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KGATLENG DISTRICT DEVELOPMENTPLAN 6 : 2003 – 2009
“Towards Realisation of Vision 2016: Sustainable and Diversified Development ThroughCompetitiveness in Global Markets”
KGATLENG DISTRICT COUNCILKGATLENG DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE
MINISTRY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
P24.00
REPUBLIC OF BOTSWANA
FOREWORDDDP6 is our Sixth District Development Plan. Coincidentally, it is also a six-year plan starting from the 1st April 2003 up to 31st March 2009.
The first four District Development Plans operated on a three-year time frame. DDP5 was the First District Development Plan to observe a six-year time frame aliened with the National Development Plan Eight, NDP 8. Similarly, DDP6 is aliened to NDP9.
The plan is a result of an intensive consultation with communities and other stakeholders. Therefore it reflects the aspirations and wishes of the Kgatleng community. The theme of NDP 9 is “Towards the Realisation of Vision 2016: Sustainable and Diversified Development through competitiveness in global market”. Government has made a commitment during the Mid-Term Review of National Development Plan 8 that plans should be guided by Vision 2016, which charts the development of the nation into the 21st Century. Our plan therefore will focus on projects and programmes which drive the nation towards the realisation of the pillars of Vision 2016. Of course we have other challenges that we have to face during the plan period such as HIV/AIDS, Environmental Conservation, Public Sector Reforms to name just but a few. These will also be taken on board together with Vision 2016.
However, we commence the DDP6 planning period with serious funding constraint; following our initial consultations with communities, we had to re-negotiate with the communities to reduce their project proposals by about eighty percent (80%). Compounding this problem is the decision by government to recognise environmental costs of development. This process has the effect of raising the cost of developments, in the short term.
Our challenge during the implementation of DDP6 shall be to avoid front-loading the plan. Instead, we will have t o ensure a balanced distribution of projects implemented over the entire six-year period. This is an important lesson learnt from DDP5 implementation that revealed through the midterm review exercise; I therefore call upon all the stakeholders to exercise vigilance.
Finally, I take this opportunity to thank not only those who have participated in the preparation of this plan, but also those who contributed indirectly to the entire exercise.
…………………………………..Hon Councillor Motlhagodi Molomo,COUNCIL CHAIRPERSONSEPTEMBER 2002
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TABLE OF CONTENTSForeword iTable of Contents iiAppendices xList of Tables xList of Figures and Maps xiiList of Acronyms xiii
1 DISTRICT AND PEOPLE 1
1.1 DISTRICT GEOGRAPHIC SETTING 11.1.1 Location 11.1.2 Size 11.1.3 Land Tenure 21.1.4 Economic and Communication Linkages 21.1.5 Institutional Framework 31.1.6 District Administration 31.1.7 District Council 31.1.8 Land Board 31.1.9 Tribal Administration 41.2 DISTRICT ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES 41.2.1 Climate 41.2.2 Geomorphology 41.2.3 Natural Resources 41.3 DISTRICT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 51.3.1 Socio - Cultural Characteristics 51.3.2 Population Characteristics, Density and Distribution 51.3.3 Migration 81.3.4 Population Projections and Prospects: 81.3.5 Employment and Unemployment 91.3.6 District HIV/AIDS Prevalence Status 101.4 DISTRICT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 111.4.1 Major Infrastructure Development 111.4.2 Economic Development 111.5 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PRINCIPLES 11
2 REVIEW OF THE DDP5 AND LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL 12
2.1 INTRODUCTION 122.2 ACHIEVEMENTS/OPPORTUNITIES – DDP5 122.2.1 Development Programme: 132.2.2 Policy Issues: 162.3 CONSTRAINTS/CHALLENGES IN DDP5 162.3.1 Development Programme 162.3.2 Department of Wildlife and National Parks 182.3.3 Integrated Field Services – IFS 18
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2.3.4 Agriculture – Department of Crops 182.4 LONG TERM POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS 182.4.1 Development Potential and Long Term Prospects 182.4.2 Development Constraints 192.5 LINKS TO NDP 9 THEME 20
3 DDP 6 DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 21
3.1 PLANNING FRAMEWORK 213.1.1 Vision 2016 213.1.2 National Environmental Key Issues 233.1.3 District Environmental Key Issues 233.1.4 Ministry of Local Government Strategic Plan 243.1.5 District Key Issues 243.1.6 Respective Long Term District Plans 263.2 DDP6 OVERALL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 273.2.1 Summary of Key Issues 273.2.2 DDP6 Development Goals 273.2.3 Environmental Goals 293.2.4 Framework for Monitoring Sector Goals and Objectives 303.2.5 Framework for Monitoring Environmental Goals and Objectives 323.3 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 323.3.1 Evaluation of Policies and Programmes Against Overall Goals and Objectives 34
4 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION 36
4.1 INTRODUCTION 364.1.1 Institutional Framework 364.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PRIORITY ISSUES 374.3 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATIONS 374.3.1 National Conservation Strategy 1990 374.3.2 Waste Management Act 1998 374.3.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Act (Draft) 384.3.4 Community Based Natural Resource Management 384.3.5 Wetlands Policy 2000 384.4 DDP 6 ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 384.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 394.6 PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES TO IMPLEMENT DISTRICT
ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMMES 404.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6 414.7.1 Issues (Weaknesses) and Strengths for DDP 6: 414.7.2 Performance Targets, Development Budget and Plan Monitoring 41
5 LAND USE PLANNING 43
5.1 INTRODUCTION 435.1.1 Institutional Framework 435.1.2 Strategic plans for respective Ministries on Land Use Planning 435.1.3 Land Use Planning Consultation Priorities 44
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5.2 LAND USE POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 445.2.1 National Settlement Policy 1998 445.2.2 District Settlement Strategy 455.2.3 Integrated Land Use Plans 455.3 LAND USE PLANNING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR DDP6 455.4 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT. 465.5 EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL KEY ISSUES WITH SECTOR GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES 475.5.1 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes 485.6 PROPOSED STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE LAND USE SECTOR GOALS FOR DDP6 495.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS AND PERFORMANCE TARGETS FOR DDP6: 505.7.1 Issues and Strengths 50
6 SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING 51
6.1 INTRODUCTION 516.1.1 Institutional Framework 516.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries 516.1.3 Settlement and Housing Consultation Priorities 516.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 526.2.1 National Settlement Policy 1998 526.2.2 Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy 1999 - 2023 526.2.3 Physical Development Plans 526.3 SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING 546.3.1 Settlement Patterns and Geomorphology 546.3.2 Physical Development Growth 556.3.3 Housing Demand 556.3.4 Housing Supply 556.3.5 General Infrastructure and Services 566.4 SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 566.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 576.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 576.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes 586.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES596.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6 606.7.1 Issues and Strengths 606.7.2 Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring 60
7 AGRICULTURE 61
7.1 INTRODUCTION 617.1.1 Institutional Framework 617.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries 617.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector 627.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 637.2.1 Community Based Strategy for Rural Development 1997 637.2.2 District Settlement Strategy 637.2.3 Convention on Combating Desertification 1992 637.2.4 The National Forest Policy 637.2.5 National Policy on Agricultural Development 1991 63
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7.2.6 Tribal Land Act 1968 637.2.7 Agricultural Resource Act 647.2.8 Botswana Rangeland Inventory and Management Project (BRIMP) 647.2.9 National Policy on Land Tenure 647.3 AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ACTIVITIES. 647.3.1 Crop sub sector 647.3.2 Livestock sub sector 657.3.3 Cooperatives sub sector 657.4 AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 657.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 667.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 667.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Polices and Programs 677.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES687.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT FOR DDP 6 69
8 TRADE, INDUSTRY, WILDLIFE AND TOURISM 70
8.1 INTRODUCTION 708.1.1 Institutional Framework 708.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries 708.1.3 Role of the Private Sector 718.1.4 Consultation Priorities 718.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 718.2.1 Tribal Land Act 718.2.2 CEDA 2001 718.2.3 Tourism Policy 1990 728.3 TRADE, INDUSTRY, WILDLIFE AND TOURISM SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 728.4 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 728.4.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 738.4.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes 748.5 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE TRADE, INDUSTRY, WILDLIFE AND TOURISM GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES 75
9 EDUCATION AND TRAINING 77
9.1 INTRODUCTION 779.1.1 Institutional Framework 779.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries 779.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector 789.1.4 Education and Training Consultation Priority Issues 789.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 789.2.1 Revised National Policy on Education 1994 789.3 EDUCATION 799.3.1 Schools 809.3.2 Training 859.4 EDUCATION AND TRAINING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 859.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 869.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 869.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes 879.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE EDUCATION AND TRAINING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 88
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9.6.1 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures 889.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6 89
10 HEALTH 90
10.1 INTRODUCTION 9010.1.1 The Institutional Framework 9010.1.2 Strategic Plans for respective ministries. 9010.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector 9110.1.4 Health Consultation Priorities 9210.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 9210.2.1 National Health Policy 9210.2.2 National Policy on HIV/AIDS 9210.2.3 Waste Management Act 9310.3 HEALTH 9310.3.1 Environmental Health 9310.3.2 Hospital Services 9310.3.3 Primary Health Care 9310.3.4 District Health System 9410.3.5 Control of Pandemic Diseases 9510.4 HEALTH SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 9610.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 9710.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 9710.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes 9810.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE THE HEALTH SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 10010.6.1 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measure 10010.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6 10110.7.1 Issues and Strengths: 101
11 LABOUR AND HOME AFFAIRS 105
11.1 INTRODUCTION 10511.1.1 Institutional Framework 10511.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries 10511.1.3 Role of the Private Sector 10611.1.4 Culture and Social Services Consultation Priorities 10611.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 10611.2.1 Community Based Natural Resources Management 10611.2.2 Disability Policy 10611.2.3 Policy on Destitute Persons 2002 10711.2.4 National Youth Policy1996 10711.2.5 Policy on Women and Development 1995 10711.2.6 National Library Act 1967 10711.2.7 National Registration Act 1986 10711.2.8 National Policy on Culture 2001 10711.3 LABOUR, CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICES 10711.3.1 Sports and Recreation 10711.3.2 Culture and Youth 10711.3.3 Museum 10811.3.4 National Library Services 108
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11.3.5 National and Civil Registration 10811.3.6 Information and Broadcasting 10811.3.7 NGOs and CBOs 10811.4 LABOUR, CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICE SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR
DDP6 10911.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 10911.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues With Sector Goals and Objectives 10911.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes 11011.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE THE LABOUR, CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICE SECTOR
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 11211.6.1 Proposed Projects 11211.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP6 11411.7.1 Issues and Strengths for Culture and Social Services 11411.7.2 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Development Budget and Plan Monitoring for
DDP6 114
12 MINERALS, ENERGY AND WATER 115
12.1 INTRODUCTION 11512.1.1 Institutional Framework 11512.1.2 Strategic Plans For Respective Ministries. 11512.1.3 The Role Of The Private Sector 11612.1.4 Consultation Priorities: 11612.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 11612.3 MINING, ENERGY AND WATER 11712.3.1 Mining Sector 11712.3.2 Energy Sector 11712.3.3 Government Buildings 11712.3.4 Alternative Energy Sources 11712.3.5 Energy Demand and Supply 11812.3.6 Water Sector 11812.4 MINERALS, ENERGY AND WATER SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVE 11912.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 12012.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 12012.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programs 12112.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 12212.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6 12212.7.1 Issues and Strengths 12212.7.2 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring 122
13 WORKS, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION 124
13.1 INTRODUCTION 12413.1.1 The Institutional Framework 12413.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries 12413.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector 12413.1.4 Works and Transport Consultation Priorities 12513.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 12513.2.1 Roads Act (1997) Revised 12513.2.2 Road Traffic Act 125
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13.2.3 National Road Safety Policy 12513.2.4 Telecommunications Policy 1995 12513.2.5 Postal Services Act 1989 12513.3 WORKS, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION 12613.3.1 Roads 12613.3.2 Road Transport and Safety 12613.3.3 Botswana Railways 12613.3.4 Central Transport Organisation 12713.3.5 Telecommunications 12713.3.6 Postal Services 12713.3.7 Works 12713.4 WORKS, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES12713.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 12813.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues 12813.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes 12913.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE WORKS TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES 12913.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP6 13013.7.1 Issues and Strengths 13013.7.2 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring 130
14 LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY 131
14.1 INTRODUCTION 13114.1.1 The Institutional Framework 13114.1.2 Strategic Plan of Respective Ministries 13214.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector 13214.2 LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY 13314.2.1 Parliament 13314.2.2 Administration of Justice 13314.2.3 Customary Law and Courts 13314.2.4 Botswana Police Service 13314.2.5 Prisons 13414.2.6 Independent Electoral Commission 13414.2.7 Immigration 13414.3 LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 13414.4 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 13514.4.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 13514.4.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programs 13514.5 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY SECTOR GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES 13714.6 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS 13914.6.1 Issues and Strengths 139
15 LOCAL GOVERNMENT 140
15.1 INTRODUCTION 14015.1.1 The Institutional Framework 14015.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries 14015.1.3 Parastatals 141
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15.1.4 The Role of the Private Sector 14115.1.5 Community Consultation Priority Issues 14215.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 14215.2.1 District Administration 14215.2.2 Township and District Act 14215.2.3 Tribal Land Act (1968) 14215.2.4 Social Welfare. 14215.2.5 The Revised National Policy on Destitute Persons 14215.2.6 The Revised National Policy on Education 14315.2.7 Tribal Administration 14315.2.8 Village Development Committee Guidelines (2001 Revised) 14315.2.9 Waste Management Act 14415.3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT 14415.3.1 District Administration 14415.3.2 District Council 14415.3.3 Tribal Administration 14415.3.4 Land Board 14415.4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 14515.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 14515.5.1 Evaluation Of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 14515.5.2 Evaluation Of Sector Policies and Programmes 14615.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES14715.6.1 Proposed Projects 14715.6.2 Potential Impacts of Proposed Projects / Mitigation Measures 14715.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6 14815.7.1 Issues and strengths 14815.7.2 Development Budget for DDP 6 / UDP2 14815.8 PERFORMANCE TARGETS AND PLAN MONITORING PROGRAMME 152
16 CONTINGENCY PLANNING 153
16.1 INTRODUCTION 15316.1.1 Institutional Framework: 15316.1.2 Strategic Plans For Respective Ministries 15416.1.3 Drought and Food Relief Management 15416.1.4 The Role of the Private Sector 15416.1.5 Disaster Relief Sector Priorities 15516.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 15516.2.1 National Disaster Master Plan (Draft) 15516.2.2 Food Security Strategy 15516.2.3 National Policy on Disaster Management 15516.3 CONTINGENCY PLANS 15616.3.1 Drought Relief 15616.3.2 Food Relief 15616.3.3 Disaster Relief 15616.4 CONTINGENCY PLANNING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 15716.5 FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 15716.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives 15716.5.2 Evaluation of Policies and Programmes 15816.6 PROPOSED PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES 159
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16.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT FOR DDP 6 16016.7.1 Issues and strengths 16016.7.2 Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring 16116.7.3 Resource Requirements for DDP6 16116.7.4 Plan Monitoring Program 162
17 PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION 164
17.1 INTRODUCTION: 16417.1.1 The Institutional Framework: 16417.1.2 Plan Management 16417.1.3 Plan Monitoring And Evaluation 16417.2 FINANCIAL AND PERSONNEL CONSTRAINTS: 16617.3 Proposed Plan Monitoring Activities During DDP6 166
APPENDICESAPPENDIX 1: Central Government Matrices 168APPENDIX 2: Ministry of Local Government 172
LIST OF TABLESTable 1.1 Land Use Types In Kgatleng......................................................................................2Table 1.2 Kgatleng: Age-Sex Population Structure...................................................................6Table 1.3 Kgatleng Population Distribution per Settlement......................................................7Table 1.4 Population Projections and Prospects.........................................................................9Table 1.5 Economically Active Population (Employed and Unemployed).............................10Table 1.6 Cumulative Figures for HIV/AIDS 1987-June 2002................................................10Table 3.1 DDP 6 development goals and objectives................................................................28Table 3.2 Environmental Goals and Objectives.......................................................................29Table 3.3 Sector Goals, Objectives and Strategies...................................................................30Table 3.4 Environmental Goals, Objectives and Strategies.....................................................32Table 3.5 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives...........33Table 3.6 Goals and Objectives, Policies and Programmes.....................................................34Table 4.1 Strategic Plans For Respective Departments............................................................36Table 4.2 Environmental Goals and Objectives.......................................................................38Table 4.3 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Legislations........................................................39Table 4.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures..............................40Table 4.5 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring..................41Table 5.1 Sector Goals and Objectives.....................................................................................46Table 5.2 Sector Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts..........................47Table 5.3 Sector Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programs and Impacts.......................................48Table 5.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures..............................49Table 5.5 Proposed, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring................................50Table 6.1 Sector goals and Objectives......................................................................................56Table 6.2 Goals, Objectives Environmental Key Issues and Impact........................................57Table 6.3 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts.............................................58Table 6.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures..............................59
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Table 6.5 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring..................60Table 7.1 Sector Goals and Objectives.....................................................................................65Table 7.2 Sector Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts..........................66Table 7.3 Sector Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts..................................67Table 7.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures..............................68Table 7.5 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring..................69Table 8.1 Sector Goals and Objectives.....................................................................................72Table 8.2 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts.....................................73Table 8.3 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts.............................................74Table 9.1 Existing Primary School Facilities in Kgatleng District and Projected Pupil
Enrolment up to 2009 at 5% Growth Rate...............................................................81Table 9.2 Planned Primary School Construction......................................................................83Table 9.3 Sector Goals and Objectives.....................................................................................85Table 9.4 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts.....................................86Table 9.5 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts.............................................87Table 9.6 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring..................89Table 10.1 Health Sector Goals and Objectives.........................................................................96Table 10.2 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts.....................................97Table 10.3 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts.............................................98Table 10.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures............................100Table 10.1 Proposed Projects, Performance targets, budget and Plan Monitoring..................102Table 11.1 Sector Goals and Objectives...................................................................................109Table 11.2 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts...................................109Table 11.3 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts...........................................110Table 11.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures............................112Table 11.5 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Development Budget and Plan Monitoring
for DDP6................................................................................................................114Table 12.1 Sector Goals and Objectives...................................................................................119Table 12.2 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts...................................120Table 12.3 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts...........................................121Table 12.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures............................122Table 12.5 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring................122Table 13.1 Sector Goals and Objectives...................................................................................128Table 13.2 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts...................................128Table 13.3 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts...........................................129Table 13.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures............................129Table 13.5 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring................130Table 14.1 Offences in Kgatleng District for period 1997 to 2002..........................................133Table 14.2 Sector Goals and Objectives...................................................................................134Table 14.3 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts...................................135Table 14.4 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts...........................................135Table 14.5 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures............................137Table 14.6 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring................139Table 15.1 The Goals and Objectives of the Local Government.............................................145Table 16.1 Sector Goals and Objectives...................................................................................157Table 16.2 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts...................................157Table 16.3 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts...........................................158Table 16.4 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures............................159Table 16.5 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring................161
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LIST OF FIGURES AND MAPSFigure 1.1 Age Sex Population Pyramid......................................................................................7
Map 1.1 Location of Kgatleng District.....................................................................................1Map 9.1 Distribution of education facilities in the Kgatleng District....................................79Map 9.2 DNFE Kgatleng Field Staff and their areas of operation.........................................84
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LIST OF ACRONYMSAEA Adult Education AssistantALDEP Arable Land Development ProgrammeARV Anti Retroviral TherapyBPS Botswana Postal ServicesBRIMP Botswana Range Inventory and Management ProgrammeBTC Botswana Telecommunications CorporationCBD Central Business DistrictCBNRM Community Based Natural Resources ManagementCBOs Community Based OrganizationsCEDA Citizen Enterpreneurship Development AgencyCHBC Community Home Base CareCJSS Community Junior Secondary SchoolCPC Crime Prevention committeeCSO Central Statistics OfficeCTO Central Transport OrganizationDA District AdministrationDABS Department of Architecture and Building ServicesDDC District Development CommitteeDDMC District Disaster Management CommitteeDDP District Development PlanDDPC District Development Plans CoordinatorDDRC District Drought Relief CommitteeDEMS Department of Electrical and Mechanical Services DHT District Health Team DET District Extension TeamDLUPU District Land Use Planning UnitDMSAC District Multi – Sectoral AIDS CommitteeDNFE Department of Non Formal EducationDRM Deborah Retief Memorial HospitalDWA Department of Water AffairsEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentFAP Financial Assistance PolicyIEC Independent Electoral CommissionIEC Information and Technology CommitteeIFS Integrated Field ServicesIHS Institute of Health SciencesIPT Isoniazid Preventive TherapyIMDC Inter-Ministerial Drought committeeITN Insecticides Treated NetsLG + D Local Government and DevelopmentLGSM Local Government Service ManagementLITS Livestock Identification Trace Back SystemMLG Ministry of Local Government
MLHE Ministry of Lands Housing and EnvironmentMMEWR Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water ResourcesMoA Ministry of AgricultureMTIWT Ministry of Trade, Industry, Wildlife and Tourism
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MTP II/III Mid Term Plan II/IIINACA National AIDS Coordinating AgencyNAMPAADD National Agricultural Master Plan on Arable Agriculture and
Dairy DevelopmentNCS National Conservation Strategy NCSA National Conservation Strategy Coordinating AgencyNDMO National Disaster Management OfficeNDP National Development PlanNGOs Non-Governmental OrganizationsNSP National Settlement PolicyNTP National Tuberculosis ProgrammeO & M Organization and MethodsPMS Performance Management SystemsPMTCT Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV/AIDSPPADB Public Procurement and Asset Disposal BoardPTAs Parents and Teachers AssociationsRAC Rural Administration CentreRADs Remote Area DwellersRDC Rural Development CouncilRNPE Revised National Policy on EducationSHHA Self Help Housing AgencySMME Small, Micro and Media EntrepreneursTA Tribal AdministrationTEC Total Estimated CostVDCs Village Development CommitteesVETs Village Extension TeamsVHCs Village Health CommitteesVIP Ventilation ImprovedVTS Vehicle Testing StationsWC Water Closet
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CHAPTER ONE1 DISTRICT AND PEOPLE
1.1 DISTRICT GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
1.1.1 Location
Kgatleng District is located on the south-eastern part of the country between latitudes 23 degrees and 25 degrees south and longitude 26 degrees and 27 degrees east. In the north the district shares the boundary with Central District with the Dibete Cordon fence as the physical demarcating boundary; to the west it is bordered by the Kweneng District; to the south by the Greater Gaborone Area and South East District, and the international boundary between Botswana and South Africa borders it to the east. (Refer to Map 1.1)
Map 1.1 Location of Kgatleng District
S
S
S
SS S
S SS
SS S
SS
SS
S
S S SS
S SS
S
S
MAUN
KASANE
TUTUME
GHANZI
SEROWE
Serowe
Gunmare
Masunga
PALAPYE
MOCHUDI
LOBATSE
Sowa Pan
Sowa Pan
BOBONONG
HUKUNTSI
GABORONE
RAMOTSWA
TSHABONG
MAHALAPYE
MABUTSANE
Good Hope
LETLHAKANE
Let lhakeng
MOLEPOLOLE
FRANCISTOWN
SELEBI-PHIKWE
KGATLENGDISTRICT
1.1.2 Size
Relative to the physical size of other district, Kgatleng District has a very small land area. The district has 7600 km2 of land compared with Central District with 141076 km2, Ghanzi District with 117 910 km2, Kgalagadi with 105200 km2. Though Ghanzi and Kgalagadi Districts have
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large land area they do not correspondingly have large population sizes. They have 33 275 and 42 132 people respectively whereas Kgatleng District has 73 032 people according to the 2001 Population and Housing Census. The census results also depict that Kgatleng District has only one Primary centre, which is Mochudi, and no secondary or Tertiary I settlements. Most of the villages in the district fall within the Tertiary II category and a few in the Tertiary III and IV categories, using the National Settlement Policy (1998) criteria.
1.1.3 Land Tenure
According to the Government White Paper on the Tribal Land Grazing Policy of 1975, Kgatleng District was declared wholly communal, with no other tenure, neither freehold nor state land. As indicated earlier it has a surface area of 7 600 km2. The table below shows the various land uses in square kilometres and as percentage.
Table 1.1 Land Use Types In Kgatleng
Types of Land Use Area (Km2) %
Agriculture and Settlement
Communal GrazingArable FarmingMixed FarmingSettlements
3281.54524.941035.252725.007566.73
43.186.9113.6235.8599.56
Gazetted RoadsNon-Gazetted Roads
13.1919.3432.53
0.170.260.43
Industrial Pilane 0.74 0.01
Total 7600 100
Source: Regional Agricultural Office 1999
1.1.4 Economic and Communication Linkages
The district is linked to Gaborone city in the south and Central district in the north by the A1 road. To the East it is linked to South Africa by the Mochudi – Sikwane Road, and to the west it is linked to Kweneng District by the Bokaa – Kopong road. The district is also linked to the southern and northern parts of the country by the railway line. The proximity of Kgatleng district to Gaborone City with its large urban population of 185 891, efficient transport between Mochudi and Gaborone and a large number of commuters from the district to Gaborone has marginalized development process on the district’s social and economic life. Entrepreneurs prefer to establish commercial and industrial projects in Gaborone. Although the Pilane industrial site has long been allocated, few plots are developed because they are not fully serviced.
There are telecommunications and postal services in the district that link Kgatleng with other parts of the country. There are also mobile phone services in the district.
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1.1.5 Institutional Framework
The institutional arrangements exist for purposes of consultation and co-ordination on the district development plans. Such institutions are District Administration, District Council, Land board and Tribal Administration.
1.1.6 District Administration
The department of District Administration has three main units of administration, development and food relief services. There are some offices, which are seconded to the department, and these include: Civil Registration, Elections Office, AIDS Coordination and Lands.
The core functions of the District Administration Office are:
Coordination of central Government programme implementation and District Development Plans Preparations Provision of administrative supervision for all government departments at the local level Facilitation of development in the district through its development and land use offices Coordination of drought relief and other disaster programmes Provision of supplementary feeding to vulnerable groups and primary school children The department also has a task in administration of justice and solemnisation of marriages.
1.1.7 District Council
The council has the following statutory responsibilities:
Primary Education Primary Health Care and Sanitation Self Help Housing Social and Community Development Bye Laws Rural Water Supplies Regulatory and Trade Licensing Labour Intensive Public Works Physical Planning Remote Area Development Matimela Collection
1.1.8 Land Board
There is one Main Land Board in the district and three subordinate land Boards offices in Mmathubudukwane, Artesia and Mochudi. Their statutory responsibilities are as follows:
The granting of rights to use land Authorising changes of use of tribal land
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Cancellation of the grant of any rights to use any land Imposition of restriction on the use of tribal land Authorising transfers of tribal land
1.1.9 Tribal Administration
The Department provides an important statutory responsibility of providing judicial services to the public, carried out through established customary courts in the entire district. It is also responsible for maintaining and preserving cultural norms and heritage of the district; encouraging peace and stability within the community.
1.2 DISTRICT ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES
1.2.1 Climate
The district has an annual average temperature of 20 degrees celcius, an average summer temperature of 28 degrees Celsius and average minimum temperature of 13 degrees Celsius. Rainfall occurs in summer with annual ranges of between 450 mm and 550 mm. An annual rainfall variation is around 35% except during drought periods when the total is reduced quite significantly. Thus the climate of the district is described as having very hot summers and mild winters with temperatures rarely falling below freezing point as indicated in the District Development Plan 5.
1.2.2 Geomorphology
Kgatleng District is described as having generally flat and undulating topography with small and low hill ranges and occasional rocky outcrops and several extensive drainage channel systems. There exist the Oodi Hill, Modipane Hill and a range of low hills from Bokaa towards Mochudi. The drainage system includes the Notwane and Metsimotlhabe rivers and Tlhagale and Monametsana streams that flow into the Notwane River until it reaches the Limpopo River.
1.2.3 Natural Resources
1.2.3.1 Vegetation
Generally as described in a vegetation map compiled by Timberlake (1980), Kgatleng District is dominated by a shrub and tree savanna with areas of woodland, mainly on hills and along drainage lines. As a result of human related influences the vegetation has changed considerably since the last century. The effects of drought have also caught up with this state of affairs hence overgrazing and deforestation, even more heavily around the borehole areas.
1.2.3.2 Soils
Briefly Kgatleng has soils that can best be described in terms of land systems within which are district land units. The first, Mochudi land system is a narrow strip stretching from Molepolole eastwards towards Mochudi. Such soils are shallow and stony with low agricultural yields/potential.
The second system is the Notwane Plain system, which straddles the Notwane River. Such soils are deep light textured and acidic.
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The third system is the Thagale Plain land system, which is bordered to the north by the Kalahari land link to land use system and the Mochudi hills to the south. The soils are sandy of various colours and are also loamy sub-soils.
1.2.3.3 Wildlife
The types of wildlife species found in Kgatleng district, according to the 1994 census, are Kudu, Impala, Ostriches, Duiker, Steenbok, Jackal, Zebra and Giraffe.
1.2.3.4 Minerals
There are quarrying of building and road construction materials in most parts of the district. Generally this is an uncontrolled and unregulated activity due to the absence of relevant byelaws. The end result is the abandoned quarries and borrow pits, which are, left unrehabilitated.
1.2.3.5 Water
The district relies on underground and surface water for both human and livestock consumption. There is the Bokaa dam in the district. The district is also connected to the North South Carrier water pipeline. In some parts of the district there is a problem of water quality especially in the River villages. A study was commissioned to find the best ways of improving the water quality. The cost of purifying water supersedes the benefits to be derived, therefore a bi-lateral arrangement has been made to draw water from Molatedi Dam in South Africa to supplement the existing sources in the district.
1.2.3.6 Energy
The main source of energy for cooking, lighting and heating is fuel wood for most households in the district. There exists potential for solar energy.
1.3 DISTRICT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
1.3.1 Socio - Cultural Characteristics
The district is predominantly Bakgatla ba ga Kgafela. There are, however, some other ethnic groups in the district. These are Balete in Modipane, Batlokwa in Oodi, Baherero in Pilane and Bapedi in Leshibitse.
1.3.2 Population Characteristics, Density and Distribution
The 2001 Population and Housing Census enumerated 73 507 people in the whole district. The total number of males in the district is 35 734 and that of females is 37 773. This is shown on table 2 and the population pyramid below. The number of female-headed household is 37745 while that of the male-headed household is 35752. Thus 51.3 percentage of the household headed by females. The national figure for female-headed household is 51.1 percent.
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Table 1.2 Kgatleng: Age-Sex Population Structure
Age Male Female Total
0-4 4,286 4,042 8,328
5-9 4,517 4,524 9,041
10-14 4,777 4,518 9,295
15-19 4,371 4,330 8,701
20-24 3,329 3,589 6,918
25-29 2,820 3,075 5,895
30-34 2,072 2,397 4,469
35-39 1,800 2,013 3,813
40-44 1,543 1,826 3,369
45-49 1,352 1,586 2,938
50-54 1,066 1,171 2,237
55-59 809 962 1,771
60-64 725 828 1,553
65-69 682 926 1,608
70-74 485 619 1,104
75+ 916 1,343 2,259
Unknown 184 24 208
Total 35,734 37,773 73,507
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Figure 1.1 Age Sex Population Pyramid
Source: CSO, 2001
Table 1.3 Kgatleng Population Distribution per Settlement
Kgatleng: Population distribution per Settlement/village. 1971-2001
Villages/Settlement Pop.1971
Pop.1981
Pop.1991
Pop.2001
Mochudi 6945 18386 25542 39 349
Pilane - 420 540 1178
Rasesa 121 879 1366 2968
Bokaa 916 2018 2420 4456
Morwa 965 1337 1748 2755
Matebele 513 564 599 1458
Oodi 630 1599 2282 3550
Modipane 698 1220 1809 2508
Mabalane 423 681 827 895
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Kgatleng: Population distribution per Settlement/village. 1971-2001
Villages/Settlement Pop.1971
Pop.1981
Pop.1991
Pop.2001
Sikwane 1035 1090 1216 1585
Mmathubudukwane 1305 1754 1943 2124
Ramonaka 114 275 388 518
Malolwane 931 1360 1604 3084
Olifants-drift 386 323 378 1184
Artesia 517 566 885 2589
Malotwana 504
Leshibitse 653
Ramotlabaki 640
Kgomodiatshaba 508
Dikgonnye 360
Khurutshe 52
Dikwididi 591
Source : CSO (2001 Population and Housing Census)
According to the Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy 1999-2023 pg.1 the population density for Kgatleng in 1991 was 7.6 persons per km2 and the growth rate for the 1981-1991 period was 2.0% per annum, with a population of 73057 and an area of 7600 km2 the District Population density is approximately 9.2 persons per km2.
1.3.3 Migration
Nearly all the villages and settlements in the district have had their population increasing. The population for Mochudi was 25542 in 1991 and that of 2001 is 39349, which is an increase by almost half. The same is true for the other major centres in the district like Bokaa, Pilane, Rasesa, Matebele, Malolwane, Olifantsdrift and Artesia. According to the 2001 Population and Housing Census, total migration into Kgatleng district from other districts is 18 334, with the largest number (3558) coming from Gaborone, followed by Kweneng with 986 people.
The within and into the district migration can be attributed to improvements in infrastructure and services especially in major centres, which has had the effect of attracting investment and creating opportunities for cash employment. The decline in agricultural productivity has also seen people abandoning lands areas to seek alternative economic activities in major centres.
1.3.4 Population Projections and Prospects:
The population of Kgatleng District is expected to continue growing as can be seen from table 4. The national population projection of 2.4 percent per annum has been used to compute the same for Kgatleng District. The prospects for future growth are promising, especially given the tremendous improvements in health care delivery systems, life expectancy levels, a rise in educational standards and levels and improvements in infrastructure and services.
However, the major setback is the impact of the HIV-AIDS pandemic on both population growth and life expectancy. This not withstanding, the efforts put in place to fight the pandemic are
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expected to bear fruit within the DDP 6 plan period, with a resultant improvement for both population growth and life expectancy levels.
Table 1.4 Population Projections and Prospects
ActualPop. 2001
POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY YEAR
Village2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Primary Centre
Mochudi 39349 40236 41192 42180 43192 45228
Bokaa 4456 4563 4563 4785 4900 5018
Oodi 3550 3635 3722 3811 3902 3995
Mathubudukwane 2124 2175 2227 2278 2344 2400
Modipane 2508 2568 2630 2693 2758 2825
Morwa 2755 2821 2888 2953 3028 3101
Malolwane 3084 3158 3234 3311 3390 3470
Sikwane 1516 1564 1602 1640 1679 1719
Mabalane 895 906 927 949 972 1005
Rasesa 2986 3058 3131 3209 3282 3361
Pilane 1176 1206 1235 1265 1295 1326
Matebele 1458 1493 1529 1566 1602 1640
Ramonaka 518 530 542 555 568 581
Oliphantsdrift 758 776 795 831 851 871
Artesia 2589 3651 2715 2780 2847 2915
Malotwana 504 516 523 535 548 561
Leshibitse 653 670 686 702 719 736
Ramotlabaki 640 655 672 688 706 723
Kgomodiatshaba 508 520 532 545 558 571
Dikgonnye 360 446 457 468 479 490
Khurutshe 52 53 54 55 56 57
Dikwididi 591 605 619 637 652 678
73 507 82736
Source: Kgatleng District, Planning Unit
1.3.5 Employment and Unemployment
According to the 2002 Central Statistics Office multiple indicator survey, the economically active population in Kgatleng District was 27 550. Those who were employed or involved in an economic activity were 22 032, while those without any form of employment were 5518. This translates to a 20 percent rate of unemployment for the district.
However, with the Citizen Entrepreneurial Development Agency (CEDA) in place and the envisaged start of the National Agricultural Master Plan for Arable Agriculture and Dairy Development (NAMPAADD), it is expected that the rate of unemployment will be reduced within the plan period.
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Table 1.5 Economically Active Population (Employed and Unemployed)
Economic Activity Male Female Total
Paid employeesSelf Help without employeesSelf Help with employeesUnpaid family helperWork at own landsTotal employedUnemployed
8383730428882997
72446372931791053
1562713677212674050
3386 213222 032
5518
Source: Central Statistics Office Multiple Indicator Survey 2002.
1.3.6 District HIV/AIDS Prevalence Status
The most affected age groups in the district are between 15 and 44 years, with the worst affected at around 24 to 39 years as can be reflected from table 6. It is also worth noting that all the age groups are affected. Also worthy of noting is that the prevalence rate is high among females than males.
However, it is reported by the District Health Team that the data as reflected on Table 6 below shows the number of patients that visited the health care facilities in the district (which may not be a true reflection of the district situation). It is estimated that more than 10 000 people are infected. In June 2002 alone, 80 people were tested for HIV and 42 were found to be positive, which is more than 50 percent.
