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1. Which of the following is true according to the text? A. The world’s civilization originated from old Greece. B. The ancient Greeks did much to advance the world’s civilization. C. The Roman alphabet was invented in Rome. D. The Greek civilization was outstanding in the past but is out of date now

2. Which statement is NOT true according to the text?A. Marathon is a Greek invention.B. Marathon used to be the name of a place.C. Marathon is named after a Greek soldier.D. Marathon is now the name of a distance race.

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3. _____ is the most important structure in honour of the Goddess of Athena?A.The Parthenon B.The Erechtheum C. The Temple of Nike D. The 13-metre-high gold-covered statue

4. Who or what is most responsible for the damage of the Acropolis? A. Natural disasters B. Human beings C. Time D. Pollution

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5. When was the Acropolis officially recognized as a World Heritage? A. In 1816 B. In 1832 C. 1975 D. 1987

6. Which of the following is most effective in preserving cultural heritages? A. Education B. Restoration C. Rebuilding D. Improvement

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1.No one has had a greater influence on Western civilization than the ancient Greeks. have an influence on… =influence have an impact on/upon… =impact =have an effect on… =affect… The inflation will surely have a great impact on everyone’s life. Internet shopping has begun to have a serious impact on the traditional bookshops.

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2. The Roman alphabet is a Greek invention, as is the marathon, a long distance race created in honour of a Greek soldier who ran from Marathon to Athens to report the victory at the battle of Marathon in 490 BC. The film is so boring, as is its music. He is a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.　 I travel to London every day, as do most of the people who live in this village.

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1)as引导的限制性定语从句Such people as are described in the novel are rare nowadays.These products are exchanged for such machinery and equipment as we need to buy abroad. I’m of the same mind as you are about this.  比较： This is such a heavy stone as no one can lift. This is such a heavy stone that no one can lift it.

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2）关系代词 as引导的非限制性定语从句This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.As had been expected, he was the first to come this morning.The earth, as we know, moves around the sun.as 引导非限制性定语从句时，关系代词 as一般指整个主句意思，整个定语从句可放在句末，句首，句中， as可翻译为“正如”“正像”which 引导的非限制性定语从句，常常表示主句动作的结果The boss turned a deaf ear to the demand, which made us very angry.

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3. In particular, we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital of Athens, the greatest symbol of which is the Acropolis. in particular=particularly adv. 尤其是，特别是 particular adj. 特别的 ,挑剔 be particular about... 对 ...挑剔 You won't be particular about your food in time of great hunger. associate A with B 将 A与 B联系起来 She always associates the smell of baking with her childhood.I can't see there is something particular in his speech associated with this matter.

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4. It used to house a 13-metre-high gold-covered statue of Athena as the Goddess of Victory. house vt. 容纳， The gallery houses 200 works of modern art. 200 works of modern art are housed in the gallery.

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5. The Acropolis is no different. It has been damaged partly by natural forces like earthquakes, but the greatest damage of all has been caused by man.be no different 不例外All of my classmates study hard.I am no different.=I am no exception.

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6. In 1458, the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized control of Athens.seize/take control of… 掌控 , 获取…的控制权 lose control of under the control of… in control out of control It took the teacher many weeks to bring the children under control.

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7. In 1687, an attack from Italy causedthe gunpowder to explode and a large part of the building was destroyed. attack n. vt. 攻击，袭击， 攻打under attackThe enemy were now under attack.

under constructionunder repairunder discussionunder considerationunder reviewunder way=underway

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cause sb. to do sth. 引起某人干某事The heavy rain caused the river to rise.

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8.The last major destruction of this kind occurred with the theft of many of the best sculptures in 1801, when an Englishman, Lord Elgin, cut them off the face of the arthenon ,and took them to Londonoccur vi. 发生 =happen They say that the traffic accident occurredat midnight. occur to sb. 某人突然想到 ....An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.It occurred to me that I would travel Europe.

