formal elements and principals of design

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  • 7/25/2019 Formal Elements and Principals of Design

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    Formal Elements of Design (What makes a

    Line: Geometrically: any two points make a line, line also refers to the outside boushape curved or otherwise also independent of shapes can be thought of as an op

    Plane: Geometrically flat surface

    Shape: Generally 2 - dimensional form - positive, negative, convex, concave, boun

    Mass / Volume: 3 - dimensional form, occupies Space

    Space: Three dimensional space independent of what occupies it; absolute space

    Value: Range from Light to Dark, an infinite gradient. Often used to give the illusiovolume to otherwise 2-dimensional shapes.

    Plasticity: Generally refers to changing qualities. In art and design it specifically re

    which a surface volume interacts with light to produce Value

    Texture: The tactile qualities of a physical surface, can be expressed 2-dimension

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    Principles of Formal Design

    (How the elements come together)

    Scale: Generally as it relates to the human body, hand(small), human(medium), colos

    Harmony/Discord: Enthalpy/entropy order or disorder, resolution of forces in oppositio

    Contrast/Variety: If the picture plane is infinite in its disorder the designer creates by dplane and the quality of the design is often dependent on the judicious and disciplined

    elements.

    Rhythm/Repetition: Rhythm is the result of repetition: Duplication of forms, AlternatingSequencing of forms

    Dominance/Recession: A dominant element needs recessive elements for the sake oThere is no dramatic height without a receding valley.

    Continuity: organization of elements, flow from one elements to the next, relies again

    Balance: Symmetrical - same elements or number of elements with equal number and

    Asymmetrical: equal visual weight in disparate elements (three small shapes balancesshape).

    Proportion: relative size, composition, visual weight of elements dependent on many

    forms in question.