Table 1.6 Cumulative Figures for HIV/AIDS 1987-June 2002
Age Female Male Total Percentage
0-4 81 87 168 12.5
5-14 13 18 31 1.6
15-19 78 3 81 4.2
20-24 253 45 29 15.3
25-29 276 115 391 20.1
30-34 2 129 339 17.5
35-39 135 101 236 12.2
40-44 67 75 142 7.3
45-49 28 44 72 3.7
50-54 23 24 47 2.4
55-59 6 3 9 0.5
60+ 9 21 30 1.5
Unknown age 62 36 98 5.0
Totals 1241 701 1942
Source – District Health Team (Kgatleng District Council) 2002
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1.4 DISTRICT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
1.4.1 Major Infrastructure Development
The major infrastructural developments that were carried out during DDP 5 are Mochudi Phase 2 project which comprises tarring of internal roads, provision of street lighting, and construction of Makgophana bridge; Magistrate Court, Council Chamber, and other government offices. Two design consultancies for Master Plan for Storm Water Drainage in Mochudi and Lekgalo bridge, have been completed. Mochudi Sanitation Project is also being implemented.
1.4.2 Economic Development
Economic activities in the district are diverse. These range from small agricultural holdings to tourism; real estate development, franchises like Spar, Friendly Grocers. Citizen Entrepreneural Development Agency (CEDA) has also opened an office in Mochudi. Another economic activity is the trading sector comprising mainly small general dealers, restaurants, bottle stores and other commercial establishments.
1.5 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PRINCIPLES
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an environmental assessment tool applied at the strategic level of the planning hierarchy, that is, policies, plans and programmes. It is of paramount importance to include environmental issues in this plan as we have observed in the past plans that environmental issues were not thoroughly taken into account before formulation and implementation of projects.
The main aim of SEA is to identify opportunities and constraints that projects will have on the environment thus enabling comparison of alternative projects. This allows formulation of indicators and monitoring tools to be used during the implementation of the plan. SEA will therefore examine proposed developments within the context of ecological objectives of the district; national and international level thus promoting sustainable development and the use of natural resources.
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CHAPTER TWO2 REVIEW OF THE DDP5 AND LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT
POTENTIAL
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter represents a summary of the district’s evaluation of its DDP5 for the period 1997-2003.
The priority objectives of Kgatleng DDP5 as follows:
Provision of serviced land to attract industry and commerce; Increased agricultural output; Diversified employment creation; Promotion of small scale industry including informal sector activities Decentralised and improved health care; Improved transportation and communication; Expansion of education at all levels and provision of more day-care centres; Reliable and safe water supply in all villages, settlements and lands areas; Provision of recreational and cultural activities; Improved and regular consultations at village levels.
These objectives are consistent with the broad national objectives and were pursued through the implementation of policies, programmes and strategies outlined in the DDP5 and National Development Plan 8 (NDP8).
In summary, therefore the chapter covers the following: Major achievements in policy and programme implementation; Major problem areas; Suggested policy/strategy reforms; Forecast of personnel and financial resources and; Problem areas of operations and maintenance of existing facilities.
2.2 ACHIEVEMENTS/OPPORTUNITIES – DDP5
A number of policies, programmes and strategies were employed towards achieving the desired objectives. However, the achievement at implementation and results can be rated as satisfactory given a number of major constraints and fundamental weaknesses.
The approach followed in this part highlights issues of development programmes and policies.
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2.2.1 Development Programme:
2.2.1.1 Social
i. District Housing – LH 203
At the end of the financial year 2001/02, 39 out of a planned 88 housing units have been constructed under the district housing at cost of approximately P5.4 million. This represents an implementation of 44% of physical units at 54% of budgeted cost. The district also constructed 18 additional units through the drought relief programme at a cost of approximately P2.6 million, thereby bringing the total number of units to 57 by the end of March 2002. This represent an implementation rate of 65% of the planned projects.
ii. Primary Schools – LG 1102
This programme has progressed satisfactorily. The DDP5 allocation for this programme was P30 million and by the end of the financial year 2001/02 this amount had been totally exhausted. Additional funds will be required.
As a deliberate strategy, Council has concentrated on the provision of basic education facilities such as classrooms, teachers’ quarters, administration blocks, toilets and two hostels for RADs children. One heavy-duty bus was also purchased.
By the end of March 2002, the target of 120 classrooms was 100% implemented; teachers’ quarters, 77%; toilets, 100% and administration blocks, 85%.
iii. Primary Health – LG1104
The progress of the programme has been remarkable. Despite the programme being one year behind schedule due to delay in the approval of funds, significant progress has been made in the provision of health infrastructure; over 75% implementation rate have been achieved to date and it is expected that this programme will be fully implemented by the end of the plan period.
Out of an allocation of P4 million for DDP5, expenditure to date (inclusive of 2000/01 approved funding) amounts to approximately P6.2 million. Additional funds will be needed to complete the planned programme. It is estimated that approximately P3 million will be required to carry out the modification of some clinics and the construction of staff houses.
The P4m was apportioned for upgrading of 2 health posts, purchase of 12 radios, 10 ambulances, construction of 6 incinerators, 2 clinics with maternity wings and 1 without maternity wing and 17 nurses’ houses were some of the projects undertaken. Some of these projects were done under the drought relief programme.
iv. Remote Area Development Programme – LG 1106
The implementation of this programme has been satisfactory. The implementation of the projects under economic promotion is ongoing and those under the labour intensive programme are completed and operational. The projects under the labour intensive programme, such as, brick moulding for the construction of shelters for economic and income generation projects were completed through the drought relief programmes. Projects such as a sewing workshop at Dikgonnye, a poultry farm at Kgomodiatshaba and the purchase and distribution of goats were some of the projects undertaken at a cost of approximately P1.7 million.
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v. Labour Intensive Public Works – LG1107
This programme uses simple labour intensive techniques to maintain public facilities. The programme is progressing satisfactorily and by the end of the 2001/02 financial year, approximately 11 kilometres of road would be paved and maintained at a total cost of approximately P3 206 000.
vi. Department of Water Affairs
During DDP5, the department had only one project of upgrading the Mochudi Water Works Scheme and the expansion of the water works area. This project was completed in 1999.
2.2.1.2 Enviromental
i. National Rural Sanitation Programme – LG1108
To date approximately 51% of the number of planned sanitary facilities (1800) is complete. Two dumpsites were completed at Artesia and Ramotlabaki and the one at Mathubudukwane was improved. Pilane landfill site has been licensed and is operational. Certain essential site services, like power, water, workshop and offices are still ongoing. Consultancy on the Dikwididi landfill design and the EIA studies are ongoing, however, funds for construction have not been approved. Expenditure to date amount to approximately P3 million which was 52% of DDP5 allocation.
ii. Water and Wastewater – LG1110
Provision of service has improved with the construction of standpipes and storage tanks and the rehabilitation of major water reticulation systems.
Phase one of the Mochudi Sanitation Scheme for the construction of primary sewerage lines, 6 pumping stations and 2 sewerage ponds has been completed at a cost approximately P44 million and is functioning satisfactorily. It is expected that phase two for the construction of secondary and tertiary sewerage lines and 8 pumping stations at a cost of P160 million will commence by the end of the financial year. The project is being implemented by the Ministry of Local Government.
2.2.1.3 Economic
i. Village Infrastructure programme – LG1111
The Mochudi village infrastructure phase two project for the construction of 11 kilometres of storm water drainage, 16.67 kilometres of road upgrading to bitumen standard and 12.23 kilometres of street lighting is ongoing. The total estimated cost is P37.5 million.
The construction of an abattoir in Mochudi has not been funded to date.
ii. District Roads – LG1115
Funds under this programme have been exhausted by the larger projects because of gross underestimation and much of the works were completed through the recurrent budget. The Morwa to Bokaa road upgrading (7km) was completed at a cost of P8.5 million being P5 million over the budget. Additional major works such as Mochudi to Malotwana road upgrading (13 km) is at tendering stage and is estimated at P13 million. There has been a general problem of underestimating the budget for this programme during DDP 5.
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iii. Department of Wildlife and National Parks
Concerns under this sector consist mainly of enforcement activities and licensing of game farming. To date fifteen game-poaching cases were registered with the anti-poaching unit of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, and all the cases were prosecuted and judgements passed. There were no cross border poaching activities reported.
Thirteen ostrich farming projects were registered and issued with permits; one is ready for stocking, one is under construction and the others have not yet started. Twenty-one applicants were issued with permits for guinea fowl farming; three projects are currently operational while the remainder have not yet started. Twenty-eight schools also registered as Wildlife Clubs, however, only eighteen are active.
iv. Integrated Field Services – IFS
Five hundred and twenty three FAP projects were approved creating 2035 jobs in the district. A number of 45 management support courses were also conducted to support the management of these projects. This programme was recently reviewed and will be restructured during NDP 9 to make it more relevant and effective in addressing local economic diversification and empowerment, hence DDP 6 will be affected
v. Agriculture – Department of Crops
A number of achievements were made. The ALDEP has distributed 429 packages as opposed to the planned 250. To date expenditure is at P1.8m and there is no backlog. This programme is heavily subscribed for in the district. Drift fences were built at Leshibitse (17 out of 18 km), Modipane (4km, 100% achievement) and Malotwane (3.41 out of 10.79km). Five (of planned eight) FAP projects were established at a cost of P383 000. Four are currently operational. Under training, thirty-four farmers were trained in bookkeeping and project management. One houset(of planned eight) was built at Mathage, three dams were constructed out of planned eight and five villages (of nine) benefited from soil conservation works.
vi. Department of Animal Health and Production
A number of facilities were built during the plan period. Two offices, seven residential houses and four cattle loading ramps were constructed. Some of the facilities were constructed through Drought Relief Programme. To date 160 FAP supported projects were initiated of which 13 have collapsed due to lack of expertise, proper management and proper monitoring programme.
2.2.1.4 Institutional
i. Customary Courts – LG 901
Funds amounting to P5.2 million were approved in 1997/98 for the construction of tribal administration offices at the Mochudi main Kgotla. This project has been delayed because of the unavailability of land.
Elsewhere in the district, the department has made much progress in its provision of office accommodation and institutional housing for staff. By the end of 2001/2002, seven out of eight offices were completed.
ii. Land Board Development – LG1001
By the end of the current financial year, 2001/02, two sub-land board offices would be constructed at Artesia and Mathubudukwane at a cost of approximately P2.5 million. Two
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vehicles were purchased in 1997/98 out of the planned four. The remaining two will be purchased during the next financial year, 2002/03. The extension to the main land board offices was not undertaken as planned due to unavailability of funds.
iii. Rural Administration Centre – LG 1105
Funds amounting to P9.9 million were approved for the construction of a new Council Chamber and for the extension of the District Commissioner’s office. These 2 projects have been completed.
The establishment of sub-district offices at Mathubudukwane has not yet been approved. The request has been forwarded to the Ministry of Local Government but the response is still awaited.
2.2.2 Policy Issues:
i. District Settlement Strategy
An updated Kgatleng Settlement Strategy is being prepared.
ii. Mochudi Development Plan
The implementation of the plan with regards to the development of commercial and industrial zones is ongoing. The purpose is to attract commercial and industrial investments into the district so as to create additional employment opportunities. The design of the Mochudi central business district is ongoing and its implementation will necessitate the redevelopment of the existing built up area.
iii. National Policy on Agricultural Development
The first draft of the Fencing Policy is finished and is currently with the Inter-Ministerial Committee on Land Use Policy for consultation. The draft study will be submitted to Council and Land Board for approval.
A Policy on Integrated Land Management in Mmamashia was prepared. The aim of the policy is to promote urban agriculture.
As part of a policy for improving land use, a deliberate strategy employed in the district is to do allocations on already demarcated plots. However, this effort has not yielded the desired results to date.
2.3 CONSTRAINTS/CHALLENGES IN DDP5
2.3.1 Development Programme
i. District Housing – LH 203
The major constraint experienced was the acquisition of land to construct the tribal administration offices in Mochudi. Two private landowners refused to accept compensation for the acquisition of their land and refused to relocate. The Land Board is currently pursuing the compulsory acquisition of these plots.
ii. Land Board Development – LG1001
Lack of room for expansion due to congestion at the present site, prevented the expansion of the Land Board offices.
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iii. Primary Schools – LG1102
Under estimation of and insufficient funds impeded the implementation of the planned programme. Consequently, implementation of some of the recommended education facilities had to be delayed. There is also a problem with contractors who fail to finish projects on time because of poor management on the part of contractors. We also foresee a problem with the implementation of the recommended facilities at existing old schools because the sites are inadequate.
iv. Primary Health – LG1104
The major problems experienced under LG1104, include delays in the approval of funds, inadequacy of sufficient funds to execute programme leading to delays in project completion. Underestimation of and insufficient funds have resulted in delays in project implementation. There is also the problem with contractors who fail to finish projects on time because of poor management. More importantly, however, is shortage of staff to ensure timely delivery of services. This problem was experieced at Morwa and Boseja clinics.
v. Rural Administration Centre – LG1105
The major problem experienced by this programme was the underestimation of the construction cost of the chamber. This prevented the construction from commencing earlier because additional funding had to be provided and this was only made available during the financial year 2001/02.
vi. Remote Area Development Programme – LG1106
The major challenge is the provision of viable economic and income generation projects. The implementation of the Orchard/Woodland project at Kgomodiatshaba will commence during the 2002/03 financial year. No boreholes for livestock watering were drilled because the district is still awaiting the implementation of the fencing policy to establish ranches for such.
vii. National Rural Sanitation Programme – LG1108
Delays in the approval of funds have affected project implementation. The district is one year behind schedule. Many of the beneficiaries of toilet substructures fail to put up proper toilet superstructures. The shift from VIP to dry compost toilets will result in the construction of fewer toilets since the dry compost toilets are more expensive.
viii. Water and Wastewater – LG1110
The river villages are faced with poor water quality problem. Residents complain about the taste of water. However, the water quality is within World Health Organisation guidelines on potable water standards. A consultancy is currently underway to identify and recommend a feasible option to address this problem. Lack of funds delayed the implementation of the phase two sanitation programme.
ix. Village Infrastructure Programme – LG1111
Servicing of the Pilane industrial site has been delayed because of shortage of funds.
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x. District Roads – LG1115
The major setback suffered under District Roads programme is the gross underestimation of project cost. About P15 million is required to complete the remaining projects under DDP5. In addition to funding constraints, Council has a small fleet of construction equipment, coupled with frequent breakdowns, therefore cannot adequately cater for the district’s requirement.
2.3.2 Department of Wildlife and National Parks
Planned construction of some offices and staff housing at Olifantsdrift has not been approved for implementation because the TEC has been exhausted.
The ostrich-farming project could have been successfully implemented but due to limited land resource there has been competition in land usage with arable and livestock farming. Failure of applicants to raise their contribution towards their FAP projects have resulted in a significant number of projects failing to get off the ground. There is also a problem of water provision in production zones.
2.3.3 Integrated Field Services – IFS
The major problems encountered are shortage of staff and transport. The staff complement is inadequate to provide efficient and effective service to the community across the district. Lack of transport hinders proper monitoring of FAP projects.
2.3.4 Agriculture – Department of Crops
The funds under ALDEP were depleted quickly because of excessive number of beneficiaries. The influx of applications was a result of a lax definition of a farmer, where every applicant claimed to be a farmer led to the depletion of the fonds.
Failure of some applicants to meet their contributions for the FAP resulted in 3 projects not being started. High water tariffs and lack of a policy on irrigated agriculture were also sited as constraints. The unavailability of sufficient funds to undertake projects is also a constraint to the department.
2.4 LONG TERM POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS
2.4.1 Development Potential and Long Term Prospects
2.4.1.1 Promotion of Economic Diversification
Pilane industrial site has a high potential for economic diversification hence needs to be fully serviced to attract investors to put up manufacturing industries. During DDP 5 the district managed to make detailed designs for the Central Business District (CBD). It is therefore important that implementation be funded during DDP 6 to constitute a long-term development programme for the district.
The Government’s existing strategy to provide water in production zones has proved quite ineffective. In order to assist in the development of these zones, there is need to provide assistance for drilling of boreholes or alternatively to provide water to production areas. This is in line with the National Master Plan for Arable Agriculture and Dairy Development (NAMPAADD).
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There is tourism potential in the district. There are some resources like Matsieng Foot Prints and Ramotlabaki Bird Sanctuary, where the Kgatleng community tried to establish projects but did not do well. It is the intention of the district to revive and support these projects. The district has scenic sites like the Phuthadikobo Museum in Mochudi, which will be developed and widely marketed, as well as other tourism potential sites.
On promotion of conservation of natural resources and their sustainable use for income generation opportunity, the district will vigorously embark on educating communities on utilizing natural resources to create income-earning opportunities. The district will also embark on the promotion of alternative energy sources such as coal and solar power technology. Government institutions should to take a lead role in promoting energy saving technologies.
On Cost Recovery Measures the district has already started implementing some cost recovery measures as foreign students are already paying for their primary education and health services. The district will extend the service to citizens during DDP6. DDP 6 will also implement cost recovery measures on serviced commercial and industrial areas.
2.4.2 Development Constraints
2.4.2.1 Personnel and financial resources
The provision of adequately skilled human resource remains a challenge during DDP5 and requires to be addressed urgently in order to have positive impacts on the implementation of DDP6. Indeed, in all sectors of the country, the HIV/AIDS pandemic has a devastating impact on the labour force and financial resources of the country. National statistics have pointed to approximately 23% of Batswana infected with HIV, meaning that significant amount of human and financial resources will have to be diverted from other programmes to manage the impact of HIV. Of significance is the acute shortage of medical personnel to man the health sector effectively.
Emphasis should be given to the implementation of the privatisation policy. Hiving off such activities as building maintenance from Council, for example, will allow the technical staff to be more effective in the monitoring of development projects. Understaffing in the Engineering Department is more acute and can be addressed by hiving off some of its services to the private sector. Likewise, hiving off certain other services like refuse collection, vehicle maintenance and repairs and certain secretarial activities can help to consolidate public sector efficiency.
During DDP6 emphasis will be given to the implementation of cost recovery measures to augment Council’s financial resources.
2.4.2.2 Operations and maintenance
The emphasis in the provision of much needed basic infrastructure such as roads, schools, and clinics. Many of these projects are aged and needs substantial overhaul. Priority needs to be given to the area of maintenance of public infrastructure and any future demand on revenue must first address this issue.
In the case of Council, this will mean a one off maintenance programme to take care of the backlog and a future schedule which will necessitate an increase in the revenue support grant since it is unlikely that current cost recovery measures can meet future maintenance needs.
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Significant progress was made in the provision of social and physical infrastructure as well as in the implementation of policies and programmes aimed at improving the social, economic and environmental circumstance of the district. However, given the current constraints experienced, it is hardly likely that the district can fully implement its development plan. Priority programmes and projects will be carried over into DDP6.
2.5 LINKS TO NDP 9 THEME
The theme for NDP 9 is “ Towards Realisation of Vision 2016; Sustainable and Diversified Development through Competitiveness in Global Markets.” This choice of the theme was mainly influenced by the fact that NDP 9 provides the first opportunity for the various sectors to integrate Vision 2016 goals and objectives into development planning process. Hence DDP6 will also focus on realisation of the goals and objectives of Vision 2016 as it is enshrined in NDP 9. In implementing the plan, the district will take cognisance of the national issues of concern such as HIV/AIDS, water, diversification of the economic base and environmental key issues as outlined in the Environmental Keynote Paper.
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CHAPTER THREE3 DDP 6 DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
3.1 PLANNING FRAMEWORK
This Chapter links the District policies to National policies and the National Development Plan 9 theme and objectives. National Development Plan 9 theme is “Towards Realisation of Vision 2016: Sustainable and Diversified Development through Competitiveness in Global Markets”. Government has made a commitment during the Mid Term Review of National Development Plan 8 that plans will be guided by Vision 2016 which charts the development of the nation into the 21st century. DDP6 will therefore focus on projects and programmes which drives the nation towards the goals and objectives of Vision 2016.
3.1.1 Vision 2016
Botswana’s Vision 2016 emphasises economic diversification and prosperity as critical for employment creation and poverty alleviation. These should start at the district level. The district needs to further diversify the economy from the mining sector by vigorously implementing strategies and government - supported schemes to promote growth of the non - mining sector. There is still potential for diversification in the agriculture, manufacturing and tourism sectors. Agriculture is particularly important for employment creation and poverty alleviation given that many poor people in the rural areas are dependent on agriculture.
i. An Educated and Informed Nation
In addition to formal education that is provided in schools, local authorities in Kgatleng will spearhead consultation in the district as a way of availing information to the communities including the remote areas. This will be done through strengthening extension service delivery by resuscitating the District and Village Extension Teams so that they provide the right information at the right time.
Library services will also be strengthened to provide information using other sources such as video and audio cassettes, as well as making home deliveries to home bound clients.
ii. A Compassionate, Just and Caring Nation
The District provides services to the communities and social safety nets for the underprivileged. The more pronounced efforts to address this pillar are in the targeted projects including destitutes, orphan care, and provision of old age pensions. Basic shelter will be made available for needy destitutes.
In the early years of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, Information, Education and Communication (IEC) was the main strategy used for combating the scourge. However, as time went on, the situation became more complex, hence a need arose for mitigation programmes such as Community Home Based Care (CHBC), Orphan Care Programmes, Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS (PMTCT), Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) and Antiretroviral Therapy (ARV) for HIV patients.
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iii. A Prosperous, Productive and Innovative Nation
Kgatleng District emphasizes the need to diversify in order to produce enough food both at the household and national levels. The Remote Area Programme is one strategy that the district will use to equip RADs with various skills as per their needs so as to empower them to start their own projects. They will be encouraged to embark on projects by utilizing government schemes. Empowering the RADs with the skills and knowledge will help them to be economically independent and have a good understanding of their rights, such as land rights since currently they occupy very limited hectares of land. They will also be able to compete for positions of high social standing.
Emphasis will also be put on providing excellent vocational and technical skills to young people enrolling in vocational and technical centers such as Kgatleng Brigade Development Trust and the upcoming School of Applied Arts and Technology in Oodi. These centers will equip trainees with life skills so that after graduating they will be able to venture into productive business activities. Entrepreneurs will also be trained on basic business concepts to ensure profitability and sustainability of small-scale projects to support income generation and employment creation drive.
iii. An Open, Democratic and Accountable Nation
This pillar calls for community oriented democracy with strong decentralized institutions. Government institutions need to be brought closer to the people so that they participate in decisions that affect their lives. The Local Government Structure Commission recommended construction of service centres in villages. Implementation of these facilities will enhance participatory development by communities through bottom up planning.
iv. A Safe and Secure Nation
The occurrence of natural disasters cannot be ignored under normal circumstances. As such well-planned strategies need to be put in place to counter the effects of these disasters. The district has a Disaster Management Committee which deals with all the components of disaster namely:- response, mitigation, preparedness, and re-construction. The committee is still preparing a District Disaster Management Plan that will guide the preparation and management of disaster activities in the district.
In cases of domestic fire outbreaks the District Council assists with fire extinguishers, while the Botswana Defence Force and the Botswana Police Service provide rescue services. Funds permitting, the district would build a fire station and purchase fire-fighting equipment.
The Botswana Police Service is committed to providing a quality service to the communities in Kgatleng District by focusing on crime reduction including traffic offences. A community policing will increase public confidence in Police Officers and this will go long way in building a safe and secure nation by the year 2016.
The District also engages in vigorous road safety campaigns throughout the plan period to publicize the road safety drive as much as possible.
v. A United and Proud Nation
Batswana should take pride in their clean and unlittered surroundings. The district environmental health plans for the next six years shall endeavour to create an enabling environment for the realization of the above. This will be done through sustainable waste management and entails among other things, waste minimization and reuse of products and recycling of goods.
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3.1.2 National Environmental Key Issues
The key environmental issues experienced in Botswana are many and varied. However, notable ones include conflicts caused by pressure on land and land scarcity, sub-optimal land management, water scarcities, narrow scope of natural resource utilization, increasing veld fires, fuel wood depletion, pollution and waste management.
Past development plans paid little attention to environmental conservation and the impact of development programmees and projects on the environment. DDP6 will give attention to these issues by making it a point that all development projects from all sectors are screened for compliance with environmental impact assessment with a view to taking timely corrective measures.
3.1.3 District Environmental Key Issues
3.1.3.1 Land Management
The district’s close proximity to Gaborone has contributed to the pressure on the land in Kgatleng Diastrict. At Mmamashia this has lead to squatting and illegal change of land use from arable farming to commercial ventures such as poultry. Also worthy of mention are illegal transfers of land.
Elsewhere in the district villages are inundated with applications for residential and other land uses which can not be provided in Gaborone. Villages of Mochudi, Pilane, Rasesa, Morwa, Bokaa, Modipane, Oodi Matebele and the river villages are particuraly worth mentioning in this respect.
In villages where village plans have not been prepared, the issue of sub-optimal land management is a problem. Lack of controlled planning leads to haphazard lands allocations which in turn contribute to village sprawl. Preparatration of the said plans during DDP6 will be the objective of the district. Communal grazing can also be said to contribute to sub optimal land management as it is not possible to practice proper stocking rates. The implementation of National Agricultural Policy during DDP6 will arrest the situation.
3.1.3.2 Natural Resources Utilization
Fuelwood depletion and a declining trend in wildlife species are some of the district’s environmental issues. Fuelwood depletion comes about as a result of both population growth and persistent droughts.
The uncontrolled extraction of sand and gravel for the construction industry has lead to pressure of these resources. Contractors coming from within and outside the district extract these resources haphazardly, without sustainable utilization. This also often leaves the land with borrow pits without rehabilitation. In some instances the resources are harvested illegally without seeking permission from the appropriate authorities which makes it difficult to monitor.
3.1.3.3 Water Supply
The district gets its water supply from two sources namely the North South Water Carrier and ground water sources supplied from boreholes by council’s Water Departmeent. The North South
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water Carrier supplies the village of Mochudi, Pilane Morwa, Oodi, Modipane Bokaa and Rasesa will soon be conected.
During DDP6 it is expected that water will be tapped from Molatedi Dam which also supplies Gaborone from the Republic of South Africa to supply the river villages. The quality of water is hard and the quantity is insufficient at these villages. A consultant has currently been engaged to look into the situation and advise accordingly, the outcome of which will have a bearing on the Molatedi water supply project.
3.1.3.4 Pollution and Waste Management
Pollution of ground water especially from pit latrines has been an environmental issue in the district. However, with the advent of the construction of a sewerage disposal pipeline in Mochudi, the situation will improve during DDP6 plan period.
The other pollution issue in the district is the disposal of waste water into Notwane River from Gaborone. During DDP6 plan period, some mechanisms will be put in place to monitor contaminants that are brought by waste water into the river.
There already exists a sanitary landfill at Pilane. Another one is planned for during DDP6 to be constructed in the river villages. There are small waste disposal sites near all settlements. Consequently, Kgatleng District will during DDP6 plan period concentrate on capacity building to meet the required minimum standards of waste disposal by landfill.
3.1.3.5 Increasing Veldt Fires
Increasing veldt fires are a source of concern for the district as they often exacerbate the incidences of drought. Construction of fire breaks and the implementation of the National Agricultural Policy during DDP6 will help resolve the problem.
3.1.4 Ministry of Local Government Strategic Plan
The Ministry of Local Government is charged with the responsibility to provide basic physical and social facilities to the communities. The ministry’s strategy is based on the seven pillars of Vision 2016 with the overall objective of being a competitive and customer focused centre of excellence. This would be achieved through embarking on comprehensive public sector reforms.
To achieve its goals the ministry will roll out the Performance Management System concept to Local Authorities and request them to produce strategic plans that are in line with the Ministry’s strategic plan. Through the Local Authorities, the district will ensure that the Ministry’s KRAs are achieved.
3.1.5 District Key Issues
The district key issues are:
3.1.5.1 Poor Implementation and Monitoring of Planned Projects
The district experienced cost overruns during DDP5 due to delayed project completion by the citizen contractors. For example Boseja clinic with maternity started in 1998 and to date it is still incomplete.
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3.1.5.2 Unemployment
Unemployment is still prevalent in the district especially in the rural villages. This leads to migration from rural areas to the main centres.
3.1.5.3 Lack of Slaughtering Facilities
There is no abattoir in the district. Animals are slaughtered at the butcheries and/or kraals. This is not a healthy situation because there is no guarantee that the meat is safe for human consumption. There is therefore a need for an abattoir in the district to ensure a healthy and secure nation in 2016.
3.1.5.4 Mushrooming of Settlement
The district is overwhelmed by the mushrooming of settlements. To combat the situation an evaluation of unrecognised settlements in line with NSP is necessary in DDP 6. There has been a demand for recognition of settlements such as Mokatse and Khurutshe.
3.1.5.5 Uncontrolled Sand Extraction
Quarrying and extraction of sand are the only mining activities that occur in the district. There is a serious concern of uncontrolled and unregulated extraction of sand and gravel coupled with the non-payment of extraction fees. The whole situation is exacerbated by the fact that there are no enabling bye-laws. Absence of zoned quarrying areas also encourages indiscriminate quarrying.
3.1.5.6 Storm water Drainage
Mochudi village suffers from an inadequate and poorly coordinated drainage system. The village receives substantial quantities of natural surface water run-off from the surrounding hills, with consequent problems of erosion and surface water disposal. Although ultimately the water flows into Notwane River, it first goes through natural channels such as Molatlhegi, Tsope, Mmadipamo, Molapo-wa-baruti, and Raserura streams, which transverse the village creating access problems and hazards to public safety. A coordinated drainage system does not exist. There is need for a well-designed storm water drainage system.
3.1.5.7 Firewood Collection
People are of the view that firewood collection has reached alarming proportions. Consequently some form of regulatory measures should be imposed on institutions that are still using firewood for cooking and heating. Bye Laws should be put in place to curb the depletion of trees.
3.1.5.8 Village Development Committees (VDCs)
VDC’s take two years as office bearers. However this two-year period is too short for VDCs to realise their goals and objectives. Hence the committees favour a five-year period to enable them implement their strategies and even evaluate before handing over to the incoming VDCs. The incumbents complain that this is the reason why incoming VDCs usually work with poor records, scanty information and not up to date financial statements from the outgoing VDCs.
3.1.5.9 Unemployment
There is lack of employment opportunities in rural areas due to the fact that the main source of livelihood, which is agriculture, has been experiencing a dramatic decline because of drought. It
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has also emerged that though some individuals and groups have been granted FAP and CEDA funds to assist them to start income - generating projects, there is insignificant progress because of the following factors.
3.1.5.10 Lack of entrepreneurial skills
There is lack of markets and lack of diversification of projects undertaken since most FAP and CEDA recipients concentrate on the same type of projects such as sewing, welding, brick moulding etc
3.1.5.11 Payment of Day Care Centres by Government
Village Development Committees are unable to pay teachers hence a lot of Day Care Centres are not operational. The proposal is to request Government to takeover running of these institutions.
3.1.5.12 Establishment of a sub-district at Mmathubudukwane
There is need to establish a sub-district at Mmathubudukwane to bring services closer to the people since they have to travel long distances to Mochudi to get their services.
3.1.5.13 HIV/AIDS
There is still a challenge to reduce the rising incidence of the HIV virus, particularly among the young people. A further challenge is to assess and minimize the impact of AIDS related illnesses and death on families, businesses, government budget, and the economy as a whole.
3.1.5.14 Loss of agricultural Land for Residential Purposes
Kgatleng District is one area where there is shortage of land. Arable fields are being acquired for residential, commercial and industrial development. The area with rapid change of use is the A1 corridor from Gaborone to Dibete.
3.1.6 Respective Long Term District Plans
There are a number of long term plans for the district, which are aimed at guiding development to ensure efficient land utilisation. They also provide a framework for the provision of services.
3.1.6.1 South East Regional Master Plan (2003-2027)
This is a long-term plan covering a period of twenty years, aimed at improving the living conditions of the resident population through the use of natural resources found within the region. This has the potential to ensure sustainability as an area will utilize natural resources at its disposal This Master Plan includes seven district councils, namely Southern, Kweneng, Kgtaleng South East, Jwaneng, Lobatse and Gaborone.
3.1.6.2 Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy (2003-2027)
This settlement strategy aims at efficient utilization of land by carefully allocating land to suitable uses and also providing services to settlements in accordance with their status in the settlement hierarchy. It helps in creating linkages between settlements and identifying production, processing and marketing of goods and services.
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3.1.6.3 Mochudi Planning Area (1995-2015)
This planning area covers the other villages of Morwa, Bokaa, Pilane and Rasesa. The plan articulates the various land uses in these areas. The plan has been running for the last eight years. It consequently needs to be reviewed to assess its benefits and shortfalls. The plan was gazetted under the Town and Country Planning Act (Declaration of Planning Areas) order of 18 th April 1995 through statutory instrument No 27 0f 1995.
3.1.6.4 River Villages Development Plan (2002-2026)
A development plan is being prepared for the five villages of Malolwane, Ramonaka, Mathubudukwane, Mabalane and Sikwane. These settlements do not have clear village boundaries and the only thing that helps to show their extent is the water works boundaries. The River Villages as they are referred to in the plan are located along the Marrico River that borders the Republic of South Africa in the south east of Kgatleng District. It is expected that the plan will promote efficient and utilization and avoid sprawling and uncoordinated village growth.
3.1.6.5 Mmamashia Integrated Land Management Plan (1999)
The Integrated Land Management Plan for Mmamashia came about as result of prevalence of squatting, illegal exchange of land between parties leading to unauthorized developments, pressure for land allocation by the citizenry and unguided change of land use.
The objectives of the management plan is to subdivide the affected area into specific categories of land use zones, preserve agricultural land, promote and encourage prudency in land utilization and offer the land board the opportunity to respond to land issues in the affected area decisively and encourage development.
3.2 DDP6 OVERALL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
3.2.1 Summary of Key Issues
Generally the key issues for the district range from poor implementation of projects, poor and inadequate monitoring of projects, unemployment, environmentally healthy facilities, mushrooming of settlements and uncontrolled growth of settlements, rampant HIV/AIDS, land use conflicts and indiscriminate sand extraction.
3.2.2 DDP6 Development Goals
The National Development Plan and the District Development Plan together with various government policies are guiding elements for the development of the district. The District Development Plan interprets the goals and objectives of the National Development Plan for implementation at district level.
Pursuant to the National Development Plan Eight’s theme of “Sustainable Economic Growth” and National Development Plan Nine’s theme of “Towards the Realisation of Vision 2016”, the broad goals of Kgatleng District are economic growth, poverty reduction, employment creation and the fight against the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The district’s goals were carefully selected to address the pillars of vision 2016.
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Table 3.7 DDP 6 development goals and objectives
Goal Objectives
1. Promotion of industrial development for economic diversification and development
To implement the industrial policy
To train entrepreneurs in both managerial and technical skills
2. Development and promotion of the district’s natural resources to the advantage of the district and socio-economic growth
To identify and facilitate the use of natural resources
3. To encourage self-reliance as a means to the development of the district
To encourage self-help projects at village level including SHHA
4. To promote good working relationship among all stakeholders
To enhance consultation and transparency
5. To create conducive environment for potential investors
To ensure availability of serviced land
To market the district as a strategy for investment
To improve and expand physical infrastructure
To provide adequate community/public facilities
6. To uplift the socio-economic status of the RADS
T continue the RADP Programme
7. Reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS in the district To intensify the campaign against and awareness for HIV/AIDS
To mainstream of HIV/AIDS into development projects
8. Make the district a safe and habitable place To raise public confidence in the police personnel and promotion of crime prevention measures
9. Promotion of livestock and arable farming To implement of various agricultural policies and programmes
10. To improve water quality and guard against misuse
To replicate the pre-paid metering system throughout the district
To connect the River villages to the Molatedi dam
11. To improve access to education at all levels in the district
To maintain education facilities
To provide additional facilities
To reduce the teacher/pupil ratio
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3.2.3 Environmental Goals Table 3.8 Environmental Goals and Objectives
Goal Objectives
1. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
To promote of community based natural resources management projects
To promote waste management techniques that are compatible with the modern standards
To promote environmental education through public awareness programmes
To facilitate the integration of environmental education into formal education
To foster environmental friendly practices through the formulation, review and facilitation of relevant environmental policies and legislations To prevent sanitation related diseases
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
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3.2.4 Framework for Monitoring Sector Goals and Objectives Table 3.9 Sector Goals, Objectives and Strategies
Goal Objectives Strategies
1. Promotion of industrial development for economic diversification and development
To implement the Industrial development Policy
To enhance managerial and technical skills of entrepreneurs
Mobilise communities to utilise CEDA loans and to venture into income generating activities
Training of entrepreneurs in both managerial and technical skills
2. To develop and promote of the district’s natural resources to the advantage of the district and socio-economic growth
To identify and facilitate the use of natural resources
Encourage community based groups to start community based natural resource projects
Provide advise to the communities through the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)
3. To encourage self-reliance as a means to the development of the district
To encourage self-help projects at village level including SHHA
Encourage communities to implement self-help projects and to acquire the SHHA loan
4. To promote good working relationship among all stakeholders
To enhance consultation and transparency
Meet with district leadership quarterly for exchange of information
Meet with VDC’s to give them feedback on projects and programmes implemented in the district
5. To create conducive environment for potential investors
To ensure availability of serviced land
To market the district as a strategy for investment
To improve and expand physical infrastructure
To provide adequate community/public facilities
Service Pilane Industrial SiteDevelop the Central Business District
Construction of proper storm water drainageConstruction fire station and provision of fire fighting equipmentConstruction of streetlights
Construction of a multi-purpose civic hall
6. To uplift the socio-economic status of the RADS
To continue the RADP Programme Purchasing of livestock for the RADS
Encourage and revive income generating projects
7. To reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS in the district
To intensify the campaign against and awareness for HIV/AIDS
Organise organize workshops for various groups in the district
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Goal Objectives Strategies
To mainstream of HIV/AIDS into development projects
Organize HIV/AIDS fares in the districtObserve the World AIDS DayEncourage the community to test for HIV and enrol in the ARV programme
Ensure that HIV/AIDS issues are incorporated into the development projects
8. To make the district a safe and habitable place
To raise public confidence in the police personnel and promotion of crime prevention measures
Construction of a semi-urban police station at Mmathubudukwane
Extension of VHF radio trunking and digital microwave
Organize crime prevention seminars
9. To promote livestock and arable farming To implement various agricultural policies and programmes
Implementation of the Fencing Component of the National Agricultural Development Policy
Implementation of the NAMPAADD programme
Training of farmers in various skills
Preserve fertile arable land through the production of integrated land use plans
10. To improve water quality and guard against misuse of water
To put up water saving measures
To carry out evaluation of water quality and provide an alternative source
Replicate the pre-paid metering system throughout the district
Connecting the River villages to the Molatedi damRehabilitation of water systems as and when necessary
11. To improve access to education at all levels in the district
To ensure the implementation of the Revised National Policy on Education
Upgrading of all secondary schools
Construction of College of Applied Arts
Provision additional facilities both at secondary and primary schools
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3.2.5 Framework for Monitoring Environmental Goals and Objectives Table 3.10 Environmental Goals, Objectives and Strategies
Goal Objectives Strategies
1. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
To promote community based natural resources management projects
To promote waste management techniques that are compatible with the modern standards
To promote environmental education through public awareness programmes
To foster environmental friendly practices through the formulation, review and facilitation of relevant environmental policies and legislations To prevent sanitation related diseases
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
Enforcement of conservation bye-lawsEncourage the formation of Community Based Organizations through the TAC
Come up with the District Waste Management PlanDevelop Sanitary landfills and sewerage disposal systems
Conduct Environmental awareness workshopsFacilitate community education on environmental issues
Ensure regular environmental audits and reportingRecommend the passing of the EIA legislation
Encourage the use of dry compost toilets
Come up with monitoring measures to ensure proper extraction of sand and gravel
3.3 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Although the environmental pieces of legislation are in place, to monitor the state of the environment, there is need to evaluate the key environmental issues with sector goals and objectives in order to be able to device strategies for compliance with environmental conservation.
