fort fisher state historic site to host world war ii ... · the men shaving or the mosqui-toes...

F O R T F I S H E R

S T A T E

H I S T O R I C S I T E

S U M M E R 2 0 1 8 V O L U M E 1 0 , I S S U E 1

S P E C I A L P O I N T S

O F

I N T E R E S T

Fort Fisher to host

WW II program

(page 1)

From the site

manager (page 2)

A true friends

retires (page 3)

Meet Fort Fisher’s

2018 Mary

Holloway Seasonal

Interpreter (page

8)

I N S I D E T H I S

I S S U E :

Meet the Fort

Fisher cannon

crew 4

Col. Lamb returns

to Fort Fisher and

other news of

1893

7

Join the Friends of Fort Fisher

9

Did you know Fort Fisher

has the dubious distinction of

playing an important role in

two major military conflicts?

One only needs to consider

the vast array of books written

on the subject to realize that

Fort Fisher played a pivotal

part in America’s Civil War.

But the story doesn’t end

there. More than 75 years after

the end of the Civil War, Fort

Fisher saw another infiltration

of soldiers, this time as an ac-

tive antiaircraft artillery training

post for Camp Davis during

World War II.

Sure, the antiaircraft train-

ing sessions took place on the

coast, but make no mistake, it

wasn’t always a particularly

pleasant place to work for Un-

cle Sam. Asked of his recollec-

tion of time spent at Fort Fish-

er, Samuel Macintyre of the

557th AA, Battery C said quite

simply, “Sand, Sand, Sand.” In his

history of the 558th AAA (AW),

Bill Drobinch stated “If nothing

else hardened the men, at least

the mosquitoes did. In the

morning, the insects gathered in

humming waves in the crowded

latrines.”

It was a daily challenge to see

who would outlast the other--

the men shaving or the mosqui-

toes sucking them dry.

Irritants aside, at its height,

Fort Fisher could handle three

battalions on a six-day training

rotation.

Between the post’s opening

in 1941 and its closing in 1944,

some 43 AA Battalions trained at

Fort Fisher, despite the seeming-

ly endless cache of sand and

mosquitoes.

In observance of 77th an-

niversary of the opening of

the training post, Fort Fisher

State Historic Site will host a

two-day World War II pro-

gram September 1-2, 2018,

commemorating the fort’s

unique second-generation war

history.

Military and civilian re-

enactors will set up displays

on the old Fort Fisher airstrip

and will be available to talk

with visitors about the life of

the World War II soldier and

life on the home front and the

roles women played in the

march towards victory.

Visitors can learn about

military uniforms, weapons,

and communications equip-

ment.

Program is free and open to the public

Fort Fisher State Historic Site to host World War II program Sept. 1-2, 2018

The Powder Magazine

Continued on page 10

P A G E 2

T H E P O W D E R M A G A Z I N E

From the site manager, Jim Steele... Dear Friends:

Summertime is here at Fort Fisher! It has been hot and humid, but that has not slowed down the constant flow of visitors into the historic site, and that is the way we like it. Each and every one of our guests is important and can ex-pect a rewarding experience when they visit the Gibraltar of the South. This summer we have some great seasonal

help too. Joe, Isaac, Emily, and Ashley are terrific young people who are doing a fine job here, giving guided tours of the fort, performing historic weapons demonstrations, running the gift shop, and giving all around good visitor service. We are happy to have them here, so look for them when you visit and you’ll be glad you did. In other news, you will recall that the historic site and the Friends of Fort Fisher have been working through the

process of advance planning for a new interpretive center and reconstructed earthworks. Well that is complete. In March 2018, the architectural firm ClarkNexsen released the “Fort Fisher Visitor Center Advanced Planning Final Re-port,” and we are now ready for the next steps. Soon we will sign a contract for detailed design of the new facilities

including schematics and construction documents. The NC General Assembly has appropriated Fort Fisher some

funds for building the new interpretive center and earthworks, but we need to raise significantly more before we can break ground.

