Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuels

What are Fossil What are Fossil Fuels ? Fuels ?

What creates them ?What creates them ?

Three main types of Three main types of Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuels

A combustible A combustible material created material created naturally beneath naturally beneath Earth’s surface Earth’s surface over a LONG over a LONG period of time. period of time.

Decayed plant an Decayed plant an animal matter. animal matter.

Coal, Natural Gas Coal, Natural Gas and Petroleumand Petroleum

Where does natural gas come Where does natural gas come from? from?

Where do Fossil Fuels Comes From?Where do Fossil Fuels Comes From?

Decayed plants and animals Millions of years ago Created thick layers of organic material

Over time Mud and soil created rocks above the

organic material (decayed plants and animals)

Pressure and heat Changed some organic material into

natural gas.

Coal Coal Is the youngest of Is the youngest of the fossil fuels and the fossil fuels and lies closest to the lies closest to the Earth’s surface. Earth’s surface.

We remove it We remove it through through underground underground mining. mining.

Oil Oil

Sometimes called: Sometimes called:

PetroleumPetroleum

Crude oil Crude oil

Is the 2Is the 2ndnd oldest fossil oldest fossil fuel. It is found deeper fuel. It is found deeper into the earth and is a into the earth and is a fluid. fluid.

It is obtained by drilling It is obtained by drilling deep into the earth. (oil deep into the earth. (oil well)well)

Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Gas is the Natural Gas is the oldest and deepest oldest and deepest Fossil fuel and is Fossil fuel and is colorless and colorless and odorless. odorless.

Gas companies add a sulfur smell to the fluid.

Why is this important?

Pair/share What are Fossil Fuels made from?

What are the three types of fossil Fuels?

Can fossil fuels be replaced easily?

Decayed plant and animal matter

Natural Gas, Oil and Coal

No they take billions of years to replace

Natural Gas Natural Gas Household Household

UsesUses

Heat water – hot water heatersHeat water – hot water heaters

Heat homes – furnacesHeat homes – furnaces

Cooking – stoves Cooking – stoves

Drying clothes – clothes dryersDrying clothes – clothes dryers

Other household appliancesOther household appliances

How Natural Gas Gets To YouHow Natural Gas Gets To YouPumped out of the ground using oil wellsPumped out of the ground using oil wellsThen transported in Pressurized pipelines to a Then transported in Pressurized pipelines to a natural gas facility.natural gas facility.At the facility they remove unneeded materials and At the facility they remove unneeded materials and liquids liquids Propane, ethane, water, etc.Propane, ethane, water, etc.

Gas continues through pipelinesGas continues through pipelines Compressor stations to maintain pressureCompressor stations to maintain pressure

Can be stored underground in old wellsCan be stored underground in old wells For later useFor later use

Distributed to customers through pipelines.Distributed to customers through pipelines.

Pair/ShareWhat are 4 ways we use Natural Gas in the household.

What are 3 ways you can conserve Natural Gas in your home?

Heat water – hot water Heat water – hot water heatersheaters

Heat homes – furnacesHeat homes – furnaces

Cooking – stoves Cooking – stoves

Drying clothes – Drying clothes – clothes dryersclothes dryers

Other household Other household appliancesappliances

Natural Gas AdvantagesNatural Gas Advantages

Underground pipelines are safe, reliable Underground pipelines are safe, reliable and protected from the weatherand protected from the weather

Cleaner burning than other fossil fuels, like Cleaner burning than other fossil fuels, like coal and oil. coal and oil.

Increased use can address several Increased use can address several environmental concernsenvironmental concerns Smog, acid rain, greenhouse gas emissionsSmog, acid rain, greenhouse gas emissions

Natural Gas PopularityNatural Gas Popularity

Because of advantages, increasingly Because of advantages, increasingly popular in U.S.popular in U.S.

More than 62% of homes use natural gas More than 62% of homes use natural gas heat water, fuel stoves, clothes dryers, heat water, fuel stoves, clothes dryers,

furnaces, other household appliancesfurnaces, other household appliances

26.4%

2.6%0.1%

5.00%

21.6%

13.9%

30.3%

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

35.0%

Natural Gas Uses in the U.S.

Electric Power

Pipeline Fuel

Vehicle Fuel

Oil & Gas Indus. Ops.

Residential

Commercial

Industrial

Natural Gas

Disadvantages

It takes a long time to create. So once we use it all up it is gone!Have about Have about 100 years100 years supply of natural gas left at supply of natural gas left at current levels of pumpingcurrent levels of pumping

When burning Natural Gas it puts CO2 into the atmosphere. Increased levels of CO2 causes Global Warming.

What is Global What is Global Warming?Warming?

Global warming computer game Global warming computer game

Global Warming is Global Warming is the gradual the gradual increase of earth’s increase of earth’s temperature. temperature.

Greenhouse Greenhouse gasses like CO2 gasses like CO2 enters the enters the atmosphere and atmosphere and traps heat around traps heat around the earth. the earth.

Why is Global Warming bad?

video and info site

An increase in Earth’s temperature can cause the polar icecaps to melt.

Changes weather patterns: Floods, hurricanes, tornados, effects some biotic factors natural timing.

What can you do? What are 3 ways you can conserve natural gas in your home?

If we continue to use Natural gas at the rate we are using it, when do they predict we will run out?