The overall sector goals and objectives should not conflict with environmental policies and programmes for conservation as is reflected hereunder.
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Table 3.11 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives.
Goal Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Possible Impacts
1. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
To promote community based natural resources management projects
To promote waste management techniques that are compatible with the modern standards
To promote environmental education through public awareness programmes
To foster environmental friendly practices through the formulation, review and facilitation of relevant environmental policies and legislations To prevent sanitation related diseases
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
Natural resource utilization
Pollution
Natural Resource Utilization
Natural Resource Utilization
Pollution
Land ManagementWaterNatural Resource Utilization
Possible depletion and degradation, littering
Loss of bio-diversitySoil erosion
Littering
-
Underground water contaminationAir pollution
Possible depletion, land degradation
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3.3.1 Evaluation of Policies and Programmes Against Overall Goals and Objectives Table 3.12 Goals and Objectives, Policies and Programmes
Goal Objectives Policies Possible Impacts
1. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
To promote community based natural resources management projects
To promote waste management techniques that are compatible with the modern standards
To promote environmental education through public awareness programmes
To foster environmental friendly practices through the formulation, review and facilitation of relevant environmental policies and legislations To prevent sanitation related diseases
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
National Conservation PolicyCommunity Based Natural Resource Management ProgrammeNational Policy on Natural Resources Conservation and Development National Forestry PolicyWildlife Act
Botswana Strategy for Waste ManagementWaste Management ActDraft Environmental Impact Assessment ActNational Water Master PlanConservation Policy
National Conservation PolicyCBNRM ProgrammeTourism PolicyWildlife ActWaste Management ActBotswana Strategy for Waste Management
Revised National Policy on Rural Development
Waste Management ActBotswana Strategy for Waste Management
The start of the CBNRM has been very slow in the district mainly because of absence of Wildlife Management Areas
There has been the construction and equipping of the landfill in the district at Pilane. Another landfill will be constructed at Dikwididi. Other waste disposal sites in other parts of the district have been constructed. Implementation of the Mochudi Phase 2 Sanitation Project.
There has not been much impact in terms of natural resource utilization, but in terms of waste management much has been done and the programme is running well.
In terms of harmonizing conflicting policies and programmes something has been done. For example the Mmmashia Policy on Land Management has been drawn, and there is a proposal
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Goal Objectives Policies Possible Impacts
Draft Environmental Impact Assessment ActNational Water Master PlanWetlands Policy
for an Integrated Land Use Plan for the district.
There has been the construction and equipping of the landfill in the district at Pilane. Another landfill will be constructed at Dikwididi. Other waste disposal sites in other parts of the district have been constructed. Implementation of the Mochudi Phase 2 Sanitation Project
There is prevalence of un rehabilitated borrow pits, uncontrolled sand extraction from the rivers.
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CHAPTER FOUR4 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
Kgatleng District being small in size (7600 km2) has to have a sound environmental conservation plan to safeguard against any eventuality. The District has a density of 9.2 people per square kilometre, this in itself, has a bearing on the environment; overgrazing, overstocking, underground water pollution are some of the issues of concern. Most villages depend on underground water for their domestic purposes. It is therefore critical to protect this vital resource from potential harm. This is line with Vision 2016 pillar of ‘A Prosperous, Productive and Innovative Nation”.
4.1.1 Institutional Framework
Most of the issues of environmental nature are the responsibility of the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment through the National Conservation Strategy Agency. There are other environmental issues dealt with by other ministries, NGOs and the Private sector. The district enforces some control on the environment through such organs as District Land Use Planning Unit (DLUPU), Environmental Health Department (Council). It is worth noting that of late all projects of a certain magnitude have to be preceded by an environmental impact assessment. However, there is need to establish an authority to determine which projects require an Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and then subsequently ensure that such EIA is undertaken.
Table 4.13 Strategic Plans For Respective Departments
Ministry Strategic Plan Role
Minerals, Energy and Water Resources
Conservation and protection of the environment
Provision of sewerage facilities to major villages
Ministry of Agriculture Conservation of agricultural resources
Rehabilitation of degraded areasImprove land management practices
Ministry of Trade, Industry, Wildlife and Tourism
Sustaining Wildlife populations and habitats
To promote partnership in sustainable utilisation and management of wildlife resources
To develop and strengthen existing area management plans so as to protect sensitive habitats and rehabilitate degraded ones on continuous basis.
Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment
To promote environmental management throughout the country
Promoting coordination of actions/activities, policies and legislations aimed at protecting the environment.
Providing general advise on proper environmental management and protection
Ministry of Local Government
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4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PRIORITY ISSUES
The following are the environmental priority issues of the district:
Poor Land Management Natural resource utilization Inefficient, shortage, quality and distribution of Water Pollution and waste Management Increasing veldt fires
These issues have been recognised as contributing to the deterioration of the environment in some way. Consequently, they need to be addressed in pursuit of the Vision 2016 which emphasises the need to preserve and conserve the environment in development processes so as to endure sustainability. Addressing these issues would help us in the effort to meet the main challenge in resource development, which is to reduce waste and thus raise productivity of natural resources.
4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATIONS
There are various policies and legislation drafted to address issues of environmental concern. These will be dealt with individually below:-
4.3.1 National Conservation Strategy 1990
This Strategy is concerned with all environmental issues in the country. The focus is on pasture degradation; depletion of wood resources; underground water pollution and over-use of veldt products. Most settlements have an on-site sewage disposal in Kgatleng district. Consequently problems of sewage spillage from septic tanks do occur, there are also pit latrines that in most cases are not lined resulting in underground pollution. This poses a threat to the district water resources and sources as most of the settlements draw water from boreholes. There is need to look into these issues during the plan period.
Pasture degradation is not a major issue in the district either because the livestock population is small or that the district lies in the eastern region where rainfalls are good, and land is mainly devoted to arable farming.
Fuel wood remains the district’s main source of energy with most of the households relying on it entirely. It is imperative therefore for the district to put in place measures to control this state of affairs and possibly come up with alternative energy sources.
4.3.2 Waste Management Act 1998
The act spells out procedures for the creation of landfill sites, waste disposal sites and the general sanitation in villages. It has already been stated that the threat to underground pollution exists in the district. The district has to have a clear waste management plan to be able to address the issues of waste generation, storage and collection. Already there is a landfill constructed in the district at Pilane and the other one will be constructed at Dikwididi during DDP6.
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4.3.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Act (Draft)
This act makes it mandatory for environmental impact assessment to be carried out for environmentally hazardous and large-scale projects. It also embraces archaeological issues. It is pleasing to note that all major developments are currently being preceded by environmental impact assessment in the district, e.g. Pilane landfill.
4.3.4 Community Based Natural Resource Management
There is not much related to the management of natural resources by communities in the district. The community has started a community game farm project at Ramotlabaki, which is still at its infancy stage. Rasesa community has also started a project at “Matsieng historic site” for their benefit. These projects have the potential to generate revenues that can benefit the communities directly. It is hoped that more projects of this nature would be started during DDP 6.
4.3.5 Wetlands Policy 2000
This emphasizes the need to protect and manage all wetlands properly. It is important to ensure that streams and river channels as well as bodies of water whether permanent or temporary are protected from extinction. It is our hope that this will come to full realization during this plan period.
4.4 DDP 6 ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
The environmental goals for the district entails the following:-Table 4.14 Environmental Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
To reduce the effects of soil erosion in the district by proper land use management.
Initiate the preparation of the district’s integrated land use planEncourage lining of drainage channels
To improve waste management efforts through public education and the involvement of private sector.
Conduct workshops and seminarsEnable private sector participation through reasonable rates.Promote recycling of products
To reduce underground water pollution by the use of appropriate technology and regulations.
Enforce the lining of pit latrines in the district.
To reduce dependence on fuel wood by promoting other forms of energy and afforestation.
Public educationAvail seedlings of indigenous trees to people.
To reduce the incidence of veldt fires in the district through proper safety measures and legislation.
Conduct public educationCreate fire control committees.
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4.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Table 4.15 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Legislations
Goal Objectives Policies / Legislation Relevance / Implications
To reduce the effects of soil erosion in the district by proper land use management
Initiate the preparation of the district’s integrated land use planEncourage lining of drainage channels
Vision 2016National Conservation Policy
These have a bearing on land degradation as well as sustainability.
To improve waste management efforts through public education and the involvement of private sector.
Conduct workshops and seminarsEnable private sector participation through reasonable rates.Promote recycling of products
Waste Management ActNational Conservation Policy
The policies spell out how waste problems can be handled
To reduce underground water pollution by the use of appropriate technology and regulations.
Enforce the lining of pit latrines in the district.
Waste Management ActEnvironmental Impact Assessment
Pollution issues are addressed and mitigation measures put into place.
To reduce dependence on fuel wood by promoting other forms of energy and afforestation
Public educationAvail seedlings of indigenous trees to people.
National Conservation StrategyNational Forest Policy
Sustainable utilization of this resource is emphasized.
To reduce the incidence of veldt fires in the district through proper safety measures and legislation.
Conduct public educationCreate fire control committees.
National Forest PolicyAgricultural Resource Act
The preservation of natural resources is promoted and sustainability.
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4.6 PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES TO IMPLEMENT DISTRICT ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMMES
Table 4.16 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed Project Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures
To reduce the effects of soil erosion in the district by proper land use management.
Initiate the preparation of the district’s integrated land use plan
Encourage lining of drainage channels
Preparation of Integrated Land Use Plan
Construction of storm water drainage
None Loss of vegetation Siltation
None Carrying out EIA Regular cleaning up
of channels
To improve waste management efforts through public education and the involvement of private sector.
Conduct workshops and seminars
Enable private sector partici pation through reasonable rates.
Promote recycling of waste
Conduct workshops and seminars
Privatisation of waste collection
Informed community
None
To reduce underground water pollution by the use of appropriate technology and regulations.
Enforce the lining of pit latrines in the district.
Construction of a Landfill at Dikwididi
Educate communities on the use of dry compost toilets
Land degradation and soil erosion
Loss of vegetation
Carrying out EIA
To reduce dependence on fuel wood by promoting other forms of energy and afforestation.
Public education Avail seedlings of indigenous
trees to people.
Organise workshops on environmental issues
Intensify public education on the use of alternative energy sources such as coal and solar
Distribute seedlings to communities during the National Tree Planting Day
Littering Provide waste bins and waste collection points
To reduce the incidence of veldt fires in the district through proper safety measures and legislation.
Conduct public education Create fire control committees.
Construction and equipping of a fire station
Construction and maintenance of fire breaks
Loss of vegetation Carrying out EIA
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4.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6
4.7.1 Issues (Weaknesses) and Strengths for DDP 6:
Having outlined the structural framework desirable for the proper implementation of perceived improved environmental program, it is now fitting to discuss the requisite resources.
Environmental protection is a very costly undertaking. This implicitly means that there will be need for funding. Because of the implicit high cost of the program, funding is probably the single most important resource. The other important resource is management and requisite manpower. Experience has taught us that coordination is a very important element for district level programs. There is also need for capital outlay, which will manifest itself as office space, furniture, equipment, stationery and communication facilities all of which are necessary for operation.
Generally the benefits derived from environmental protection accrue over a very long period rather than in the short term. In addition, the benefits are indirect. Consequently, private operators are reluctant to invest in environmental programs; even governments do not usually pursue environmental programs with adequate commitment. Given these constraints, and indeed the financial constraints, the efforts of government regarding the environment are indeed commendable.
4.7.2 Performance Targets, Development Budget and Plan Monitoring Table 4.17 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Project Performance Target Budget Plan Monitoring
Preparation of Integrated Land Use Plan
Construction of storm water drainage
Plan prepared
Storm Water drainage constructed
P1 000 000
P3 000 000
Preparation and presentation of quarterly progress reports to various district committees and to relevant departments and ministries
Conduct workshops and seminars on waste management
Privatisation of waste collection
Workshops conducted in all villages by the end of the plan period
Collection of waste privatised
P70 000
Not Available
Preparation and presentation of quarterly progress reports to various district committees and to relevant departments and ministries
Construction of a Landfill at Dikwididi
Educate communities on the use of dry compost toilets
Landfill constructed
Workshops conducted
P15 000 000
P70 000
Preparation and presentation of quarterly progress reports to various district committees and to relevant departments and ministries
Organise workshops on environmental
Workshops conducted P70 000 Preparation and presentation of
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Project Performance Target Budget Plan Monitoring
issues
Intensify public education on the use of alternative energy sources such as coal and solar
Distribute seedlings to communities during the National Tree Planting Day
Seedlings distributed to communities
quarterly progress reports to various district committees and to relevant departments and ministries
Construction and equipping of a fire station
Construction and maintenance of fire breaks
Fire station constructed and equipped
Fire breaks Constructed
P6 500 000 Preparation and presentation of quarterly progress reports to various district committees and to relevant departments and ministries
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CHAPTER FIVE5 LAND USE PLANNING
5.1 INTRODUCTION
As defined by the Ministry of Lands and Housing land use planning places emphasis on physical and economic use of the land. That land is a finite resource and needs to be used efficiently, as its demand increases and its availability decreases over time as human population increases.
Kgatleng District Development Plan 6 is therefore geared towards implementing land use projects, which will take into account sustainable land utilization. To this end, all land resource based implemented projects will be required to have a mandatory EIA as a package.
5.1.1 Institutional Framework
Various Ministries have developed strategic plans on land use planning relating to how they intend to use their various land related resources. The use of such natural resources has an environmental impact on land hence there is need to have strategic plans for utilizing such resources. Such strategic plans are as follows per Ministry.
5.1.2 Strategic plans for respective Ministries on Land Use Planning
Ministry of Local Government
For the coming District Development Plan 6, the Ministry’s main preoccupation regarding land use planning is with respect to the implementation of the physical and social infrastructure and services in the district. A need for change is a general consensus with Ministry of Local Government in order to have a timely implementation of approved projects. Thus the provision of basic infrastructure and social services mainly rural administration centres, customary courts, Remote Area Dwellers’ hostels, clinics and health posts, water and sanitation and social and community services.
Thus the development and implementation of the Ministry of Local Government and Strategic Plan regarding the above mentioned projects and social services is based on the understanding that land has been secured, is fully serviced and ready for development.
Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment
Being aware of the fact that serviced land is essential in the order to attract foreign investment to create jobs as well as industrialise and diversify the economy, the MLHE has resolved to secure/acquire land for distribution to eligible customers. The Ministry has pledged to appropriate 6300 hectares of tribal land countrywide for uses in the villages during the calendar 2003. To ensure that this succeeds the Ministry has secured P13 million for compensation of landholders for land acquired for villages by the year 2003.
In addition the Ministry Strategic plan intends to facilitate for distribution of land through enforcement of appropriate policies and legislation. Measures are in place to develop land allocation criteria to ensure/facilitate equitable distribution of land in the district by the year 2002.
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That land is finite means that effort should be taken to ensure land resources are used efficiently to the extent that reclamation of wasteland through assessment of the potential use of the land becomes of the plan. It is on the basis of this that the Ministry has resolved to identify and assess potential use of borrow pits and dump sites within major settlements by the year 2003. In addition the Ministry would carryout geo-technical surveys in ten major settlements to determine suitability for development by the end of NDP8.
Ministry of Agriculture
Regarding the strategic plan on land use planning for the Ministry of Agriculture emphasis is put on the conservation and sustainability of the agricultural resources. This relates more to the existing land resources such as grazing resources, arable farms and some veldt products. Land use planning in the MOA relates to land already used for agricultural purposes.
Ministry of Trade, Wildlife and Tourism
As regard wildlife populations and habitats the Ministry intends to provide input in land-use planning to ensure that pure habitats are protected and their integrity maintained. Effort to minimise human-wildlife conflict would entail deterring livestock from encroaching into wildlife areas and wildlife from causing damage to people’s property. Community participation in the wildlife sector with a view to realise its economic value will be encouraged.
5.1.3 Land Use Planning Consultation Priorities
From the community consultations that took place on the month of September 2001 a number of projects were proposed which had a bearing on land use planning. The following issues were raised by the community and have direct influence on land use planning.
Status of KhurutsheBy virtue of the fact there are RADS children staying in the cattle post area in the North Western part of the District, a primary school and a health post served by a Family Welfare education are available though Kgatleng Land Board does not allocate land there since Khurutshe does not qualify as a recognized settlement. As a result the participants from Khurutshe were not allowed to propose any development projects because it is serviced by Kgomodiatshaba. The settlement is not recognised by the District Settlement Strategy.
Mokatse Customary Court to Chief’s Representative, the residents wants the settlement to be independent from Modipane. It has been recommended that village status be accorded to Modipane.
Roads Construction – Storm Water DrainageComplaints were raised from the participants that when roads are constructed, proper land use planning is not adhered to, as the impact of such projects is not taken into consideration hence floodwater occurs in adjacent properties. There is need for environmental impact assessment to be carried out in order to minimize the negative effects of the projects in the area being developed.
5.2 LAND USE POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
5.2.1 National Settlement Policy 1998
Provides guidelines on equitable distribution of investment, in order to achieve a spatially balanced development countrywide, especially on trained manpower and financial resources.
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This would be reflected in the settlement’s function, size in population, economic potential, and level of infrastructure and of service centres to catchment. In addition land use of the particular settlement is also important. In pursuant to the policy objectives, Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy has been prepared.
5.2.2 District Settlement Strategy
The Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy has not been finalised. It is still in draft form. It covers a period from 1999-2023 and is being prepared by Department of Town and Regional Planning on behalf of the district.
In principle the strategy is to facilitate the implementation at district level of national goals and objectives as indicated in the National Development Plan and the National Settlement Policy. With regard to NSP, settlement plans have been prepared for Mochudi and the River villages and during the plan period other settlement plans will be done.
In addition the district settlement strategy is meant to review the existing land uses and designate land use zones in order to facilitate the optimal use of the land.
One of the goals of the Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy, even though in draft from is to facilitate the efficient use and conservation of existing or available natural resources in order to sustain them. This would be achieved through control of growth of livestock and wildlife populations so as to reduce pressure on land, water and pasture, which are limited in supply. In addition it would lead to integrating conservation and development in order to protect the scarce natural resources and the environment in general.
5.2.3 Integrated Land Use Plans
The district does not have an integrated land use plan and hence will be an important land use project for DDP6.
5.3 LAND USE PLANNING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR DDP6
As a Ministry concerned with land use and utilization, MLHE has developed three basic goals and objectives to deal with the acquisition of land for distribution for various land tenure systems in the district.
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Table 5.18 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
1. Create conducive environment for potential investors
To ensure availability of serviced land
To improve and expand physical infrastructure
To provide adequate community/public facilities
2. Development and promotion of the district’s natural resources to the advantage of the district and socio-economic growth
To identify and facilitate the use of natural resources
3. Promotion of livestock and arable farming Implementation of various agricultural policies and programmes
4. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
Promotion of community based natural resources management projects
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
5. To reduce the effects of soil erosion in the district by proper land use management.
Initiate the preparation of the district’s integrated land use plan
Encourage lining of drainage channels
5.4 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT.
The National Policy on Natural Resources Conservation and Development (National Conservation Strategy Coordinating Agency, 1990) has focused on key environmental issues and solution packages. It establishes the NCSA and its advisory body, the NCSA Board and proposes environmental legislation to particularly make it easy to advocate for environmentally friendly policies and programmes. The incorporation of an EIA on all development projects becomes an integral part of development planning for which Kgatleng DDP6 is no exception.
A broad stakeholder involvement in the development plan process ensures a sense of ownership for natural resources and hence spontaneous need for their conservation and protection.
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5.5 EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL KEY ISSUES WITH SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Table 5.19 Sector Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
1. Create conducive environment for potential investors
To ensure availability of serviced land
To improve and expand physical infrastructure
To provide adequate community/public facilities
Land Loss of vegetationLoss of habitat
2. Development and promotion of the district’s natural resources to the advantage of the district and socio-economic growth
To identify and facilitate the use of natural resources
Natural Resources Over harvesting of resources
3. Promotion of livestock and arable farming
Implementation of various agricultural policies and programmes
LandWaterPollution
Limited access to landHigh water demandDisplacement of people and wildlifePollution of underground water
4. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
Land Land DegradationSoil ErosionDisturbance to the river flow
5. To reduce the effects of soil erosion in the district by proper land use management.
Initiate the preparation of the district’s integrated land use plan
Encourage lining of drainage channels
Land Land use conflicts
Siltation
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5.5.1 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes Table 5.20 Sector Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programs and Impacts
Goals Objectives Policies/Programs Impacts
1. Create conducive environment for potential investors
To ensure availability of serviced land
To improve and expand physical infrastructure
To provide adequate community/public facilities
National Settlement PolicyRural Development Policy
Infrastructure development in progress
2. Development and promotion of the district’s natural resources to the advantage of the district and socio-economic growth
To identify and facilitate the use of natural resources
National Conservation PolicyCBNRM ProgrammeWildlife ActTourism Policy
Not much has been done regarding this.
3. Promotion of livestock and arable farming
Implementation of various agricultural policies and programmes
National Agricultural Development PolicyNAMPAADD
Fencing of ranches has been very slow. NAMPAADD is still at consultation stages.
4. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
National Conservation PolicyCBNRM Programme
Not much has been done regarding this.
5. To reduce the effects of soil erosion in the district by proper land use management.
Initiate the preparation of the district’s integrated land use plan
Encourage lining of drainage channels
National Conservation Policy District Land Use Plan not yet in place, planned for DDP 6. Only settlement plans for selected localities.
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5.6 PROPOSED STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE LAND USE SECTOR GOALS FOR DDP6 Table 5.21 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed Projects Potential Impact Mitigation Measures
1. Create conducive environment for potential investors
To ensure availability of serviced land
To improve and expand physical infrastructure
To provide adequate community/public facilities
Servicing of Pilane Industrial siteDevelopment of the CBD
Loss of vegetationDisplacement of peopleSoil erosion
Relocation of displaced people and adequate compensation
Carry out EIA
2. Development and promotion of the district’s natural resources to the advantage of the district and socio-economic growth
To identify and facilitate the use of natural resources
Development of recreational park
Revival and support of existing community based projects
Loss of some indigenous vegetation species
Land degradation
Carrying out EIA
3. Promotion of livestock and arable farming
Implementation of various agricultural policies and programmes
Demarcation of ranchesDemarcation of arable fields in line with NAMPAADD
Displacement of people
Loss of communal rights to harvesting and gathering
Relocation of displaced people and adequate compensation
4. To protect the environment as well as conserve natural resources
To designate and monitor extraction sites for sand and gravel and ensuring mandatory rehabilitation of those sites
Designation of sites
Put in place some monitoring measures
Land DegradationSoil ErosionDisturbance to the river flow
Carry out EIA
5. To reduce the effects of soil erosion in the district by proper land use management.
Initiate the preparation of the district’s integrated land use plan
Encourage lining of drainage channels
Prepare the Integrated Land Use Plan
Production of Village Development Plans
Construction of Storm Drainage
None
Loss of vegetationSiltation
None
Carrying out EIARegular cleaning up of channels
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5.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS AND PERFORMANCE TARGETS FOR DDP6:
5.7.1 Issues and Strengths
Land use policies and programs are already in place. This is a strength in itself. The district has skilled personnel when it comes to land use, however it is worth noting that decentralization is still not implemented as funds are still centralized at the ministries and it becomes difficult for the district to plan. Another issue is the threat of HIV/AIDS on the manpower. The fact that policies and legislations that deal with land use planning are administered from different departments makes coordination difficult.
Table 5.22 Proposed, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Proposed Projects Performance Targets Budget Plan Monitoring
Servicing of Pilane Industrial site
Development of the CBD
Industrial site serviced by the end of the plan period
CBD Developed
P12m
P20m
Quarterly progress reports to all district committees
Development of recreational park
Revival and support of existing community based projects
Recreational Pak Developed
Community projects revived
P1 053 000 Quarterly progress reports to all district committees
Demarcation of ranches
Demarcation of arable fields in line with NAMPAADD
Ranches demarcated
Arable fields demarcated
None Quarterly progress reports to all district committees
Designation of sand and gravel extraction sites
Put in place some monitoring measures
Sites designated
Measures put in place
None Quarterly progress reports to all district committees
Prepare the Integrated Land Use Plan
Production of Village Development Plans
Construction of Storm Water Drainage
Land Use Plan prepared
Village Development Plans Prepared
Storm Water Drainage Constructed
P1m
P1m
P3m
Quarterly progress reports to all district committees
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CHAPTER SIX6 SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING
6.1 INTRODUCTION
The management, planning and development of settlements and housing is the responsibility of various agencies in the district. However, the bulk of private housing is the responsibility of individuals. Vision 2016 advocates for a Prosperous, Productive and Innovative Nation, the district will continue to facilitate provision of housing to low income category household through loans and technical expertise. This includes SHHA scheme in the district and Habitat housing programme.
6.1.1 Institutional Framework
The Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment is tasked with the overall responsibility of settlement planning and housing delivery through its various machineries and departments. The four local authorities are involved one way or another in the provision of housing. The upgrading of settlements to village status is also a result of the recommendation from the four local authorities.
6.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries
Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment
The Ministry aims at providing good and affordable housing to the public, it also strives to avail land for residential expansion as well as taking care that the fertile land is not consumed at the expense of agricultural production.
In pursuit of the aims of the ministry the district is implementing SHHA programme as well as preparing settlement plans.
Ministry of Local Government
The Ministry is committed to the provision of effective and efficient service delivery to the communities as well as ensuring the provision of basic infrastructure through its various machineries in the district.
6.1.3 Settlement and Housing Consultation Priorities
These are derived from the comments made by communities in their respective villages /settlements and of course from other stakeholders. The top priority for communities is the replication of Self Help Housing Agency scheme to their villages. The delay in plot allocation by the Landboard is also an issue as well as the poor roads in villages. Another priority was the recognition of Mokatse and Khurutshe settlements as villages. Khurutshe is neither a village nor a RAD settlement but apparently there is a RAD school with hostel and a Health Post.
The communities complained that the Artesia Subordinate Land Board refuses to allocate them residential plots at Khurutshe, stating that Khurutshe is not a gazetted settlement. Subsequently the Khurutshe community were not allowed to propose development projects for Khurutshe because it is serviced from Kgomodiatshaba. The issue was brought to the attention of District
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Leadership Committee and finally to the Full Council for discussion. Full Council resolved that development growth should be restricted to retain Khurutshe as a settlement with just the school.
Mokatse
Mokatse residents want to be recognised as an independent settlement from Modipane despite the fact that the two are contiguous. The Council considered that tribal authority had already appointed a Chief Representative there who ranked the same as the one at Modipane. It therefore resolved to recommend to the Ministry that Mokatse be granted recognised settlement status.
In line with the National Settlement Policy (1998), the district has only one primary centre (Mochudi), which is also the district headquarters. The rest fall within tertiary 2 and below. Most services have accumulated in the headquarters with very little to other centres/settlements. The issue of infrastructure and services is paramount in the district and it is therefore critical to follow the National Settlement Policy to permit equity. However, during DDP 6, the district will emphasise on spreading developments to other parts of the district.
6.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
6.2.1 National Settlement Policy 1998
The National Settlement Policy has been reviewed to meet the current challenges notably the fair distribution of infrastructure provision based on a settlement’s size and potentials. The policy was approved by parliament in August 1998. The overall goal of the policy is to provide a comprehensive set of guidelines for national physical planning and to provide framework for guiding the distribution of investment in a way that reflects the settlement’s size, population, economic potential, level of infrastructure and its role as a service centre. One of the basic features of the policy is the creation of a settlement hierarchy to facilitate growth of settlements in support of agricultural production and other productive activities. This policy has helped the district to plan appropriately for its settlements in terms of their hierarchical order.
6.2.2 Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy 1999 - 2023
The District Settlement Strategy spells out the objectives of the National Settlement Policy at district level. The Kgatleng District Settlement Strategy runs for a twenty-four year period i.e. from 1999-2023.The strategy’s overall goal is to guide local authorities in the location and prioritisation of development opportunities in the district. It also facilitates the coordination of national and sectoral policies at district level.
6.2.3 Physical Development Plans
6.2.3.1 South – Eastern Region Master Plan 2003-2027
This plan covers the districts of Kgatleng, Kweneng, Southern, South East and the two towns of Jwaneng and Lobatse as well as the city of Gaborone. Like all the long term plans it covers a 24-year from 2003-2027. The plan is basically intended to improve the living conditions of the resident population. It is aimed at identifying the available resources in each and every settlement / village; the carrying capacity therein and to see how best resources could be utilized in each and every locality.
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6.2.3.2 Integrated Land Use Plan
The district does not have an integrated land use plan to guide growth or development. There is need therefore for the district to prepare it. A small section of the district has an integrated land use plan, the Mmamashia Land Management Plan. This has helped to guide land uses in an area of approximately 118.29 square kilometers.
6.2.3.3 Mochudi Planning Area (Development Plan) 1995 - 2015
The development plan also covers the surrounding villages of Rasesa, Pilane, Morwa and Bokaa. The plan articulates the various land uses in this broad area for the next 20 years, though now only 12 years remain for the plan to end as it was prepared in 1995. Mochudi Planning Area was gazetted under the Town and Country Planning (Declaration of Planning Areas) Order of 18 th
April,1995 through statutory instrument no.27 of 1995.The plan is currently running beyond its horizon, it is therefore imperative that it be reviewed.
6.2.3.4 Development Plan for the River Villages
A development plan is being prepared for the five villages of Malolwane, Ramonaka, Mathubudukwane, Mabalane and Sikwane. These settlements do not have clear village boundaries, the only thing that can help define their extent are their water works areas. The river villages as they are called in the plan are located along the Limpopo river that borders the Republic of South Africa and Botswana in the south-east of Kgatleng District. They have not been declared planning areas. Their development plan stretches from 2002-2026.It is expected that the plan would promote efficient land utilization and avoid sprawling uncoordinated village growth.
6.2.3.5 Town and Country Planning Act 1977
The act makes provision for the orderly and progressive development of land, both in urban and rural areas and to preserve and improve the amenities thereof for the grant of permission to develop land and for other powers of control over the use of land; and for purposes ancillary or connected with matters aforesaid. Although it is stated that it is applicable also in rural areas it is currently used in declared planning areas. In the district it is applied to Mochudi Planning Area which includes Bokaa,Morwa,Pilane,Rasesa &Mochudi. Permission for land development has to be sought from the District Council. However, major developments; change of land uses are referred to the Town and Country Planning Board for decision.
6.2.3.6 Tribal Land Act (Amendment 1993)
This act establishes the Land Boards and spells out their powers and duties. The Land Boards grant both customary and common-law tenures to the public. It is worth mentioning that the act no longer bars non-tribesmen from acquiring land in other tribal areas. The allocation is now based on citizenship allowing every Motswana to settle at his/her place of choice. The greatest problem is non-compliance with development covenants by plot allottees and the apparent leniency by the Land Boards to enforce the act. All land in the District other than the strip along the railway line is held under tribal land tenure system administered by the Kgatleng Land board.
6.2.3.7 National Housing Policy 2000
The National Policy on Housing reflects and responds to issues emerging as the population of the country grows and becomes more urbanized. The goal of the policy is to facilitate the provision
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of decent and affordable housing for all within a safe and sanitary environment. It aims at improving the quality of housing in the rural areas by introducing a modified version of the self-help site and service scheme. The policy strives to shift emphasis of government from home provision to facilitation in the settlements in partnership with other stakeholders and to promote housing as an instrument of economic empowerment and poverty alleviation. The SHHA scheme has been introduced in Mochudi Planning Area since November 2001. It is hoped that the scheme will greatly assist in home development in the district.
6.2.3.8 Institutional Housing
This housing is provided for both officers of central and local government with funds from the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment. However there are other ministries/departments that provide housing to their district based officers, like Ministry of Education, Police, Prisons, to mention but a few. Parastatals and other organizations also provide this housing to their employees. Although the intention is to house each and every employee, some people still share houses, others have to rent out accommodation from private developers. This has a bearing on their social welfare.
6.2.3.9 Self Help Housing Agency
The scheme took effect in the District in November, 2001. The intention or purpose of the scheme is to assist low and middle income families to build or improve their houses (homes). Assistance (loan) is given to individuals earning between P4400 and P36400 per annum as well as to self employed people (Farmers & Business people) of the same income range. The assistance is in the form of materials and payment of labour. No hard cash is given to individuals.
From April 2002 to March 2003 the programme received 124 applications from the planning area. The main problems facing the scheme are the centralized funds at the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment and the skeletal staff employed in this department. It is envisaged that the programme will extend to other villages during DDP6.
6.2.3.10 Rural Housing
This is individual effort by villagers in providing for their shelter. Due to a variety of problems and circumstances the majority of people in the rural areas cannot access finance from lending institutions to start up their own houses. The recently introduced Self Help Housing Agency scheme in the rural areas will go a long way in addressing poor housing in the district. The National Rural Sanitation Programme has also impacted in rural housing by ensuring that a sizeable number of households have an on site sewage disposal facility.
6.3 SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING
6.3.1 Settlement Patterns and Geomorphology
Settlements in the district can be defined as compact and random. Each settlement established itself according to resource availability; some especially the headquarters were located according to defensive positions. There are those that aligned themselves along the Marico river. The geomorphology of the district is varied, consisting of resistant sedimentary and volcanic rocks to the south and west and the sand veldt made of Kalahari sands.
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6.3.2 Physical Development Growth
Most settlements grow spontaneously without any form of control and direction. The settlements grow according to availability of services. In locations where there are difficult conditions such as rock outcrops; sand and gullied ground these would be avoided. Therefore development growth of villages is not limited to any direction in particular. The only area of growth control is the Mochudi Planning Area where detailed layout plans are prepared thereby guiding developments and consequently growth directions for development. Currently a study is being undertaken in the villages of Malolwane;Ramonaka;Mathubudukwane;Mabalane and Sikwane so as to guide their future growth.
6.3.3 Housing Demand
The demand for housing in the district especially in those villages around Gaborone have increased significantly in the past years. The freedom to settle anywhere by citizens has also contributed to this increase.
The demand for services, amenities and resources in the district has tremendously increased within the past 7 years because of migration to the district from other Gaborone and within the district. There are a number of factors that have aggravated this situation. Among these are policies like the Financial Assistance Policy (FAP), the Small Micro Medium Enterprises (SMME), and now CEDA. These have attracted to a great extent economic development to the entire District hence the demand for services and resources. Another major factor is the declaration of Mochudi together with four other immediate settlements of Pilane, Rasesa, Morwa and Bokaa as a planning area in 1995. This opened up wider investment opportunities to the whole District but with the main focus on Mochudi village. As a result there has been rapid economic developments particularly in the Mochudi Planning Area. However, these developments require provision of not only commercial or industrial plots, but to a great extent they require land for residential development.