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cut 相关短语： cut off 切断 ...               将 ...从 ...切下来               使 ...孤立 ,使 ... 隔绝 The village was cut off by the heavy snow. cut down on.... 减少 ...的量 cut in 插嘴 cut out 删除，剪出 cut up 切碎

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9. In 1816, these sculptures were turned over to the British Museum.turn 的相关短语：turn over vt. vi.使翻转，翻过来 ,仔细考虑 He turned it over in his mind. vt. 移交turn against... vt. 背叛turn around 旋转，围绕 ...转turn away 转过去 ,将 ...赶走 /打发走turn off vt. 关闭（开关等）turn on vt. 打开  （开关等）turn up vt. 开大（开关等）  vi. 出现turn down vt. 关小（开关等）拒绝

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turn out vt. 生产 link v 竟然是The rumour turned out (to be ) true.=It turned out that the rumour was true.As it turned out, the rumour was true.turn to... 转向 ....；向 ...求助

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10. They are still shown there under the title of ‘Elgin Marbles'. This has caused some friction between Greece and Britain, as the Greek government has never given up asking for the return of these marble statues. under the title of... 以 ...的名义

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11. In 1830, Greece was recognized as an autonomous country and five years later, in 1835, the new government began a serious effort to repair the Acropolis. Unfortunately, some of the construction that was carried out over the following 100 years was not very successful.recognize vt. 认出 , 承认 I didn't recognize my friend at once because he was wearing a pair of dark glasses. The U.N. recognized the new government as the only legal government.carry out vt. 实施 , 履行 The plan should be carried out immediately. carry away vt. 拿走 ,掠走 , 使着迷 The audience was carried away by her songs. carry on 继续

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effort n. (C,U)make an effort, make every effort 作出努力take an effort 花费努力spare no effort 不遗余力It will take much effort as well as much time to do that work well.We will spare no effort to recreate our guests.Unfortunately,----. = It is/was unfortunate that..

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12. In a gesture to help preserve history, the Greek government appoint a committeein 1975 to undertake a complet repair of theAcropolis.gesture n. 姿态， 手势，态度I gave her some flowers as a gesture of apology.preserve vt. 保护（物品，文物 ),保存conserve vt. 保护 （环境等）protect vt.保护 （通用）appoint vt. 任命 （ vt.+O+OC), 约定He was appointed president of the university last year. All the guests arrived at the appointed time.

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13. Poor repair work has to be mended, especially on some sections which are lying around loose, or which might fall down.  半系动词： His father lay ill in bed. The sun rose red in the east. He sat silent in the chair.

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14. By learning about damage prevention, people will be able to enjoy this historic monument for generations to come.“by+动名词”  表示“通过 ...的方式”The old man makes his living by selling vegetables.Columbus believed that he could reach the eastby sailing to the west.

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P21 E 部分

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1. While I was there, I really enjoyed walking around in beautiful weather, even though I got sunburnt.

even though =even if       即使，即便（引导让步状语从句）• He's an honest man even though I have

opposed him.• Even though he treated her so badly, she still

loved him I wouldn't do it even if you paid me a thousand

pounds.

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2) The fans in Chicago admire Michael Jordan _______ he is no longer fighting for the Chicago Bulls.A. since B. even if C. however D. when

1) You will succeed in the end____ you give up halfway.A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless

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2. I like the Parthenon in particular, which was built in honour of the goddess. in honour of=in one's honour  为了向 ...表示敬意；为纪念 ....There is a party tonight in honour of the visiting President.比较：in memory of... 为纪念 ...（死去的人）The library was built in memory of the scientist.

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3.To avoid further damage, a special committee is looking into reparing the Acropolis.look into... 调查 ...The case is now being looked into.

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4. The committee believes that people need to be taught the importance of conservation if the Acropolis is to be mended and kept in good condition.if 条件状语从句使用 “ be+to do..."表示  "如果想要 ..."If you are to succeed, efforts and hard workare what you can't avoid.in good condition 状态良好，身体健康out of condition 状况不好，身体欠佳My car is still in good condition though it is old.She looks ill. She is out of conditon today.

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on conditon that=if （如果，条件是）引导条件状语从句I'll come on condition that my parents are invited, too.on no condition 绝不，在任何条件下都不You should on no condition visit that place.=On no condition should you visit that place.conditions 表示“（周围的）状况，情况=situationthe present conditions

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5. The problem with seeing such a famous momument is the steady stream of people all trying to see the place at the same time. the problem with.... ...的问题The problem with video game is that they're addictive.

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6. What a pity that most of the best marble sculptures were removed and are now at the British museum in London!

1) What a long way from Beijing to Shanghai, ____? A. isn't there B. isn't it C. is it D. it isn't 2) He is both diligent and clever. No wonder he is always getting the first place in every exam, ___?A. isn't there B. is it C. isn't he D. is he 3) He is an able man. No doubt he will make it, ___? A. is there B. is it C. isn't there D. will he