The Friends of Fort Fisher will be launching a capital campaign in the near future and will lobby for more state funds to ensure this project can be completed. This is where you can help us. The Friends need a large and strong organization of supporters to be successful. If you wish to see Fort Fisher be all it can be, to enjoy an exhibit gallery three times the size of the current one, to walk the ramparts of reconstructed gun chambers and traverses, please

join the Friends of Fort Fisher today. It is a great way to be involved and support our efforts to better serve you and our visiting public. We look forward to seeing you here soon! Thank you,

Jim Steele

Brunswicktown-Fort Anderson State Historic Site manager Jim McKee addresses members of the NCDOT Board of Transportation during a recent visit the Board made to Fort Fisher in late June. Fort Fisher site manager Jim Steele greeted DOT officials and gave a brief overview of the site’s impact on local tourism, followed by McKee’s presentation on the Reef Maker system currently being used to restore the riverbank and preserve a historic wharf at Brunswicktown-Fort Anderson.


P A G E 3

Mr. Paul Laird, executive director

of the Friends of Fort Fisher, retired

on June 1, 2018. Paul’s affiliation with

Fort Fisher began in the 1970s when

he was a student at UNCW and par-

ticipated in field schools with Fort

Fisher’s Underwater Archaeology

Branch. Since then, Fort Fisher has

been a core part of his personal and

professional life.

In the mid-1990s, Paul was instru-

mental in saving the remnants of Fort

Fisher from ongoing oceanfront ero-

sion. Primarily because of his efforts,

the US Army Corps of Engineers in-

stalled a massive stone revetment

along the adjacent coastline. Running

over 1,000 yards in length, the struc-

ture ensures that Fort Fisher is pre-

served for future generations.

For many years, Paul was a direc-

tor of the Fort Fisher Restoration

Committee, the predecessor of the

Friends of Fort Fisher. In 2008, the

newly-named Friends determined that

the support group needed a full-time

executive director to restructure the

organization, and to help make Fort

Fisher the premier Civil War site in

the country. Paul accepted the job and

since then has turned the Friends into

a dynamic, membership-based non-

profit and one of the most effective

support groups working with the NC

Department of Natural and Cultural

Resources.

Paul’s accomplishments on behalf of

Fort Fisher are so many it is impossible

to recount them all. Noteworthy was

his work to make Fort Fisher’s 150th

anniversary commemoration the great-

est event in the site’s history with rec-

ord-setting attendance. But most im-

portantly, Paul led Fort Fisher’s charge

to build a new interpretive center and

rebuild earthworks destroyed by

World War II-era construction. Begin-

ning in 2009, Paul spearheaded strate-

gic and master planning for the site.

These plans were the groundwork for

the recently-completed Advanced

Planning Report, which lays out a new

vision for Fort Fisher and conceptual-

izes new facilities for the site. And Paul

has ensured the NC General Assembly

appropriated funds for the anticipated

structures. Detailed design and construc-

tion documents are in the works, and we

expect Paul will soon be breaking ground

here with a gold shovel.

Over the years Paul has been steadfast

in his advocacy for Fort Fisher and the

Friends. Everything he did furthered the

interests of the historic site and its con-

stituents. And Paul has been a good friend

to all the staff and volunteers at Fort Fish-

er. Working with him has been a genuine

pleasure, and his enthusiasm for Fort Fish-

er much appreciated. Paul’s leadership of

the Friends will be missed, and his succes-

sor (currently being sought) will have big

shoes to fill. But Paul will remain a part of

the Fort Fisher family. In a different capac-

ity, he will help achieve our vision for Fort

Fisher, to bring about its full potential to

educate and inspire our visitors. All staff

at Fort Fisher will miss him, and we thank

him and wish him well.

Paul Laird—a true Friend of Fort Fisher—retires

At a casual, oversimplified

glance, firing a field cannon seems

simple. Some even think you simply

light a fuse, cover your ears, and

run away. After all, that’s the way

it’s often depicted on sitcoms and

Saturday cartoons.

In the real world, it requires

several highly-trained crew mem-

bers, each with their own set of

unique responsibilities, to safely

prep, load, aim, and fire a period

cannon. Because in the end, the

safety of visitors and crew members

is paramount. Here’s how it works:

Person #1 holds a wooden staff

with a woolen sponge on one end

and a wooden block call the ram-

mer on the other. On the com-

mand “Search the Piece,” he wets

the sponge and inserts it into the

cannon to extinguish any possible

sparks that could be in the bore.

On the command “Load,” he repeats

the sponging, notifies the #2 man he is

ready for the charge to be loaded by

tapping the muzzle of the cannon.

