Why do we need food?Why do we need food?

To provide energyTo provide energy To growTo grow To repair worn-out or damaged To repair worn-out or damaged

tissuestissues To maintain general healthTo maintain general health

To state the types of nutritionTo state the types of nutrition To explain autotrophic nutritionTo explain autotrophic nutrition To explain heterotrophic nutritionTo explain heterotrophic nutrition To classify organisms according to To classify organisms according to

the types of nutritionthe types of nutrition

Types

Autotroph Heterotroph

Diet

Balanced In balance

Humans and Animals

Digestion

RodentsRuminant

Humans

Absorption and

assimilation Defaecation

Plants Technology

Production

Processing

Macronutrient Micronutrient

MechanismFactors

Photosynthesis

Temperature

Photosynthesis

Chemosynthesis

Holozoic

Saprophytism

Parasitism

Hydroponics and Aeroponics

Selective breeding

Tissue culture

Genetic engineering

Soil Management

Biological control

Nutrient requirement

Light intensity

Concentration of Carbon Dioxide

Cooking

Canning

Freezing

Pasteurization

Fermentation

Drying

NUTRITION

Nutrition : a process by which organisms obtain food or nutrients

AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITIONAUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION A type of nutrition in which organisms A type of nutrition in which organisms

synthesise the organic compounds synthesise the organic compounds (food) they require from inorganic (food) they require from inorganic substances.substances.

The organisms The organisms autotrophs autotrophs (auto = self, (auto = self, troph = nutrition)troph = nutrition)

The energy required for synthesis of The energy required for synthesis of food food sunlight ( sunlight (photosynthesis) @ ) @ chemical substances (chemical substances (chemosynthesis))

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesisAll green plantAll green plant

Synthesising organic Synthesising organic compounds from COcompounds from CO22 & H & H22O in O in

the presence of sunlight.the presence of sunlight.

ChemosynthesisChemosynthesis Synthesising organic compounds Synthesising organic compounds

by using energy from the oxidation by using energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances such as of inorganic substances such as COCO22, hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen or , hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen or ammonia.ammonia.

Chemoautotroph : Chemoautotroph : sulphur bacteria, sulphur bacteria, Nitrosomonas spNitrosomonas sp., Nitrobacter sp.., Nitrobacter sp.

HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITIONHETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION A type of nutrition in which A type of nutrition in which

organisms have to depend an organisms have to depend an autotrophs or other organisms autotrophs or other organisms as a source of energy as they as a source of energy as they cannot synthesise their own cannot synthesise their own foodfood

The organisms The organisms heterotrophsheterotrophs 3 types : holozoic, 3 types : holozoic,

saprophytism, parasitismsaprophytism, parasitism

HOLOZOIC NUTRITIONHOLOZOIC NUTRITION

Feeding by ingesting complex Feeding by ingesting complex organic matter organic matter digested digested absorbedabsorbed

Animals & insectivorous plantsAnimals & insectivorous plants

SAPROPHYTISM SAPROPHYTISM NUTRITIONNUTRITION

Feeding by Feeding by absorbing their required absorbing their required nutrients from dead organic matter nutrients from dead organic matter or theor the organic excretory waste organic excretory waste of of organismsorganisms

Called Called saprophytessaprophytes (bacteria, fungi (bacteria, fungi – mushrooms, yeasts & – mushrooms, yeasts & Mucor spMucor sp.).)

Feeding by Feeding by absorbing their nutrients from absorbing their nutrients from living organismsliving organisms

Lives on or in the bodyLives on or in the body of a living organism of a living organism (host) & obtains its nutrients from the host (host) & obtains its nutrients from the host parasitesparasites

Fleas, lice & tapewormFleas, lice & tapeworm

Endoparasites & ectoparasitesEndoparasites & ectoparasites

PARASITISM PARASITISM NUTRITIONNUTRITION

EXERCISE 6.1EXERCISE 6.1

1.1. Give the difference between Give the difference between autotrophs and the heterotrophs.autotrophs and the heterotrophs.

2.2. List List threethree types of heterotrophic types of heterotrophic nutrition.nutrition.