The demand therefore, for residential plots as well as the demand for social services provision has increased.
6.3.4 Housing Supply
The provision of housing is mostly done by individuals through their own financing or loans from financial institutions. A certain portion of housing supply is done by government institutions and parastatals as well as private companies.
In terms of provision of services, amenities and resources all responsible government agents play very important roles. Kgatleng District has made provision for about 210 housing units for the District. These are estimated at P 62 750 000 (Sixty Two Million, Seven Hundred and Fifty Thousand Pula).
These units will be distributed to various settlements of the District in accordance with the National Settlement Policy and the National Policy on Housing whose goal is to facilitate the provision of decent and affordable housing for all within a safe and Sanitary Environment.
Private individuals in Kgatleng District will benefit from the newly introduced Self-Help Housing Agency programme (SHHA) whose main goal is to facilitate the provision of affordable housing to low-income households.
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6.3.5 General Infrastructure and Services
Infrastructure development is fair to good in the entire district The Mochudi Phase II infrastructure development is currently underway, this includes street lighting; upgrading 17 kilometres of roads to bitumen standard and the provision of storm-water drains. Another development in Mochudi is the provision of sewer lines, this would go a long way in improving sanitation in the village and also reduce the chances of underground water contamination. The provision of most services covers the whole district.
6.4 SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 6.23 Sector goals and Objectives
Goal Objective
Settlement
To provide detailed layout plans to direct village growth and improve infrastructure provision
To guide village growth
To prepare village development plans so as to improve land utilisation
To zone land for various uses
Housing
To provide affordable and durable housing to the communities in the district.
To decentralize SHHA scheme to other villages.
To devolve SHHA scheme to the rest of the district so that all benefit from it.
To decentralize SHHA to other villages.
To reduce sharing of accommodation by public officers so as to improve their social welfare.
To provide adequate housing to public servants
To strive to provide infrastructure in residential areas to improve services.
To improve the social welfare of communities.
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6.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
6.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 6.24 Goals, Objectives Environmental Key Issues and Impact
Goal Objective Key Environmental Issues Impact
Settlement
To provide detailed layout plans to direct village growth and improve infrastructure provision
To guide village growth Land requirement Orderly development
To prepare village development plans so as to improve land utilisation
To zone land for various uses Land requirement Efficient use of land
Housing
To provide affordable and durable housing to the communities in the rest of the district.
To decentralize SHHA scheme to other villages.
Pressure on LandWater supply
Pressure on Land DemandLoss of VegetationLand degradationPressure on water demand
To reduce sharing of accommodation by public officers so as to improve their social welfare.
To provide adequate housing to public servants
Increased demand for landWater SupplyPollution and Waste Management
Pressure on land and water demandUnderground water pollution
To strive to provide infrastructure in residential areas to improve services.
To improve the social welfare of communities.
Increase demand for landWater supply
Loss of vegetationPressure on land and water demand
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6.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes Table 6.25 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goal Objective Policies/Programmes Impacts
Settlement
To provide detailed layout plans to direct village growth and improve infrastructure provision
To guide village growth National Settlement PolicyKgatleng District Settlement StrategyTown and Country Planning Act
The preparation of the layout plans have helped in orderly village growth
To prepare village development plans so as to improve land utilisation
To zone land for various uses
National Settlement PolicyKgatleng District Settlement StrategyTown and Country Planning Act
The preparation of the layout plans have helped in orderly village growth
Housing
To provide affordable and durable housing to the communities in the rest of the district.
To decentralize SHHA scheme to other villages.
National Housing PolicySHHA Programme
The uptake of the SHHA programme where it is implemented in the district has proved successful, so it will be replicated in the rest of the district.
Better Housing for the communities
To reduce sharing of accommodation by public officers so as to improve their social welfare.
To provide adequate housing to public servants
National Housing PolicyDistrict and Institutional Housing
Institutional and district housing in the district has not really improved that much in the district because of lack funds. But with the arrangement that council has taken over the implementation of the District Housing Programme, the situation is improving.
To strive to provide infrastructure in residential areas to improve services.
To improve the social welfare of communities.
National Settlement PolicyKgatleng District Settlement Strategy
There has been an improvement in the provision of infrastructure in the district. It is the intension of the district to continue providing these during DDP 6.
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6.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE SETTLEMENT AND HOUSING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 6.26 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goal Objective Proposed Project Potential Impacts Mitigation measures
Settlement
To provide detailed layout plans to direct village growth and improve infrastructure provision
To guide village growth Preparation layout plans None N/A
To prepare village development plans so as to improve land utilisation
To zone land for various uses
Preparation of Village Development Plans for River Villages
Review of Mochudi Planning Area Development Plan
None N/A
Housing
To provide affordable and durable housing to the communities in the rest of the district.
To decentralize SHHA scheme to other villages.
Replication of the SHHA programme in other parts of the district
Vegetation lossSoil ErosionLand Degradation
SEA
To reduce sharing of accommodation by public officers so as to improve their social welfare.
To provide adequate housing to public servants
Construction District and Institutional Housing
Vegetation lossSoil ErosionLand Degradation
Carry out EIA
To strive to provide infrastructure in residential areas to improve services.
To improve the social welfare of communities.
Provision of Physical infrastructure
Vegetation lossSoil ErosionLand Degradation
Carry out EIA
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6.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6
6.7.1 Issues and Strengths
The SHHA programme has contracted in the Mochudi planning area. There is pressure to replicate it in all other parts of the district and it is the intension of the district to replicate it. The district has skilled manpower to produce detailed layout plans on time. This in itself is a strength. Shortage of funds for district housing is an issue to the district especially that there were backlogs from the previous plans that still needs to be cleared.
6.7.2 Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring Table 6.27 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Proposed Projects Performance Targets Budget Plan Monitoring
Preparation of layout plans
Layout Plans prepared within stipulated period
Not Available Quarterly progress reports prepared and presented to various district committees
Preparation of Village Development Plans for River Villages
Review of Mochudi Planning Area Development Plan
Village Development Plans prepared within stipulated period
Mochudi Planning Area Development Plan Reviewed
P1m
P600 000
Quarterly progress reports prepared and presented to various district committees
Replication of the SHHA programme in other parts of the district
SHHA Programme Replicated in the entire district
P6m (Building material loan)
Quarterly progress reports prepared and presented to various district committees
Construction District and Institutional Housing
Institutional Houses Constructed
District Houses Constructed
Not Available
P38 503 000
Quarterly progress reports prepared and presented to various district committees
Provision of Physical infrastructure
Physical Infrastructure Developed
P148 386 000 Quarterly progress reports prepared and presented to various district committees
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CHAPTER SEVEN7 AGRICULTURE
7.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses agricultural sector and its contribution to the welfare of majority of people in the Kgatleng district. This chapter covers two sub sectors namely: crop production and forestry, and animal health and production. Agriculture as a sector is not only responsible for ensuring food security but also plays a role in provision of income, employment creation as well as investment opportunities in the district.
In line with the theme for Vision 2016, which calls for a sustainable and diversified economy through competitiveness in global markets, Kgatleng District will strive to be a prosperous, productive and innovative society in the field of agricultural production. A combination of its comparative advantage of close proximity to urban markets and good soils along the Notwane and Madikwe rivers will be the driving force leading to the realization of the district’s aspirations.
7.1.1 Institutional Framework
In the district, the Ministry is represented by the following Departments and Divisions:
i. Department of Crops Production and Forestry
Within the Department of Crop Production and Forestry, delivery of extension services in land use planning, soil conservation, forestry and range ecology is geared towards the sustainable use of the natural resources to ensure that soil erosion, deforestation, desertification and gully formation is minimised. ii. Department of Animal Health and Production
The Department of Veterinary Services has sections responsible for disease control and animal production with their roles being prevention of livestock diseases and improvement in the quality of livestock
iii. Department of Cooperatives
The Department offers business advisory services and information to the public. Through these Departments and Divisions, the district will develop on a sustainable and competitive basis the agricultural sector by improving farm incomes, generating employment opportunities and raw materials for agri-business; conserving agricultural natural resources through the promotion and adoption of appropriate technologies and management practices.
7.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries
Ministry of Agriculture
The strategic foundations of this Ministry are its vision, mission and values. These were developed as follows
Promotion of agricultural productivity through an effective and efficient service delivery system and training.
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To enhance customer, stakeholder participation through regular consultation and feedback. To achieve sector competitiveness and sustainability by guaranteeing quality standards. To improve sectoral competitiveness by introducing efficient production and management practices. To develop human resources. To review and formulate appropriate policies through consultations with stakeholders.
Ministry of Trade, Industry, Wildlife and Tourism
The vision for the Ministry is to have a society, that is vibrant, self-sustaining and a diversified economy. It will promote the use of technology product research, resources development and diversification. It will promote meaningful participation of Batswana in the economic life of their country by facilitating the acquisition of technical and other valid skills they need to get into business and remain in business. It will create a conducive environment for business, protect consumer rights and manage wildlife resources to meet local and global challenges.
The natural resources for wildlife population and habitat and their sustainable utilization have a direct bearing on the agricultural resources. The preparation of Kgatleng District Development Plan 6 takes into consideration the fact that livestock industry will not be affected by the conflict between livestock and wildlife for the scarce grazing resources or the threat of food and mouth disease from within the district. The wildlife species found in the district are said to be livestock tolerant hence co-exist.
Geared towards diversifying the economy the Ministry will create conservation awareness that will increase sensitivity to wildlife issues and lead to attitudinal change in support of wildlife conservation to ensure that healthy populations are maintained consistently. This will promote tourism locally and diversify the economy.
Ministry of Lands and Housing and Environment
The strategic plan key results area for the Ministry states that land allocation criteria will take into consideration land use efficiency and equitable distribution of land. The Ministry seeks to develop Land Board to enable them to effectively allocate and manage tribal land. The Ministry of Agriculture acts as a facilitator in management and development of land, therefore agricultural resources depend much on the land management which the MLHE has the statutory powers of the land resources in Botswana. Good land management and coordination will be crucial for achieving agricultural outputs for DDP 6 in the Kgatleng district.
7.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector
Horticultural, dairy, beef production, poultry, and other agricultural activities in the District are mostly undertaken by private individuals, some of whom were funded through the FAP. These activities provide food to the communities in the District.
Agriculture Sector Consultation Priorities
The communities are concerned about lack of employment opportunities due to the fact that the performance of arable agriculture sector has been declining throughout the years, which is mainly due to persistent drought.
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7.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
7.2.1 Community Based Strategy for Rural Development 1997
The Community Based Strategy for Rural Development was approved by the Rural Development Council in 1997. Its main aim is to improve rural livelihoods and reduce poverty in a more effective and sustainable way and consequently reduce dependence on government. Through the strategy communities are mobilised and encouraged to initiate and run projects of their own, thus creating opportunities for the inclusion of communities in management decisions.
7.2.2 District Settlement Strategy
This relates to the provision of portable water, power, telecommunications and roads to the lands areas. It also involves the conservation of scarce agricultural resources for future generations consistent with the broader Agricultural Strategy.
7.2.3 Convention on Combating Desertification 1992
Regarding conservation of agricultural resources, emphasis will be laid on capacity building and limited land rehabilitation program. A National Action Program (NAP) for Botswana which is a framework to combat desertification was produced under United Nations convention to Combat Desertification. Kgatleng district has no problem of desertification.
7.2.4 The National Forest Policy
The forests and woodland of the country represent an important natural resources in terms of providing the majority of rural population with a wide range of benefits entailing supply of wood for energy, construction, building and craft, the supply of non-wood forest products such as honey, bee wax, fruits, medicine, fodder and habitat for wildlife and livestock and maintaining the environmental balance. Due to severe pressure from over exploitation and drought and fire the biggest challenge is to foster sustainable utilization of these resources to ensure a continuous flow of goods and services from these forests without irreversibly damaging their capacity to recover.
A new National Forest Policy providing an enabling framework for achieving conservation, sustainable management and development of forestry has been initiated. Its objective is to ensure an enhanced forestry activities to all sectors of the population now and in the future. All the Strategies and programmes for DDP 6 shall be pursued in accordance with the New Forest policy.
7.2.5 National Policy on Agricultural Development 1991
This is a 1991 MOA policy that was designed to improve agricultural production. The fencing component of the Policy has an impact on the existing land resources as it lead to a major shift from communal grazing to commercial livestock rearing although in most potential areas development is still for below the expectations. Most potential farmers seem not to be ready to go into commercial ranching as their main concern is the size of the proposed ranches and not so much the management aspect of it. There is that latent fear that the policy might not achieve its intended aims of improving the livestock subsector and sustainable use of the grazing resources.
7.2.6 Tribal Land Act 1968
This is a statutory legislation that provides the Land Board with authority to allocate communal land for various purposes including arable and pastoral farming. Some of the
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communal grazing and arable farms are used on leasehold basis such as the Tribal Land Grazing Policy. The National Master Plan for Arable Agriculture and Dairy Development is aimed at improving production in the land is suitable and is also allocated for agricultural purposes.
7.2.7 Agricultural Resource Act
Its main aim is to ensure that natural resources are used on a sustainable basis with stock limitations on appropriate carrying capacity. It calls for public awareness on the danger of over-harvesting of veldt products, borrow material without rehabilitation, veldt fire and use of environmentally friendly technologies. It calls for the use of coal and other form of energy as opposed to cutting life trees.
7.2.8 Botswana Rangeland Inventory and Management Project (BRIMP)
Botswana Rangeland Inventory and Management Project relates to the quarterly progress reports that are normally issued by the Range Ecology section of the MOA. It provides date on the status and condition of vegetation per district as well as the monthly and seasonal variation of rainfall amounts. This piece of information is very important in that it provides decision makers with guidelines on the coming growing season for agricultural purposes. The rainfall data indicates the availability of moisture for arable farming and the possibility of vegetation (grazing resources) improving.
7.2.9 National Policy on Land Tenure
The policy seeks to vigorously enforce conservation acts in all grazing areas including communal areas, commercial grazing areas and state and freehold areas.
7.3 AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ACTIVITIES.
The agricultural sector activities in the district are crop sub sector and Livestock sub sector and Co-operative sub sector.
7.3.1 Crops sub sector
7.3.1.1 Rain-fed Agriculture
This sector is dominated by small farmers with inadequate drought power, poor technology and inadequate funds hence low yields. In an effort to address these issues Arable Land Development Programme (ALDEP) was introduced to improve income level, and food security in rural areas through subsidized inputs. However this programme was suspended during DDP 5 pending evaluation. Kgatleng District is one of the targeted districts under NAMPAAD, and has found out that rain-fed crop production is economically viable provided farmers are empowered and provided with skills to shift from subsistence to commercial farming. This means using modern means of production and this require funds and at least 150 ha of land owned by an individual or groups.
7.3.1.2 Irrigated Agriculture (horticulture)
Irrigated agriculture has been identified as a priority area for diversification of agricultural production base. It is concerned mainly with horticultural or vegetable production on basis of soil suitability, availability of water, production parameters and marketing aspects. This is part and parcel of the projects in DDP 6 that will be given first priority in Kgatleng District.
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7.3.2 Livestock sub sector
7.3.2.1 Dairy Farming
Being close to a good market for milk products, Gaborone, Kgatleng will benefit from government effort to develop the dairy industry. The Ministry of Agriculture will take an active part by, providing the necessary infrastructure and identifying suitable land for irrigation of fodder products.
Although the Central Governments extensions are known in dairy, irrigated and rain-fed agriculture, data that is available to support these statements (district allocation) are not available at district but only at national level. This makes it difficult to know how much funds are earmarked for Kgatleng District for NDP9/DDP6.
7.3.2.2 Beef Production
This is the sector that seems to be doing well in the district despite persistent drought. It is implemented through Department of Animal Health and Production based in Mochudi with extension officers in some parts of the district. The Department has come up with initiative to improve production and marketing through implementation of fencing component of New Agricultural Development Policy and livestock identification and trace-back system respectively.
7.3.3 Cooperatives sub sector
Department of Cooperative is responsible for registration of cooperative societies and ensuring compliance with Cooperatives Act, encouraging formation of cooperatives societies, assisting in efficient running of cooperatives societies through provision of business advice and provision of human resources development to cooperatives movements. Cooperatives create employment for rural areas where they operate.
7.4 AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 7.28 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
Conservation of agricultural resources To combat effect of land degradation.
Improvement in food security at the household and national level
To diversify the agricultural production base.
To enhance technology transfer through development and delivery of appropriate extension messages.
To develop appropriate extension services
To maintain a healthy head by preventing and controlling livestock diseases
To maintain surveillance of diseases of economic importance such as foot and mouth disease, mad cow diseases and Newcastle diseases in Kgatleng district throughout plan period.
To construct and renovate disease control infrastructure such as crushes.
To control measures diseases in all cattle in Kgatleng district
To encourage cooperative development To provide business advisory services.
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7.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
7.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 7.29 Sector Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
1.Conservation of agricultural resources
To combat effect of land degradation.
Land management, Natural utilization
None
2. Improvement in food security at the household and national level
To diversify the agricultural production base.
Land management, Natural utilizationWater supply
Over usage of natural resources, land degradation, water pollution
3. To enhance technology transfer through development and delivery of appropriate extension messages.
To develop appropriate extension services
Land management, Natural utilizationWater supply
Over usage of natural resources, land degradation, water pollution
4. To maintain a healthy head by preventing and controlling livestock diseases
To maintain surveillance of diseases of economic importance such as foot and mouth disease, mad cow diseases and Newcastle diseases in Kgatleng district throughout plan period.
To construct and renovate disease control infrastructure such as crushes.
To control major diseases in all cattle in Kgatleng district
None
Land, natural resource utilization
Pollution and waste management
N/A
Land degradation, over usage of natural resources
Littering
5. To encourage cooperative development
To provide business advisory services.
None Not applicable
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7.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Polices and Programs Table 7.30 Sector Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goals Objectives Sector Policies/Program
Impacts
1.Conservation of agricultural resources
To combat effect of land degradation.
Agricultural Resources Act, Fencing component of New Agricultural Development Policy
Fair to good in terms of implementation.
2. Improvement in food security at the household and national level
To diversify the agricultural production base.
New Agricultural Development Policy,
Fair to good in terms of implementation.
3. To enhance technology transfer through development and delivery of appropriate extension messages.
To develop appropriate extension services
New Agricultural Development Policy
Fair to good, small agricultural holdings have been allocated and NAMPAADD have identified the district as priority area.
4. To maintain a healthy head by preventing and controlling livestock diseases
To maintain surveillance of diseases of economic importance such as foot and mouth disease, mad cow diseases and Newcastle diseases in Kgatleng district throughout plan period.To construct and renovate disease control infrastructure such as crushes.
To control major diseases in all cattle in Kgatleng district
New Agricultural Development Policy
New Agricultural Development Policy
New Agricultural Development Policy
The Department has been conducting this surveillance
Crushes have been constructed and maintained during DDP 5.
The Department has been conducting this surveillance
5. To encourage cooperative development
To provide business advisory services.
New Agricultural Development Policy
This is the core business of the Department and will continue to be done.
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7.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Table 7.31 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed Projects
Potential Impacts
Mitigation measures
1.Conservation of agricultural resources
To combat effect of land degradation.
To rehabilitate 7 dams
Revive three 4B agro forestry projects
None
Pressure on Water supply
NA
Conserve water usage
2. Improvement in food security at the household and national level
To diversify the agricultural production base.
Facilitate establishment ofPoultry, piggery, dairy, horticulture and cash crops projects
Pressure on land, pressure on water supply and over exploitation of natural resources
EIA
3. To enhance technology transfer through development and delivery of appropriate extension messages.
To develop appropriate extension services
To conduct farm walk, conduct 48 crop demonstration
To promote crop husbandry practices
Facilitate 12 show/work camps
Pressure on land, pressure on water supply and over exploitation of natural resources
SEA
4. To maintain a healthy head by preventing and controlling livestock diseases
To maintain surveillance of diseases of economic importance such as foot and mouth disease, mad cow diseases and Newcastle diseases in Kgatleng district throughout plan period.To construct and renovate disease control infrastructure such as crushes.
To control major diseases in all cattle in Kgatleng district
Carry out disease investigation
Construction and renovation of crushes
Carry out disease investigation
None
Land degradation
None
SEA
5. To encourage cooperative development
To provide business advisory services.
To provide business advisory services.
None None
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7.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT FOR DDP 6 Table 7.32 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Goals Objectives Proposed Projects Performance target
Budget Plan monitoring
1.Conservation of agricultural resources
To combat effect of land degradation.
To rehabilitate 7 dams
Revive three 4B agro forestry projects
7 dams rehabilitated
Three 4B agro forestry projects revived
Not available
Not available
Progress reports
Progress reports
2. Improvement in food security at the household and national level
To diversify the agricultural production base.
Facilitate establishment ofPoultry, piggery, dairy, horticulture and cash crops projects
Establishment ofPoultry, piggery, dairy, horticulture and cash crops projects
Not available
Progress reports
3. To enhance technology transfer through development and delivery of appropriate extension messages.
To develop appropriate extension services
To conduct farm walk, conduct 48 crop demonstration
To promote crop husbandry practices
Facilitate 12 show/work camps
Farm walk conducted, 48 crop demonstration conducted
Crop husbandry promoted
12 show/work camps facilitated
Not available
Not available
Not available
Progress reports
Progress reports
Progress reports
4. To maintain a healthy head by preventing and controlling livestock diseases
To maintain surveillance of diseases of economic importance such as foot and mouth disease, mad cow diseases and Newcastle diseases in Kgatleng district throughout plan period.To construct and renovate disease control infrastructure such as crushes.
To control major diseases in all cattle in Kgatleng district
Carry out disease investigation
Construction and renovation of crushes
Carry out vaccination
Disease investigation carried out
Crushes constructed and renovated
Vaccination carried out
Not available
Not available
Not available
Progress reports
Progress reports
Progress reports
5. To encourage cooperative development
To provide business advisory services.
To provide business advisory services.
Business advisory services provided
Not available
Progress reports
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CHAPTER EIGHT8 TRADE, INDUSTRY, WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
8.1 INTRODUCTION
The Trade, Industry, Wildlife and Tourism sector is committed to the realization of the Vision 2016 aspiration of Building a Prosperous, Productive and Innovative Nation by facilitating the promotion and attraction of both domestic and foreign investment in the industrial and commercial sectors so as to achieve sustainable and diversified development. It is also charged with the responsibility to ensure sustainable development of Botswana Wildlife and Tourism sectors, which have the potential to contribute to the growth and diversification of the economy, which, in the long run will generate sustained socio-economic benefits to the nation. At the district level, the Ministry is represented by the departments of Industrial Affairs, Wildlife and National Park and Tourism.
8.1.1 Institutional Framework
8.1.1.1 Industrial Affairs
The department, through its division of Integrated Field Services, is responsible for promoting industrial development through provision of business skills to both existing and aspiring entrepreneurs in the district.
8.1.1.2 Wildlife and National Parks
The department will continue involving local communities in the management of the wildlife resources in the district for the latter to derive direct benefits from them. The department is also committed to developing partnerships with the local communities, for future conservation of the wildlife resource.
8.1.1.3 Tourism
The department is charged with the mandate of maximising the sustainable utilisation of the district’s tourism resources for the benefit of local communities. It is also responsible for the promotion and marketing of tourism and for the formulation and implementation of tourism policies and programmes.
8.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries
Ministry of Trade, Wildlife and Tourism
The Ministry’s goal is to establish and maintain conducive environment for diversified sustainable economic activities.
CEDA
Its aim is to ensure development of viable, sustainable citizen-owned business enterprises that are able to able to add value to the economy.
Ministry of Finance and Development Planning
To ensure efficient and sound economic development.
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Ministry of Local Government
This Ministry through the District Councils spearheads the development of this sector through the provision of infrastructure services to both commercial and industrial areas. The Council is also responsible for preparing layouts for both commercial and Industrial purposes.
Ministry of Lands and Housing
The Ministry will create a conducive environment for investors through the preparation of Integrated Land Use Plans to facilitate better land allocation and management. In addition, it provides long-range guidance to the district and village level development planning and implementation through the National Settlement Policy and the District Settlement Strategy.
8.1.3 Role of the Private Sector
The private sector will continue to establish small manufacturing and commercial enterprises to boost the district’s industrial development, and take advantage of district’s proximity to the larger market in Gaborone. Individuals and private companies are also expected to engage in game ranching activities, though at a small scale, since the district has very few wildlife species. The involvement of the private sector, as well as individuals in these activities is expected to drive the realisation of NDP9 theme, which is “Towards Realisation of Vision 2016”: Sustainable and Diversified Development through competitiveness in Global Markets”.
8.1.4 Consultation Priorities
Communities raised a concern that there is lack of employment opportunities in rural areas due to the fact that the main source of livelihood, which is agriculture, has experienced a dramatic decline in the past, mainly due to persistent drought. It also emerged that some individuals and groups have been granted FAP and CEDA funds but there is insignificant progress made because of the following factors: -
Lack of entrepreneurial skills because of the cost sharing practice. Lack of markets and lack of diversification of projects undertaken since most FAP recipients concentrated on the same type of projects such as sewing, welding and brick moulding.
They therefore called for intensive training of entrepreneurs in both business management and marketing skills to sustain these projects.
8.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
8.2.1 Tribal Land Act
This Act is administered by the Land Board and gives guidance in allocation of land for various purposes, including land for commercial and industrial purposes.
8.2.2 CEDA 2001
The Citizen Entrepreneur Development Agency (CEDA) was established in 2001 to replace the Financial Assistance Policy. This was after the findings of the review on the latter policy that the programme (FAP) was no longer effective in achieving its objective of promoting sustainable employment creation. CEDA was therefore introduced to give out loans and provide mentoring to citizen owned projects in all sectors of the economy.
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In order to promote industrial and commercial development, communities will be mobilized to utilize CEDA loans and venture into income generating activities, to boost the ailing rural economies, by providing the much needed employment and income.
8.2.3 Tourism Policy 1990
During DDP 6 tourism development in the district will be guided by the Tourism Policy of 1990, as well as the Tourism Master Plan. The Eco-Tourism Strategy will also go a long way in providing guidance to communities to enable them to utilize the rich cultural heritage of Bakgatla by establishing eco-tourism projects that will not only benefit them financially but will also help communities to preserve them for future generations.
8.3 TRADE, INDUSTRY, WILDLIFE AND TOURISM SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Table 8.33 Sector Goals and Objectives
Department of Tourism
Goals Objectives
To develop and promote the district’s natural and tourism resources and commercially exploit them on sustainable basis
To mobilize communities to come up with employment creation opportunities in the tourism sector
To sensitise communities and the public at large on the importance of tourism
To encourage communities in the district to invest in tourism development
Department of Industrial Affairs
Goals Objectives
To promote industrial development by training entrepreneurs in various skills and provision of business advice
To train entrepreneurs various business skills and management
Department of Wildlife
Goals Objectives
To manage species-specific off-take to fall within biological sustainable quota
To reduce over hunting due to abuse of licenses throughout the plan periodTo reduce the killing of problem animals To reduce poaching level by the end of the plan period.
To educate general public on the importance of wildlife To promote awareness on the importance of wildlife To facilitate the start of wildlife projects in schools
To develop guidelines for the conservation of species of concern
To come up with an inventory of wildlife species in the districtTo develop management strategies for species of concern throughout the plan period
To engage community in the sustainable utilization of wildlife resources
To mobilize communities to engage in Community Based Natural Resources Management To conduct appropriate training for communities in financial management skills and business ethics To put in place a fully operational CBNRM coordinating mechanism
8.4 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
The most direct link between environment and this sector is the Wildlife and tourism, and industrial activities. However, the forthcoming E1A legislation will address environmental impacts of these activities.
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8.4.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 8.34 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Department of Tourism
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
To develop and promote the district’s natural and tourism resources and commercially exploit them on sustainable basis
To mobilize communities to come up with employment creation opportunities in the tourism sector
LandNatural Resources
Over exploitation of natural resources
Land degradation
To sensitise communities and the public at large on the importance of tourism
To encourage communities in the district to invest in tourism development
Natural Resource None
Department of Industrial Affairs
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
To promote industrial development by training entrepreneurs in various skills and provision of business advice
To train entrepreneurs various business skills and management
LandWater supplyPollution and Waste Management
Effective entrepreneurship
Department of Wildlife
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
To manage species-specific off-take to fall within biological sustainable quota
To reduce over hunting due to abuse of licenses throughout the plan period
To reduce the killing of problem animals
To reduce poaching level by the end of the plan period.
Land Management
Natural Resource Utilisation
Biological Conservation
To educate general public on the importance of wildlife
To promote awareness on the importance of wildlife
To facilitate the start of wildlife projects in schools
Natural Resource Educated community
To develop guidelines for the conservation of species of concern
To come up with an inventory of wildlife species in the district
To develop management strategies for species of concern throughout the plan period
Natural Resource Conservation of species
To engage community in the sustainable utilization of wildlife resources
To mobilize communities to engage in Community Based Natural Resources Management
To conduct appropriate training for communities in financial management skills and business ethics
To put in place a fully operational CBNRM coordinating mechanism
LandNatural Resources
Over exploitation of natural resources
Land degradation
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8.4.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes Table 8.35 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goal Objectives Policies/Programmes Impacts
To develop and promote the district’s natural and tourism resources and commercially exploit them on a sustainable basis
To reduce over hunting due to abuse of licenses throughout the plan period
To reduce the killing of problem animals
To reduce poaching level by the end of the plan period.
CBNRMTourism PolicyTourism Master Plan
Nothing much has been done in the district
To sensitise communities and the public at large on the importance of tourism
To promote awareness on the importance of wildlife
To facilitate the start of wildlife projects in schools
CBNRMTourism PolicyTourism Master Plan
Nothing much has been done in the district
To promote industrial development by training entrepreneurs in various skills and provision of business advice
To come up with an inventory of wildlife species in the district
To develop management strategies for species of concern throughout the plan period
Industrial Development Policy
A number entrepreneurs have been trained in the district and the IFS office still intending to continue parting skills during plan period
To manage species specific take-off to fall within biological sustainable quota
To mobilize communities to engage in Community Based Natural Resources Management
To conduct appropriate training for communities in financial management skills and business ethics
To put in place a fully operational CBNRM coordinating mechanism
Wildlife Management Regulations
Wildlife Conservation and National Parks Act
Wildlife Conservation Policy
Nothing much has been done in the district
To educate general public on importance of wildlife
To promote awareness on the importance of wildlife
To facilitate the start of wildlife projects in schools
National Conservation StrategyWildlife Conservation and National Parks ActWildlife Conservation Policy
Nothing much has been done in the district
To develop Guidelines for the conservation of species of concern
To come up with an inventory of wildlife species in the district
To develop management strategies for species of concern throughout the plan period
National Conservation StrategyWildlife Conservation Policy
Nothing much has been done in the district
To engage communities in sustainable utilization of wildlife resources
To mobilize communities to engage in Community Based Natural Resources Management
To conduct appropriate training for communities in financial management skills and business ethics
To put in place a fully operational CBNRM coordinating mechanism
CBNRM Nothing much has been done in the district
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8.5 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE TRADE, INDUSTRY, WILDLIFE AND TOURISM GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
During the plan period, the departments of Wildlife and National Parks, Tourism, and Industrial Affairs through the IFS office in Mochudi will not be undertaking any construction projects. Most of the goals and objectives will be achieved through kgotla meetings, as well as workshops and seminars, hence there will not be any environmental impacts or it will be insignificant.
The strategies that will be undertaken are as shown in the table below.
Sector Goals Sector Objectives Proposed Activity
Resource Requirements
Performance Indicators
Monitoring Programme
Tourism
Goal 1 To have mobilized communities to come up with employment creation opportunities in the tourism sector by 2009
Kgotla meetingsSeminars
Human ResourcesVehiclesFunds = P70 000
Number of workshops held per yearNumber of projects initiated by communities
Quarterly reports to DETAnd DDC
Goal 2To sensitize communities and the public at large on importance of tourism by 2006
Kgotla meetingsSeminars
Industrial Affairs
Goal 1
To have well trained entrepreneurs who understand most business concepts and are highly skilled by 2009
To continue monitoring and mentoring all FAP funded and no-funded projects throughout the plan period
Seminars
Project Follow ups
Human ResourcesVehiclesFunds = P150 000
Number of projects running well by 2009
Quarterly reports to DET And DDC
Wildlife
Goal 1
To have reduced over hunting due to abuse of licenses by 2009To reduce the killing of animals as problem animals by at least 10% per annum throughout the plan periodTo have reduced documented poaching level by at least 50% by 2009
Field tripsLicensing Human
ResourcesVehiclesFunds
Reduced incidence of over hunting and poaching by 2009
Quarterly reports to DETAnd DDC
Goal 2 To have viable projects in at least 80% of the schools with environmental clubs by end of the plan period
Field trips Human ResourcesVehiclesFunds
Number of viable projects established by clubs
Quarterly reports to DET And DDC
Sector Goals Sector Objectives Proposed Resource Performance Monitoring 75
Sector Goals Sector Objectives Proposed Activity
Resource Requirements
Performance Indicators
Monitoring Programme
Activity Requirements Indicators Programme
Goal 3To have an initial list of species of concern by December 2003To have developed management strategies for species of concern by 2009
Human ResourcesVehicles
List completed by end of December 2003Strategies formulated by 2009
Quarterly reports to DET and DDC
Goal 4
To have mobilized all relevant communities to engage in CBNRM projects by December 2003To have conducted appropriate training for communities in financial management skills and business ethics by December 2004To have fully operational CBNRM coordinating mechanism in place by December 2003
Kgotla meetings
Workshops
Human ResourcesVehiclesFunds = 70 000
Number of kgotla meetings and workshops conducted
Quarterly reports to DET and DDC
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CHAPTER NINE9 EDUCATION AND TRAINING
9.1 INTRODUCTION
The future development of education in Botswana is guided by the Revised National Policy on Education (RNPE) of 1994. In Kgatleng District, there are various levels of providing education, which are Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary levels. Implementation and achievement of the education goals and objectives for the district will also be guided by the same policy and are geared towards achieving the Vision 2016 Pillar on “Building an Educated and Informed Nation”.
9.1.1 Institutional Framework
Education and training responsibilities for Primary Education are shared between the Ministry of Local Government and the Ministry of Education. The latter is responsible for policy formulation while the former is responsible for policy implementation through the provision of appropriate infrastructure to primary schools. Secondary Education falls under the responsibility of the Department of Secondary Education in the Ministry of Education, which is also responsible for private secondary schools. The Ministry of Education is also responsible for Non-Formal Education and Vocational Education and Training. At the district level the ministry of Education is represented by the Department of Primary Education, Secondary Education, Non-Formal Education, teacher Training and Development and Vocational Education and Training through the Brigades which are partly funded by the government and partly by the communities.
9.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries
Ministry of Education
The Ministry’s mission is to provide quality education and training that is accessible to learners of all age groups and to create opportunities for life long learning to enable individuals to attain their full potential and to contribute to national socio-economic and technological advancement. This will be achieved through efficient and effective management of the national education and training system, development and implementation of relevant and responsive education policies and provision of an enabling environment for learning.
Ministry of Local Government
The mandate of the Ministry of Local Government is to provide basic physical and social infrastructure in particular through provision and maintenance of primary school infrastructure and provision of social protection systems. This will be achieved through the following goal:
To improve the quality of life by providing primary school infrastructure in the district. To clear the maintenance backlog of facilities in the district To improve social safety nets by targeting vulnerable groups, such as the needy pupils and the RADs under the National Strategy for Poverty Reduction To provide social protection by improving delivery of food and other amenities to vulnerable groups
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Ministry of Agriculture
The Ministry of Agriculture plans to increase agricultural technology development and transfer through the following strategic goals:
To promote science and technology based agricultural development through strong research extension linkages To increase agricultural knowledge through regular targeted technology-based training. That is developing specialised training modules according to the customer needs.
Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs
The role of the Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs in terms of Education and Training is to provide information through generating, acquiring and disseminating information for purposes of education and research. This is done through the Mochudi Branch Library and Phuthadikobo Museum.
9.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector
The District will continue to hive off to the private sector those activities that are not the core business of education and training. Office cleaning, security services, catering, gardening, and landscaping are some areas that have been identified for privatisation. The private sector will also continue to complement government in the provision of education at pre-school and primary and secondary levels, as well as through schools for people with disabilities. In the district there is only one private primary school, Raserura, several pre-schools, and two special education centres. That is Pudologong Centre for the Blind and Motswedi Rehabilitation Centre for the disabled.
9.1.4 Education and Training Consultation Priority Issues
The following issues were raised during the community consultation workshops:
Long or overstay of teachers in one school or districtThe community was concerned that staying too long in one area by teachers tends to influence their behaviour negatively in delivering quality teaching and social interaction with the community they are serving.
Poor and Inadequate Teachers’ AccommodationThere was a concern was raised to the effect that teachers like other civil servants should be accommodated properly in houses that have amenities such as electricity, etc.
Strengthening Planning and coordination capacity at district level for better utilization of resources. For example adjusting the enrolment of primary schools to their capacities.
9.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
9.2.1 Revised National Policy on Education 1994
The Revised National Policy on Education (RNPE) was approved by the National Assembly on the 7th April 1994.
