formal framework for modeling and validating simulink diagrams

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Under consideration for publication in Formal Aspects of Computing A Formal Framework for Modeling and Validating Simulink Diagrams Chunqing Chen, Jin Song Dong and Jun Sun Computer Science, School of Computing, National University of Singapore Abstract. Simulink has been widely used in industry to model and simulate embedded systems. With the increasing usage of embedded systems in real-time safety-critical situations, Simulink becomes deficient to analyze (timing) requirements with high-level assurance. In this article, we apply Timed Interval Calculus (TIC), a real-time specification language, to complement Simulink with TIC formal verification capability. We elaborately construct TIC library functions to model Simulink library blocks which are used to compose Simulink diagrams. Next, Simulink diagrams are automatically transformed into TIC models which preserve functional and timing aspects. Important requirements such as timing bounded liveness can be precisely specified in TIC for whole diagrams or some components. Lastly, validation of TIC models can be rigorously conducted with a high degree of automation using a generic theorem prover. Our framework can enlarge the design space by representing environment properties to open systems, and handle complex diagrams as the analysis of continuous and discrete behavior is supported. Keywords: Simulink, Real-Time Specification, Z Language, Formal Verification 1. Int roduct ion Simulink [Mat08b] is a graphical environment used widely to model and simulate embedded systems. A Simulink diagram is formed by connecting blocks with wires, and represents a set of mathematical relation- ships which model system behavior over time. Simulink adopts continuous-time semantics [JS05] to support dynamic systems such as hybrid control systems. Its simulation facility allows system behavior to be visually observed for specific parameter values over specific simulation periods. However, simulations are deficient in checking system behavior for infinite parameter values or over infinite simulation periods. In addition, open systems whose exact input functions are usually unknown are unanalyzable in Simulink because simulations are inapplicable to these systems. Moreover, Simulink lacks timing analysis which becomes necessary due to an increasing usage of embedded systems in real-time safety-critical situations [Pnu02]. Recently, formal methods have received more attention for improving the development of embedded real- time systems by their rigorous semantics and formal verification capability [Wan04, HS06]. In this article, we Correspondence and offprint requests to: Chunqing Chen, Computing 1, Law Link, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore. E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: +6565162834. Fax: +6567794580

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