foundation disciplines of english language arts

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Foundation Disciplines of English Language Arts



Foundation Disciplines of English Language Arts

•Linguistics

•Psychology

•Sociology


I. Linguistics

•It is the study of language

•It studies language from various points, focusing on the language structure, acquisition, use and change.


Aspects of Language:

Phonology – it refers to the sounds of language. It is the study of speech words.

Phoneme is the smallest unit of speech that makes a difference in sound to a listener or a speaker of language

A. Phonology



• English has approximately 42 phonemes. Because of dialectical differences, this number may be slighter greater or smaller, depending on the geogrsphical area.

Example:In most countries, the word park is

pronounced with distinctive /r/sound while in other areas the /r/ sound is much softer, and almost inaudible.

A. Phonology



Since phonemes are actuallly sounds, they are represented by symbols called graphemes.

Example:The sound of /f/ is written as f in the

words foot, fish and fox. In some words, it is written as ff as in staff and puff. In still other words the /f/ phoneme is written as gh as in laugh and tough. The combination of ph represents the /f/sound in phone and phenomena.

A. Phonology



Morphology – is the study of word forms.

A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language, meaning cannot be broken down into smaller parts.

B. Morphology



Free morphemes are morphemes that can stand alone e.g. life, galaxy, and neighbor.

Bound morphemes are morphemes that cannot stand alone and are always found attached to free morphemes. These are affixes.

B. Morphology



Syntax – is the arrangement of words into meaningful phrases, clauses and sentences. It is the study of patterns which dictates how words are combined together to form sentences.

C. Syntax



A knowledge of syntax allows the speaker or writer to take basic sentences and also enables to recognize those sentences that are not grammatically acceptable.

C. Syntax



Semantics-is the study of word meanings.

Meaning is the most important thing about language (Goodman,1986).It deal with the subtle shades of meaning that language can convey.

D. Semantics



Pragmatics-concerned with the role of context in the interpretation of meaning. It refers to the uses of language to communicate one’s intent in real life. The message of a speaker’s actual words may be heightened or may even convey the opposite meaning, depending on the manner it was delivered.

E. Pragmatics


II. Psychology

•Psychology is the study of mind and behavior.

•Psycholinguistics - is the study of the influences of psychological factors on the development, use and interpretation of language.


III. Sociology

• sociology of language – it focuses on the langaue effect on the society. It deals with the way of using a language in some points, they are: who can use the language, with whom and in what condition. It refers to the effectiveness to use the language.


Activity


Identify the following:• ________1. It refers to the effectiveness to use

the language or may come to some points, in language function

• ________2. It is the science that deals with the study of mind and human behavior.

• ________ 3. It is the smallest unit of speech.• ________ 4. It refers to how morphemes are

combined to form sentences or unit of thought.• ________ 5. It is the study of word meanings.•


• _______6. one who study linguistics.

• _______7. Study of speech words.

• _______8. Study of language.

• _______9. Smallest unit of meaning in a language.

• _______10. It is concerned with the role of context in the interpretation of meaning.


Prepared by:Bea Janelle M. Macalalad

III-4 BEEd

Class No. 18

foundation disciplines of english language arts

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