The 5

th International Conference of the International Forum on Urbanism (IFoU)

2011 National University of Singapore, Department of Architecture Global Visions: Risks and Opportunities for the Urban Planet

PARK CONNECTOR NETWORK PLANNING IN SINGAPORE:

INTEGRATING THE GREEN IN THE GARDEN CITY

Tanuwidjaja, Gunawan*

*Lecturer of Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia, Email:gunteitb@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT:

Singapore successfully achieved the Global City in a Garden, because of good political will, careful planning and strict development control initiated by the former PM Lee Kuan Yew in 1960 - 1970s. The Garden City Vision was originally proposed by Mr Lee Kuan Yew, and it was later materialised by Parks and

Recreation Department (or later named The National Parks Board/ NParks). The NParks vision was to join the national effort creating the best environment for Singaporean and residents to live work and play in, meanwhile its pillars of progress were to grow Singapore’s Garden infrastructure, to cultivate Singapore as premier horticulture hub and to ignite the community passion for

greenery. Park Connector Network (PCN) in Singapore was an integrated approach of Greening and Recreational Strategy. It generated the social and recreational activities in the neighbourhood as well as increased

biodiversity within. For example, UluPandan Park Connector was found popularly used. Meanwhile, it also served as habitat for native species of birds. This showed that PCN also contributed to successful conservation and environmental sustainability of the City (Briffet, 2004).

Further improvement of PCN was conducted with benchmarking research, infrastructure improvement. And this effort proved excellent initiatives from Singapore Government for sustainable recreational activities. It also could be transformed to other countries as one integrated sustainable greening and recreational strategy.

KEYWORDS: Garden City, Global City in a Garden, The National Parks Board (NParks), Park Connector Network, PCN, Greenway, Urban Planning, Integrated approach of Greening – Recreational Strategy, Social and recreational activities, Habitat for native species of birds

1. INTRODUCTION

Singapore, had achieved remarkable economic growth of 2-10% and Gross National Income (GNI)

$ 250,387.9 M. and the Garden City status, with strong political will, prudent planning and strict development controls (Dale, 1999; Yuen, 2000; NParks, 2006, and Singapore Dept of Statistics, 2008).1 The Singapore’s Garden City vision was stated by the former Prime Minister, Mr. Lee Kuan Yew in 1960 - 1970. In those years, he set up several vital organisations for the development of Singapore. And one of

them was The Parks and Recreation Department (later consolidated into The National Parks Board/ NParks). This effort was conducted to ensure the sustainable development of Singapore. 2

1 Dale, Ole Johan (1999)., Urban Planning in Singapore The Transformation of a City, Oxford University Press.

Yuen, B., (2000), Singapore Housing: A Strategy for Urban Development and Regeneration, The City Region in a World of Globalisation: Urban Strategies for Sustainable Development Conference, in Bergen Norway, 18 – 22 June 2000. Source: http://publications.ksu.edu.sa National Parks Board, Singapore (2006-2007), Annual Report, pp 2-7, http://www.nparks.gov.sg,

Singapore Department of Statistics ; Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2009, http://www.singstat.gov.sg/ 2 Lee,K Y. (2000). From a Third World to the First, The Singapore Story, Singapore and The Asian

On top of the organisations’ creation, he institutionalised several community-based movements, such as

the Tree Planting Day and Greening Movement in Singapore. His Garden City Vision was later spearheaded by The National Parks Board (NParks). 3

1.1 Singapore’s Concept Plan

The Garden City concept was incorporated into the Concept Plan 1971, planned to be achieved the following 40-50 years. The latest one, Concept Plan 2001, called for Singapore to become ”a thriving, world-class city in the 21st Century.” 4 The 2001 Concept Plan proposed the “Ring Concept” consisting of Expressways and Mass Rapid Transit

(MRT) system. Adjacent to ”the ring,” the high-density, high-rise towns were planned, and also mixed with several lower-density residences. The “Ring” structure surrounded the central water catchment area, which was legally gazetted as “Nature Reserves.”

Further, the commercial areas and green open spaces were planned in the core area of new high-rise-towns. This further reduced the traffic and the development pressures. As a result, more space could be allocated for greenery and more recreational activities could be offered.