This policy outlines the government’s reactions to the recommendations of the Report of the National Commission on Education (1993) and lays down policy guidelines and strategies for future educational development.
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The RNPE spells out the strategy for educational development whose long-term perspective is up to 25 years groups in the society through the following main issues:
Access and equity Effective preparation of students for life, citizenship and the world of work Improvement and maintenance of quality of the education system Enhancement of the performance and status of the teaching profession Efficient management of the education system Cost effectiveness and cost sharing in the financing of the education system
The district has done much in trying to realise the above. For example in terms of cost effectiveness and cost sharing in financing of education, foreign students have already started paying for their education; the transition from primary to secondary education has been achieved by the district.
9.3 EDUCATION
Education sector has the following responsibilities, primary, secondary, tertiary and private institutions. Map 9.1 shows the distribution of education facilities in the Kgatleng District.
Map 9.2 Distribution of education facilities in the Kgatleng District
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9.3.1 Schools
9.3.1.1 Primary and Special Education
Primary education in the context of the Botswana education system falls under the joint jurisdiction of the Ministries of Education and Local Government with the former being responsible for the professional aspects of the primary education system such as the curriculum, development of instructional materials, teacher training at both pre-service and in-service levels, assessment/examinations procedures, school management/supervision, career progression of teachers including conditions of service. On the other hand, the Ministry of Local Government is responsible for development of infrastructure for primary education such as classrooms and teachers’ quarters construction. Local Government carries out this mandate through the local authorities and amongst other aspects the local authorities are charged with the responsibility for purchase and distribution of school supplies, school transport as well as matters relating to welfare such as provision of housing.
The Special Education is an integral component of the mainstream education system.A notable achievement in this field has been the continued establishment of special education units within the conventional school system to cater for children with disabilities. In Kgatleng District special units have been introduced in some schools, for example there is a special unit for the visually impaired at Lencwe Primary School and a special unit for the mentally retarded at Kgafela Primary School. This is an approach that should be emphasised for the education system to cater for the majority of our disabled children in a most cost effective manner that avoids unnecessary duplication of resources. The government through all the stakeholders should put in place the required support structures or services like:-
Transport for disabled students Support for both disabled children and their parents/guardians. Provision of requisite instructional materials and equipment Provision of appropriate trained teachers and support staff Inculcation of positive attitudes on the part of the parents/guardians and the
community in general towards the disabled.
Naturally, provision of special education in the Botswana context cannot be viewed in isolation from the broader education system.
Kgatleng District Council has 35 Setswana medium primary schools. There is one mission school run by the Roman Catholic Church at Morwa. One new school is being built in Mochudi making a total of 36 primary schools. There is also one privately run English medium school.
The table below shows the current situation at our primary schools, the projected enrolment for the plan period 2003 – 2009 per school at 5% growth annual rate.
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Table 9.36 Existing Primary School Facilities in Kgatleng District and Projected Pupil Enrolment up to 2009 at 5% Growth Rate
School C/rooms T/Quarters No. ofTeachers
Toilets Enrol2002
Enrol2003
Enrol2004
Enrol2005
Enrol2006
Enrol2007
Enrol2008
Enrol2009
1. Artesia 17 16 15 20 389 408 428 449 471 495 520 546
2. Bogatsu 21 10 22 50 614 645 677 711 747 784 823 864
3. Boiteko 7 6 6 8 85 89 93 98 103 108 113 119
4. Dikgonnye 9 7 8 8 195 205 215 226 237 249 261 274
5. Dikwididi 7 6 7 12 108 113 119 125 131 138 145 152
6. Isang 22 12 24 22 676 710 746 783 822 863 906 951
7. Kgabosereto 16 9 19 24 545 572 601 631 663 696 731 768
8. Kgabotshwene 9 6 8 9 161 169 177 186 195 205 215 226
9. Kgafela 22 11 32 9 944 991 1041 1093 1148 1205 1265 1328
10. Kgomodiatshaba 8 6 8 13 152 160 168 176 185 194 204 214
11. Khurutshe 7 4 8 12 81 85 89 93 98 103 108 113
12. Lady Mitchison 22 12 26 45 836 878 922 968 1016 1067 1120 1176
13. Leshibitse 9 7 7 10 92 97 102 107 112 118 124 130
14. Letsebe 19 14 15 27 446 468 491 516 542 569 597 627
15. Linchwe 13 7 26 9 379 398 418 439 461 484 508 533
16. Mabalane 9 8 8 13 173 182 191 201 211 222 233 245
17. Matebele 12 11 12 15 271 285 299 314 330 347 364 82
18. Matsieng 12 8 14 29 291 306 321 337 354 372 391 411
19. Mmusi 22 13 24 34 807 847 889 933 980 1029 1080 1134
20. Modipane 15 11 16 13 454 477 501 526 552 580 609 639
21. Olifantsdrift 11 9 9 18 214 225 236 248 260 273 287 301
22. Oodi 19 16 18 18 505 530 557 585 614 645 677 711
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School C/rooms T/Quarters No. ofTeachers
Toilets Enrol2002
Enrol2003
Enrol2004
Enrol2005
Enrol2006
Enrol2007
Enrol2008
Enrol2009
23. Phaphane 22 11 22 28 679 713 749 786 825 866 909 954
24. Pilane 11 8 12 13 266 279 293 308 323 339 356 374
25. Raditladi 22 16 20 41 538 565 593 623 654 687 721 757
26. Ramogotsi 10 6 11 15 240 252 265 278 292 307 322 338
27. Rankoa 21 15 21 22 617 648 680 714 750 788 827 868
28. Rasesa 18 11 21 30 518 544 571 600 630 662 695 730
29. Seingwaeng 18 12 19 20 498 523 549 576 605 635 667 700
30. Segale 22 14 29 23 967 1015 1066 1119 1175 1234 1296 1361
31. Sikwane 10 7 9 11 223 234 246 258 271 285 299 314
32. Tlhaakgame 14 13 13 18 302 317 333 350 368 386 405 425
33. Mmadipamo 8 14 7 15 29 298 329 345 362 380 399 419
34. Ramonaka 8 8 7 41 116 122 128 134 141 148 155 163
35. Ramotlabaki 7 7 7 22 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125
Totals 491 351 530 717 13501 14445 15183 15941 16738 17578 18452 19072
Source: Primary Education Department (Kgatleng District Council) - 2002
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According to the enrolment growth shown on the above table, there are no expectations of any large increase in the student population that might need an extra primary school. However, provision would be made for two new primary schools to cater for any crucial circumstances that might arise during the plan period.9. There are however plans to expand the same primary schools in order to meet the requirements of the RNPE.
When looking at the projected enrolment, Segale, Lady Mitchison, Mmusi and Kgafela primary schools would have more than 1000 pupils. It is the district ‘s hope that Lady Mitchison and Kgafela will be relieved by Kgabosereto primary school which is within the same catchment area. Segale and Mmusi would be relieved by Madipamo and Dichibidu new school currently under construction.
DDP 6 however proposes to build and purchase:- Classrooms (assuming a long term ratio of 1:30) Teachers quarters Resource centres Improved Administration blocks Libraries 2 x 65 seater buses 2 x 25 seater buses for disabled pupils Toilets (WC) Tool sheds
General Recommendations
The distribution of teachers’ cheques should also be taken over by the Ministry of Education as this will relieve teachers of the stress they would have to go through in case they have not been paid properly.
In view of the current education system, there is nothing that compels parents to educate their children. So it is recommended that education be made compulsory for every Motswana child to build an Educated and Informed Nation.
As we go into NDP9, we still recommend that the shared responsibility of teachers by the two Ministries be looked into to avoid confusion.
Table 9.37 Planned Primary School Construction
Projects 2003/4 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 Total
New schools 1 1 2
Classrooms 15 8 2 18 (new school included)
4 23 (new school included)
70
Tool sheds 6 7 6 7 6 6 38
Teachers quarters 51 41 19 32 (new school included)
20 27 (new school included)
190
Science Laboratory 6 6 6 6 7 7 38
Toilets 12 - - 14 13 14 43
Library 6 6 6 6 7 7 38
Computer Room 6 7 6 7 6 6 38
Resource Centres 6 6 5 6 6 11 38
Source : Primary Education Department (Kgatleng District Council) – 2002
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9.3.1.2 Secondary School Education
The government has provided a nation wide network of Government Aided Community Junior Secondary Schools with reasonably adequate resources and with provision for communities to participate in the running of schools. Diversification of the curriculum in these schools has been vigorously implemented. The Junior Certificate Curriculum has been revised and expanded to accommodate more practically oriented subjects such as Business Studies, Music and Design and Technology. A computer awareness programme was introduced in some Junior Secondary Schools and will be offered to all schools in NDP9.
Massive expansion of all senior secondary schools was undertaken in NDP8 and this will continue during NDP 9/DDP 6.
In Kgatleng District there is the Molefi Senior Secondary, which is the only senior secondary school in the district and 11 Community Junior Secondary Schools. The Ministry of Education will continue to construct additional facilities in these schools as well as maintain existing ones.
9.3.1.3 Non Formal Education Map 9.3 DNFE Kgatleng Field Staff and their areas of operation.
Cluster Villages and Settlement Covered
AEA/SAEA No. of LGLs
No. of Groups
No. of Learners
F M
Artesia Kgomodiatshaba LeshibitseKhurutsheBodungwane
1 4 4 19 15
Bokaa MorwaPilane
1 6 10 70 20
Mathubudukwane
RamonakaMalolwane
1 5 8 52 23
Mochudi Mochudi 1 7 12 43 76
Olifantsdrift Ramotlabaki 1 1 2 9 7
Oodi ModipaneDikwididiMokatseMatebele
1 3 4 23 12
Rasesa Malotwana 1 5 7 35 19
Sikwane Mabalane 1 3 3 21 7
Totals 8 34 50 272 179
Source: Kgatleng District - Non-Formal Education Office 2002.
There are problems associated with this low participation in the Literacy programme in the District, which are:-
Lack of continuity after literacy or completion of primers Learning needs not adequately addressed
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Lack of resources such as transport as well trained and well motivated personnel Lack of recognition and support by some local authorities
9.3.1.4 Private Schools
Private schools play an important role in complementing government efforts in the provision of education and training. The Ministry of Education registers and monitors all private schools in order to ensure that quality assurance is implemented. Private education needs to be standardized so that good quality education is achieved. In the district there is only one private primary school and several pre-schools.
9.3.2 Training
9.3.2.1 Vocational and Tertiary Training
Post School Vocational and Technical training provides skills for specific occupations. An efficient and effective training system is crucial in a country’s economic development and therefore it is necessary to focus attention on the training system distinct from general education and to give it more priority. There should be infusion of prevocational skills and awareness in the basic education curriculum as a prerequisite for development of appropriate vocational/technical skills at subsequent levels of the education and training system through the vocational training colleges and the Brigades. Naturally, technical/vocational education is regarded as providing the basis for practical skills training for industry and the general employment sector with a view to filling in critical skills gaps in the national economy. NDP 9 will thus emphasise on a number of initiatives ranging from expansion of physical facilities to the development of new programmes in both brigades and vocational technical colleges.
Kgatleng Brigade Development Trust just like other Brigades is a community-based institution, which is currently being subsidised financially by the government through the Ministry of Education. It offers five different disciplines namely:- bricklaying and plastering, welding and fabrication, carpentry and joinery and forestry and textile.
Some few years after its inception, the organisation begun to focus more on youth and community development. Some vocational training begun as well as production work.
9.4 EDUCATION AND TRAINING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 9.38 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
To provide equitable and quality life long education and training to out of school population by equipping them with essential learning and productive life skills.
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
To improve the quality of education by reducing the teacher/pupil ratio from 1:40 to 1:30 at
To construct education facilities at all schools
To provide infrastructure to the highest need of all primary and secondary schools in the entire district
To construct education facilities at all schools
To enable young people to acquire competent Vocational and Technical training which would
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and
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Goals Objectives
enable them to compete in the global village various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
To create opportunity for life long learning To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
To create an enable learning environment for people living with disability
To provide facilities for special education
9.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
9.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 9.39 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
To provide equitable and quality life long education and training to out of school population by equipping them with essential learning and productive life skills.
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
None N/A
To improve the quality of education by reducing the teacher/pupil ratio from 1:40 to 1:30
To construct education facilities at all schools
Land Management
Natural Resource Pollution Water Supply
Land Degradation Loss of Vegetation Pressure on Water
demand Pressure on Land Demand Pollution of underground
waterTo provide infrastructure to the highest need of all primary and secondary schools in the entire district
To construct education facilities at all schools
Land Management
Natural Resource Pollution Water Supply
Land Degradation Loss of Vegetation Pressure on Water
demand Pressure on Land Demand Pollution of underground
waterTo enable young people to acquire competent Vocational and Technical training which would enable them to compete in the global village
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
None N/A
To create an opportunity for life long learning
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
None N/A
To create an enable learning environment for people living with disability
To provide facilities for special education
Land Management
Natural Resource Pollution Water Supply
Land Degradation Loss of Vegetation Pressure on Water
demand Pressure on Land Demand Pollution of underground
water
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9.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes Table 9.40 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goals Objectives Policies/Programmes
Impacts
To provide equitable and quality life long education and training to out of school population by equipping them with essential learning and productive life skills.
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
RNPE Policy on Tertiary Education
The district has done much in implementing the recommendation of the policies
To improve the quality of education by reducing the teacher/pupil ratio from 1:40 to 1:30 at Primary Schools
To construct education facilities at all schools
RNPE The district has done much and will continue to provide more facilities
To provide infrastructure to the highest need of all primary and secondary schools in the entire district
To construct education facilities at all schools
RNPE The district has done much and will continue to provide more facilities
To enable young people to acquire competent Vocational and Technical training which would enable them to compete in the global village
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
RNPE Much Done
To create opportunity for life long learning
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
RNPE The district will continue to strive to create opportunities for life long learning
To create an enabling learning environment for people living with disability
To provide facilities for special education
RNPE Although the district has done a lot in taking aboard people living with disability in terms of special education, much still needs to be done to improve accessibility to education by these people.
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9.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE EDUCATION AND TRAINING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
9.6.1 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed Projects
Possible Impacts
Mitigation Measures
To provide equitable and quality life long education and training to out of school population by equipping them with essential learning and productive life skills.
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
Construction of College of Applied Arts and Technology
Land DegradationLoss of BiodiversityLittering
Carrying out EIA
To improve the quality of education by reducing the teacher/pupil ratio from 1:40 to 1:30 at Primary Schools
To construct education facilities at all schools
Construction of 70 classrooms
Excessive mining of building materials
Generation of waste
Land Degradation
Controlled mining of sand and concrete
Depositing waste at designated areas
To provide infrastructure to the highest need of all primary and secondary schools in the entire district
To construct education facilities at all schools
Upgrading CJSSs in the district
Construction of additional facilities in primary schools
Excessive mining of building materials
Generation of waste
Controlled mining of sand and concrete
Depositing waste at designated areas
To enable young people to acquire competent Vocational and Technical training which would enable them to compete in the global village
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
Construction of College of Applied Arts
Land uptakeExcessive mining of building materials
Generation of waste
EIASystematic land clearance
Depositing at designated areas
To create opportunity for life long learning
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
Introduction of Adult Basic Education
None
To create an enabling learning environment for people living with disability
To provide facilities for special education
Construct of special education unit facilities
Land DegradationLoss of BiodiversityLittering
Carrying out EIA
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9.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6 Table 9.41 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Goals Objectives Proposed Project
Resources Requirement
Performance Indicators
Monitoring Programme
To provide equitable and quality life long education and training to out of school population by equipping them with essential learning and productive life skills.
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
Construction of College of Applied Arts and Technology
P130 million
Part ofP36.1 million
P12.5 million
Part of P36.1 million
P130 million
College of Applied Arts and Technology constructed by end of plan period
Quarterly reporting to relevant committees
To improve the quality of education by reducing the teacher/pupil ratio from 1:40 to 1:30 at Primary Schools
To construct education facilities at all schools
Construction of 70 classrooms
70classrooms constructed
Quarterly reporting to relevant committees
To provide infrastructure to the highest need of all primary and secondary schools in the entire district
To construct education facilities at all schools
Upgrading CJSSs in the district
Construction of additional facilities in primary schools
CJSS upgraded by end of plan period
Number of facilities constructed at end of plan period
Quarterly reporting to relevant committees
To enable young people to acquire competent Vocational and Technical training which would enable them to compete in the global village
To educate young people to lead productive lives through relevant and excellent training in various skills
To promote activities which enhance learning
Construction of College of Applied Arts
College of Applied Arts and Technology constructed by end of plan period
Quarterly reporting to relevant committees
To create opportunity for life long learning
To promote activities which enhance learning
To promote Non-Formal Education
Introduction of Adult Basic Education
NA Number of learners enrolled
Quarterly reporting to relevant committees
To create an enabling learning environment for people living with disability
To provide facilities for special education
Construct of special education unit facilities
Part of P36.1 million
Number of special units constructed
Quarterly reporting to relevant committees
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CHAPTER TEN10 HEALTH
10.1 INTRODUCTION
The Ministry of Health is responsible for Health Policy formulation and leadership in health on behalf of the Botswana Government as guided by National Health Policy (1995). On the other hand, the Ministry of Local Government facilitates in implementation of health programmes including the primary health services through the District Health Teams (DHTs). Health is an integral and indispensable component of Vision 2016. The country needs a healthy community and public service to attain the goals of the national vision. Provision of health service in the district goes a long way in building a compassionate, just and caring nation, one of the pillars of Vision 2016.
10.1.1 The Institutional Framework
Health system in Kgatleng District is organized through the following sections-
i. Primary Health Careii. Hospital Servicesiii. Support Services
The DHT Management plays the role of enabler through coordination of overall administrative and resource support services (finance, transport, material and facilities) within the district. It also coordinates primary health care. The primary health care is responsible for integration of preventive, promotion, rehabilitative, and appropriate curative health care through the participation and involvement of community groups at all levels of the health delivery system. It discharges these responsibilities through clinics, health posts and mobile stops throughout the district.
Hospital services mainly cater for inpatients. However, it also covers broad areas such as diagnostic service, support to primary health care, treatment services and takes care of referred patients from the health clinics. It does this through the District Hospital (Deborah Retief Memorial Hospital).
Support services include environmental health, rehabilitation, home based care, and the pharmaceutical teams. These are all based at DHT.
10.1.2 Strategic Plans for respective ministries.
Ministry of Health
The ministry is responsible for the health policy formulation and facilitating implementation of the policy. It also has a duty to provide comprehensive, preventative, promotive, curative and rehabilitative health care services. The goals of the Ministry of Health (MoH) are as follows:
To improve efficiency and cost effectiveness of health care delivery. To ensure equitable distribution of health services. To improve quality of health care.
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To train appropriate skilled personnel. To strengthen primary health care programmes.
The district aims at improving the communities’ access to health services, improvement of the quality of the health services, development of the health sector by providing adequate manpower and transport, which is in line with Vision 2016. The district also wants to reduce the spread and impacts of HIV/AIDS through health education and support of the infected and affected.
Ministry of Local GovernmentThe ministry’s core business is to provide basic physical and social facilities to communities. Through the Local Government Service Management and the Sanitation and Waste Management Department the ministry is responsible for the provision of primary health care services. Through the health institutions, the district has a duty to ensure customer satisfaction through timely delivery of quality service. The district will also ensure sufficient provision of health facilities to make health services accessible to the communities.
National AIDS Coordinating Agency (NACA)NACA is responsible for ensuring a multi-sectoral action amongst all ministries, sectors, districts, NGOs, CBOs, People Living With HIV/AIDS and Private sector. It also mobilises resources for a long term and sustainable response to the epidemic. The district will continue to implement programmes such as community home based care and the prevention of mother to child transmission, which are in line with the national vision pillar of Caring and Compassionate Nation.
10.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector
In this sector, private medical practitioners and private companies for waste collection and disposal will be considered. NGOs and CBOs that are engaged in the fight against HIV/AIDS will also be considered.
10.1.3.1 Private Practitioners
The private medical practitioners help ease the workload of health services in the district. They normally offer curative and counselling services. There are three private practitioners in the district all based in the main village of Mochudi.
10.1.3.2 Private Companies
During the plan period the Department of Public Health in the district intends to privatize waste collection and disposal as well as the landfill operation in line with the government’s privatization policy. The intention is to be done in 2 phases. The first phase being the privatization of solid waste collection and disposal followed by privatization of landfills. However, Landfill privatization would be subject to the “Department of Sanitation and Waste Management approval.
The private sector will be expected to have the capacity to provide the above services and the Department of Sanitation and Waste Management is expected to provide the policy guidelines for privatization of the services. The policy guideline will be expected to help local authorities to select competent companies to run the services on behalf of the local authorities.
The Department of Public Health will during the plan period endeavour to reduce waste going into the landfills. This will be done through waste minimisation. The department will work
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hand in hand with waste recycling companies and those salvaging metal, plastic and paper waste. The Department of Sanitation and Waste Management will be expected to help in identifying recycling companies while local authorities will be expected to work directly with the recycling companies. It is hoped that by the end of the plan period at least 25% of recyclable material will be reduced from the waste stream.
Another service that will be considered for privatisation will be vector control (pest control). Currently local authorities are providing this service at a highly subsidized cost. Since the Department of Public Health has already started reviewing the fees for solid waste collection, it is the intention of the department to review the pest control fees. The rationale is to make the service sustainable hence enticing the private sector to take over the service.
10.1.3.3 NGOs and CBOS engaged in the Fight against HIV/AIDS
There are a number of NGOs and CBOs in the district that are engaged in the fight against HIV/AIDS in collaboration with the government. These include among others, the Tebelopele Voluntary Testing and Counselling Centre, Botswana Family Welfare Association and Bakgatla Bolokang Matshelo.
10.1.4 Health Consultation Priorities
Communities are concerned about shortage of nurses in some health facilities, which leads to inadequate coverage of mobile stops in some catchment areas. Despite this issue they proposed that their health posts and clinics should be upgraded to include maternity wards. Although the district doesn’t have a problem of waste management, there is need for a special vehicle for clinical waste. They advocated for Community Home Based Care Givers to be given allowances that are attractive.
There is only one district referral hospital in Kgatleng where all clinics refer their patients to. This results in overcrowding/congestion at the hospital. Therefore there is a need for a primary hospital in the district.
10.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
10.2.1 National Health Policy
The health care system of Botswana is based on the principles of primary health care. The government, when planning its activities, puts health promotion and care and disease prevention among its priorities. The basic objectives of which shall be access by all citizens of Botswana to essential health care, whatever their financial resources or place of domicile, and the assurance of equitable distribution of health resources and utilisation of health services. Health services is structured and operated in such a way that they will be linked with each other as well as with other social services.
The policy has a mandate to support the development of the private sector and in particular the cooperation of such sector with the public sector. The district’s provision of primary health care facilities to the local communities is based on the policy regulation of providing clinics with maternity to a 30km radius and those without maternity to 15km radius and health post 8km radius. It also integrates all social and public health acts and gives the framework for their interpretation and implementation.
10.2.2 National Policy on HIV/AIDS
This policy outlines the national response to the epidemic in Botswana. It describes the role of national leaders, various government ministries, the private sector, NGOs and CBOs, persons
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living with HIV/AIDS and individual community members in the national response. It forms the basis on which a national strategic plan will be developed. Within the National Strategic plan, different ministries and organisations, even at district level, will formulate their sectoral plans and projects for implementation.
10.2.3 Waste Management Act
This is a piece of legislation that will govern waste management in the district throughout the plan period. The act requires that a waste management plan be prepared for each plan period. Kgatleng District Waste Management Plan is being prepared currently. Such a plan will spell out how the district will manage its waste throughout the plan period.
10.3 HEALTH
10.3.1 Environmental Health
The main aim of the department is to provide a healthy environment in which strong health families, capable of contributing positively to the development of our economy can be promoted. The section is responsible for the control of some of the factors that may have negative effect on the environment and human health. It ensures that households and business premises have safe sanitary facilities and water supply. It also monitors food hygiene in restaurants and shops. Kgatleng District has tried its best to provide refuse collection services to all areas in the district. To further improve refuse collection services, the district is planning to privatise in some areas. In conjunction with the water supply authorities, water quality is regularly monitored. The department has a problem of proper meat inspection because of proper slaughtering facilities.
10.3.2 Hospital Services
Kgatleng District is serviced by one hospital – Deborah Retief Memorial Hospital. The government has taken over the running of the hospital following the disagreement between the Dutch Reformed Church and the Bakgatla Community.
The hospital is a district hospital that receives referrals from the Kgatleng catchment areas.
10.3.3 Primary Health Care
The District Health Team (DHT) in consultation with the Ministry of Health is responsible for planning, evaluating and providing basic health services for persons resident in Kgatleng District in accordance with Government Policy and any guidelines from time to time issued by the ministry. Such services include the following :
Health Promotion and Avoidance of Ill-health encompassing: Health Education Environmental Sanitation Disease prevention Care of vulnerable groups Rehabilitation of the disabled Maintenance of special disease control
Health Care Curative Services encompassing: Diagnosis and treatment of patients and referral if or when necessary. Referrals
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Community Health Services encompassing Data collection and epidemiology Evaluation and monitoring Promotion of community development
Family Health Care Services encompassing Counselling Ante-natal care Midwifery Post-natal care Growth monitoring Paediatric treatment Immunisation Infant and child care Nutritional surveillance and guidance School health
The achievements for the department are encouraging save for the HIV/AIDS pandemic. More than 80% of the population live within 15 Km distance from a health facility. Other factors considered in the distribution of facilities are population accessibility and increased demand and need of health services.
In DDP 5 provision of maternity facilities was given a priority in the district and thus the Morwa and Boseja maternity wings were funded and constructed. Artesia and Bokaa Clinics were renovated and extended to cope with the increased demand of services.
Also, during DDP 5 it was observed that a number of structures of health facilities had run down and the design of others did not meet the needs of the services being provided in them. The formation of the Project Implementation Team (PIT) will help identify these facilities and suggest ways of improving them.
Each health facility in the district has been provided with a form of communication either a telephone or radio. To facilitate prompt referrals, all clinics and health posts have vehicles most of which are relatively new. These vehicles are also used for implementing programmes such as school health, follow up of patients and other outreach services. Each clinic with maternity in the district has been provided with small incinerators and are all working. A big incinerator was launched in the DRM Hospital in February 2002. This incinerator has capacity to handle all the clinical waste generated in the district.
10.3.4 District Health System
The District Health Team is accommodated in a building situated next to the Rural Administration Centre (RAC). The building has limited number of offices and there is no room for expansion. District Health Team is experiencing shortage of transport for supervision of activities, implementation and monitoring of programmes. Shortages of staff particularly in the field of nurses with midwifery has been a critical issue in the provision of health care. Lack of equipment in some clinics is also a problem.
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The DHT is well functional with the following facilities:-
Health facilities Number
Clinics with maternity 5
Clinics without maternity 6
Health post 16
Mobile stops 27
10.3.5 Control of Pandemic Diseases
10.3.5.1 HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS has remained unabated, hence the upward trend observed. The Information, Education and Communication (IEC) is the cornerstone of the fight and all the sectors are involved in the fight (multi-sectoral approach). MTP III is being developed to guide us through the coming years of DDP6.
During DDP5 Community Home Based Care was one of the very important community responses to the impact of HIV/AIDS pandemic that is support to the infected and the affected. Such responses are being encouraged and supported. Programmes such as PMTCT were scaled down to the district as a measure of reducing mother to child transmission and eventually controlling the spread of HIV/AIDS. Iso Preventative Therapy (IPT) and Anti Retroviral drugs are expected to be introduced in the district during this plan period. These programmes are fully supported by the district in terms of transport and manpower.
10.3.5.2 Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis notification has increased by 10 – 15% per annum since 1997 when the lowest notification rate of 200 cases per 100 000 population was recorded country-wide. Kgatleng District notification rate is now 272 per 100 000 against 100 per 100 000 the WHO target. This increase is largely due to the advent of HIV/AIDS in Botswana. By way of recommendation:
The Ministry of Health should institutionalise a mechanism for regular updating for doctors and in-service training for other clinical and health service providers on TB diagnosis and treatment. Contact tracing should be improved and efforts must be made to extend preventive therapy to contacts below five years of age, where active Tuberculosis has been excluded. National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) training programmes should include senior management staff and Family Welfare Educators (FWEs) in order to familiarise them with the NTP policy guidelines. Nurses in rural clinics should start treatment for smear positive patients without waiting for Public Health Specialist (PHS) to review them. The Botswana National Tuberculosis Programme (BNTP) must explore alternative ways of implementing the directly absolved therapy outside the health facilities such as the workplace and different community settings.
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10.3.5.3 Malaria Control
Kgatleng District is not malaria area at present. However, the malaria belt is spreading southward with time. The district has been warned to put preventative programmes in place according to Roll Back Malaria initiative. In this initiative countries are called to act together, strengthen existing activities aimed at controlling malaria epidemics and draw in new posters at various levels. Workshops and seminars on the prevention of malaria to the community and schools, sensitising the community on the importance of using Insecticide Treated Nets (ITN), community mobilisation using the politicians - through Kgotla meetings, train the health workers on the management of severe malaria.
10.4 HEALTH SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
When planning its activities, the District will put health promotion, disease prevention and care of patients, among its priorities. This will be achieved through the following specific goals and objectives:
Table 10.42 Health Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
To improve efficiency and cost effectiveness of health care delivery
To increase the number of IMCI trainees personnel in Kgatleng District from 2% to 65% To train health workers on IPT in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95% To increase EPI coverage in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95% To increase the number of pharmacy technicians in Kgatleng from 2 to 8 To ensure that health facilities in Kgatleng District are all equipped.To ensure that all the health facilities in Kgatleng District are supplied with enough drugs timely, regularly, and in sufficient quantities.
To ensure equitable distribution of resources
To make sure that registered nurses will have been provided to all the health facilities in Kgatleng District.To provide basic amenities i.e. electricity through photovoltaic installations, proper waste management etc in health facilities to remote parts of Kgatleng.
To improve the quality of health care To intensify supervision of health facilities in Kgatleng To have 90% of communities in Kgatleng District well informed on the ongoing programmes such as EPI, PMTCT, IPT, ARVs, TB, school health programmes, etc.To improve standard of some health facilities
To train appropriate skilled personnel To train all doctors and nurses in Kgatleng District in data collection and handling To train all nurses in Kgatleng District on drug management.To have all nurses and Family Welfare Educators in Kgatleng District well informed on growth monitoring.
To strengthen community participation
To train all health workers in Kgatleng District on public relations.To create health awareness to 50% of the community in Kgatleng District To revive 60% of the village health committees
To improve the standard of environmental health in the district in order to avoid the incidence of preventable and communicable diseases
To provide proper sanitary facilities
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10.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
10.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 10.43 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
To improve efficiency and cost effectiveness of health care delivery
To increase the number of IMCI trainees personnel in Kgatleng District from 2% to 65% To train health workers on IPT in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95% To increase EPI coverage in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95% To increase the number of pharmacy technicians in Kgatleng from 2 to 8 To ensure that health facilities in Kgatleng District are all equipped.To ensure that all the health facilities in Kgatleng District are supplied with enough drugs timely, regularly, and in sufficient quantities.
None N/A
To ensure equitable distribution of resources
To make sure that registered nurses will have been provided to all the health facilities in Kgatleng District.To provide basic amenities i.e. electricity through photovoltaic installations, proper waste management etc in health facilities to remote parts of Kgatleng.
None N/A
To improve the quality of health care
To intensify supervision of health facilities in Kgatleng To have 90% of communities in Kgatleng District well informed on the ongoing programmes such as EPI, PMTCT, IPT, ARVs, TB, school health programmes, etc.
To improve standard of some health facilities
LandNatural Resource utilisation
Pressure on landLoss vegetationSoil erosionOver extraction of sand and gravel
To train appropriate skilled personnel
To train all doctors and nurses in Kgatleng District in data collection and handling To train all nurses in Kgatleng District on drug
None N/A
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Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
management.To have all nurses and Family Welfare Educators in Kgatleng District well informed on growth monitoring.
To strengthen community participation
To train all health workers in Kgatleng District on public relations.To create health awareness to 50% of the community in Kgatleng District To revive 60% of the village health committees
None N/A
To improve the standard of environmental health in the district in order to avoid the incidence of preventable and communicable diseases
To provide proper sanitary facilities
Pollution and Waste ManagementLandWater SupplyNatural Resource Utilisation
Air pollutionPressure on land demandLoss of vegetationLand DegradationOver extraction of sand and gravel
10.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes Table 10.44 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goals Objectives Policies/Programs Impacts
To improve efficiency and cost effectiveness of health care delivery
To increase the number of IMCI trainees personnel in Kgatleng District from 2% to 65% To train health workers on IPT in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95% To increase EPI coverage in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95% To increase the number of pharmacy technicians in Kgatleng from 2 to 8 To ensure that health facilities in Kgatleng District are all equipped.To ensure that all the health facilities in Kgatleng District are supplied with enough drugs timely, regularly, and in sufficient quantities.
National Health Policy
Success rate in terms of training is fair to good in the district, in terms of training
To ensure equitable distribution of resources
To make sure that registered nurses will have been provided to all the health facilities in Kgatleng
National Health Policy
The district has done much in ensuring equitable
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Goals Objectives Policies/Programs Impacts
District.To provide basic amenities i.e. electricity through photovoltaic installations, proper waste management etc in health facilities to remote parts of Kgatleng.
distribution of resources and will continue to do the same during DDP 6.
To improve the quality of health care
To intensify supervision of health facilities in Kgatleng To have 90% of communities in Kgatleng District well informed on the ongoing programmes such as EPI, PMTCT, IPT, ARVs, TB, school health programmes, etc. and encourage them to use them.To improve standard of some health facilities
National Health Policy
National HIV/AIDS Policy
So much has been done and a lot is still being done in terms of the fight against HIV/AIDS through the district Multi-Sectoral AIDS committee (DMSAC).
To train appropriate skilled personnel
To train all doctors and nurses in Kgatleng District in data collection and handling To train all nurses in Kgatleng District on drug management.To have all nurses and Family Welfare Educators in Kgatleng District well informed on growth monitoring.
National Health Policy
Much has been and is being done.
To strengthen community participation
To train all health workers in Kgatleng District on public relations.To create health awareness to 50% of the community in Kgatleng District To revive 60% of the village health committees
National Health Policy
National HIV/AIDS Policy
Every village in the district has the Village Health committee and the Village Multi-Sectoral AIDS Committee. These are meant to emphasise community participation.
To improve the standard of environmental health in the district in order to avoid the incidence of preventable and communicable diseases
To provide proper sanitary facilities
Waste Management ActNational HIV/AIDS Policy
Waste management in the district is not much of a problem except that there are no sanitary facilities for food handling and disposal of clinical waste.
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10.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE THE HEALTH SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
10.6.1 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measure Table 10.45 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Proposed Project Potential Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures
1.Conduct workshops and seminars2.Purchasing of ambulances and vehicles and furniture
LitteringNone
Provision of refuse bins
Cutting of trees and digging trenches LandscapingCutting of trees land scaping in the remaining spaces
3.To extend/renovate and close roofs at waiting areas at Clinic II, Makakatlela, Phaphane,4.Upgrading of Malolwane, Rasesa, and Modipane Health Posts to Clinics5.Construction of Mmathubudukwane Primary hospital6.Clinic with Maternity at Boseja North7.Construction incinerators at all clinics with maternity8.Upgrading of IHS
9.Construction of landfill at Dikwididi10.Construction of small abattoir
Land degradation and loss of vegetationPressure of water supplyOver extraction of sand and gravel
Carry out EIA
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10.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6
10.7.1 Issues and Strengths:
The district has been experiencing shortage of manpower in the health sector especially nurses. Another issue is the HIV/AIDS pandemic which is depleting both the health manpower and financial resources.
However the district has done well in terms of availability and accessibility to health services. Implementation of primary health care system is also a strength to the district as well as continuous planning process for human resource development, budgeting and materials. There is cooperation between the private and the public sector in relation to health issues.
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Table 10.46 Proposed Projects, Performance targets, budget and Plan Monitoring
Goals Objectives Proposed Project Performance Indicators
Budget Plan Monitoring
To improve efficiency and cost effectiveness of health care delivery
To increase the number of IMCI trainees personnel in Kgatleng District from 2% to 65%
To train health
workers on IPT in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95%
To increase EPI coverage in Kgatleng District from 75% to 95%
To increase the number of pharmacy technicians in Kgatleng from 2 to 8
To ensure that health facilities in Kgatleng District are all equipped.
To ensure that all the health facilities in Kgatleng District are supplied with enough drugs timely, regularly, and in sufficient quantities.
Conduct workshops and seminars
Purchasing of ambulances and vehicles and furniture
Workshops and seminars conducted
Ambulances, vehicles and furniture purchased
P70 000
P10.3 million for all health projects in district
Quarterly progress reports
Quarterly progress reports
To ensure equitable distribution of resources
To make sure that registered nurses will have been provided to
Recruitment of registered nurses
Number of registered nurses recruited
Recurrent Quarterly progress reports
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Goals Objectives Proposed Project Performance Indicators
Budget Plan Monitoring
all the health facilities in Kgatleng District.To provide basic amenities i.e. electricity through photovoltaic installations, proper waste management etc in health facilities to remote parts of Kgatleng.