Once the charge is placed in the muz-

zle, he uses the rammer to push the

charge to the breech (or back) of the

cannon, to “set the load.”

Person #2 holds a staff with an iron

corkscrew-like device called the worm.

On the command “Search the Piece,”

he inserts the worm into the bore to

draw out any material that might hin-

der the insertion of the next round. If

the piece has been fired, there might

be left over material from the previous

charge; if the piece has been sitting idle

there could be any number of things

found in the bore (including birds’

nests!) At the command “Load,“ Per-

son #2 takes the charge from Person

#5 (the powder monkey) and, after

being notified by Person #1 he is

ready, places the charge in the muzzle,

loading the piece.

Person #3 uses a leather thumbstall

and a brass wire known as a vent pick.

The thumbstall is like a leather glove pro-

tecting the left thumb used this to “tend

vent.” Person #3 must keep his thumb

over the vent whenever Person #1 and

Person #2 are in front of the muzzle.

Having the vent closed when using the

sponge also creates a vacuum that helps

to extinguish any spark that might be in

the barrel.

After the round is seated in the

breech, Person #3 assists the Gunner in

moving the cannon carriage left or right

to adjust for windage.

Finally, Person #3, at the command of

“Ready,” inserts the brass pick into the

vent to puncture the powder bag and

ensure the powder is exposed to the

friction primer. Now we’re getting close

to the anticipated moment!!

P A G E 4

annoneer’s

C orner


Photos by Michael A. Brown

Person #2 who will grab the black

powder charge from his haversack.

Then there’s the Gunner. The gun-

ner is the person responsible for issu-

ing all commands, “Search the piece,”

“Load,” “Ready,” “Fire,” and “Secure

the piece” following the firing. The

gunner also has the responsibility of

aiming the piece. He will instruct Per-

son #3 which direction to move the

carriage. The Gunner will use a remov-

able pendulum sight at the rear of the

cannon and a fixed post at the muzzle,

to aim the piece by sight. To increase

or decrease the distance of the shot, he

will adjust the muzzle by raising or low-

ering the tube using a screw-like device

beneath the breech of the cannon. Given

this huge responsibility, the Gunner

must utilize mathematics, science, and

experience to precisely aim the field

piece and get the round

on target.

An interesting thing

to note here is that

ANYONE on the gun

crew can (and should)

yell, “Cease Fire!” if

they see something

wrong—or even per-

ceive something to be

wrong—before the

command to “Fire” is

issued. In short, any-

thing that qualifies as a threat to the

safety of the gun crew and those wit-

nessing the firing warrants a cease fire.

And that includes monitoring where

the visiting public stands to take photo-

graphs!


Person #4 holds the lanyard used for

firing the piece. The other end of the

lanyard is attached a friction primer. The

friction primer is a small brass tube filled

with fine grade powder and a brass ring.

At the command “Ready,” he nserts the

friction primer when Person #3 is ready.

At the command “Fire,”

he pulls on the lanyard

yanking out the brass ring

from the friction prim-

mer. The resulting friction

causes the powder to

ignite, sending the flame

down the vent and igniting

the main powder charge

in the cannon.

Person #5, considered

the “powder monkey,”

stands behind the limber

chest and is the person responsible for

getting the charge from the limber chest

to the cannon. To do this, he has a leath-

er bag, or haversack, to carry the round

safely forward. After leaving the limber

chest, he first takes the round to the

Gunner for inspection, then proceeds to

P A G E 5

P A G E 6


2018 Mary Holloway Seasonal Interpreter

Joe Donohoe 1. Where are you originally from

and what brought you to the Cape

Fear area? I am originally from Mystic,

Connecticut. When I was 12 years old,

my family moved to Salisbury, North

Carolina to be closer with my maternal

grandparents. While attending high

school at Salisbury High, I was accepted

into the University of North Carolina at

Wilmington. I have lived in the Lower

Cape Fear Region for four years now

and have enjoyed every minute.

2. Briefly tell us about your educa-

tion. I enrolled at the University of

North Carolina Wilmington in the Fall

semester of 2014 where I pursued de-

grees in political science and history. I

focused my studies on public admin-

istration, political theory, American

Civil War History and Russian History.

I graduated from UNCW this past May.