1.2 Role of NParks and Sustainable Development

In the context of the Concept Plan of the Garden City, NParks played a major role in creating a city to live work and play in with strategy of growing Singapore’s garden infrastructure, cultivating Singapore as premier horticulture hub, and igniting the community passion for greenery. Further, those tasks required

commitment and excellence in the field of park planning & research, urban greening & horticulture, management, and nature conservation. 5

Figure 1. The Green and Blue Plan in Concept Plan 2001

Source: Urban Redevelopment Authority of Singapore, http://www.ura.gov.sg and National Park Board http://www.nparks.gov.sg,

In terms of park provision ratios, NParks, in consultation with the URA (Urban Redevelopment

Economic Boom, Harpec Collins Publisher, PP. 173-183. DBJ Report (2004), Building A 21st Century City, Optimizing Land Resources and Nurturing A Garden Within A City, March 2004, Development Bank of Japan, Representative Office in Singapore, source: www.dbj.go.jp 3 Ibid. 4 Urban Redevelopment Authority of Singapore, http://www.ura.gov.sg 5 National Parks Board, Singapore (2006-2007), Annual Report, pp2-7

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Authority), targeted providing 0.8 ha of Parks / 1000 population. And in 2009, NParks managed 2,502.10 ha

of Parks in Singapore comprising 56 Regional Parks, 242 Neighbourhood Parks and 25 Park Connectors. Additionally, 3,358 ha of Nature Reserves, of the Istana Park (42 ha in size), 2,517 ha of Roadside Greenery, 1,710 ha of Vacant State Land and 9 ha of Government Premises were also under Nparks management. All

of them contributed to the total of 9,651 ha of Green Spaces of Singapore, which constituted of 14% of Singapore total land area. 6 In this respect, NParks contributed significantly to “the Sustainable Urban Development (SUD) of Singapore.” The framework actually comprised 7 pillars, such as: economic sustainability, cultural

sustainability, social sustainability, political sustainability, educational sustainability, demographic sustainability, and environmental sustainability (Wong T. C. et.all., 2008).7 In the framework, NParks succeeded in meeting the cities greenery needs and achieving the Environmental and Social Sustainability of

Singapore. And clearly, the sheer scale of parks and greenery reduced the local heat island effect and improved the thermal comfort of the city.

2. GREEN NETWORK IN SINGAPORE: A KEY GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

The vision the Garden City had been achieved also with the development of the Park Connector Network. In this section, the writer would to share the integrated planning and development of PCN, and how it contributed to the social and environmental sustainability of Singapore.

2.1 Genesis of the PCN

The Parks and Recreation Department (now NParks) first proposed the Park Connector Network (PCN) in 1992 for alternative recreation options for Singaporeans. Three hundred km of Park Connector (PC) were targeted to be developed in 30 years time. The Park Connectors were initially planned abutting the drainage

reserves, water bodies connecting the national, regional and local parks. The PCN were easily implemented because of the land availability. The Coastal areas were utilised later because good connectivity. Common activities held within the PC and the coastal parks comprised of cycling, jogging, walking, and other

recreational activities for Singaporean. 8

6National Parks Board, Singapore (2008-2009), Annual Report, http://www.nparks.gov.sg http://www.singstat.gov.sg/stats/keyind.html 7 Wong T-C., Yuen B., and Goldblum C. (Eds.) (2008), Spatial Planning for a Sustainable Singapore, Springer in Association with the Singapore Institute of Planners. Singapore 8National Parks Board, Singapore (2006-2007), Annual Report, pp 2-7, http://www.nparks.gov.sg, Briffett,C., Sodhi,N., Yuen,B., Kong,L., Green corridors and the quality of urban life in Singapore, accessed from: http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/adjunct/snr0704/snr07041g.pdf in 2010

Figure 2. The Park Connector Vision

Source: National Park Board http://www.nparks.gov.sg, http://habitatnews.nus.edu.sg

Figure 3. The Park Connector Network finished

Source: National Park Board http://www.nparks.gov.sg, http://habitatnews.nus.edu.sg

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Figure 4 to 7. The Photos of Park Connectors

(Upper Left - Alexandra Canal Linear Park, Upper Right - Changi PC, Bottom Left – Jurong PC, Bottom Right – SimpangKiri PC)

Source: National Park Board, http://www.nparks.gov.sg

2.2 Challenges in implementing the PCN

The planning, design, construction and maintenance of the PCN required close inter-government agency collaboration. To ensure the successful PCN implementation, NParks coordinated between the relevant sectored agencies.