Provision of basic services in the health facilities in remote areas
Basic services provided
P10.3 million for all health projects in district
To improve the quality of health care
To intensify supervision of health facilities in Kgatleng To have 90% of communities in Kgatleng District well informed on the ongoing programmes such as EPI, PMTCT, IPT, ARVs, TB, school health programmes, etc.
To improve standard of some health facilities
To extend/renovate and close roofs at waiting areas at Clinic II, Makakatlela, Phaphane,
Upgrading of Malolwane, Rasesa, and Modipane Health Posts to Clinics
Construction of Mmathubudukwane Primary hospital
Clinic with Maternity at Boseja NorthConstruction incinerators at all clinics with maternity
Upgrading of IHS
Hospital Constructed
HIS upgraded
P52m
P284 610 000 For all HIS countrywide
Quarterly progress reports
To train appropriate skilled personnel
To train all doctors and nurses in Kgatleng
Workshops and seminars
Workshops and seminars
P70 000.00 Quarterly progress
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Goals Objectives Proposed Project Performance Indicators
Budget Plan Monitoring
District in data collection and handling To train all nurses in Kgatleng District on drug management.To have all nurses and Family Welfare Educators in Kgatleng District well informed on growth monitoring.
conducted reports
To strengthen community participation
To train all health workers in Kgatleng District on public relations.To create health awareness to 50% of the community in Kgatleng District To revive 60% of the village health committees
Seminars and workshops
Workshops and seminars conducted
Committees revived
P70 000.00 Quarterly progress reports
To improve the standard of environmental health in the district in order to avoid the incidence of preventable and communicable diseases
To provide proper sanitary facilities
Construction of landfill at Dikwididi
Construction of small abattoir
Landfill constructed at DikwididiAbattoir constructed
P15m
P1.8m
Quarterly progress reports
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CHAPTER ELEVEN11 LABOUR AND HOME AFFAIRS
11.1 INTRODUCTION
The Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs is a key provider of a wide range of cultural and social services that are essential for the social and economic development of the country. The Ministry continues to employ the Performance Management System (PMS) in order to fulfil its mandate, and a strategic plan for the period 2000 to 2006 has already been formulated. The plan intends to address various challenges, amongst them, the mitigation of the impact of HIV/AIDS in the society, as well as contributing to the realization of Vision 2016 pillars on “Creating an Educated and Informed Nation, and Building a Productive Prosperous and Innovative Nation”.
11.1.1 Institutional Framework
The Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs is responsible for provision of culture and social services and it is represented by several departments in the District, while Information and Broadcasting falls under the responsibility of the newly created Ministry of Communications, Science and Technology. The departments are as listed below:
Cultural Services are provided: Botswana National Library Services Culture and Youth National Museum, Monuments and Art Gallery Sports and Recreation
Social Services are provided by the following departments at the district: Immigration and Citizenship Civil and National Registration Prisons and Rehabilitation Labour and Social Security
Other institutions that provide social services are the Ministry of Local Government, through its Social welfare and Social Benefits Divisions, Social and Community Development Department of the District Councils as well as the Department of District Administration. The Ministry of Communications, Science and Technology provides social services through the Department of Information and Broadcasting.
11.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries
Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs
The Ministry’s strategic plan is defined through the following strategic goals:
To improve customer satisfaction by providing services in an excellent, effective, efficient and friendly manner.
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To generate, acquire and disseminate information through efficient services for purposes of education, research creation, personal empowerment and socio-economic development.
Ministry of Local Government
The mandate of the Ministry Local Government is to provide basic physical and social infrastructure through the provision of social protection systems. In the district the Departments of Social and Community Development and Remote Area Development have a mandate of providing social protection systems to those in need especially the vulnerable groups.
Ministry of Trade, Industry, Tourism and Wildlife
The mandate of the Ministry is to ensure conservation and promotion of sustainable utilisation of Botswana’s wildlife resources as well as the commercial exploitation of its tourist attractions. The ministry also ensures citizen entrepreneurship development.
11.1.3 Role of the Private Sector
Various Non Government Organisations (NGOs) and Community Based Organisations (CBOs) continue to complement social and welfare services that are provided by government. These organisations include, among others, the SOS children village, Botswana Christian Council, Child line, and several other welfare providing NGOs.
In Mochudi, there is Metlhaetsile, which is an NGO whose mission is to protect the rights of women. Botswana National Youth Council has also established an office in Mochudi, which augments the services provided by Department of Youth and Culture.
11.1.4 Culture and Social Services Consultation Priorities
Culture and Youth Department in the district is operating with only one officer who covers the whole district. This results in inefficiency of service delivery. This calls for an additional officer in the district. Another issue raised during the consultations is lack of recreational facilities in the district.
There is acute shortage of office accommodation for the staff of this ministry.
11.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
11.2.1 Community Based Natural Resources Management
The programme promotes the utilisation of natural and, cultural resources to improve the standard of living of the communities. The Kgatleng the community is conserving and utilising the Matsieng Foot prints site at Rasesa. It iscurrently utilised as a tourist resort.
11.2.2 Disability Policy
The policy proposes the integration of people living with disability into the main society. The district has established special education units at Kgafela and Lenchwe Primary schools as well as at Lenchwe CJSS. There is also the Pudulogong Centre for the blinds and Motswedi Rehabilitation Centre for the disabled. The District Council through Health Department assists in the rehabilitation of people living with disability by giving them equipment such as wheel chairs.
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11.2.3 Policy on Destitute Persons 2002
The framework of the policy is to ensure that government provides minimum assistance to the genuine destitute persons to ensure their good health and welfare.
11.2.4 National Youth Policy1996
The National Youth Policy is a framework for youth development in Botswana, which endeavours to ensure that young women and men are given every opportunity to reach full potential both as individuals and as active citizens in Batswana society. The policy addresses the major concerns and issues that are critical for young people in Botswana and gives direction to youth programmes and services provided by government and NGOs.
11.2.5 Policy on Women and Development 1995
The main goal of this policy is to achieve the effective integration and empowerment of women in order to improve their status, enhance participation in decision-making and their role in development process. This will be achieved through elimination of all negative economic, social and cultural practices as well as inappropriate laws, enhancement of women’s health, provision of education and skills training and promotion of gender awareness in development planning.
11.2.6 National Library Act 1967
This act was enacted in 1967 and calls for the provision of a comprehensive and efficient library service to the public and provision of resources needed for fulfilling the service. The district has got one library in Mochudi and has extended its services to the rest of the district through village reading rooms, book box service and mobile libraries.
11.2.7 National Registration Act 1986
The act mandates the Division of National Registration to register all citizens aged 16 years and above and those who become citizens through registration or naturalization for purposes of issuing them with national identity cards (omang).
11.2.8 National Policy on Culture 2001
The act empowers the department of Culture and Youth to undertake activities that promote and preserve culture and the general public to participate in cultural development. The district will continue to undertake cultural activities and engage all stakeholders in order to preserve the culture in the district.
11.3 LABOUR, CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICES
11.3.1 Sports and Recreation
Although the department of Sports and Recreation is not active in Kgatleng District, there are some village sports teams run by the communities. There is a need for the department to decentralise in order to be able to coordinate the district sports activities.
11.3.2 Culture and Youth
The department has managed to establish a district youth extension office in Mochudi during NDP 8 with a view to enhance coordination of youth activities and provide financial assistance to
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the out of school youth groups to start small businesses. The office has not managed to adequately address the concerns of young people due to both manpower and financial constraints.
However, despite the limited funding for Out-of-School Youth Grant, 18 youth projects, which include phone shops, music clubs, Performing Arts Clubs, and small businesses, were funded between 2001 and 2002. The projects are operating quite well.
11.3.3 Museum
The Phuthadikobo Museum in Mochudi helps to preserve the culture of Bakgatla community. It also generates and disseminates information to the community, as well as carrying out some research.
11.3.4 National Library Services
The department, through the branch library in Mochudi, continues to provide information to the nation and promote its utilization for research, educational and recreational purposes.
Due to lack of implementation capacity, an extension to Mochudi Library was not implemented during NDP8.
11.3.5 National and Civil Registration
The department is responsible for the registration of births, deaths and marriages as well as administration of the change of name act. It also registers all citizens aged 16 years and above and those who become citizens through naturalisation for purposes of issuing them with National Identity Cards.
Currently Omang office faces a challenge of making sure that applicants collect their cards and reduction of the processing time for omang because most of the activities are still centralised.
11.3.6 Information and Broadcasting
The department continues to undertake the following: - Interpretation of the policy and actions of government to the people by continuing service on information and public relations. To encourage and assist the people of Botswana to take an increasing interest in and responsibility for the economic, cultural and political development of the country. To advise government on public opinion and in the field of public relations in general terms.
11.3.7 NGOs and CBOs
The Botswana National Youth Council managed to establish an office in Mochudi, which has the mandate to oversee the activities of the District Youth Council, in liaison with the Department of Culture and Youth.
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11.4 LABOUR, CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICE SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR DDP6
Table 11.47 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
To improve efficiency in service delivery by bringing cervices closer to the people
To improve office accommodation
To provide the district with information and promote its utilisation for educational, research and recreational purposes
To collect and preserve information on the Botswana culture
To continue offering extension services in the form of village reading rooms, book box services and mobile libraries
To develop the library as a multi media resource centre in order to cater for the needs of the diversified communities served
To encourage and support sport and recreational activities in the district
To ensure implementation of the action plan and strategy for youth
To promote sport festivals
To empower women on their rights and responsibilities in this changing society
To integrate women issue in development planning
To promote and preserve culture and to create an enabling environment for youth and the general public to participate in cultural development in the district
To improve access to financial assistance as well as offer training for youth in business
11.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
11.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues With Sector Goals and Objectives Table 11.48 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental Key issues
Impact
To improve efficiency in service delivery by bringing cervices closer to the people
To improve office accommodation
Land ManagementWater supplyWaste management
Land degradationLoss of vegetationPollution
To provide the district with information and promote its utilisation for educational, research and recreational purposes
To collect and preserve information on the Botswana culture
To continue offering extension services in the form of village reading rooms, book box services and mobile libraries
To develop the library as a multi media resource centre
None
Land management
N/A
Pressure on land demandPressure on water demand
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Goals Objectives Environmental Key issues
Impact
in order to cater for the needs of the diversified communities served
Land managementWater supply
Pressure on land demandPressure on water demand
To encourage and support sport and recreational activities in the district
To ensure implementation of the action plan and strategy for youth
To promote sport festivals
Land managementWater supply
Pressure on land demandPressure on water supply
To empower women on their rights and responsibilities in the changing society
To integrate women’s issue in development planning
None N/A
To promote and preserve culture and to create an enabling environment for youth and the general public to participate in cultural development in the district
To improve access to financial assistance as well as offer training for youth in business
Land management Pollution and waste management
Pressure on land demandLittering
11.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes Table 11.49 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goals Objectives Policies/Programmes Impacts
To improve efficiency in service delivery by bringing services closer to the people
To improve office accommodation
Civil and National Registration ActYouth Policy
National and Civil registration in the district is doing well in registering. The Youth policy has also had an impact in the district. Some youth groups have been formed. More groups are still going to be formed during the plan period.
To provide the district with information and promote its utilisation for educational, research and recreational purposes
To collect and preserve information on the Botswana culture
To continue offering extension services in the form of village reading rooms, book box services and mobile libraries
To develop the library as a multi media resource centre in order to cater for the needs of the diversified communities served
National Library Act National Policy on Culture
A large number of villages have Village Reading Rooms and it is the intention of the district to continue building these facilities in other villages.
Although there is a Museum in the district where some of the culture is preserved, the district still needs to do more in terms of coming up with culture preserving programmes and projects.
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Goals Objectives Policies/Programmes Impacts
To encourage and support sport and recreational activities in the district
To ensure implementation of the action plan and strategy for youth
To promote sports festivals
National Youth Policy There is not much done in terms of sports and recreation in the district. However there is a multi-purpose youth centre planned for DDP 6 which, it is hoped will improve the situation.
To empower women on their rights and responsibilities in the changing society
To integrate women’s issues in development planning
Policy on Women and Development
Coordination of women activities in the district has been lacking because the Department of Women’s Affairs has not yet decentralised to Kgatleng.
To promote and preserve culture and to create an enabling environment for youth and the general public to participate in cultural development in the district
To improve access to financial assistance as well as offer training for youth in business
National Youth Policy The district still needs to do more in terms of coming up with culture preserving programmes and projects. The district will continue to assist the youth financially and in terms training.
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11.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE THE LABOUR, CULTURE AND SOCIAL SERVICE SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
11.6.1 Proposed Projects Table 11.50 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed Projects Potential Impacts Mitigation Measure
To improve efficiency in service delivery by bringing services closer to the people
To improve office accommodation
Construction of integrated office block
Pressure on land demandLoss of VegetationPressure on water demandOver extraction of sand and gravel
Carry out EIA
To provide the district with information and promote its utilisation for educational, research and recreational purposes
To collect and preserve information on the Botswana culture
To continue offering extension services in the form of village reading rooms, book box services and mobile libraries
To develop the library as a multi media resource centre in order to cater for the needs of the diversified communities served
Extension of the Mochudi Branch Library
Establish Community Information Desk within the LibraryAcquire Community Information equipment that would assist in the collection, storage and distribution of informationExplore the avenues for incorporation of children’s services in the mainstream of library service.
Explore other means of providing information to other disadvantaged library users
Pressure on land demandLoss of VegetationPressure on water demandOver extraction of sand and gravel
Carry out EIA
To encourage and support sports and recreational activities in the district
To ensure implementation of the action plan and strategy for youth
Organise and stage sports festivals in the district
Littering Proper waste management measures
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Goals Objectives Proposed Projects Potential Impacts Mitigation Measure
To promote sports festivalsConstruction of Multi-purpose hall
Over extraction of sand and gravelLoss of vegetationPressure on land and water demand
Carry out EIA
To empower women on their rights and responsibilities in the changing society
To integrate women’s issues in development planning
Decentralise Women’s Affairs Department
None N/A
To promote and preserve culture and to create an enabling environment for youth and the general public to participate in cultural development in the district
To improve access to financial assistance as well as offer training for the youth in business
Seminars and workshops
Conduct Youth Rallies
Littering Proper waste management
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11.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP6
11.7.1 Issues and Strengths for Culture and Social Services
The district has a well-focused strategy for the development of the youth, women and other activities/services of the sector. The main limiting factor will be resources, both financial and manpower, as well as time management.
11.7.2 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Development Budget and Plan Monitoring for DDP6
Table 11.51 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Development Budget and Plan Monitoring for DDP6
Proposed Projects Performance Targets
Budget Plan Monitoring
Construction of integrated office block Office Block Constructed
P10m Quarterly Progress Reports
Extension of the Mochudi Branch LibraryEstablish Community Information Desk within the LibraryAcquire Community Information equipment that would assist in the collection, storage and distribution of informationExplore the avenues for incorporation of children’s services in the mainstream of library service.
Explore other means of providing information to other disadvantaged library users
Branch Library Extended
P1.3m Quarterly Progress Reports
Organise and stage sports festivals in the district
Construction of Multi-purpose hall
Sports festivals staged
Multi-purpose hall constructed
P6m
Quarterly Progress Reports
Decentralise Women’s Affairs Department
Women’s Affairs Department Decentralised
Quarterly Progress Reports
Seminars and workshops
Conduct Youth Rallies
Seminars and Workshops held. Youth Rallies Conducted
P70 000 Quarterly Progress Reports
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CHAPTER TWELVE12 MINERALS, ENERGY AND WATER
12.1 INTRODUCTION
The Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources is responsible for overall policy and operational matters pertaining to minerals, energy and water sector. In regards to water sector, the main responsibility of the Ministry is to provide adequate, affordable and good quality water to meet the basic needs of the population and the requirements of industrial, commercial and institutional users, as water is a key element in sustainable development. The energy sector is being implemented through the Energy Master Plan while the Mineral Sector is implemented through the Minerals Act .
The goals and objectives of the aforesaid sectors are armatures on which the possibilities of realising Vision 2016 pillar of “Prosperous, Productive and Innovative Nation” is met.
12.1.1 Institutional Framework
The ministry is represented by the Department of Water Affairs and the Botswana Power Corporation as a parastatal responsible for all matters concerning the generation of, importation, transmission and supply of electricity. At the district level the responsibility of providing water is shared by the Department of Water Affairs, which supplies Mochudi and Kgatleng District Council Water Department which supplies small villages and settlements.
12.1.2 Strategic Plans For Respective Ministries.
Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources
The Ministry in partnership with other stakeholders will provide reliable, adequate and good quality water and energy services, and efficient administrative services for mineral exploitation, development of cost effective and environmentally sustainable policies, programmes and legislations.
Ministry of Lands Housing and Environment
The Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment promotes environmental protection by coordinating the implementation of the National Conservation Strategy and promoting sustainable development in the country. It also provides services and information on surveying, mapping and remote sensing that lay the foundation for physical planning and land administration.
Ministry of Local Government
The Ministry of Local Government is responsible for basic physical and social infrastructure such as provision of water. For DDP 6 to be successful there should be close coordination between Ministries of Local Government and Minerals, Energy and Water Resources.
Water Utilities Corporation
A parastatal organisation that is given the responsibility to provide water to urban areas only. However regarding Kgatleng District, water is provided from Bokaa Dam through the Mmamashia Water Treatment Works (courtesy of the DWA) to Mochudi, Bokaa, Morwa, Pilane,
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Rasesa and to Oodi, Matebele, Modipane. This is the water resource from the Letsibogo Dam through the North-South Carrier, which has been handed over to the Water Utilities Corporation. During NDP9 the water pipe from Mmamashia Water Treatment Works may be extended to Mmathubudukwane as the MOH has plans to build a 50-bed-primary hospital, the office of the President has plans to build a semi-urban police station in Mmathubudukwane. These require a reliable water supply and this is the only reliable source available so far.
Ministry of Works and Transport
The Ministry provides efficient, cost effective, safe, reliable, sustainable and environmentally sound infrastructure and services to international standards which will support government strategies for the social and economic development of Botswana. In fulfilling the mission statement there is need to use water and energy resources which calls for coordination between this ministry and the Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources.
12.1.3 The Role Of The Private Sector
The private sector, especially the petroleum companies play a very vital role in ensuring the supply of petroleum and its by-product to the District. They are concentrated mainly in Mochudi where the market is very high. Provision of energy for cooking is also supplied by the private sector, especially paraffin, cooking gas and fuel wood.
12.1.4 Consultation Priorities:
A concern was raised during the consultations regarding poor water quality in the River Villages. Another concern raised was that of people who water their livestock from the public standpipes and failure to control due to lack of strong byelaws to prevent it.
12.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
a. Minerals Act In accordance with the minerals Act, the ownership of minerals is vested entirely on the state. The act sets out administrative procedures and the issuance of reconnaissance and prospecting licenses. Mining leases are given on account of mineral act. Mining prospecting licenses were issued during DDP 5. The trend should continue during DDP 6.
b. Waste Management Act 1998The Waste Management Act provides for the establishment of the Department of Sanitation and Waste Management; to make provision for the planning, facilitation and implementation of advanced systems for regulating the management of controlled waste in order to prevent harm to human, animal and plant life; to minimise pollution of the environment, to conserve natural resources.
c. Environmental Impact Assessment Act (Draft)The Act is at a draft form and once passed it will ensure compliance, implementation and monitoring. It will set environmental quality, emission and design standard for projects.
d. National Energy Master PlanThe overall aim of the plan is to supply energy as cheaply as possible and charge at opportunity cost. The plan acknowledges that supply of energy is harmful to the environment such as use of coal, petroleum and fuel wood. During DDP 6 the focus will be to use clean source of energy and encourage the use of photovoltaic energy to rural villages that cannot be supplied with electricity
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from BPC. It lays a framework for further development of water resources. As part of the NWMP the district has been connected to the North South Carrier project and Gaborone and Bokaa Dams.
e. Waste Water and Sanitation PolicyThe overall purpose of the policy is to promote the health and well being of communities through the provision of appropriate and sustainable waste water/sanitation management and to introduce mechanisms for protection and conservation of water resources.
f. Tribal Land ActIt lays the foundation for land management in tribal areas. It is implemented in conjunction with other acts like the Minerals Act and Water Act for proper land and water management.
g. Physical Development PlanThe Mochudi Planning Area Development Plan, and River Villages Development Plan have been prepared and these plans outline provision of infrastructure such as sewerage and water works.
h. Wetlands PolicyThis emphasizes the need to protect and manage all wetlands properly. It is important to ensure that streams and river channels as well as bodies of water whether permanent or temporary are protected from extinction. It is our hope that this will come to full realization during this plan period.
i. Water Act 1968The Water Act seeks to define the ownership of any right to the use of any water; to provide for the grant of water rights and servitude. The district has through the DWA and Water unit of District Council established impressive water systems in line with the Act.
12.3 MINING, ENERGY AND WATER
12.3.1 Mining Sector
There are no mining activities taking place in the district except for sand and gravel, which are used in the construction industry for building roads and property development.
12.3.2 Energy Sector
The main sources of energy in the district are electricity from national grid, solar power, gas and paraffin, diesel and wood. The principal energy source for cooking used by households in the district is firewood.
12.3.3 Government Buildings
During DDP6 all government institutions will be required to use the various types of energy available and should be supplied at least cost to the economy. In addition provision of such energy should be conserving and protecting the environment.
12.3.4 Alternative Energy Sources
The only alternative energy sources that are appropriate for Kgatleng District and would be affordable during DDP6 are;
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coal energy electricity solar power biomass
12.3.5 Energy Demand and Supply
The demand for energy for cooking and lighting is high although it is not possible to quantify it for Kgatleng. The only issue that comes out is the question of installation cost, which may not be affordable by the majority. The supply in some places is adequate to meet the demand as the infrastructure is already laid out.
12.3.6 Water Sector
12.3.6.1 Water Supply
Water supply in Kgatleng district is the responsibility of DWA and Department of Water and Waste Water under District Council. The district relies much on underground water and has pockets of surface water in the form of dams. The supply meets the demand.
12.3.6.2 Water Conservation and Management
Water conservation measures are already being undertaken such as the already launched nation-wide education and awareness campaigns together with the installation of prepaid water gadgets will be continued during DDP 6. The Ministry intends to introduce legislation to encourage the use of water efficient technologies, including the possibility of reusing waste water.
12.3.6.3 Water Protection
During DDP 6 the Ministry will pursue a policy of protecting all water sources from pollution as part of effective management of our resources. Through the DGS some areas will be selected for underground water studies to determine groundwater pollution levels and device remedial measures.
12.3.6.4 Water Quality
Most of the water quality is good in the district except in the River Villages where proposal has been put forward to connect the villages to Molatedi dam in Republic of South Africa.
12.3.6.5 Water Sources
During NDP8 a strategy that was developed for a conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water to supply demand centres will be continued during NDP9. Villages that are now connected to the North-South Carrier pipeline will continue to receive supply from both sources. It is said that this will ensure that in case of need during drought years, the country knows how much water it can take from these wellfields and for how long.
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12.4 MINERALS, ENERGY AND WATER SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVE Table 12.52 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
Promote mineral potential development To encourage prospecting
To use sand and gravel sustainably
To promote energy saving measures and use of alternative source of energy
To put energy saving measure in government institutionsTo use solar and electricity as alternative to fuel wood.
To conserve and manage water resources. To reduce quantity of unaccounted water acceptable level.
To supply sustainable and good quality water Regular checking of water samples.
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12.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
12.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 12.53 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues Impacts
Promote mineral potential development
To encourage prospecting
To use sand and gravel sustainably
Natural Resource utilizationLandPollution and waste management
Natural Resource utilizationLand
Littering
Land degradation
2. To promote energy saving measures and use of alternative source of energy
To put energy saving measure in government institutions
To use solar and electricity as alternative to fuel wood.
Natural Resource utilization
Natural Resource utilization
None
None
3. To conserve and manage water resources.
To reduce quantity of unaccounted water to acceptable level.
Water Supply None
4. To supply sustainable and good quality water
Regular checking of water samples. Water Supply None
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12.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programs Table 12.54 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goals Objectives Policies/Programs Impacts
1. Promote mineral potential development
To encourage prospecting
To use sand and gravel sustainably
Minerals Act, Tribal Land Act
Minerals Act, Tribal Land Act
Nothing significant in terms of mineral development except granting of permits for prospecting.
Lack of control of illegal mining of sand and gravel due to absence of monitoring mechanisms.
2. To promote energy saving measures and use of alternative source of energy
To put energy saving measure in government institutions
To use solar and electricity as alternative to fuel wood.
National Energy Master Plan
National Energy Master Plan
Nothing done so far but only awareness done.
All council facilities where there is no electricity, solar power is used as an alternative. Liquid gas will be used in the primary schools instead of fuel wood.
3. To conserve and manage water resources.
To reduce quantity of unaccounted water to acceptable level.
National Water Master Plan Introduction of prepaid metering system and regular maintenance of water supply systems. Reduction in response to pipe breakage reports.
4. To supply sustainable and good quality water
Regular checking of water samples. National Water Master Plan Regular checking of water samples is currently being done.
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12.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 12.55 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed Projects
Potential Impacts
Mitigation measures
1. Promote mineral potential development
To encourage prospecting
To use sand and gravel sustainably
None
Identify, designate extraction sites
NA
Land degradation, soil erosion, vegetation loss
NA
Carryout EIA
2. To promote energy saving measures and use of alternative source of energy
To put energy saving measure in government institutions
To use solar and electricity as alternatives to fuel wood.
Identify and install measures
Install photovoltaic electricity
None
None
NA
NA
3. To conserve and manage water resources.
To reduce quantity of unaccounted water to acceptable level.
Install prepaid metering systems
None NA
4. To supply sustainable and good quality water
Regular checking of water samples.
Regular checking of water samples.
None NA
12.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6
12.7.1 Issues and Strengths
Water situation in the district is fair to good. This is a strength in its own for the district. Supply of energy is adequate.
Lack of enforcement mechanism to conserve water is the main weakness.
12.7.2 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring Table 12.56 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Proposed projects Performance targets Development budgets
Plan monitoring
1.Identify, designate extraction sites for sand and gravel
Extraction sites identified and designated
Recurrent Quarterly reports
2. Identify and install energy saving measures
Energy saving measures installed
Not available Quarterly reports
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Proposed projects Performance targets Development budgets
Plan monitoring
Install photovoltaic electricity
Photovoltaic electricity installed
Not available Quarterly reports
Install prepaid metering systems
Prepaid metering systems installed
P259 584 Quarterly reports
Regular checking of water samples.
Water sample checked regularly
Recurrent Quarterly reports
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CHAPTER THIRTEEN13 WORKS, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
13.1 INTRODUCTION
The Ministry of Works, transport and communications is charged with the responsibility of providing and maintaining public works, transport and communications infrastructure. Infrastructure network is fundamental for the operation of efficient and sustainable economy since it acts as a catalyst in the development process. Botswana’s fast economic growth is attributed, among other things to good communication links. The ministry goals and objectives are geared towards realisation of the aspirations of Vision 2016.
13.1.1 The Institutional Framework
At the district level, the ministry is represented by the Department of Roads, Road Transport and Safety, Department of Architecture and Buildings, Central Transport Organisation and Electrical and Mechanical Services. Parastatals that are operating in the district are Botswana Railways, Botswana Post and Botswana Telecommunications Corporation.
13.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries
Ministry of Works, Transport and Communications
The Ministry seeks to provide efficient, cost effective, safe, reliable, sustainable and an environmentally sound infrastructure services commensurate with international standards which will support government strategy and social and economic development of Botswana.
Ministry of Local Government
The mandate of the ministry is to improve the quality of life of Batswana by providing basic infrastructure. This is achieved through providing rural roads infrastructure.
Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment
The ministry is responsible for providing services in management and development of land and promotion of environmental protection. To achieve this strategic plan the ministry will ensure availability of land for provision of infrastructure and that EIA is carried out for development projects.
13.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector
Construction work is normally contracted out to construction companies which are registered with the Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Board (PPADB). Sometimes design and supervision of major construction projects is let out to consultancy companies.
The private sector provides mobile telecommunications (cellular) services through cellular companies such as Mascom Wireless and Orange. There are also public phones, which are operated by private individuals in most parts of the District to service the general public as well as providing a source of income for the owners. Both short and long distance passenger and goods transport services are provided mainly by the private sector.
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13.1.4 Works and Transport Consultation Priorities
During the consultation workshops, communities raised the following concerns as regards this sector-:
They were concerned that although roads connecting smaller villages to Mochudi are very important, they are not adequately maintained. They argued that this militates against the desire to promote the symbiotic relationship between Mochudi as a market centre and its production areas. Construction of roads usually leads to flooding of adjacent properties as a result of raising the roadbed without adequate culverts to allow free movement of water as before. Vandalism of public pay phones Stray animals are prevalent in most roads
13.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
National Policies and Legislation which guide the operations for the Works, Transport and Communications sector are as given below.
13.2.1 Roads Act (1997) Revised
The revised 1997 Road Act gives the Department of Roads authority to construct and maintain primary and secondary roads. Further to this, the 1994 Road Maintenance Study categorised the roads in a hierarchical order- thus determining which roads should be done by the district council and which ones should be done by Central Government Roads Department.
13.2.2 Road Traffic Act
This act provides for the registration and licensing of motor vehicles, issuance of drivers licenses, regulation of traffic and for enforcing penalties for road offences.
13.2.3 National Road Safety Policy
This is the policy that regulates and monitors road safety. It makes it mandatory for the formation of District Road Safety Committees.
13.2.4 Telecommunications Policy 1995
This policy guides the operations of the Botswana Telecommunications Corporation and also aims to achieve universal service and access, promotion of private sector participation in the development of the industry, as well as liberalization of the industry.
13.2.5 Postal Services Act 1989
The Postal Services Act gives the Botswana Post legal status to facilitate independent management and accountability to respond more efficiently and effectively to market requirements. It also made it possible to accelerate postal developments and facilitate customer access to postal services.
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13.3 WORKS, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
13.3.1 Roads
The road network in the district is fair to good. There are those roads which are built and maintained by the district council and these will be dealt with under chapter 15.
In the District, the department managed to complete the dualling of Airport – Rasesa (Section I) during the NDP 8 period. Section II of the road is still on-going and is expected to be completed in November 2003.
Two gravel roads, Bokaa-Kopong and Pilane-Lentsweletau have been handed over to the department by Kgatleng District Council for maintenance purposes and this will obviously increase the workload of the department.
13.3.2 Road Transport and Safety
Vision 2016 has identified road safety as one of the priority areas in the quest to build a ‘safe and secure nation”. This calls for better traffic flow, enforcement, road safety education, better training and licensing, elimination of drunken driving, as the priority areas for policy intervention.
The district Road Transport and Safety office is currently testing and issuing drivers licenses and renews vehicle licenses.
While continuing with the on-going Road Safety Programme, a National Road Safety Strategic Plan will be formulated to deal with road safety problems in a holistic manner. In support of the road safety strategy, the department will provide Vehicle Testing Station and Driver Testing Ground in Mochudi during the DDP 6 period.
The vision of the department is to promote and regulate efficient, effective, safe, sustainable, customer oriented and environmentally sensitive road transport services to international standards which will meet the social, economic and mobility needs of the citizens of Botswana, the SADC region and beyond.
The successful completion of the planned network of VTS will facilitate introduction of six monthly testing of public service vehicles (passenger and goods whose standards are rapidly deteriorating). Mandatory testing of all vehicles over the age of three years will also be introduced as a precondition of renewal of licenses.
Furthermore, a sufficient number of vehicle examiners will increase roadside testing of the compliance of critical roadworthy requirements, including transit vehicles.
13.3.3 Botswana Railways
Botswana Railways is responsible for the provision of local and regional rail transport. The predominance of road transport network within the country, limited geographical coverage of the rail network and widespread availability of the private vehicles for shorter trips have generated new travel patterns and drew passengers from the rail.
The railway line passes through the district and has mini stations at Artesia and Pliane. Due to the unsatisfactory service, rail transport has become a less attractive transport mode for travel within and outside the country. To promote the use of railways within an integrated transport
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system, strategies that emphasises network expansion, better customer service both in terms of speed and quality of service will be developed.
13.3.4 Central Transport Organisation
Major functions of the department such as vehicle maintenance and repair are undertaken by Gaborone CTO. In the district there is only a fuel point at Pilane.
13.3.5 Telecommunications
BTC has an office in Mochudi which services most areas in the district. Since the adoption of the Telecommunications Policy in 1995 followed by the liberalization of the industry, there has been an increase in tele-density, availability of Information Communications Technologies (ICTs), and improvement in the range of telecommunications services in the district. Further provision of ICTs infrastructure and services, especially in rural areas is essential to accelerate the pace of developments to achieve rapid integration of the country with the global economy. The Government will continue to encourage the Botswana Telecommunications Corporation to improve the existing service and provide service to the rural communities. Since the Government subscribes to the policy of universal service and access, provision of funds to BTC to carry out rural telecommunications programmes, which are not commercially viable will be continued during DDP 6
13.3.6 Postal Services
Botswana Post functions as a commercial enterprise. Postal services are provided in competition with private courier companies They play a key role in maintaining communication links between the communities. It provides and operates postal services in Mochudi, Sikwane, Oodi. However, there is need to carry out general maintenance of these post offices in the entire district. There is also need to provide additional staff housing.
13.3.7 Works
The merger of the Departments of Architecture and Building Services and Electrical and Mechanical Services (DEMS) is intended to improve service delivery to client Ministries. Currently the Architecture and Buildings section is based in Mochudi while the DEMS is operating from Gaborone. It is expected that the latter would relocate to Mochudi. It is hoped that since the two departments will be restructured there will be better coordination as there will be dedicated teams which contains all the skills required to carryout the various projects.
It is also hoped that through the extensive contracting out of work to the private sector progress would be made towards achieving the sustainable growth and employment creation as envisaged.
13.4 WORKS, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
The sector goals and objectives of the Works, Transport and Communication Sector are derived from Vision 2016.
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Table 13.57 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
To improve road safety and extend the road life span
To improve the quality of roads construction and maintenance
To provide forward and a long term planning framework for transport and communication network
To provide better transport and communication network
Improve the capacity of the merged DABS and DEMS
To enhance efficiency and timely service delivery
13.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
13.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues Table 13.58 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental key Issues
Impacts
To improve road safety and extend the road life span
To improve the quality of roads construction and maintenance
Land managementWater supplyNatural resource utilisation
Land degradation,Loss of vegetation,Pressure on land and water demand,Over extraction of sand and gravel
To provide a forward and a long term planning framework for transport and communication network
To provide better transport and communication network
Land managementWater supplyNatural resource utilisation
Land degradation,Loss of vegetation,Pressure on land and water demand,Over extraction of sand and gravel
Improve the capacity of the merged DABS and DEMS
To enhance efficiency and timely service delivery
Land ManagementWater supply
Pressure on land and water demand
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13.5.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programmes Table 13.59 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goals Objectives Policies/Programmes Impacts
To improve road safety and extend the road life span
To improve the quality of roads construction and maintenance
Roads ActRoad Traffic ActRoad Safety Policy
The district tried to improve traffic flow through the phase II project but more needs to be done
To provide forward and a long term planning framework for transport and communication network
To provide better transport and communication network
Roads ActRoad Traffic ActRoad Safety PolicyTelecomms PolicyPostal Services Act
The district has a long term development plan for Mochudi planning area, we still need another one for other settlements
13.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE WORKS TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Table 13.60 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed projects
Potential impacts
Mitigation measures
To improve road safety and extend the road life span
To improve the quality of roads construction and maintenance
-Construction of Section II Airport Circle- Rasessa-Re construction of Mamashia, Oodi – Mabalane-Construction of a driver testing ground and vehicle testing station in Mochudi-Construction of a weigh bridge (including office and staff houses)-Construction of Matsieng –Dikgonnye bridge-
Land degradation,Loss of vegetation,Pressure on land and water demand,Over extraction of sand and gravel
Carry out EIA
To provide forward and a long term planning framework for transport and communication network
To provide better transport and communication network
Preparation of settlement plans
NA NA
Improve the capacity of the merged DABS and DEMS
To enhance efficiency and timely service delivery
Upgrading of the DABS Depot
Loss of vegetationPressure on water usage
Carry out EIA
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13.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP6
13.7.1 Issues and Strengths
Road transport and communication network in the district is fairly good, However the number of road accident is still high despite the efforts of the District Roads Safety Committee to promote road safety.
Performance of the sector will be adversely affected by shortage of skilled manpower as well as ancillary staff. Poor performance of contractors is still a problem as some contractors continue to abandon projects before completion.
13.7.2 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring Table 13.61 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Project Budget Performance indicators Plan Monitoring Programme
Vehicle Testing Station
NA Vehicle testing station constructed
Quarterly progress reports
Weighbridge, office and Staff houses
8 992 000Weighbridge, office and staff houses constructed
Quarterly progress reports
Driver Testing Grounds 15 million
Driver Testing Grounds constructed
Quarterly progress reports
Airport Circle–Rasesa II
98 million Airport Circle–Rasesa II constructed
Quarterly progress reports
Mmamashia-Oodi-Mabalane 36 million
Mmamashia-Oodi-Mabalane constructed
Quarterly progress reports
Matsieng Dikgonnye Road bridge
NA Matsieng Dikgonnye Road bridge constructed
Quarterly progress reports
Upgrading of DABS Depot
Not available
Depot upgraded Quarterly progress report
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CHAPTER 1414 LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY
14.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter deals with the security of the nation. It also describes the various institutions associated with law, justice and security, and sets out strategies for DDP 6 with the view towards realisation of Vision 2016: Sustainable and Diversified Development through Competitiveness in the global markets.