3. What's your first memory of

Fort Fisher and what was your

first impression of the site? The

first time I visited Fort Fisher was the

Summer of 2016 for one of Dr. (Chris)

Fonvielle’s history classes. I was hooked

on the history of the place after learn-

ing the importance of the fort and the

role it played in protecting Wilmington

and Confederate Blockade Runners.

4. Briefly tell us who Mary Hol-

loway was and why you’ve as-

sumed her name. Mary Holloway was

a former interpreter at Fort Fisher. She

had a passion for local history and shared

that passion through living history and

performing guided tours in period cloth-

ing. It is my hope that I can carry on her

legacy this summer by sparking an inter-

est in our visitor’s minds.

5. When people, friends, or ac-

quaintances find out you’re an in-

terpreter at Fisher, what do they

say or ask you? The most common

questions friends ask are, “Are you

the guy that dresses up in funny

clothes?” “Do you get to shoot the

musket?” “Aren’t you hot in that uni-

form?” “Do you get to work with the

fish?” (mistakenly thinking I work for

the aquarium).

6. What has surprised you the

most about being the Mary Hol-

loway Seasonal Interpreter? I am

surprised by how many people think

the phone number for Fort Fisher

State Historic Site is the universal

number for every facility that bears

Fort Fisher’s name.

7. Tell us about someone who

influenced your interest in histo-

ry. The person that has most influ-

enced my interest in history is proba-

bly my mother. She, too, loves history

and bought me numerous books about

the American Revolution and the Civil

War when I was a child. She further

strengthened my history interests by

taking me to battlefield sites like Lexing-

ton and Concord as well as Gettysburg.

My imagination soared when I thought

about all the fighting that occurred on

those battlefields.

8. What do you like to do in your

spare time? In my spare time I enjoy

exploring the outdoors. I like going on

backpacking and camping trips with close

friends and family. I prefer to relax in the

evening by cooking dinner and watching

crime shows on Netflix.

9. Who are two of your favorite

authors (one historical and one

contemporary), and what are you

presently reading (other than this

questionnaire)? My favorite historical

author would have to be John Steinbeck.

The first book I read written by Stein-

beck was Of Mice and Men. I enjoy read-

ing about the migrant “Okie” farmers,

who are often the subjects of his novels.

I would say my favorite Steinbeck book

is The Grapes of Wrath. My favorite con-

temporary author is Susan Collins (who

wrote the Hunger Games trilogy). I am

currently reading From Cape Charles to

Cape Fear: The North Atlantic Blockading

Squadron during the Civil War by Robert

M. Browning.

10. What’s your tour/work sched-

ule? I work every week from Wednes-

day to Sunday and can be seen giving

tours and musket demonstrations

throughout the day.

11. What’s one word that describes

you well? Traditional

12. What’s the last thing you

Googled? David Dixon Porter

Joe Donohoe


.

P A G E 7

In June of 1893, Colonel William Lamb

of Norfolk, Virginia, the former Confeder-

ate commander of Fort Fisher, returned

to Wilmington, North Carolina at the

behest of the United Confederate Veter-

ans. It was the initial public meeting of the

newly formed Camp 254 and only the

second time that the fifty-seven-year-old

colonel had returned to Wilmington since

the war. He’d been summoned to deliver

a paper on the definitive account of, “The

Defense and Capture of Fort Fisher”.

Both the Wilmington Messenger and the

Wilmington Morning Star covered Lamb’s

visit and address and there were several

notices, articles and follow-ups through-

out the week. The speech was well publi-

cized, patronized and highly praised and

while that may very well be true, a perusal

of the newspapers for that week, Sunday

the 11th through Saturday the 17th,

showed there were numerous newswor-

thy events (both far and wide) competing

for reader’s interest. Three of the stories

were huge, with daily updates, yet some

of the lesser happenings were nearly as

compelling.

First off, in New Bedford Massachu-

setts, there was considerable publicity

surrounding the thirty-two-year-old spin-

ster, Lizzie Borden, who was on trial, sus-

pected of hacking her father and step-

mother to death with a hatchet. Following

her acquittal, it would be conjectured that

the sing-song rhyme, “Lizzie Borden took

an axe /And gave her mother forty

whacks. / When she saw what she had

done, / She gave her father forty-one,” was

composed and announced on the streets

by solicitous paper boys to entice their

audience while precociously hawking their

wares.