The greatest challenge of PCN implementation was the limited contiguous areas in the urban areas. Limited space within drainage reserves, road reserves and parks had resulted in challenges such as less continuous terrains.

On the other hand, PC oftentimes generated much social – recreational activity from the surrounding neighbourhood. From public feedback, residents living near certain PCs had enjoyed using the PC for jogging, cycling, roller-blading, strolling, and walking. Some even practiced “tai-chi” and other physical

exercises in several locations. For example, UluPandan Park Connector was reportedly used by more than 4087 users/ day in Briffet (2004). The research also reported that 77% had visited the park connector from nearby residential estates. And 85% of users were recorded as the regular users of the PC, at least once a week. 9

Briffet (2004) also reported that 67.7% of the UluPandan PC’s users’ intensions were to perform physical exercise. Meanwhile, 50% of them enjoyed its environment, good air, quiet, and vegetation. And lastly about 40% considered it valuable for communal relaxation and recreation. The report actually illustrated that the

the PC was found successful in improving social and environmental sustainability of the area.10 In terms of nature conservation, which was another core function of the NParks, it was reported that several PCs also provided habitats for certain native species. These species included the Purple-backed

Starling, JavanMyna and Pink-necked Pigeon, Greater Racket-tailed Drongo, Olive-winged Bulbul, Short

9Briffett, C., Sodhi, N., Yuen, B., Kong, L., Green corridors and the quality of urban life in Singapore, accessed from: http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/adjunct/snr0704/snr07041g.pdf in 2010 10Op.cit 9

tailed Babbler and Greater Green Leafbird. In fact, these species were present in the UluPandan PC (Briffet,

2004). Currently, the National Biodiversity Centre – a branch within the NParks – was undertaking wildlife surveys in the PC. And, the PCN were proven contributing to biodiversity conservation and environmental sustainability of the City.

Figure 8. The UluPandan PC Location Source: National Park Board, http://www.nparks.gov.sg,

Figure 9 to 12. The UluPandan PC Photos

Source: National Park Board, http://www.nparks.gov.sg

Based on the author’s personal observation, most users enjoyed cycling and jogging paths because of the

good connectivity and the pleasant environment. Further, the greenery living on the river reserve and the adjacent residential and light industrial created a cooling environmental. Also the linear park provided

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sanctuary for Singaporean from hustle and bustle of the City.

Further, the good connectivity of UluPandan PC with the Town Centre and Community Facilities had made the cyclists and pedestrian able to reach alternative locations easily. And this generated a beneficial effect of creating an alternative convenience route for commuters. In short, all these findings point to the

integrated PCN planning, design and development.

2.3 Updates and Further developments

Nparks PCN goal was to develop a 300km island-wide network of green corridors by FY2015. And NParks had finished about 112 km of park connectors in 2009. The main PC, The Western Loop, was

completed in 2009 and linked several Regional Parks in the west. Meanwhile, the Northern Loop was expected to be ready in end-2010. The Eastern Loop or Eastern Coastal PCN was completed in 2007. And the new PCs were planned and designed using benchmarking PC research from other countries.11

