1. Fossil FormationBy David J. Avila

2. IntroductionThe latest scientific ideasconcerning the formation of fossilsand rock layers show that there aretwo very different theories. Boththeories begin with differentassumptions regarding theformation of fossils and rocklayers, and then try to make senseout of the same existing evidence.A true scientist will look closely atboth theories to see which oneexplains the evidence better. 3. Evolution begins with the assumption that, over hundreds of millionsof years, the first living cell evolved into the variety of life we seetoday. Therefore, evolution assumes that the fossils we find buried inthe rock layers all over the earth are a rock-solid record of millions ofyears of evolution. Evolutionists begin with this belief and then try tomake sense out of the evidence. 4. Quotation from ScientistJames Hutton the father of modern geologymade the following statement in his bookTheory of the Earth which shows hisnaturalistic philosophy and rejection of theBiblical approach.The past history of our globe must beexplained by what can be seen to behappening now No powers are to beemployed that are not natural to theglobe, no action to be admitted exceptthose of which we know the principles.His idea of uniformitarianism was soonadopted as the correct way to interpret thegeological record and led to assumingmillions of years had passed to laid down therock layers.Hutton as painted bySir Henry Raeburn in1776. 5. Creation begins with theassumption that the Bible istrue, and that God created allthings after their kind about6,000 years ago. Therefore,creation assumes that thefossils we find buried in rocklayers all over the earth are arock-solid record of the world-wideflood described in theBible only thousands of yearsago. Creations begin with thisbelief and then try to makesense out of the evidence. 6. For this report, I will first look atfossil fish, then at fossilgraveyards, and finally at livingfossils. Through examing thisevidence, I will show that fossilformation is best explained bywhat the Bible calls aWorldwide Flood. 7. Fossil FishA dying brachiosaurus falls near the bank of a smallriver. Gentle waves wash the sand up, little by little,covering the remains. Slowly and gradually the sedimentlayers build up. Then, over millions of years, the bonesslowly fossilize as the layers turn to rock. Tens of millionsof years later a paleontologist unearths the fossildinosaur.This makes a nice little time-lapse video clip at thescience museum or in science class. But is it science, orjust a belief? 8. Obviously, fossils exist. In fact,scientists find them all over theworld. But how do fossils reallyform? For decades evolution hastaught that fossils take thousandsor even millions of years to form.But does the evidence confirm thisidea? 9. Consider the billions of fish fossils wefind buried in rock layers all over theearth. Many are so well preservedthat they actually show scales andfins. Now when a fish dies, it doesnot settle calmly on the bottom of thesea waiting to be slowly covered bysediment little by little, and layer bylayer. No, when a fish dies, top-feedingscavengers attack it. Then,whatever is left sinks to the bottomwhere bottom-feeding scavengersattack it. Finally, oxygen, moisture,and bacteria attack whats left. So.Evolutions slow-and-gradual fossilformation does not explain theevidence-well preserved fish fossils. 10. But, a catastrophic worldwideflood would provide thenecessary conditions toproduce billions of well-preservedfish fossils--quickburial and a rapid hardening ofthe surrounding sediment.Fish fossilized eating fish.The powerful currents of water flowing across continents wouldhave been filled with millions of tons of sand and silt. Many fish(and other animals) in the water would have been buried veryquickly. The sifting debris within these currents would haveproduced the fine-layered sediment we see. And these layerswould have quickly begun to harden because of their high mineralcontent. So, a worldwide flood would explain the evidencebillions of well-preserved fish fossils all over the earth. 11. Fossilized miners leg within a boot. Fossilized modern hat.I also need to mention that observable science shows that fossils androcks can form much more quickly than evolution teaches us. A sparkplug, dating perhaps as far back as 1950 (thats A.D.) was foundencased in a solid rock. Obviously, that rock formed in less than 100years. And a miners hat was found that could not have been morethan a couple hundred years old, but it had literally turned to rock.There are many other examples showing that, given the rightconditions, fossils and rocks can form and harden quickly. 