In the nation’s capital, there was anoth-

er big story - an ongoing investigation into

the June 9th collapse of Ford’s Theatre. At

the time, the building was serving as a gov-

ernment warehouse and twenty-two War

Department clerks had been killed and

over three score injured when the front of

the structure gave way. It did not come as

a complete surprise as the integrity of the

building had been scrutinized earlier and as

a precaution, important files and arti-

facts had been removed; unfortunate-

ly, the personnel were apparently

considered expendable (ironically).

Edwin Booth, the celebrated thes-

pian and older brother of the notori-

ous assassin John Wilkes Booth, (who

had murdered the sixteenth president

in this same playhouse in 1865), had

passed just days before. It was ru-

mored that he had cursed the struc-

ture and that the accident had oc-

curred at the very hour that his body

was being interred in faraway Cam-

bridge, Massachusetts.

[Aside: “One night in 1879 when

Edwin Booth was playing in Chicago

he was shot at twice by a crank

named Mark Gray. Booth saved one

of the bullets, had it mounted on a

gold cartridge and inscribed, “From

Mark Gray to Edwin Booth April 23,

1879.” If Mark had been a better

marksman the world might then have

lost its grandest actor.”]

Last, but not least, Chicago was

playing host to the World’s Fair or

the World’s Columbian Exposition as

it was being hailed, a commemoration

of the 400th anniversary of Christo-

pher Columbus’s New World discov-

ery.

Col. William Lamb Dr. Henry Howard Holmes

Lizzie Borden

June, 1893: White, black, and read all over, part 1 By Ray Flowers, Curator of History

Continued on page 8

P A G E 8


We are delighted to introduce a pair of new summer interns for 2018— Emily Fournier and Isaac Tuttle, both of whom are extremely friendly, well-qualified history majors here to help enhance the visitor’s experience at Fort

Fisher. We invite you to stop by and get to know both of them soon.

Emily Fournier Isaac Tuttle

More new faces at Fort Fisher State Historic Site

For six-months, from the first of

May through the end of October, the

“White City” comprised of 200

ephemeral buildings sprawled across

600 acres, where crowds were intro-

duced to Cream of Wheat, Juicy Fruit

chewing gum, Pabst Blue Ribbon beer,

dish washers, florescent light bulbs and

George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. ‘s

264-foot-tall Ferris Wheel. In all, forty-

six countries participated while an

astounding twenty-seven million visi-

tors would attend. The world was

astonished as Chicago rose Phoenix-

like from the ashes of the “Great Fire

of 1871.”

Simultaneously, just three miles

west of the fair, Dr. Henry Howard

Holmes’ block-long hotel was also in the

ascension. With a recent third-floor ad-

dition, H. H. Holmes’ “Murder Castle”

would soon become the setting and resi-

dence for what was possibly America’s

most prolific serial killer.

Colonel Lamb arrived in Wilmington

at 6 p.m. on Tuesday the 13th where he

and his twenty-year-old daughter Madge

and seventeen-year-old son Harry were

received at the Front street depot by

the committee of arrangements of the

Cape Fear Camp Confederate Veterans,

where they were escorted by carriage to

the Orton, Wilmington’s finest hotel.

Later in the evening, Lamb and his chil-

dren paid a call on Mrs. Whiting, the

widow of Major General W.H.C. Whit-

ing whom Harry was named after. “She

seemed pleased to see us…”

Earlier that morning, near the A.C.L.

freight depot, a team of horses pulling a

wagon had suddenly bolted. “They ran

down Nutt and Water to Chestnut, up

Chestnut to Second, and down that street

to Perry’s stables, on the corner of Prin-

cess, where they were secured.” The driv-

er was unhurt but, “the wagon was

smashed to pieces.”

The Wilmington Morning Star was run-

ning a promotion: For ten cents and four

“Star” coupons, readers could select any

three of thirty-two titles – postage paid.

First on the list was none other than Haw-

thorne’s The Scarlet Letter.

Interestingly, at West Point in the grad-

uating class of fifty-one, the two cadets

who placed second and fourth were both

from North Carolina.

June, 1893: White, black, and read all over, part 1

Continued from page 7

Stay tuned for Part 2 of this story in the Fall 2018 edition of The Powder Magazine

P A G E 9


MEMBERSHIP ENROLLMENT FORM

Name__________________________________________

Address_________________________________________

________________________________________

City___________________________________________

State________________ Zip________________________

Telephone_______________________________________

Email___________________________________________

□ New □ Renewal

All society memberships are based on a calendar year (Jan-

Dec). Contributions are tax deductible, less the fair market

value of goods and services received.