2.4 Research and Benchmarking of PCN

I conducted a benchmarking research of Park Connector (Greenway) Planning and Design in several cities and countries during the internship program of MSc. Environmental Management and NParks. Under

the supervision of Ms Kim Goh and Mr John Lee Tsen Yang, I evaluated the Greenway in Seattle - Washington, Portland - Oregon and New York City, (all 3 cities in USA); Vancouver, Canada; Copenhagen, Denmark; Australia (AUSTROAD); and UK (Sustrans).12 In general, I found that the successful PCN or Bikeways (Europe terms) or Greenways (US terms) were

integrated with Urban Planning and Development. Actually this strategy would improve the experience of the Bikeways/ Greenways users and reduce pollution level of the use of motorised vehicle. Local businesses adjacent to the Bikeways/ Greenways benefitted from this strategy because of the higher volumes of

customers. Furthermore, proximity to the Bikeways/ Greenways could be a potential selling point for residential properties in the vicinity. Later, an integrated cycling strategy was identified as a key aspect in sustainable PCN planning. This

broad strategy comprises of improvements made to the cycling lanes in the PCN, construction of bike lanes in the road reserve, integration of PCN and bike-lane network with other mass transportation modes. It was also found that effective campaigning with respect to safe riding and more tolerant use of shared spaces would augment the integrated strategy. Close collaboration and integration between authorities was a critical

success factor in the implementation of the PCN. At the same time, LTA (Land Transport Authority) Singapore promoted the aspect of road safety and transportation’s efficiency in the Land Transport Master Plan 2008. They were committed to provide better

bicycle parking facilities around MRT stations and bus interchanges; to close short gaps between the park connectors and transport nodes; to cater to commuters who cycle to the MRT stations or bus interchanges; and to install appropriate road signs to alert motorists to the presence of cyclists along frequently used

routes.13 I believed that these would also assist the cyclists and eventually support concept of green recreational transport in Singapore. To further enhance the cycling experience, NParks provided several cyclists’ facility within the PCN. Seven pit-stops were later developed in seven parks in Eastern PCN. In a typical PCN pit-stop, bicycle rental

facilities were provided. This would allow users to rent and return bicycles in any of the seven pit-stops at their convenience. And all additional programs mentioned above had shown serious efforts by the

11National Parks Board, Singapore (2008-2009), Annual Report, http://www.nparks.gov.sg, 12http://www.seattle.gov/transportation/

http://www.portlandonline.com/transportation/index.cfm?c=32360 http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/bicyclists/bikemain.shtml http://www.drdul.com/docs/guide.pdf#search='vancouver%20bikeway%20standard' http://www.bigloo.info/archivos/Project%20copenhagen.pdf

http://www.austroads.com.au/documents/TheAustralianNationalCyclingStrategy2005-2010.pdf http://www.sustrans.org.uk/ 13 Land Transport Authority (2008), Land Transport Master Plan 2008, www.lta.gov.sg

Government of Singapore to create sustainable Park Connector Network in the Garden City.14

3. CONCLUSION

The NParks had successfully planned, designed and implemented the Park Connector Network (PCN) in Singapore. This was an excellent example of taking an integrated approach in Greening and Recreational

Strategy. It was proved successful in catering for social and recreational activities as well as increasing the overall levels of biodiversity. And it should be used as a model for other countries as a strategy to face Global Challenges in the urban areas.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

- National Parks Board (NParks) o Mr Sim Cheng Hai, Director of Policy and Planning; o Ms Kim Goh, Assistant Director of Physical Planning;

o Mr John Lee Tsen Yang MSc. BSc. (Research Supervisor - Senior Programme Officer, National Biodiversity Center - Coastal and Marine);

- Singapore Government/ State boards;

- Petra Christian University; o Ir. Handoko Sugiharto, M.T. Dean of Civil Engineering and Planning Faculty; o Agus Dwi Hariyanto, M.Sc., ST., Head of Architecture Department; o Ir. Joyce M. Laurens, M.Arch., Lecturer of Architecture Department;

o Rully Damayanti MArt., ST., Lecturer of Architecture Department; o Luciana Kristanto MT.,ST., Lecturer of Architecture Department;

- National University of Singapore

o Dr. Malone Lee-Lai Choo, Director of Centre of Sustainable Asian Cities and Former Director of MSc. Environmental Management Program;

o Prof. George Ofori, Director of MSc. Environmental Management Program;

o Prof Clive Briffett, Prof Navjot Sodhi, Prof Bellinda Yuen, Prof Lily Kong; - Dr. Ho Hua Chew, Nature Society Singapore; - Mrs Joyce Martha Widjaya, Senior Researcher of Research Institute of Socio-Economic and Community

Development, Public Works Department.