12. Quotation from ScientistsFossilization is a process that cantake anything from a few hours tomillions of years. The amount oftime that it takes for a bone tobecome completely permineralizedis highly variable. If groundwater isheavily laden with minerals insolution, the process can happenrapidly. Modern bones that fall intomineral springs can becomepermineralized within a matter ofweeks.Philip J. Currie and Eva B.Koppelhus, 101 Questions aboutDinosaurs, Dover Publications, 1998,pg. 11. Bone fossilized in leatherboot. 13. Fossil GraveyardsHere we see afossilized schoolof barracudas.Obviously, thisseems to indicaterapid burial aswould all fossilgraveyards.Evolutionists use fossils buried within multiple rock layersas evidence that fossilization is a slow and gardualprocess. Fossil graveyards, however, strongly refute thisbelief. A fossil graveyard is a large collection of fossilsfound in one place. These graveyards are found allover the world. Lets look at two examples and see howthey are strong evidence against evolutions claims. 14. In Russia, more than 300 pareiasaurskeletons were found buried together- instanding position, with their heads up. Now,evolutionists claim that a centimeter of rocklayer is equal to about 1,000 years. Usingthis method of dating, they estimate that thepareiasaurs were buried about 260 millionyears ago. But, using the same rock-layerdating method, it would have had to havetaken about ten thousand years for thepareiasaurs to be buried. I cannot imaginethat they stayed standing there, with theirheads up, for ten thousand years, justwaiting to be completely buried. No, its clearthat the layers had to have been laid down ina matter of hours, or even minutes. Thisfossil graveyard point to a quick, catastrophicburial only a few thousand years ago. 15. In Peru, more than 300 whalefossils were found buriedtogether with in a 370-acrearea. According to evolutionsslow-and-gradual rockformation, these whales wereburied over a period of twomillion years. But this doesnot agree with the evidence.When a whale dies, scavengers quickly attack it and it decays.But these fossilized whales were well-preserved and theskeletons were mostly intact. There was no evidence of normaldecay. It would take rapid burial, in a matter of weeks (notyears), to explain the evidence. This contradicts evolutionsmillions of years of slow-and-gradual fossil formation, but itupholds the Bibles declaration of a worldwide flood. 16. Quotation from ScientistIn 1981, atheist evolutionary scientist Dr.Derek Ager who was Presidentof the British Geological Society wrote about his observation of thegeological record and came to the conclusion that it was forphilosophical reasons that castastrophism was avoided as aninterpretation of the rock layers and fossils. Catastrophism is the ideathat rock layers and fossils were laid down and formed as a result ofsome catastrophic event. He wrote, My excuse for this lengthy andamateur digression into history is that I have been trying to showhow I think geology got into the hands of the theoreticians whowere conditioned by social and political history of their day morethan by observations in the fieldIn other words, we have allowedourselves to be brain-washed into avoiding any interpretation ofthe past that involves extreme and what might be termedcastastrophic processes (like a worldwide flood)! He neverthelessclung to millions of years but allowed for periodic castastrophies.Derek Ager, The Nature of the Stratigraphical Record, Macmillan,1981, pg. 46-47. 17. Living FossilsEvolutionists claim that the fossil record laid down in therock layers supports their theory of millions of years of slow,gradual change. But living fossils loudly refute this claim.Living fossils are plants and animals that were, at one time,believed to have been extinct for hundreds of millions ofyears (according to evolutions time scale). But these sameplants and animals were then discovered still living today.Examples include the coelacanth fish (believed byevolutionists to have existed for 340 million years- picturedabove), Gingko trees (125 million years), the Wollemi Pine(150 million years). 