If you choose to waive your membership benefits, your contri-

bution is fully tax-deductible.

□ I wish to waive my society membership benefits

□ I will be an Annual Society Member

Mail to: Friends of Fort Fisher

1610 Fort Fisher Blvd., Kure Beach, N.C. 28449

Membership Categories

Palisade Society $40 ____________

Mounds Society $100 ____________

Blockade Runner Society $250 ____________

Gibraltar of the South Society $500 ____________

Col. Charles F. Fisher Society $1000 ____________

Payment □ Cash □ Check □ Credit Card Make checks payable to Friends of Fort Fisher

□ VISA □ MasterCard □ Discover

Name on Card____________________________________

Account #_______________________________________

Expiration Date_____________3-digit security code_______

Signature___________________________Date_________

Join the Friends of Fort Fisher

Payments or donations may be made securely on our website www.friendsoffortfisher.com

MEMBERSHIP CATEGORIES

Palisade Society $40

Mounds Society $100

Blockade Runner Society $250

Gibraltar of the South Society $500

Col. Charles F. Fisher Society $1000

BENEFITS

Palisade Society – basic level of annual support includes attractive

decal and member card, listing in The Powder Magazine quarterly

newsletter, 10% discount on all purchases from our Fort Fisher

Museum Shop and invitations to member only events

Mounds Society - level of annual support includes all of the above

benefits plus one complimentary honorarium or memorial in

one issue of The Powder Magazine newsletter

Blockade Runner Society - level of annual support includes all of

the above benefits plus a 6”x 9” engraved brick paver on Fort

Fisher’s Walk of Honor

Gibraltar of the South Society - level of annual support which

includes all of the above benefits except a larger 9” x 9”

engraved brick paver, and a specially selected book annually

from the Museum Shop

Col. Charles F. Fisher Society - level of annual support which

includes all of the benefits of the Gibraltar level except the

engraved brick paver is a permanent beautiful blue/gray 12” x

12” stone and may include an engraved emblem or logo

Other ways to contribute:

Memorial and Honor Gifts, Artifact Donations, In-Kind Gifts,

Volunteers, Named Gift Opportunities, Bequests – Contact the

Friends Executive Director for information


Fort Fisher State Historic Site 1610 Fort Fisher Blvd. South Kure Beach, NC 28449 Phone: (910) 251-7340 E-mail: [email protected] www.nchistoricsites.org/fisher

Fort Fisher Staff

James C. Steele, Site Manager John Moseley, Assistant Site Manager Becky Sawyer, Collections Mng./Interpreter III Ray Flowers, Historic Interpreter II Si Lawrence, Public Info & Special Events William S. Register, Chief of Police David Sheaffer, Maintenance Manager Jesse Hoskins, Site Assistant

P A G E 1 0

This newsletter was proudly produced with

support from the Friends of Fort Fisher

Friends of Fort Fisher Board of Directors:

John M. Coble, Chairman

Dennis St. Andrew, Vice Chairman Harry Parham, Treasurer

M. Tyrone Rowell , Secretary Brig. Gen. (Ret) James Carper, Past Chair

Kyle Berzina Ed Halloran

James Johnson Geoffrey Losee Mike McCarley Mark McLamb Norm Melton

Brian Nunnally, Ph.D. David Rice

Don Saunders Richard Wallace

Denis White James Steele, III {ex officio}

Paul Laird, {ex officio}

Web: www.friendsoffortfisher.com

Continued from page 1

For a modest donation, visitors can also take a chauffeured

ride in an authentic World War II jeep. In addition, special

guests have been invited to speak in the site’s auditorium that

day, although program components are subject to change. Ex-

plore the little known history and role of Fort Fisher during

World War II in the lower Cape Fear area. The program runs

from 10 am to 4:00 pm Saturday and 12 to 4 pm Sunday and is

free to the public, thanks to the generous support of the

Friends of Fort Fisher, New Hanover County, the town of

Carolina Beach, and the town of Kure Beach. For more infor-

mation on the program, please call the site at 910-251-7340.

Fort Fisher to host free World War II program Sept 1-2, 2018

fort fisher state historic site to host world war ii ... · the men shaving or the mosqui-toes...

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