REFERENCES

[1] Briffett,C., Sodhi,N., Yuen,B., Kong,L., Green corridors and the quality of urban life in Singapore (1984), accessed from: http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/adjunct/snr0704/snr07041g.pdf in 2010

[2] Dale, Ole Johan., Urban Planning in Singapore The Transformation of a City, Oxford University Press, 1999.

[3] DBJ Report Building A 21st Century City, Optimizing Land Resources and Nurturing A Garden Within

A City, March 2004, Development Bank of Japan, Representative Office in Singapore, source: www.dbj.go.jp

[4] http://www.austroads.com.au/documents/TheAustralianNationalCyclingStrategy2005-2010.pdf [5] http://www.bigloo.info/archivos/Project%20copenhagen.pdf

[6] http://www.drdul.com/docs/guide.pdf#search='vancouver%20bikeway%20standard' [7] http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/bicyclists/bikemain.shtml [8] http://www.portlandonline.com/transportation/index.cfm?c=32360

[9] http://www.seattle.gov/transportation/ [10] http://www.singstat.gov.sg/ [11] http://www.sustrans.org.uk/

[12] Land Transport Authority, Land Transport Master Plan, 2008, www.lta.gov.sg [13] Lee,K Y., From a Third World to the First, The Singapore Story, Singapore and The Asian Economic

Boom, Harpec Collins Publisher, 2000, PP. 173-183.

14National Parks Board, Singapore (2008-2009), Annual Report, http://www.nparks.gov.sg,

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[14] National Parks Board, Singapore , Annual Report, 2006-2007, http://www.nparks.gov.sg,

[15] National Parks Board, Singapore, Annual Report, 2008-2009, http://www.nparks.gov.sg [16] Singapore Department of Statistics ; Yearbook of Statistics Singapore, 2009. [17] Urban Redevelopment Authority of Singapore, http://www.ura.gov.sg

[18] Wong T-C., Yuen B., and Goldblum C. (Eds.), Spatial Planning for a Sustainable Singapore, Springer in Association with the Singapore Institute of Planners. 2008, Singapore

[19] Yuen, B., Singapore Housing: A Strategy for Urban Development and Regeneration, The City Region in a World of Globalisation: Urban Strategies for Sustainable Development Conference, in Bergen

Norway, 18 – 22 June 2000. Source: http://publications.ksu.edu.sa -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Curriculum Vitae

I. Personal Information

Full name : Gunawan Tanuwidjaja ST. MSc. e-mail : gunteitb@yahoo.com Website : http://greenimpactindo.wordpress.com/about/

Sex : Male Nationality : Indonesian Religion : Christian Status : Single Mother Language : Indonesian Language Skill : Indonesian, English Computer Software Skill

: AutoCad 2007 and previous version, ArcView GIS 3.2, Adobe Photoshop, Microsoft Software (Word, Excel, Power Point & Access).

II. Formal Education

Name of Institution

City/Country Study Time (Months/Years)

Graduated from (Month and Year)

Specialis-ation GPA

National University of

Singapore

Singapore 1 year October 2006 MSc Environ-ment Manage-ment

3.86 from scale of 5

Bandung Institute of Technology

(Institut Teknologi Bandung)

Bandung / Indonesia

5 years July of 2001 Bachelor of Architecture

2.73 from scale of 4

III. Informal Education

Study Time (Years) Name of Institution Course Name & Specialization

2010 School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development, Bandung Institute of Technology. (SAPPK, ITB)

Arte-Polis 3 International Conference on Creative Collaboration and the Making of Place (3-days seminar)

2010 Architecture Department, Petra Christian University (Jurusan Arsitektur, UK Petra)

National Seminar on Architecture within the City: Living and Staying in Surabaya (Seminar Nasional tentang Arsitektur [di]

kota: Hidup dan Berkehidupan di

Surabaya?”) [1-day seminar]

2010 Planning Department, School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development, Bandung Institute of Technology, 2009.(Jurusan Planologi,