18. .Fossilized horsecrab Fossilized sea turtleThere are other plants and animals that are common today. Butwith the discovery of supposedly very old fossils of these plantsand animals, scientists now classify them as living fossils.Examples include crocodiles (believed by evolutionists to haveexisted for 140 million years), horsehoe crabs (200 million years),Neophilia molluscs (500 million years), cockroaches (250 millionyears), sea turtles (110 million years), and the list goes on. 19. So, according to somescience websites, fossilsprovide a record of evolution(which means one kind ofanimal changing into another).But the continually growing listof living fossils provides arecord of no change.A turtle is still a turtle after 110 million years (accordingto evolutions time-scale), a cockroach is still acockroach after 250 million years, a fish is still a fishafter 340 million years, and a mollusc is still a molluscafter half a billion years! This contradicts evolutionsmillions of years of slow and gradual change, butupholds what the Bible says- that God created all thingsaccording to their kind about 6,000 years ago. 20. ConclusionEven though theyboth have thesame evidence,the two scientifictheoriesconcerning theformation of fossilsare vastlydifferent. So,which one reallyexplains theevidence better? 21. The billions of well-preserved fossil fish all over theworld cannot be explained by evolutions slow-and-gradualformation of fossils and rock layers. But, ahuge global flood, dumping tons of sand and silt intothe oceans and burying the fish quickly, would producebillions of fossil fish buried in rock layers all over theearth.Effects of a tsunami 22. The many fossilgraveyards we findaround the worldcannot be explainedby evolutions slow-and-gradualformation of fossilsand rock layers.Based on the condition and position of the fossilsthemselves, the rock layers they are buried in simply cannotrepresent millions of years. But a huge global floodsweeping across continents would have quickly buriedthese groups of animals, leaving them to fossilize in thequick-hardening sediment layers. 23. Wollemia is a genus of coniferous tree inthe family Araucariaceae. Wollemia wasonly known through fossil records untilthe Australianspecies Wollemianobilis was discovered in 1994 in atemperate rainforest wilderness area ofthe Wollemi National Park in New SouthWales, in a remote series of narrow,steep-sided sandstone gorge 150kilometres north-west of Sydney.*The living fossils we find all over the world defy hundreds ofmillions of years of evolution (change).Instead, they support what the Bible says, that all things werecreated after their kind, about 6,000 years ago. One-celledorganisms did not evolve into the variety of life we see today.Fish have always been fish, reptiles have always been reptiles,and people have always been people.*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollemia 24. (Polystrata fossils like this tree trunkrun through many layers of so-calledthousands of years of rocklayers. This fossil could not haveformed slowly like evolutionistsexplain, nor could the rock layersbeen laid down slowly. Only rapidfossil and rock layer formation makeany sense of these types of fossils.)The fossil evidence simply does not support evolutionsbelief in a slow-and-gradual fossil and rock formation. Itdoes not support millions of years of evolution. Thefossils we find buried in rock layers all over the earth areoverwhelming evidence of a quick, massive burial in aworldwide flood. The evidence makes better sense whenwe begin with what the Bible calls a Worldwide Flood. 25. ReferencesText: John and Lisa Fox, Challenging Dr. E.V.Lution-The Creation Science Club, Xulon Press, 2008, pg.117-123. Copyright@2008 by John and Lisa Fox.Photos: Google Images.I recommend interested parents or teachers shouldobtain the whole series of five The Creation ScienceClub books written by John and Lisa Fox as a goodinvestment for your childs or schools library.For educational and informational purposes only. 26. Challenging Dr. E.V. Lution Paperback September 13, 2008by John and Lisa Fox (Author)IT'S TIME FOR A REMATCH! Thirteen-year-old David Avila hasgrown up believing that the Bible is true. But once again, hiseighth grade honors science class is bringing him face-to-facewith the seemingly unstoppable giant-the theory of evolution.David and the Creation Science Club are teaming up for a newadventure. Together, along with a mysterious, secret friend, theCSC searches back through recorded history, looks intoscience's most recent fossil-finds, and even goes on adangerous treasure hunt in Argentina. Their goal is to collectscientific stones of truth so they can, once again, meet anddefeat the giant-evolution. Join the Creation Science Club inlearning real-life scientific evidence that refutes evolution andupholds the truth of the Word of God.http://www.churchmall.ca/item/john-and-lisa-fox/challenging-dr-e-v-lution/250522.html