14.1.1 The Institutional Framework
Institutions which have been mandated to make and enforce laws in the country are as discussed below.
14.1.1.1 Parliament
Parliament, which was established under Chapter Five of the constitution is responsible for enacting laws, authorising public expenditure, raising of national revenues and also serves as a medium for representing and articulating the will, aspirations and needs of the people. It has the House of Chiefs as its advisory body. Constituency offices were established in Kgatleng East and West during DDP 5.
14.1.1.2 Administration of Justice
The Judiciary of the Republic of Botswana was established by Chapter VI of the constitution. In Kgatleng District it is represented by the Magistrate Court. Customary law enforcement is the responsibility of the Ministry of Local Government through Customary Courts. In Kgatleng there is the main Customary Court in Mochudi and subsidiary courts in other villages.
14.1.1.3 Botswana Police Service
The Police is charged with the responsibility to protect life and property, prevent and direct crime, repress internal disturbances, maintain security and public tranquillity, apprehend offenders, duly enforce laws with which it is charged, generally maintain peace.
The Police district comprises 3 police stations, which are situated at Sikwane, Olifants Drift and Mochudi.
14.1.1.4 Immigration and Citizenship
The role of the department is to protect society against the entrance, residence and movement in and out of the country of people with undesirable behaviour and at the same time ensures smooth passage of genuine travellers. It also offers immigration-related services such as passport service and acquisition of citizenship to the public through its field office in Mochudi.
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14.1.1.5 Prisons and Rehabilitation
The department is responsible for the safe custody and rehabilitation of people detained under the law. It also monitors and recommends the existence of committees such as Parole Boards, Prisons Councils, Prison visiting committees etc. Mochudi Prison is the only state prison in the District.
14.1.1.6 Botswana Defence Force
The Botswana Defence Force was formed by an Act of Parliament in 1977, as a response to guard against the spill over of conflicts in neighbouring states into Botswana. Since its establishment, the Botswana Defence Force has played a significant role in security operations and anti-poaching activities. It periodically undertakes patrols along the borders with neighbouring countries and also mounts roadblocks to prevent entry of weapons from neighbouring countries.
14.1.1.7 Independent Electoral Commission
The IEC, which was established by Section 65A of the constitution in 1997, has the responsibility to ensure that elections of members of Parliament and Local Authorities are conducted efficiently, properly, freely and fairly and thereby upholding one of national principles of Botswana, which is Democracy. In the District IEC has an office in Mochudi covering the entire district.
14.1.2 Strategic Plan of Respective Ministries
The Ministry of Local Government
Ministry of Local Government, through the District Local Authorities is responsible for enforcing law and providing security and justice. It ensures understating of laws and policies that govern the activities of customary courts through dissemination of information. It also ensures satisfaction through acceleration of cases put before the customary courts.
Botswana Police Services
The mandate of the Botswana Police service is to provide a professional law enforcement service for a peaceful, safe and secure nation; in partnership with the community.
Botswana Prisons Services
The Prisons Services is mandated with the provision of safe custody of prisoners through improved prison facilities, reforms and adequate basic human needs. It is also mandated with the responsibility to facilitate the rehabilitation of offenders through training and counselling.
Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs (Immigration and Citizenship)
The Ministry’s role is to protect society against the entrance, residence movement in and out of the country of people with undesirable behaviour while at the same time ensuring smooth passage of genuine travellers.
14.1.3 The Role of the Private Sector
The private sector normally participates in the provision of security services through various security companies throughout the country.
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Kgatleng District Council, as well as other private and parastatal institutions including private citizens in the district, engages the services of such companies to guard their premises and properties on a contract basis.
14.2 LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY
14.2.1 Parliament
During the NDP8/DDP5 plan period, government established constituency offices, which are manned by the respective members of Parliament, who are assisted by the support staff who perform administrative functions. The two constituency offices are located in Mochudi. The offices were established to enhance accessibility of the two political representatives by their electorates.
14.2.2 Administration of Justice
There is a magistrate’s court situated in Mochudi. During the NDP8 period the Record Management System of the court was computerized and the intention is to integrate it with other stakeholders’ systems such as Attorney General, Police, Prisons.
Construction of an office block and four staff houses in Mochudi started in April 2002 and has been completed in April 2003. Successful completion of this project ensures adequate and suitable office and residential accommodation for the staff of this department.
14.2.3 Customary Law and Courts
This is the institution that is dealing with enforcing customary law, presiding over criminal and civil cases as contained in the court warrants. At Kgatleng, the Bakgatla Tribal Authority headquarters is based in Mochudi.
14.2.4 Botswana Police Service
Botswana Police Service is committed to developing efficient and effective methods of reducing crime and making the communities safer. The following is the crime statistics in the district.
Table 14.62 Offences in Kgatleng District for period 1997 to 2002.
Offences Years
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Penal Code Offences 1777 1774 1956 2118 8809 2519
Traffic Offences 3841 4960 7181 6919 2420 9135
Other 399 505 396 287 787 1000
Total 6017 7239 9533 9324 12016 12654
Source: Botswana Police
NB: 1) Penal Code offences refers to all offences against persons and property2) Other offences refer to offences such as possession of dagga, littering etc.
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Although crime in all its form is intolerable , crime of particular concern to the district are Penal code and traffic offences.
14.2.5 Prisons
The only Prison facility in the district is located in Mochudi. The Prisons Service has committed itself to undertaking a number of initiatives. During the NDP8 period, the Prisons Act was amended to allow the release of terminally ill inmates to be taken care of under the Home Based Care Scheme.
14.2.6 Independent Electoral Commission
The Commission successfully conducted the 1999 general elections. Various government officials were engaged to assist in the elections process throughout the District. Another major achievement for the commission is the National Referendum on the Judiciary, which was conducted in November 2001.
A voter apathy study was also commissioned in order to determine the factors behind the diminishing voter turnout at elections. The findings will form a basis for voter education strategies, which will be integrated into the larger voter education curriculum.
14.2.7 Immigration
The role of the department is to protect society against the entrance, residence and movement in and out of the country of people with undesirable behaviour and at the same time ensures smooth passage of genuine travellers. It also offers immigration-related services such as passport service and acquisition of citizenship to the public through its field office in Mochudi.
14.3 LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 14.63 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives
1. To provide a quality service to the communities of Kgatleng by providing for their needs and focus on the reduction of crime including traffic offences.
To reduce the level of preventable crime by 10% To reduce traffic accidents by 5% To reduce response time to report of crimes.
2. To increase public confidence in the Police district personnel by developing community style policing.
To enhance existing crime prevention activities.To have improved cases disposal by 5% by the end of plan period.
3. To promote greater access to justice system
To provide appropriate infrastructure.
4. To combat the problem of illegal immigrants
To design strategy for controlling illegal entry into the country.
5. To improve security features of passports.
To provide security facilities
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14.4 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
14.4.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 14.64 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goals Objectives Environmental Key issues
Impacts
1. To provide a quality service to the communities of Kgatleng by providing for their needs and focus on the reduction of crime including traffic offences.
To reduce the level of preventable crime by 10% To reduce traffic accidents by 5% To reduce respond time to report of crimes.
None
None
None
None
None
None
2. To increase public confidence in the Police district personnel by developing community style policing.
To enhance existing crime prevention activities.To have improved cases disposal by 5% by the end of plan period.
None
None
None
None
3. To promote greater access to justice system
To provide appropriate infrastructure.
Land management, water supplyNatural resources utilization
Pressure on land, water and overexploitation of sand and gravel.
4. To combat the problem of illegal immigrants
To design strategy for controlling illegal entry into the country.
Land management
Pressure on land
5. To improve security features of passports.
To provide security facilities
None None
14.4.2 Evaluation of Sector Policies and Programs Table 14.65 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goals Objectives Policy/Program Impact
1. To provide a quality service to the communities of Kgatleng by providing for their needs and focus on the reduction of crime including traffic offences.
To reduce the level of printable crime by 10%
To reduce traffic accidents by 5%
To reduce respond time to report of crimes.
Botswana Police Act
Botswana Police Act and Road Traffic Act
Botswana Police Act
Much effort has been done, though rate of crime is on increase
Number of accidents on the rise even though effort is commendable
A lot need to be done.
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Goals Objectives Policy/Program Impact
2. To increase public confidence in the Police district personnel by developing community style policing.
To enhance existing crime prevention activities.
To have improved cases disposal by 5% by the end of plan period.
Botswana Police Act
Botswana Police Act
Committees are functioning, public confidence improving.
Police to speed up investigation process, as the process has been slow, hence delay in disposing cases.
3. To promote greater access to justice system
To provide appropriate infrastructure.
Botswana Constitution
Construction of magistrate court done during DDP 5 to improve access to judicial services.
4. To combat the problem of illegal immigrants
To design strategy for controlling illegal entry into the country.
Immigration Act Currently being implemented, as Department is doing repatriation.
5. To improve security features of passports.
To provide security facilities
Immigration Act Security need to be intensified to protect against fraud.
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14.5 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE LAW, JUSTICE AND SECURITY SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 14.66 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goals Objectives Proposed Projects Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures
1. To provide a quality service to the communities of Kgatleng by providing for their needs and focus on the reduction of crime including traffic offences.
To reduce the level of preventable crime by 10% To reduce traffic accidents by 5% To reduce response time to reports of crimes.
Provide sufficient police officers
Construction of 26 staff houses at Olifant’s Drift
Construction of Semi-Urban Police station & 60 staff houses at Mmathubudukwane
Extension of VHF Radio Trunking from Mochudi to outer stations
Extension of Digital microwave link
None
Land degradationLoss of vegetationPressure on water and Land demandOver extraction of sand and gravel
“
“
“
N/A
Carry out EIA
“
“
“
2. To increase public confidence in the Police district personnel by developing community style policing.
To enhance existing crime prevention activities.
To have improved cases disposal by 5% by the end of plan period.
Form and support Crime prevention Committees
Form Neighbourhood Watch Committees
Enhance consultation the community
Purchase Vehicles for police stations
None
None
None
None
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
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Goals Objectives Proposed Projects Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures
3. To promote greater access to justice system
To provide appropriate infrastructure.
Completion of the magistrate Court
Land degradationLoss of vegetationPressure on water and Land demandOver extraction of sand and gravel
Carry out EIA
4. To combat the problem of illegal immigrants
To design strategy for controlling illegal entry into the country.
Set up and Investigation and Repatriation Unit
Mount Border Patrols
None N/A
5. To improve security features of passports.
To provide security facilities Computerisation of the department of Immigration
Introduce machine readable passports
None
Littering
N/A
Proper Waste Disposal or recycling
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14.6 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS
14.6.1 Issues and Strengths
The Police Service made a commendable effort during DDP 5 to improve their services especially in reducing traffic offences by modernising the services. The Immigration Department is faced with acute shortage of office space. The Police Service has also been faced with shortage of staff in the entire district, which has affected its efficiency and effectiveness.
Table 14.67 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Proposed Projects Budget Performance Targets
Plan Monitoring
Provide sufficient police officers
Construction of 26 staff houses at Olifant’s Drift
Construction of Semi-Urban Police station & 60 staff houses at Mmathubudukwane
Extension of VHF Radio Trunking from Mochudi to outer stations
Extension of Digital microwave link
P7 150 000
P40 000 000
P1.5m including Digital Microwave
Police Officer recruited26 staff houses constructed
Police station and staff houses constructed
VHF Radio trunking and digital microwave link extended
Quarterly progress reports
Form and support Crime prevention Committees
Form Neighbourhood Watch Committees
Enhance consultation the community
Purchase Vehicles for police stations
-
-
-
Not Available
Committees formed
Committees Formed
Consultations enhanced
Vehicles purchased
Quarterly progress reports
Completion of the magistrate Court Magistrate Court Completed
Quarterly progress reports
Set up and Investigation and Repatriation Unit
Mount Border Patrols
-
-
Investigation and Repatriation Unit set up
Quarterly progress reports
Computerisation of the department of Immigration
Introduce machine readable passports
Not Available
Not Available
Immigration department computerised
Quarterly progress reports
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CHAPTER FIFTEEN15 LOCAL GOVERNMENT
15.1 INTRODUCTION
The Ministry of Local Government was born out of the split of the former Ministry of Local Government, Lands and Housing into two separate Ministries of Local Government and that of Lands and Housing. The role of the Ministry of Local Government is to provide service and act as a link between Central Government and the local communities. The Ministry of Local Government cuts across all sectors and through its core functions addresses all the pillars of Vision 2016.
15.1.1 The Institutional Framework
The Ministry comprises six departments. These are: - District Administration (DA), Local Government and Development (LG&D), Local Government Services Management (LGSM), Ministry Management (MM), Sanitation and Waste Management (SWM) and Tribal Administration (TA).
At the district level, the Ministry is represented by three Local Authorities, namely: District Council, District Administration and Tribal Administration.
The Local Authorities have the major responsibilities of:
Providing basic physical and social infrastructure (e.g. water provision, primary school and clinics construction) to local communities. Coordination of activities of local government at district level. Social Welfare and community mobilization to facilitate community participation in the development process. In this regard, the Local Authorities have significant direct link with people at grass roots and the government.
15.1.2 Strategic Plans for Respective Ministries
Ministry of Local Government
The Ministry of Local Government is mandated to create an enabling environment for community development, provide basic infrastructure and social services as well as capacity building for Local Authorities, related institutions and Local Communities.
Ministry of Health
The ministry is responsible for the health policy formulation and facilitating implementation of the policy. It also has a duty to provide comprehensive, preventative, promotive, curative and rehabilitative health care services. The Ministry maintains a surveillance system on the quality of health care delivered by all agencies.
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Ministry of Education
The Ministry’s mission is to provide quality education and training that is accessible to learners of all age groups and to create opportunities for life long learning to enable individuals to attain their full potential and to contribute to national socio-economic and technological advancement. This will be achieved through efficient and effective management of the national education and training system, development and implementation of relevant and responsive education policies and provision of an enabling environment for learning.
Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs
The ministry’s strategic plan is to provide excellent customer service in labour administration, trade disputes, correctional services, civil registration, immigration, sports, information, gender, youth, national and cultural heritage.
Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources
The Ministry of Minerals Energy and Water Resources in partnership with other stakeholders will provide reliable, adequate and good quality water. This will be achieved through a motivated workforce developing and implementing equitable, cost effective and environmentally sustainable policies, programmes and legislation.
Ministry of Works Transport and Communications
The ministry will provide efficient, cost effective, safe, reliable, sustainable and environmentally sound infrastructure and services to international standards which will support other government strategies for the social and economic development of Botswana.
Ministry of Lands, Housing and Environment
The primary responsibilities of the Ministry is managing land and related functions, facilitation of national housing development programmes and promoting environmental management throughout the country. Its key performance areas with respect to Local Government are, availability and equitable distribution of land, housing delivery and home ownership and environmental friendly conscious nation.
Ministry of Agriculture
The main responsibility of the Ministry of Agriculture is the promotion of agricultural productivity through an effective and efficient service delivery system and training.
15.1.3 Parastatals
15.1.3.1 Botswana Power Corporation (BPC)
BPC strives to generate, transmit, distribute and supply electricity in the most safe, reliable, effective, affordable and environmentally friendly manner to enhance the social and economic well being of the nation.
15.1.4 The Role of the Private Sector
It is the intention of the Ministry of Local Government through the district councils to hive off some of its activities to the private sector. Such activities include landfill management and rural waste management. Other services like security services, office cleaning and landscaping will also be hived off.
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15.1.5 Community Consultation Priority Issues
Community priority issues include poor storm water drainage system, poor roads together with their maintenance. They also complained of the quality of water in the river villages, which is very saline, and above all, they complained of accessibility to services and hence need to establish a Sub District and additional Sub Land Board. Tribal Administration has poor building facilities, which need further improvements and construction of new ones. Education facilities are experiencing a backlog, especially teachers’ quarters. The last issue raised was slow implementation of projects during last plan period, the communities were concerned that projects were delayed, others deferred but no feedback was given to them.
15.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
15.2.1 District Administration
The Department was established by an Act of Parliament of 1965. It coordinates the District Development planning process and in addition to other District Administration duties oversees central government development activities in the district.
15.2.2 Township and District Act
District Councils were set up by establishment orders under subsidiary legislation, that is the Local Government (District Councils) Act of 1965. This Act prescribed the establishment of councils as bodies corporate and provided the basis for their constitutions, proceedings, staffing, powers and duties, financial arrangements, suspension and dissolution.
The Council is responsible for the provision of Council Statutory services in the district. There are several committees, which run the affairs of the Council. These committees then report to the Kgatleng District Council.
15.2.3 Tribal Land Act (1968)
The Tribal Land Act was passed by Parliament in 1968 and came into operation in 1970. It establishes the Tribal Land Boards and describes their boundaries. The Land Boards are body corporate and are empowered by this Act to allocate or cancel any grant of land, authorize change of land use and ensures that grantees abide by development covenants associated with grant of the land. They are empowered under the Act to describe land use zones such as settlements, grazing and arable land after consultation with the District Council.
15.2.4 Social Welfare.
The critical issues are destitution, orphan care and home based care programs. Orphan care and home based care programs operate without policies. Orphan care programme operate under a short-term plan of action pending preparation of a policy. Only destitution has a policy, which is discussed below.
15.2.5 The Revised National Policy on Destitute Persons
The above policy is an amended policy and updated version of the policy that was introduced in 1980. The framework of the policy is to ensure that government provides minimum assistance to the genuine destitute persons to ensure their good health and welfare.
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In addition to the above policies, there is a new policy called Early Childwood Education and Development 2002 it provides nurturing of children, registration, monitoring of pre school institutions that provides for their development.
15.2.6 The Revised National Policy on Education
The Revised National Policy on Education (RNPE) was approved by the National Assembly on the 7th April 1994. This policy outlines the government’s reactions to the recommendations of the Report of the National Commission on Education (1993) and lays down policy guidelines and strategies for future educational development.
The goal of the Education Policy is to prepare Batswana for the transition from a traditional agro-based economy that the country aspires to. Besides the demands of the economy, the government considers access to basic education a fundamental human right. The education system must develop moral and social values, cultural identity and self-esteem, good citizenship and desirable work ethics.
The RNPE spells out the strategy for educational development whose long-term perspective is up to 25 years groups in the society through the following main issues:
Access and equity Effective preparation of students for life, citizenship and the world of work Improvement and maintenance of quality of the education system Enhancement of the performance and status of the teaching profession Efficient management of the education system Cost effectiveness and cost sharing in the financing of the education system
The role of the Ministry of Local Government is to provide infrastructure for primary schools, maintenance of the schools and provision of rations.
15.2.7 Tribal Administration
The Tribal Administration operates under the following Acts: Chieftainship Act: It recognizes traditional leaders as custodians of customary law. These leaders are also empowered to cascade developmental issues to their tribes in consultation with other three local institutions. Local Police Act the Act is a legal instrument used for the appointment, dismissal and a guide to local Police personnel. Customary Court Act: the act guides the traditional leaders and staffs of customary courts. It gives framework for grading the courts and stipulates the warrant of these courts.
15.2.8 Village Development Committee Guidelines (2001 Revised)
Village Development Committees were established through a Presidential Directives in 1968 to carry out development projects on a self-help basis. These committees rely on guidelines for their operations. These guidelines are meant to help VDCs to work closely with their communities and to help rekindle and revive their spirit of self-reliance, which seem to have diminished.
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15.2.9 Waste Management Act
The act spells out procedures for the creation of landfill sites, waste disposal sites and the general sanitation in villages. It has already been stated that the threat to underground pollution exists in the district. The district needs a clear waste management plan to be able to address the issues of waste generation, storage and collection. Already there is a landfill constructed in the district at Pilane and the other one will be constructed at Dikwididi during DDP6.
15.3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT
15.3.1 District Administration
It coordinates the District Development planning process and in addition to other District Administration duties oversees central government development activities in the district. It has offices in Mochudi. In terms of service delivery, it has been discharging its functions satisfactorily.
15.3.2 District Council
The core functions of the District Council is to provide basic infrastructure and provision of social services and promotion of community development. It provides basic infrastructure through its departments which are as follows:
Council Roads Unit that is responsible for construction and maintenance of rural roads. District Council water supply and waste water which is responsible for provision of potable water and provision and maintenance of sewerage system. Sanitation and Waste Management which is responsible for both solid and waste management in the district. Primary Education and Primary health provision that is charged with provision of primary education facilities and primary health care facilities respectively.
Social services are given by the following Departments: Social and Community Development administers programs such as home based care, orphan care, early childhood, destitution and home economics and community development. Remote Area Development is charged with up-liftment of economic and social status of remote area dwellers. Self Help Housing Scheme is responsible for promotion of rural housing and home ownership for the low-income group of people.
15.3.3 Tribal Administration
The Tribal Administration headquarters is located in Mochudi. There are 22 established customary courts of records and 18 headmen of arbitration within the district. The department administers customary law, upholds culture, maintains peace.
15.3.4 Land Board
The Land Board is responsible for administration of tribal land allocation, settlements of disputes and land demarcation. Kgatleng Main Land is located in Mochudi with three Sub Land Boards at Mochudi, Artesia and Mmathubudukwane.
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15.4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 15.68 The Goals and Objectives of the Local Government
Goals Objectives
To serve rural communities through provision of effective basic physical infrastructure and social services.
To improve and expand physical infrastructure, i.e. water, roads, health and primary school facilities etcTo uplift the socio-economic status of the RADsTo provide social safety nets for vulnerable groups
To ensure community participation in all aspects of Local Government and Development
To influence and reinforce the participation of communities in district development
To promote rural development. To create a conducive environment for potential investors
To put to best use the Tribal Administration System and customs for social harmony, order and development
To improve the rate which cases are tried and reduce the backlog of cases pending trials.To bring the operation of local police at par with Botswana Police.To mobilize the communities on the need to preserve their customs and traditions
To bring services closer to the people To increase service stations in the district.
15.5 FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
15.5.1 Evaluation Of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives
Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
To serve rural communities through provision of effective basic physical infrastructure and social services.
To improve and expand physical infrastructure, i.e. water, roads, health and primary school facilities etc
To uplift the socio-economic status of the RADs
To provide social safety nets for vulnerable groups
Land managementWater supply
Natural resource utilization
Pollution Waste Management
Land management, water supply. Natural utilization
Pollution and waste management
Land degradation, pressure on water supply, over exploitation of natural resources and pollution
Land degradation, pressure on water supply, over exploitation of natural resources
Littering
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Goals Objectives Environmental Key Issues
Impacts
To ensure community participation in all aspects of Local Government and Development
To influence and reinforce the participation of communities in district development
None NA
To promote rural development.
To create a conducive environment for potential investors
Land management, water, natural resource use
Land degradation, pressure on water supply, over exploitation of natural resources
To put to best use the Tribal Administration System and customs for social harmony, order and development
To improve the rate which cases are tried and reduce the backlog of cases pending trials.To bring the operation of local police at par with Botswana Police.To mobilize the communities on the need to preserve their customs and traditions
None
None
None
NA
NA
NA
To bring services closer to the people
To increase service stations in the district.
Land management, water supply, natural resource use
Land degradation, pressure on water supply, over exploitation of natural resources.
15.5.2 Evaluation Of Sector Policies and Programmes
Goals Objectives Policy/Program Impact
To serve rural communities through provision of effective basic physical infrastructure and social services.
To improve and expand physical infrastructure, i.e. water, roads, health and primary school facilities etc
To uplift the socio-economic status of the RADs
District Council Act Fairly good
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Goals Objectives Policy/Program Impact
To provide social safety nets for vulnerable groups
District Council Act, RADP
District Council Act, Destitution Policy, Short Term Action Plan for Orphan Care
Fairly good
Fairly good
To ensure community participation in all aspects of Local Government and Development
To influence and reinforce the participation of communities in district development
District Council Act, VDC guidelines
Fairly good
To promote rural development.
To create a conducive environment for potential investors
District Council Act, National Policy on Rural Development , Industrial Development Policy
Not much done, during DDP 6 more effort needed.
To bring services closer to the people
To increase service stations in the district.
Tribal Land Act Three Sub Land Boards not meeting demand
15.6 STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
15.6.1 Proposed Projects
The proposed projects under this Ministry are many and varied. They range from primary school facilities, primary health facilities, water reticulation systems, major village infrastructure, district roads, customary courts construction, storage, and distribution facilities, etc. For detailed projects refer to matrices.
15.6.2 Potential Impacts of Proposed Projects / Mitigation Measures
Major developments have impacts on the environment, and assessment of such impacts using environmental assessment tools is necessary in order to undertake mitigation measures with regard to the proposed developments.
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15.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DDP 6
15.7.1 Issues and strengths
The main strength of the Local Authorities (LA) is that they are nearer to most of the communities they serve as such they are familiar with community needs. It is against this background that LA has other strength such as customer focused service, timely response to community needs. However LAs are constantly faced with a lots of constraints which includes the following; resource constraints in terms of manpower and finance, centralized decision making, delay in project implementation which results in cost overruns. Lack of human resource development strategy.
15.7.2 Development Budget for DDP 6 / UDP2
Development budget is discussed below and breakdown is contained in the matrices.
15.7.2.1 LG 101 Local Authorities Infrastructure Maintenance
Over the years, government has invested heavily in the provision of infrastructure such as roads, schools, staff houses, health facilities and others. This infrastructure requires extensive maintenance. Due to a huge backlog of such maintenance in infrastructure stock countrywide, a new development project was created during NDP 8 to clear the backlog in Local Authorities.
Implementation of project will continue during NDP 9 / DDP 6 and completion is expected within the first three years of the plan period. Thereafter, maintenance will be covered under the normal recurrent budget.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 5, 416 Million
15.7.2.2 LG 104 Ministry / Local Authority Fleet Development
The objective of this project is to provide vehicles for the Ministry of Local Government and Local Authorities. The Districts activities increased tremendously during the past plan period, thus increasing the demand for transport. Shortage of transport often causes serious delays in provision of services to the society at large.
Specialised and custom made vehicles like ambulances, clinical waste, vacuum tankers, refuse trucks etc will be procured under their respective projects.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 2, 708 Million
15.7.2.3 LG 301 Storage And Distribution Facilities
This project provides funding for storage and distribution facilities for supplementary feeding. Due to prolonged drought periods and population growth, the number of beneficiaries assisted with supplementary feeding has increased. A warehouse will be built in Mochudi as a differed project from NDP 8.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 3, 954 Million
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15.7.2.4 LG 901 Customary Courts
This project provides funding for construction of offices, requisite furniture, equipment and transport for the customary courts. During NDP 9 / DDP 6, the main focus will be on the eradication of the backlog and provision of transport, furniture and communication network. In addition, new courts will be complimented with residential accommodation / houses as a package. Old and dilapidated offices will be renovated, extended and provided with requisite facilities. Additional staff will also be deployed to various customary courts.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 8, 254 Million
15.7.2.5 LG 1102 Primary Education
During NDP 8 / DDP 5 the objective of this project was to clear the backlog of classroom, teachers’ quarters and toilets. The major goal for NDP 9 / DDP 6 is to continue implementing the Revised National Policy on Education. The target is that all classes should have classrooms and that all teachers should have accommodation. The classroom construction target is based on a revised pupil – teacher ratio of 30:1. Other related facilities such as RADs hostels, administration blocks, toilets, libraries, kitchens and storerooms and buses will also be provided.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 36,109 Million
15.7.2.6 LG 1103 Recreational Facilities
Local Authorities have statutory responsibility for the establishment of recreational facilities within their areas of jurisdiction. The objective of this programme is to provide funding for the construction of public parks, construction of multi purpose halls and purchasing of playground equipment. Recreational facilities have previously received little attention particularly in the District Councils. The increasingly high demand for recreational services countrywide has made it imperative to create a stand alone recreational facilities programme in order to promote their provision and management.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 2,853 Million
15.7.2.7 LG 1104 Primary Health Facilities
This programme provides funds for construction of clinics, health posts, maternity wings, nurses houses and incinerators. It also purchases ambulances and furniture and equipment for health facilities. Provision of the above mentioned facilities and equipment has improved accessibility to primary health facilities countrywide. Notwithstanding the successes achieved in providing health infrastructure, optimal utilization of the facilities was hampered by acute shortage of nurses particularly midwives. This scenario tendered to undermine the objectives of the primary health policy, as some completed facilities either operated with skeletal staff or were not operating at all.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 10, 327 Million
15.7.2.8 LG 1105 Rural Administration Centres And Offices
This project provides funding for the construction of integrated office blocks for both Central Government and Local Authorities at district and sub district headquarters together with council chambers. The project will continue to provide funding for construction of new RAC in Mochudi
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(if need be) and service centers in line with the 2ND local Government Commission to improve accessibility to services in the districts.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 50,272 Million
15.7.2.9 LG 1106 Remote Area Development Programme
The programme provides funds for physical infrastructure such as health facilities and water aimed at capacity and institution building, promotion of productive rural employment, and research activities for the Remote Area Dwellers (RADs). Although significant achievements of infrastructure provision have been made in recognized settlements, the programme still lags behind in improving the economic status of the RADs. RADs continue to face problems such as poverty, insecurity, high illiteracy, weak institutions and leadership and negative public attitudes.
During NDP 9 / DDP 6 basic infrastructure development will be continued although efforts will be made to graduate some RADs settlements to village status. There will be emphasis on land rights and improved shelter, employment and income generating opportunities among the RADs.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 4, 279 Million
15.7.2.10 LG 1107 Labour Intensive Public Works Programme
The objective of this project is to generate employment by using labour intensive and simple tools to construct and maintain public facilities. During DDP 6, the project will continue to provide a source of income for the most vulnerable members of our communities by employing simple tools to construct and maintain public facilities and others.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 6, 811 Million
15.7.2.11 LG 1108 National Rural Sanitation Programme
The project’s objective is to reduce incidences of diseases related to poor sanitation and hygiene. This is to be achieved through provision of latrine sub structures based on self – help and subsidized basis to rural households. Additionally, in major villages the programme provides for the construction of sanitary landfills for safe disposal of solid wastes.
In keeping up with rapid growth of major villages, there is need to continue with construction of additional latrines during this plan period. Other components include procurement of waste management vehicles and equipment, provision of sludge digesters and drying beds. The project will also provide funds for upgrading and construction of major village sewerage infrastructure.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 23, 994 Million
15.7.2.12 LG 1109 Community Projects
This programme aims at improving the economic and social welfare of people in the rural and urban areas, through:
Strengthening local institutions’ (Village / Ward Development Committees and others) ability to plan and implement development projects. Improving communication between village and district level institutions as well as urban centers
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Promoting productive and employment generating activities through the Micro Project Programme (MPP) and the pilot component.
This project has five components, which include small infrastructure projects, logistical support and training for village and ward institutions as well as extension staff, a pilot scheme and block grant.
During DDP 6 funds will continue to be availed to support projects initiated and implemented by Village and Ward Development Committees.
Another major and complimentary component of this programme is Micro Projects Programme (MPP). The MPP has continued to gain popularity with communities and Non Governmental Organisations. In this plan period emphasis will shift away from the infrastructure projects to income generating projects.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 5, 726 Million
15.7.2.13 LG 1110 Village Water Supply And Sewerage
The District Councils are currently operating and maintaining rural village water supply schemes. Tremendous strides have been made in project management activities and in enhancing the capacity of District Councils by providing the necessary infrastructure, such as offices and workshops, logistical support services in the form of vehicles, plant and equipment.
During DDP 6 the project will provide funds for the upgrading and rehabilitation of rural village water supply schemes and also the provision of water borne sewerage facilities for secondary villages. In addition the project will provide funding for the capacity building of District Councils to efficiently operate and maintain both water supply and sewerage schemes, as well as gradually take part in some of the upgrading and rehabilitation activities currently being done by the Department of Water Affairs.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 23, 752 Million
15.7.2.14 LG 1111 Village Infrastructure
This project funds construction of stormwater drainages, internal roads and provision of street lighting in village to make the viable locations for investment.
The most substantial drawback encountered in the implementation of projects has been the existing unplanned pattern and structure of land allocation and developments. This has made developments very costly as either the buildings and other structures have to be relocated after being compensated for or additional infrastructural developments have to be built around such buildings and structures. This pattern has necessitated that new and more organized village plans be prepared to ensure cost effective developments.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 85, 501 Million
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15.7.2.15 LG 1112 Municipal Services
This is the programme that provides funding for specific programmes like market stalls, fire stations and services, cemeteries, bus ranks, public parking areas, mechanical workshops, Mayor’s and Council Chairperson’s houses etc.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 9, 027 Million
15.7.2.16 LG 1115 District Roads
The aim of this project is to construct and maintain access, tertiary, secondary and primary roads in remote, rural and urban areas using all sources of labour and capital intensive methods. The major thrust of this project is to implement the recommendations of the Botswana Roads Maintenance Study. The study apportioned the responsibility for construction of roads between Local Authorities and Roads Department (Ministry of Works, Transport and Communications). Primary and Secondary roads are the responsibility of Roads Department while tertiary and access roads are the responsibility of Districts and Urban Councils.
Local Authorities will be responsible for the implementation of this project and will continue to use private contractors for road construction and maintenance work where possible in order to avoid the need for any significant purchase of heavy road construction equipment.
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST P 38, 217 Million
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST FOR KGATLENG DISTRICT = P 317, 199 Million
15.8 PERFORMANCE TARGETS AND PLAN MONITORING PROGRAMME
Success indicators under this Ministry will be the number of completed structures and/or projects versus the proposed projects per financial year.
The midterm review exercise of the plan will also be an indicator in itself because it will reveal the overall performance of the Ministry. Quarterly progress report will be a tool to monitor progress.
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CHAPTER SIXTEEN16 CONTINGENCY PLANNING
16.1 INTRODUCTION
Contingency planning is a process that involves the anticipation of disaster with a view to remain ever ready to apply mitigation measures. “Disaster preparedness” whose main goal is to safeguard life and property, is considered to be an aspect of contingency planning. This is in line with the Vision 2016 pillar which aspires for “A Safe and Secure Nation”. Since most if not all of the known disasters are neither predictable nor preventable therefore, “Disaster relief” is a very important aspect of disaster preparedness. From the “Development” point of view, Disaster should be managed; hence the phrase “Disaster Management”, which is regarded as a development activity. Disaster management basically aims at protecting development from Disasters; hence the approach is to firstly, attempt to anticipate disaster, then predict occurrences, prevent predicted occurrence, application of mitigation measures, rehabilitation and reconstruction. This is of course a development process.
In Botswana we have been affected by various kinds of disasters including drought, floods, fires, epidemics, accidents at some level, national or sub-national. Government adopted a National Policy on Disaster Management in 1996.
16.1.1 Institutional Framework:
A National Disaster Management office (NDMO) was established in 1998, as a unit in the Office of the President, to coordinate disaster planning, preparedness, mitigation response and recovery.
At district level management of the disaster is coordinated by the District Disaster Management Committee that was formed in 1999. The committee is mandated to prepare a district disaster management strategy, which it has not yet done.
Although the National Policy on disaster management is meant to be all embracing, its inception was preceded by a well developed Drought Management Structure that is still in operation. Under this arrangement, there is the District Drought Relief Committee (DDRC) which amongst other responsibilities, is mandated to prepare District Drought situation report for presentation at a joint meeting with Inter-Ministerial Drought Committee which tours the whole country visiting each district to assess the Drought situation and subsequently reports to the (IMDC). IMDC in turn reports to the Rural Development Council (RDC). RDC reports to cabinet and finally it is the Head of State who delivers the message on drought situation to the nation.
Parallel to the above two structural elements, there is a legislative provision namely, Sub-herbage Preservation Act, which in the case of outbreak of veldt fire mandates the District Commissioner or Chief, to summon members of the public to go and fight the fire. If a member of the public was to evade such a duty call, would be punishable under the law.
In the case of a domestic fire outbreak, the District Council is expected to respond in attempt to extinguish it; the army and or police are relied upon for rescue service.
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16.1.2 Strategic Plans For Respective Ministries
Ministry of Local Government
The Ministry of Local Government Strategic Plan has been developed to assist its leadership to establish the direction the ministry should take and guide its members to envision its future and develop the necessary procedures and operations to achieve the preferred future of excellence and continuous improvement. One of the Ministry’s strategic goals is to ensure customer satisfaction through quality service delivery. It also seeks to improve community quality of life of Batswana by coordinating and providing basic infrastructure and social services.
In terms of the disaster management in the district, this will be achieved by timely implementation of projects and activities aimed at reducing the impact from future disasters and vulnerability of the population. It will also ensure that effective disaster preparedness measures are in place to cope with disasters. And that emergency responses and recovery initiatives are in place when disasters occur.
Ministry of Lands Housing and Environment
The Ministry of Lands and Housing will foster environment friendly practices through formulation, review and facilitation of implementation of relevant environmental policies and legislations. This will assist in wise management of the environment as the ministry will promote environmental education through public awareness programmes will review environmental policies in order to promote environmental friendly practices. The National Conservation Strategy Agency (NCSA) has embarked on nationwide tours that target District Development Committees to create awareness of bio-diversity and sustainable development issues.