SAPPK, ITB)

Positioning Planning in the Global Crises International Seminar (1-day seminar)

2009 Civil Engineering Department, Maranatha University (Jurusan Teknik Sipil, UK Maranatha)

National Seminar of Low-Cost Apartment, (Seminar Nasional Apartemen Bersubsidi)

[1-day seminar]

2008 Singapore Institute of Planner Spatial Planning for a Sustainable Singapore (1-day seminar)

2008 Lee Kuan Yew School Of Public Policy "Lessons Not to Learn from American Cities" by Prof Alan Altshuler (Half-day seminar)

2007 National University of Singapore, Faculty of Engineering, PAC (Professional Activities Centre)

Short Course On "A – Z Of Oil & Gas To Petrochemicals (3-days seminar)

2007 Singapore Institute of Planner Destination Resorts, The Next Wave(1-day seminar)

2007 Singapore Institute of Planner, Malaysia Institute of Planner and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Seminar of Planning of Iskandar Development Region (1-day seminar)

2001 The British Institute IELTS Preparation Course

2000 Language Center ITB English Writing Course

1999 Gradasi Bulletin Student Union of Architecture Gunadharma ( IMA-Gunadharma)

Journalistic Training

1997 Architecture Department ITB AutoCad R14 Training

1993-1995 Saint Angela’s English Course English Course level C6 to C11

1990-1992 Saint Angela’s English Course English Course level J2 to J5

IV. Working Experience

Name of Institute/Compa-nies

City/ Countries Position Job Description Contract Periods

Petra Christian University, Department of Architecture

Surabaya Lecturer Lecturer Assistant for Design Studio (AR 300) and Structure Studio (AR 110)

August 2010 to now

Green Impact Indonesia Integrated Urban,

Drainage and Environmental Planning

Consultant

Bandung Manager Team Leader and Urban Planner

March 2003 to now

Agency for Research and Development, Institute of Water

Resources, Ministry of Public Works, Republic of

Indonesia,

Bandung Expert Urban Planning and Management Expert

October 2008 to April 2009

HOK Singapore Singapore Urban Designer Residential and Airport Urban

Design

October – Nov 2008

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Name of Institute/Compa-nies

City/ Countries Position Job Description Contract Periods

Jurong Consultants Pte Ltd., Planning Division

Singapore Planner Industrial Area Master Plan, Urban

Master Plan, and Broad Land Use Plan

November 2006 to October 2008

National Parks Board, Republic of Singapore

Singapore Intern Green Network Planning Research

July 2006 to Aug 2006

Agency for Research and Development, Institute of Water

Resources, Ministry of Public Works, Republic of

Indonesia,

Bandung/ Indonesia Junior Researcher GIS Expert Assistant (Arc View 3.2), in

Polder Team

Jan 2005 - Aug 2005

Satyamitra Jasapuri Engineering

Bandung/ Indonesia Junior Architect, Estimator

House, Factory and Café Design

Aug 2003 - Dec 2004

PT. Trinitas Buana Utama Bandung/ Indonesia Junior Architect Apartment Design Aug 2002 - Aug 2003

PT. Imesco Dito Jakarta/ Indonesia Junior Architect Exclusive Residential Design

Jan 2002 – Aug 2002

COMBINE Bandung/ Indonesia Junior Researcher Research on Urban Development

Problem

Aug 2001 - Jan 2002

CV. Cipta Bina Sarana Bandung/ Indonesia Work Trainee Hotel Design May - July 2001

ASPEK Bandung/ Indonesia Program Facilitator

Community Recovery Program (CRP-HUI) in RW

11, Cibangkong District

Garbage Management ,

Mechanism Making and Controlling of Cooperative Credit

Unit

Jan 2000 - Aug 2001

V. Planning, Research and Design Works

Name of Project Position Year

Under Green Impact Indonesia

Optimising the Development of SURAMADU Bridge in Madura

Island, in the Social, Economy and Environmental Aspect.

Urban Planner and GIS Expert Jan 2010 - Present

Project Executive Presentation Assistance for (Strategic Urban

Spatial Improvement Programme – SUSIP) , Directorate of Spatial

Planning, Public Works Department, Republic of

Indonesia

Team Leader Nov 2009 – Jan 2010

Drainage Master Plan Revitalisation in Summarecon, Kelapa Gading,

Jakarta, Indonesia

Team Leader and Urban Planner March – Nov 2009

Hospital Preliminary Design and Study in Pangalengan, West Java,

Indonesia (Proposal to KPBS, Milk Producer Cooperative in

Pangalengan)

Team Leader and Senior Architect April 2009

Community Based Development Revitalisation in PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara, Sumba, Nusa Tenggara

Barat, Indonesia (Proposal)

Team Leader and Environmentalist April 2009

Name of Project Position Year

Traditional Market Mapping, GIS Database and Analysis in the framework of Implementing

Presidential Decree No 112/2007 on Development of Traditional Market and Relocation of Modern Market in Indonesia (Proposal to Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia)

Team Leader and Urban Planner August – September 2009

Integrated Water Resources Management Plan for Barangkal River, sub catchment of Brantas

River Basin, in relation with Social Aspect and Institution Capacity

Building (Proposal to JICA)

Team Leader and Environmentalist August – September 2009

“9 Pearl” Elementary School in Bandung

Team Leader and Architect 2003

Proposal 99’ers Radio School (Proposal)

Team Leader and Architect 2003

Under Jurong Consultants Pte Ltd.

Preliminary Study and Brief Development Concept of QEZ3, Petrochemical Complex, Qatar

Planner 2007 to 2008

Dera Bassi Detailed Master Plan, Greater Mohali Area, Punjab, India

Planner 2007 to 2008

Libya Africa Economic City Planner 2007 to 2008

Wonogiri Industrial Park, Indonesia (Guanxi State Farm - Biofuel Plant)

Planner 2007 to 2008

Master Plan An Tay Industrial Service Centre

Planner 2007

Master Plan Zhangzhou Waterfront City, China

Assistant Planner 2006-2007

Master Plan AMRL International Tech City, Tamil Nadu, India

Assistant Planner 2007

With MSc Environmental Management Program

“Neotiewpia” Eco Village Master Plan in Kranji Singapore

Planner & Environmentalist 2006

Under SJP Engineering

BTC Café Junior Architect 2004

Kopomas Factory Junior Architect 2004

Private Houses Bandung Junior Architect, Design Development

2003 – 2004

Under PT. Trinitas Buana Utama

Rental Houses in Bandung Studio Coordinator 2002 – 2003

Bukit Resik Exclusive Aparment Studio Coordinator 2002 – 2003

Site Plan “S. Parman” Elite Housing Studio Coordinator 2002

Under PT. Imesco Dito

Private Houses in Jakarta Junior Architect 2002

Freelance Project

Cibangkong Low Cost Housing, Bandung Indonesia

Final Year Student 2001

Design Development of KARANG SETRA Hotel, Spa and Cottages, Bandung Indonesia under Cipta

Bina Sarana

Junior Architect, Design Development

2001

Master Plan of Cipulir Housing Site Plan, Jakarta under Prof Ir.

Danisworo

Junior Architect 2001

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VI. Awards, Prestige, Activities, and Publication

Awards/ Prestige

Best Dissertation Prizes from Shell, MEM National University of Singapore, 2006-2007 Shell Grant Bursary Holder in MEM National University of Singapore, 2005-2006 Second Champion of Design Competition of Informal Traders Stand held by The Municipal¥ Government of Kota Bandung, Praksis dan IMA-Gunadharma ITB Year 2001