Ministry of Presidential Affairs
The role of the ministry is coordination of the disaster management issues through the Disaster Management Office. It also has key players like the Botswana Police and the Botswana Defence Force. The ministry will ensure a high state of the disaster preparedness and capacity at national, district and community levels to ensure effective, appropriate and timely response to any disaster that may strike. It will also oversee the activities of responsible sectors to ensure that mitigation programmes are integrated into their plan.
16.1.3 Drought and Food Relief Management
As drought is endemic in Botswana, there is need to continually monitor and update planning and provision for drought relief. The growing population and expanding number of primary schools and clinic facilities encourages the need for infrastructure and logistical support to enable even larger volumes for relief food to be stored and distributed efficiently in the district. Effective coordination of food relief, agricultural support, emergency water supplies and labour intensive public works will be a priority for all levels of the government and affected communities themselves.
16.1.4 The Role of the Private Sector
The private sector as a partner with government is expected to play an active role in the management of disasters, as they are also members of the District Disaster Management Committee. They will also be expected to assist in providing relief measures in times of disasters. As such there is a need to increase collaboration with the private sector, in this regard awareness creation will remain an important tool in reaching the private sector.
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16.1.5 Disaster Relief Sector Priorities
Drought and famine due to unreliable and erratic rainfall Farming on marginal lands due to lack of good alternative land. Veldt and domestic fires outbreak, both natural and man-made. The district does not have fire fighting equipment. Shortage of potable water due to the erratic nature of rainfall the water table is getting depleted. Where there is ground water it is mostly not enough. Sewage water management. The district has several sewerage ponds that are expected to produce quite a large amount of effluent. This is a potential pollutant. Pollution to a lesser extent. Veldt fires and refuse burning reduce air quality. Land and soil pollution takes place through littering and landfills. Surface and ground water pollution through effluent discharge and hazardous chemical disposable is on the increase. Animal disease outbreaks. The outbreak of livestock diseases negatively impacts on the district. Waste Management. The district does not have waste management guidelines.
16.2 NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION
16.2.1 National Disaster Master Plan (Draft)
The National Disaster Master Plan guides all levels of disaster management and mitigation. It lays the framework for establishment of the district Disaster Management Committee. It also calls for the establishment of Village Disaster Management Committees. This move will enable the district to have coordinated disaster plans and pave way for their implementation. It will also help in monitoring disaster activities in the district and reduce duplication of duties.
16.2.2 Food Security Strategy
The National Food Strategy lies down the broad framework within which the national and households food and economic security processes and activities are to be carried out. The scope of the strategy is as follows Improvements in socio-economic security at the national level Providing economic access to food for households by attainment of a broad based income security. Assurance of households security through availability of national food imports and production. Guarantee food safety and nutritional security.
Within the scope of this strategy, there will be a joint responsibility reflecting the tripartite partnership of government, private sector and households in the provision of security of availability and access to nutritionally safe and adequate food.
16.2.3 National Policy on Disaster Management
The policy emphasises the need to establish and maintain systems for dealing with disasters other than drought and integrates these systems into normal on going development activities at national, district and local level. It creates a framework which facilitate the preparation of plans and legislations for effective implementation of disaster management and its legitimacy.
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16.3 CONTINGENCY PLANS
16.3.1 Drought Relief
Under the current system, whenever drought is declared, the Ministry of Finance and Development Planning issues a special warrant to fund the Drought Relief program. This is of course a planning anathema as it upsets the budget.
During DDP 5 the prevalence of drought dominated the planning period. Consideration should also be given to the evident contributions the drought projects have made in our development endeavour. Nonetheless, it should be our persistent attempt to pursue under drought, income-generating projects. The drought program has great potential with some tuning and refinement of yielding positive results in the effort to redress unemployment and poverty.
16.3.2 Food Relief
The basic essence of food relief services is to administer supplementary feeding to vulnerable group members of our society. Expressed in terms of Vision 2016, the idea is to extend compassion, justice and care to the vulnerable members of the society.
During DDP5 the district continued to experience problems of inadequate storage facilities and transportation as in the proceeding planning period. The reason for that was simply because the planned project of constructing a warehouse during DDP5 did not materialise. The project has been proposed for implementation during DDP6. The warehouse will be properly furnished with appropriate equipment for convenient safe and secure operation. Furthermore, a ten-ton truck will also be purchased. This will add to the existing fleet of three that has proved to be adequate. As a contingent, the provision to hire private transport should remain open
16.3.3 Disaster Relief
Within the framework of Vision 2016, the National Policy on Disaster Management has determined the need to establish disaster contingency fund. The focus will then be on the preparation of an inventory of past, present and future disaster threats for the various communities district wide. It would then be meaningful to conduct community disaster sensitization/educational campaigns for the residents as a preparatory measure. These efforts would have to be complemented by deliberate effort in design of development projects to ensure that they are as much as possible disaster proof. By so doing we will accomplish Vision 2016 ideal of ‘a safe and secure nation’.
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16.4 CONTINGENCY PLANNING SECTOR GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Table 16.69 Sector Goals and Objectives
Goal Objectives
1. To reduce incidence of veldt fire outbreaks To educate the community of the dangers of veldt products at monthly farmers’ committeesTo construct and maintain fire breaks quarterly
2. To reduce effects of floods on people Public awarenessMap evacuation routesIdentify areas prone to floodsTo relocate people from disaster prone areas.To design flood sensitive infrastructure plansTo build storage facilities for disaster relief material.
3. To reduce the incidence of diseases outbreaks Intensified public awareness by all stakeholders through workshopsProper animal husbandry practices
4. To integrate disaster mitigation strategies into development plans
Annual plans to have disaster management priorities.
5. To improve collaboration of public sector and private sector in disaster management
Revive disaster management committees and bring on board private sectorFrequent refresher workshops for all stakeholders.
16.5 FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
16.5.1 Evaluation of Environmental Key Issues with Sector Goals and Objectives Table 16.70 Goals, Objectives, Environmental Key Issues and Impacts
Goal Objectives Environmental Key Issue
Impact
1. To reduce incidence of veldt fire outbreaks
To educate the community of the dangers of veldt products at monthly farmers’ committeesTo construct and maintain fire breaks
Pollution and Waste Management
Land ManagementNatural Resource Utilisation
Littering
Pressure on Land and natural resource
2. To reduce effects of floods on people
Public awareness
Identify areas prone to floods and map evacuation routes
Pollution and Waste Management
None
None
Littering
N.A
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Goal Objectives Environmental Key Issue
Impact
To design flood sensitive infrastructure plans
To build storage facilities for disaster relief material.
Land ManagementNatural Resource Utilisation
N/A
Pressure on land and water demand
3. To reduce the incidence of disease outbreaks
Intensified public awareness by all stakeholders through workshopsProper animal husbandry practices
Pollution and Waste management
Land Management Natural Resource Utilisation
Littering
Pressure on land and water demandPressure on Natural Resources
4. To integrate disaster mitigation strategies into development plans
Annual plans to have disaster management priorities.
None N/A
5. To improve collaboration of public and private sectors in disaster management
Revive disaster management committees and bring on board private sectorFrequent refresher workshops for all stakeholders.
None
Pollution and Waste Management
N/A
Littering
16.5.2 Evaluation of Policies and Programmes Table 16.71 Goals, Objectives, Policies/Programmes and Impacts
Goal Objectives Policies/Programs Impact
1. To reduce incidence of veldt fire outbreaks
To educate the community of the dangers of veldt products at monthly farmers’ committeesTo construct and maintain fire breaks
Sub-Herbage Preservation Act
Agricultural Resources Act
The policies have been implemented fairly good because there are firebreaks constructed in the district
2. To reduce effects of floods on people
Identify areas prone to floods and map evacuation routes
To design flood sensitive infrastructure plansTo build storage facilities for disaster relief material.
National Policy on Disaster Management
National Policy on Disaster
Nothing much has been done regarding this policy. The disaster management structure is too centralised
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Goal Objectives Policies/Programs Impact
Management
National Policy on Disaster Management
3. To reduce the incidence of diseases outbreaks
Intensified public awareness by all stakeholders through workshopsProper animal husbandry practices
National Agricultural Development Policy
Fairly Good
4. To integrate disaster mitigation strategies into development plans
Annual plans to have disaster management priorities.
National Policy on Disaster Management
Fairly good
5. To improve collaboration of public sector and private sector in disaster management
Revive disaster management committees and bring on board private sectorFrequent refresher workshops for all stakeholders.
National Disaster Management Policy
Fairly Good
16.6 PROPOSED PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES Table 16.72 Proposed Projects, Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Goal Objectives Proposed Project
Potential Impacts
Mitigation Measures
1. To reduce incidence of veldt fire outbreaks
To educate the community of the dangers of veldt products at monthly farmers’ committeesTo construct and maintain fire breaks
Conduct workshops
Construction of Fire breaks
Littering
Pressure on land and Natural resources
Proper waste disposal
Carry out SEA
2. To reduce effects of floods on people
Identify areas prone to floods and map evacuation routes
To design flood sensitive infrastructure plans compliant to floods
To build storage
Collect inventory of areas prone to floods and map evacuation routes
Building plans must comply to safety
None
None
N/A
None
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Goal Objectives Proposed Project
Potential Impacts
Mitigation Measures
facilities for disaster relief material.
measures
Construction of warehouse
Pressure on land water demand
Carry out SEA
3. To reduce the incidence of diseases outbreaks
Intensified public awareness by all stakeholders through workshops
Proper animal husbandry practices
Conduct workshops
Maintenance of the existing agricultural infrastructure
Littering
Insignificant Impact
Proper waste management
N/A
4. To integrate disaster mitigation strategies into development plans
Annual plans to have disaster management priorities.
Mainstream disaster management into development Planning
None N/A
5. To improve collaboration of public sector and private sector in disaster management
Revive disaster management committees and bring on board private sectorFrequent refresher workshops for all stakeholders.
Make an inventory of existing private sector in the district
Conduct workshops
None
Littering
N/A
Proper waste disposal
16.7 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT FOR DDP 6
16.7.1 Issues and strengths
Kgatleng District is prone to veldt fire outbreaks but the community is reluctant to assist in fire suppression activities. There has not been many domestic fire outbreaks but the possibility of putting up and equipping a fire station cannot be ruled out, as a contingency measure.
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16.7.2 Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring Table 16.73 Proposed Projects, Performance Targets, Budget and Plan Monitoring
Proposed Project Performance Target Budget Plan Monitoring
Conduct workshops
Construction of Fire breaks
Workshops conducted
Fire breaks constructed
Not available
Budget not Available
Quarterly progress report
Collect inventory of areas prone to floods and map evacuation routes
Building plans must comply to safety measures
Construction of warehouse
Inventory collected and evacuation routes mapped
Compliant plans designed
Ware house constructed
Budget not Available
Budget not Available
Budget not Available
Quarterly progress report
Conduct workshops
Maintenance of the existing agricultural infrastructure
Workshops conducted
Agricultural Infrastructure maintained
Budget not Available
Budget not Available
Quarterly progress report
Mainstream disaster management into development Planning
Disaster management mainstreamed
Budget not Available
Quarterly progress report
Make an inventory of existing private sector in the district
Conduct workshops
Inventory of existing private sector made
Workshops conducted
Budget not Available
Quarterly progress report
16.7.3 Resource Requirements for DDP6
Resources required to accomplish the projects in this chapter are perhaps moderate. The most important resource is finance. Indeed the proposed warehouse, equipment and materials do carry cost implications. All other operations also have cost attached to them. Management will also play a crucial role as a resource input. The challenge to management will be to remain prepared for disaster even without any sign of possible threat; which in fact is the essence of contingency planning. Apart from meeting regularly, the DDMC will also have to ensure that the various components of the response mechanism remain in tune through regular rehearsals.
The current situation where the DDMC does not have any capital outlay and of course materials also is most regressive. What happens is that the committee relies on government agencies and non-government organisations for such needs. Thus, there is no warehouse, no tents, no blankets no first aid equipment, no money no offices. In the past tents used in relief operations were borrowed from the Elections office and the Red Cross Society. Transport was provided by the District Council and other government departments office accommodation and stationery were
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provided by District Administration and Council. There were no materials deserving mention, and the headquarters could not assist because it was also equally deprived. This is the scenario, which must be changed. The DDMC must be transformed into a well-endowed body with desirable resources.
Although government has in the past had difficulties in providing for contingency planning requirements, growing recognition of the need to treat disaster management as an aspect of development process because of the enormous benefits that are associated with this approach, are sensitising us towards transforming our response mechanisms from a state of dormancy to action, dependency to at least partial independence, budget absence to budget allocation, management by crisis to preparedness.
Despite the overbearing budget constraints associated with such operations we are convinced that the new trend will prove to be worthwhile.
16.7.4 Plan Monitoring Program
Goal Activity Start End Target Key Performance Indicator
Safety and Security measure
Compassionate, Just and Caring.
Construction of a District Disaster Management Warehouse, purchase of equipment, purchase of stock.
Construction of fire station in Mochudi.
Construction of fire breaks network throughout the District.
May 2004
April 2004
June 2004
October 2004
April 2005
June 2005
Build capacity for providing relief aid to 4000 persons at once.
Response time of under four minutes.
Cover the whole District.
Safety and security measure.
Compassionate, just and caring
Establishment of disaster Management Relief Fund
April 2003
March 2009
Two million Pula.
Education and Information of society
Mounting of educational workshop to sensitise members of the community and prepare them for the unlikely occurrences of
April 2003
April 2004 The whole District.
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Goal Activity Start End Target Key Performance Indicator
disaster.
Education and Information of society
Train specific individuals as Team Leaders in disaster operations.
April 2004
September 2004
Two people from each settlement.
Safety and Security
Revive DDMC and widen its scope beyond that of preparedness for relief to that of Disaster Avoidance and re-construction.
April 2004
Continuous The committee to meet regularly at least 4 times in a year.
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CHAPTER SEVENTEEN17 PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION
17.1 INTRODUCTION:
One way to feed information into the planning process is through monitoring and evaluation. These can actually be used as a controlling mechanism as well as a learning process. Monitoring and evaluation are directed to the gathering of information about activities, which are already finalised, or in progress.
17.1.1 The Institutional Framework:
The preparation and monitoring of the District Development Plans is the responsibility of the District Development Committee, District Extension Team and other district committees.
Each Department has to prepare its plan proposals based on the consultations with the community. Once prepared, such proposals are presented to the District Development Committee and the District Council in that order for approval. Once approved, the draft plan is presented to the Ministry of Local Government, which will take it through appropriate steps for approval at Central Government level. Once the plan is approved it gets implemented by the district officials with the assistance of the respective ministries.
17.1.2 Plan Management
The goal of the plan management is to ensure that plans are well coordinated, goals and objectives are achieved, targets are met and if not corrective measures are taken where necessary. Generally the review is done towards the middle of the plan period to determine how implementation has progressed or whether priorities needs to be changed which may require attention. The details of these is discussed below:
17.1.3 Plan Monitoring And Evaluation
Plan Monitoring for Council projects at district level is the responsibility of the Council Chief Executive through relevant departmental heads particularly the Planning and Works Department. This is done through staff visits, regular progress meeting and physical progress reports to the relevant Council Committees.
To facilitate the periodic preparation of reports on programme implementation, the District Development Plan is broken down into annual plans which state the targets each department sets for itself to achieve annually. The successive annual plans are supposed to achieve the set goals of the District Development Plan at its time of expiry. Based on the annual plans each department is expected to report to the Plan Managers and the District Development Committee on the progress in implementing programmes and out-lining any constraints experienced. The exercise results with the completion of a written quarterly progress report. This arrangement is effective as it helps Council Administration to take timely and corrective action in case there are deviations on project implementation.
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Community based project monitoring is limited. However, villagers do have a say when projects in their villages are delayed. This is done through Village Development Committees, complaints to Councillors or Members of Parliament and during Kgotla meetings addressed by Minister.
17.1.3.1 The Mid Term Review Exercise:
District Development Committee has the responsibility of evaluating the District Development Plan (at the end of its period) so as to build in improvements for a better management of the succeeding plans. The District Officer Development and the Council Planning Officer remain the key officers in these functions.
Half way between the plan, the District through the DDC has got to pause and assess the developments achieved so far in implementing the DDP and see what is remaining in the last few years of the plan. This is what is termed the “Mid Term Review” of the plan.
The Mid Term Review of DDP forms an important integral part of the implementation of the plan. Its objectives are to:-
Guide and focus the remaining years of the plan. Serve as future ground work for the next plan Address major or controversial issues and suggest re-prioritisation alternatives for policies, strategies, programmes + projects where appropriate.
17.1.3.2 Constraints On Plan Management:
District planning has been carried out since 1977. However, it appears that the various departments have not been well involved and the process has not been passed on smoothly from predecessors to successors. Realisation is more on the side of the Central Government Departments, as planners have to spend more time on assisting and guiding the Heads of Departments.
It still remains fatal that the District Development Plan is the sole business of the planners. For this reason, combined with the key role of planners, plans appear to be regarded as of interest only to the planners. One sees this problem in that where plans are slow in being prepared, invariably the Ministry will look at the planners for answers. The whole exercise has to be standard and understood by all concerned throughout the country.
17.1.3.3 Environmental Monitoring Activities
Environmental Audits
DDP 6 has made provision for every project to have an environmental impact assessment or strategic environmental assessment. There is need to carry out environmental audits during Mid Term Review to evaluate the impacts of the environmental tools that were in place, i.e. EIA and SEA.
The audits will confirm whether compliance with EIA and SEA recommendations were followed also to take corrective measures.
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17.2 FINANCIAL AND PERSONNEL CONSTRAINTS:
Councils have less autonomous power because of their over dependence on grants from Central Government. Kgatleng District Council like other local authorities has very limited sources of revenue. For the past financial year 2001/2002, it has only been able to raise less than 5% of its recurrent budget. This is because of the poor revenue base. This has in turn resulted in poor performance because there has always been a large gap between estimated financial requirements and actual earnings. Unless the status quo changes, Kgatleng District Council is likely to face financial difficulties in implementing its projects.
Even though Central Government continues to subsidise Council budgets, there is still need to give more autonomy and enable Councils to find more revenue sources. The District share the sentiment that Councils are non profit making organisations, but some of the fees are so little that it is even discouraging for Councils to devise efficient and effective ways of collecting them. In this plan period, Council will try in its endeavour to review and revise its fees. This will only be to a certain extent as some of the fees like “clinic fees” are set at national levels or standards.
In order to achieve the intended objectives of the plan adequately trained and experienced personnel should be made available to implement, monitor and review the development plan. The need to have experienced and adequately trained personnel cannot be over-emphasised. Top level decision makers like Council Chief Executive Officer and District Commissioner should have experienced and trained officers to advise them adequately in important developmental issues.
The focus of training should be on management training because managers are the key people that influence a change of attitudes to their subordinates. The management of people at work is one of the primary keys to organisational success. Therefore, productivity and Performance Management System have been the recent issues of concern.
Performance Management System has resumed in the district. PMS awareness workshops for staff and Councillors have been conducted. After completion of this the district would then proceed with strategic planning. However, during the implementation of the plan we are likely to experience some drawbacks as managers and the general members of the public service still are not prepared to change their minds set towards improvement of productivity. Officers should acquaint themselves with the programme to enable the district to achieve objectives for the nation as reflected on Vision 2016.
While it may not be seen as a constraint as such, the private sector can still be accused of draining some of the best trained personnel from the government. This trend is likely to continue if the public sector does not keep a tight hold on its employees by giving them attractive pay packages and terminal benefits that almost match those of the private sector. However, the district hopes that the current developments of O & M, Local Government structure and job evaluations would help address the situation.
17.3 PROPOSED PLAN MONITORING ACTIVITIES DURING DDP6
Successful project implementation and monitoring depends solely on the availability of supportive resources like:-
Manpower Funding Availability of competent contractors Other logistical resources
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It does not matter how effective the plan managers might be, if the above resources are lacking successful project implementation will remain a myth. Inadequate capacity of councils to handle the many projects for the local and central government should be enhanced by looking into the possibility of providing funds for external sourcing of capacity from the private sector.
Public enterprises like Botswana Power Corporation and Botswana Telecommunications Corporation should be cautioned to provide services within a reasonable time. To this effect local officers should be established and/or empowered with the view of handling all service matters at the district level instead of Gaborone.
On the other hand, finally, an appropriate registration of contractors is needed. A number of contractors are registered for works above their capabilities. The Central Tender Board should vigorously peruse all credentials befitting the type of category applied for by each contractor. Also, either the contractors Organisation or the government should initiate training for number of contractors in the fields of project management, estimation, tendering and construction for a better and timely delivery of projects.
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APPENDIX 1: CENTRAL GOVERNMENT MATRICES
MINISTRY OF STATE PRESIDENT
Project Location2003/04
2004/05
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09 DDP 6 TEC (in Pula)
OP 401(21/401)
Semi Urban Police Mathubudukwane 40 000 000
Station and 60 staff houses
OP 401(21/401)
26 Police Houses Olifants Drift 7 150 000
OP 409(21/409)
Extension of VHF Radio Mochudi-M'thubukwane- 1 500 000
Trunking & Digital Microwave Olifants' Drift
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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
Project Location2003/04
2004/05
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09 DDP 6 TEC (in Pula)
ED 110(61/110)
College of Applied Arts Oodi 130 000 000
Technology
ED 800(061/800)
Upgrading of CJSSs District 12 546 563
MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND HOME AFFAIRS
Project Location2003/04
2004/05
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09 DDP 6 TEC (in Pula)
HA 104(41/104)
Integrated Office Block Mochudi 10 058 800
HA 502(41/502)
Extension of Library Mochudi 1 320 300
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MINISTRY OF HEALTH
Project Location2003/04
2004/05
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09 DDP 6 TEC (in Pula)
MD 301(111/301)
50-bed Primary Hospital Mabalane 52 000 000
Upgrading of IHS Mochudi 284 610 (Nationwide)
MINISTRY OF WORKS AND TRANSPORT
Project Location2003/04
2004/05
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09 DDP 6 TEC (in Pula)
WT 509(91/509)
Mmamashia-Mabalane 36 000 000
Road
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WT 508(91/508)
Airport Circle-Rasesa II 98 000 000
Project Location2003/04
2004/05
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09 DDP 6 TEC (in Pula)
Road
WT 401(91/401)
Weigh bridge, office and Machoboloko Lands 8 992 000
Staff Houses
WT 401(91/401)
Driver Testing Grounds Mochudi 15 000 000
WT 104(91/104)
Upgrading of DABS Depot Mochudi 780 000
MINISTRY OF LANDS HOUSING AND ENVIRONMENTLH 203 – DISTRICT HOUSING
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
District Housing 6 436 000 6 436 000 6 436 000 6 436 000 6 436 000 6 436 000 38 503 000
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APPENDIX 2: MINISTRY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
LG 102 LA / FLEET DEVELOPMENT TEC : P 2,708
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Cherry Picker 400 000 1 400 000 400 000
Breakdown Vehicle 700 000 1 700 00 700 000
Light duty vehicles 2 2 2 6 140 000 840 000
LG 104 LOCAL AUTHORITY INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE TEC: P 5,416
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Maintenance of
Public facilities in the 5,416 5,416
District
NB: The District has a maintenance Schedule to follow.
LG 301 STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION TEC : P 3,954
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Construction of
Mochudi
Warehouse 3,954 1 3,954 3,954
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LG 901 CUSTOMARY COURTS TEC : P 8, 254
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Construction ofOffices Type 3 Mochudi 1 2 000 000 2000 000
Extension of Offices Type 1 M/kwane Oodi Bokaa Artesia 4 800 000 3 200 000
25 seater combi Mochudi 1 250 000 250 000
Light duty vehicles Artesia M/kwane Matebele 3 140 000 420 000
Hi – fi Radios Leshibitse Dikwididi O/drift Dikgonnye Artesia Malotwana 6 80 000 480 000
7 ton truck Mochudi 1 200 000 200 000
Security fences Rasesa Bokaa Malotwana RamotlabakiRamonakaM/kwane Oodi 7 40 000 280 000
Improvement of cells Rasesa Bokaa MalotwanaRamotlabakiMalolwane
RamonakaM/kwane
OodiModipane 9 100 000 900 000
Purchase of photocopiers M/kwane Artesia Oodi Bokaa 4 12 000 48 000
Purchase of fax machines M/kwane Artesia Oodi Bokaa 4 8 000 32 000
Purchase of computers Mochudi 4 M/kwane Artesia Oodi Bokaa 8 12 000 96 000
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LG 1102 PRIMARY EDUCATION FACILITIES TEC : P 36,109
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Classrooms 15 8 2 18 4 23 70 250 000 17 500 000
T/quarters 51 41 19 32 20 27 190 170 000 32 300 000
Toilets 12 14 3 14 43 70 000 3 010 000
Admin block 3 3 2 2 2 4 16 200 000 3 200 000
Library 6 6 6 6 7 7 38 180 000 6 840 000
Resource centre 6 6 6 6 7 7 38 180 000 6 800 000
Science lab 6 6 6 6 7 7 38 180 000 6 800 000
Computer room 6 7 6 7 6 6 38 180 000 6 800 000
Tool shed 6 7 7 6 6 38 180 000 6 800 000
7 ton Truck 1 1 2 190 000 360 000
65 seater bus 1 1 2 270 000 540 000
25 seater bus 1 1 200 000 200 000
Special unit c/rooms 1 1 2 700 000 1 400 000
Relocation of Linchwe P School 1 1 2 500 000 2 500 000
New school 1 1 2 2 500 000 5 000 000
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LG 1103 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES TEC : P2, 853
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit cost Total E.Cost
Completion of
Multi purpose hall 72 000 975 000 753 000 1 1, 800 000 1, 800 000
in Mochudi
Public Park in 150 000 903 000 1 1, 053 000 1,053 000
Mochudi
LG 1104 PRIMARY HEALTH FACILITIES TEC : P10 327
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit cost Total E.Cost
Upgrading of Health Posts to Clinics and 8 Nurses houses and furniture Malolwane Modipane Rasesa Makgophana 1 000 000 4 4 000 000
Upgrading Clinic 1 1 1 700 000 700 000
Clinic extensions Clinic II Makakatlela Boseja Oodi M/ kwane Phaphane 6 500 000 3 000 0000
Incinerator 1 1 600 000 600 000
Construction of newClinic at Boseja North5 nurses housefurnitureequipment
2 000 000 1 2 000 000 2 000 000
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Ambulance
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit cost Total E.Cost
Patients toilets at clinics Modipane Pilane Rasesa Morwa DikgonnyeKhurutshe K/tshaba 7 90 000 720 000
25 Seater Combi for disabled 1 1 300 000 300 000
CHBC vehicles 1 1 2 140 000 280 000
LG 1105 RURAL ADMINISTRATION CENTRE TEC : P 50, 272
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Integrated office block Mochudi 1 39 200 000 39 200 000
Service centres Bokaa Artesia O/drift M/kwane Oodi Sikwane 6 1 800 000 10 800 000
LG 1106 REMOTE AREA DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME TEC :P 4, 279
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Super structureFor RADs beneficiaries 10 15 10 20 55 2 500 137 500
Acquisition and fencing offarms for RADs K/tshaba K/tshaba 2 15 000 30 000
Extension of cooperative shop K/tshaba 1 1 000 000 1 000 000
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To include building material
Purchasing of livestock 50 50 50 50 50 50 300 400 120 000
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Photovoltaic installation inRADs projects K/tshaba 1 400 000 400 000
Carpentry workshopAnd equipment and materials K/tshaba 1 350 000 350 000
Leather workshop and equipment K/tshaba 1 350 000 350 000
Recreational Centre K/tshaba 1 1 500 000 1 500 000
Drilling of boreholes and equipping Within the RADs farms K/tshaba K/tshaba 2 1 000 000 2 000 000
Training K/tshaba K/tshaba 2 5 000 10 000
LG 1107 LABOUR INTENSIVE PUBLIC WORKS TEC :P 6,811
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Paving of Masicina Road 798 1 798 798
Paving of Phalane Road 1 062 1 1 062 1 062
Paving of the mall development 1 354 1 1 354 1 354
Paving of Rasai 798 1 798 798
Paving of Bokalaka - Showground 1 444 1 1 444 1 444
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Paving of Council Building Grounds 1 354 1 1 354 1 354
LG 1108 NATIONAL RURAL SANITATION PROGRAMME TEC :23,994
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Public toilets Pilane Mochudi 2x4 blocks 140 000 280 000
Landfill Dikwididi 1 15 000 000 15 000 000
50 refuse skips 10 10 10 10 10 10 50 20 000 1000 000
Tractors Mochudi Mochudi 2 150 000 300 000
Refuse compactor trucks 1 1 1 3 500 000 1 500 000
Vacuum tankers 1 1 2 350 000 700 000
Light duty vehicle 1 1 1 3 170 000 510 000
Tyre shredder 1 1 150 000 150 000
Skip carrier (truck) 1 1 350 000 350 000
Weigh bridge Pilane 1 300 000 300 000
Clinical waste vehicle 200 000 1 200 000 200 000
Tipper trucks 1 1 2 300 000 600 000
Dry compost 40 40 40 40 10 10 200 3 000 600 000
VIP latrines 70 70 70 70 70 50 400 1 500 600 000
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LG 1109 COMMUNITY PROJECTS TEC :P 5,726
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
LA2 House
PilaneRasesaO/driftRamotlabakiMalotwanaBophirimaMabodisaMakgophanaOodi
O/driftRamotlabakiMalotwanaMoshawanaBokoneBoseja N & SDikwididiM/kwaneMatebele
Pilanem/kwanemabalanemalolwaneBophirimaMosanta NMakgophana
Boseja N&SBokoneBogareMosanta NMoshawanaRamotlabakiMabalaneSikwaneM/kwaneMorwaPilaneArtesia
RasesaMorwaM/kwaneSikwaneO/driftRamotlabakiBophirimaMosanta NBogareBokoneBoseja
BosejaBogareDikwididiMabodisaMalotwanaMosanta SMatebeleOodi
59 40 000 2 360 000
Kgotla shelter MorwaPilane Boseja N+S 4 40 000 160 000
Kgotla Kraal MorwaPilaneBokaa
K/tshabaRasesa Artesia 6 40 000 240 000
Community hallBokaaK/tshaba Boseja Makgophana 4 200 000 800 000
Electrification of VDC Houses BokaaMalolwaneModipane Ramotlabaki O/drift 5 40 000 200 000
Reading Room Malotwana Ramonaka
MabodisaRamotlabakiK/tshaba Pilane Dikgonnye 7 40 000 280 000
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Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
High cost house Moshawana
LA1 house Bokone Bokone 2 40 000 80 000
Stampers Shelter Boseja Oodi K/tshaba 3 40 000 120 000
Brick Moulding Makgophana 1 40 000 40 000
Vegetable / Citrus garden Boseja N+S 2 40 000 80 000
Vehicle for communitydevelopment Artesia 1 170 000 170 000
Public toilets atcemetery
DikgonnyeMabalane Sikwane 3 40 000 120 000
Standpipe at Graveyard Dikgonnye 1 40 000 40 000
Guest house Sikwane Malolwane Mabalane 3 150 000 450 000
Fencing of cemeteryMabalaneMosanta S Sikwane 3 40 000 120 000
Electrify community hall Malolwane 1 40 000 40 000
LA3 houses Bophirima Ramonaka Bophirima Oodi 4 40 000 160 000
Office / storeroom Mosanta N 1 40 000 40 000
Recreational equipment Artesia 1 40 000 40 000
Market stalls Morwa Mabodisa Rasesa Moshawana 4 40 000 160 000
VDC house Malotwana 1 40 000 40 000
Destitute house Leshibitse
RasesaK/tshabaOodiMalotwana 5 40 000 200 000
WC toilets at reading roomOodiO/drift Moshawana 3 40 000 120 000
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Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Security fence for reading room O/drift 1 40 000 40 000
Leisure park Bokone 1 1 500 000 1 500 000
Chairs for community hall Pilane Morwa 600 40 24 000
Extension of community hall Morwa Artesia 2 100 000 200 000
Flee market Bokaa 1 40 000 40 000
Bus shelter Malotwana 1 40 000 40 000
Community football andNetball ground Malotwana 1 1 500 000 1 500 000
Day care centre VDC Morwa
MalotwanaK/tshabaMakgophana
PilaneSikwaneMabodisa 7 40 000 280 000
Bus stop and shelter Morwa 1 40 000 40 000
Extend VDC office Oodi 1 40 000 40 000
Orphan feeding centre Artesia 1 1 500 000 1 500 000
Orphanage centre Boseja S K/tshaba M/kwane O/drift MalolwaneBoseja NOodi 7 150 000 1050 000
Postal agency Mabalane 1 40 000 40 000
VDC house Mabalane 1 40 000 40 000
Block grant 6 7 8 7 6 6 40 4 000 160 000
Training 2 2 2 2 2 2 12 20 000 240 000
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LG 1110 DISTRICT COUNCIL WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE TEC: 23,752
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Construction ofStandpipes
ArtesiaBokaaDikwididiKtshabaKhurutsheLeshibitseMalotwanaO/driftOodiRasesaSikwane
MabalaneMalolwaneMatebelengM/kwaneModipaneRamotlabaki
ArtesiaDikgonnyeDikwididiK/tshabaRasesaLeshibitseMalotwanaO/driftRamonakaKhurutshe
ArtesiaBokaaMabalaneModipaneRamotlabakiRasesa
ArtesiaDikwididiMalolwaneMalotwanaO/driftSikwane
39 12 000 468 000
Backup boreholes ArtesiaDikgonnyeDikwididiK/tshabaLeshibitseO/driftRamotlabaki
Artesia
Artesia
9 600 000 5 400 000
System rehabilitationArtesiaMalolwane
DikwididiMalotwana Matebeleng Modipane
O/driftRamotlabaki 8 500 000 4 000 000
Prepaid meteringsystem
MalolwaneRamonaka
11
259 584104 832
Phase II Sanitationproject Mochudi 1 90 000 000 90 000 000
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Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Connect Phaphane staff houses Mochudi 1 200 000 200 000
Connect Rampedi staffhouses Mochudi 1 100 000 100 000
Upgrade Molefhi sewer line from 150mm to 160mm Mochudi 1 1 800 000 1 800 000
Upgrade Hospital sewer line From 150mm to 160mm Mochudi 1 2 000 000 2 000 000
Connect Phaphane primaryTo main sewer line Mochudi 1 86 000 86 000
Purchase vector jet (sewerCleaning equipment) Mochudi 1 40 000 40 000
River villages quality programme 1 25 000 000 25 000 000
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LG 1111 VILLAGE INFRASTRUCTURE TEC :P 85, 501
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Tarring Radikolo – new clinic- Mmapole Road 7 800 000 6km 1 300 000 7 800 000
Tarring Mosanta – Maferesi –Dinkgwana Road 5 200 000 4km 1 300 000 5 200 000
Storm water drainage in Mochudi 3 000 000 1 3 000 000 3 000 000
Mochudi CBD 20 000 000 1 20 000 000 20 000 000
Tarring Makakatlela clinic – Madipamo – Ithuteng – DichibiduRoad 4 600 000 4km 1 150 000 4 600 000
Mochudi streets lights 3 000 000 20km 150 000 3 000 000
Servicing Pilane industrial site 12 000 000 1 12 000 000 12 000 000
Tarring Mochudi – Ntlhopheng Road 6 500 000 5km 1 300 000 6 500 000
Tarring Jabula – Letlhabile Road 2 600 000 2km 1 300 000 2 600 000
Pilane Street lighting 900 000 6km 150 000 900 000
Rasesa street lighting 600 000 4km 150 000 600 000
Tarring Mokgweng Road 2 600 000 2km 1 300 000 2 600 000
Small abattoir 1 800 000 1 1 800 000 1 800 000
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LG 1112 MUNICIPAL SERVICES TEC :P 9,027
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Chairpersonshouse 1 000 000 1 1 000 000 1 000 000
Bus rank Mochudi 1 527 000 1 1 527 000 1 527 000
Fire station and Fire equipment 6 500 000 1 6 500 000 6 500 000
LG 1115 DISTRICT ROADS TEC :P 38,217
Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Construction of Lokgalo bridge 6 000 000 1 6 000 000 6 000 000
Bulldozer 1 200 000 1 1 200 000 1 200 000
Grader 1 100 000 1 1 100 000 1 100 000
Oodi – Matebele tarRoad 5 200 000 4km 1 300 000 5 200 000
Oodi – Matebele bridge 6 500 000 1 6 500 000 6 500 000
Front end loader 950 000 1 950 000 950 000
Low Bed 1 000 000 1 1 000 000 1 000 000
Leshibitse – A1 Road tar 5 200 000 4km 1 300 000 5 200 000
Bridge across MorwaBoseja Notwane River 4 500 000 1 4 500 000 4 500 000
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Project 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Quantity Unit Cost Total E.Cost
Gravel Radikolo – Mokatse Road 1 540 000 28km 55 000 1 540 000
Gravel K/tshaba – DikgonnyeRoad 2 035 000 37km 55 000 2 035 000
Gravel Ratlhokwa – Leshibitse
187