Activities GKI Taman Cibunut (Presbyterian Church of Indonesia, Taman Cibunut) 2004 - 2005 : Documentation and Audio Visual Team for Church Events 2005 2003 – 2005 : Member of Young Adult Commission of Presbyterian Church of Indonesia Taman Cibunut. Bandung Independent Living Center (BILIC) 2003 - 2004 : Voluntary Attendant for Difable (Disable) Person 2003 : Coordinator Research Team in Accessibility Issue for Difable (Disable) Person in Several Location in Bandung Forum Gelar Kota Bandung (City Development Discussion Forum) 2002 : Forum Gelar Kota Secretariat 2001 : Junior Researcher Ikatan Mahasiswa Arsitektur Gunadharma ITB (Gunadharma Student Union of Architecture Department of ITB) 2001 Member of Legislative Bodies of IMA - Gunadharma Member of Sustainable Human Settlement Discussion Group Coordinator of TOR Team of Sustainable Human Settlement Seminar 1999 – 2000: Coordinator of Gradasi (Architecture Bulletin of IMA-G) OSIS SMAK I BPK Penabur (Student Union of BPK Penabur Senior High School) OSIS SMP St Aloysius (Student Union of St Aloysius Junior High School) Komisi Remaja GKI Taman Cibunut (Youth Commission of Presbyterian Church of Indonesia Taman Cibunut )

Publications Integration of Spatial Planning and Water Resource Management for Flood Reduction in Surabaya, presented in National Seminar on Architecture within the City: Living and Staying in Surabaya, Architecture Department, Petra Christian University, 27 May 2010 (INTEGRASI TATA RUANG DAN TATA AIR UNTUK MENGURANGI BANJIR DI SURABAYA UNTUK “Seminar Nasional tentang Arsitektur [di] kota: Hidup dan Berkehidupan di Surabaya?”Diadakan oleh Jurusan Arsitektur Universitas Kristen Petra, pada Dies Natalis yang ke 43, tanggal 27 Mei 2010). Creative Collaboration in the Implementation of Presidential Act on Regulating, Revitalising and Building Synergy of the Traditional Markets, Shopping Centres and Modern Markets in Indonesia, presented in Arte-Polis 3 International Conference on Creative Collaboration and the Making of Place, School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development, Bandung Institute of Technology. Creative Collaboration in Urban Polder in Jakarta, in the Framework of Integrated Water Management, , presented in Arte-Polis 3 International Conference on Creative Collaboration and the Making of Place, School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development, Bandung Institute of Technology. Applying Integrated Ecological Planning and Adaptive Landscape Evaluation Tool for Developing Countries in the Framework of Sustainable Spatial Planning and Development, Study Case Bintan Island, Indonesia, Positioning Planning in the Global Crises International Seminar, conducted by Planning Department, School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development, Bandung Institute of Technology, 2009. Integration of Sustainable Planning Policy and Design of Low-Cost Apartment, in the Context of Sustainable Urban Development, National Seminar of Low-Cost Apartment, Civil Engineering Department, Maranatha University, Bandung, Indonesia, 2009. (Integrasi Kebijakan Perencanaan dan Desain Rumah Susun yang Berkelanjutan, dalam Konteks Pembangunan Kota yang Berkelanjutan, dipresentasikan pada Seminar Nasional Apartemen Bersubsidi, Jurusan Teknik Sipil, UK Maranatha, 2009). Bamboos as Sustainable and Affordable Material for Housing, National Seminar of Low-Cost Apartment, Civil Engineering Department, Maranatha University, Bandung, Indonesia, 2009. (Bambu sebagai Material yang Berkelanjutan dan Affordable untuk Perumahan, dipresentasikan pada Seminar Nasional Apartemen Bersubsidi, Jurusan Teknik Sipil, UK Maranatha, 2009). Guidelines for Developing Polder System in Indonesia, Agency for Research and Development, Institute of Water Resources, Ministry of Public Works, Republic of Indonesia, 2008-2009. Developing a Landscape Evaluation Tool for Developing Countries, Case Studies Bintan Island, Indonesia, MSc Environment Management Program, National University of Singapore (Best Dissertation Award). Report of Research in Accessibility Issue for Difable (Disable) Person in Several Location in Bandung. Reports of Bandung Urban Discussion Forum on Urban Solid Waste Management, January 2002. Reports of Bandung Urban Discussion Forum in Housing Needs, August 2001. Thesis of Design Studio, Case of Low Economy Flat for Cibangkong Village, Bandung, Indonesia (Kelurahan Cibangkong), Theme Pattern Language Architecture. Seminar Report of Housing Development Based on Low Economy People.

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