Achmad Fauzi Masud and Yana JuhanaHead of Forest Planning Office, Bangka-Belitung Province, Indonesia

FORESTLAND-USE, COMMUNITY FOREST AND REDD+ PROGRAM

IN INDONESIA CONTEXT

OUTLINEA Brief of Indonesia’s Forest and Forestry Indonesia’s Forest landuseCommunity ForestDeforestation and Degradation ForestREDD+ ProgramClosing

INDONESIA

ITS STRETCHES FROM LONDON TO TEHERAN

INDONESIA IN BRIEF

1. Country land area : app. 189 m.a, population : app. 230 millions

2. 7 major islands (from total of > 16 thousands islands), > 300 tribes,

3. 33 provinces, > 300 districts, autonomous gov. system

4. ±60 % of the country area are forest land/state forest (± 37 % of them are degraded at various levels)

5. Forest transition from the east (Papua : low ) to the west (Sumatera : high, Java : forest cover increases)

6. About 40 million poor within and around forest7. The Law No. 41/1999 on Forestry and Law No. 5/1990 on Biodiversity Conservation

are the main references for managing forest.

VISION AND MISION OF INDONESIAN FORESTRY

Forest administration shall be oriented FOR PEOPLE'S MAXIMUM WELFARE BASED ON EQUITY AND SUSTAINABILITY principles, through: a. Ensuring That Forests Are Sufficient In Area And Evenly Distributed; b. Optimizing The Variety Of Forest Functions Which Cover Conservation,

Protection And Production Functions In Order To Gain Balance And Sustainable Benefits Of Environment, Social, Culture And Economy;

c. Improving The Carrying Capacity Of Watershed; d. Improving The Capacity To Develop Community Potentials And

Empowerment Through Participatory, Equal And Environmental-friendly Ways So As To Establish An Endurance Against The External Change; And

e. Securing Equal And Sustainable Distribution Of Benefits.

VISION AND MISION OF INDONESIAN FORESTRY

Forest administration shall be oriented FOR PEOPLE'S MAXIMUM WELFARE BASED ON EQUITY AND SUSTAINABILITY principles, through: a. Ensuring That Forests Are Sufficient In Area And Evenly Distributed; b. Optimizing The Variety Of Forest Functions Which Cover Conservation,

Protection And Production Functions In Order To Gain Balance And Sustainable Benefits Of Environment, Social, Culture And Economy;

c. Improving The Carrying Capacity Of Watershed; d. Improving The Capacity To Develop Community Potentials And

Empowerment Through Participatory, Equal And Environmental-friendly Ways So As To Establish An Endurance Against The External Change; And

e. Securing Equal And Sustainable Distribution Of Benefits.

Basic principles of Indonesian Forestland Management

1. All forests within the territory of the Republic of Indonesia including all the richness contained therein are under the state's control for people's maximum welfare.

2. The state are gives the authority to the government for control the forest , by : • regulate and organise all aspects related to forest, forest area and forest

products; • assign the status of certain area as a forest area or a non-forest area; and • regulate and determine legal relations between man and forest, and regulate

legal actions concerning forestry3. Forest control by the state shall respect customary laws, as long as

it exists and its existence is recognised and not contradictingnational interests.

Basic principles of Indonesian Forestland Management

3. Indonesian forest status :o STATE FOREST means a forest located on lands bearing no ownership

rights. o RIGHT FOREST means a forest located on lands bearing ownership

rights. 4. Nationally the Forest categorized into three functions, i.e.: conservation

function, protection forest, and production forest 5. The extent of forest area to be retained is at minimum 30% (thirty percent)

of the total area of watershed and or island which should be evenly (or proportionally) distributed.

6. Use of forest area for non-forestry purposes can only be made in production and protection forest areas, without changing the main function of forest area.

Forestland UseProtection Forest (HL)

(16,6 %)

Conservation (HK)

(12,4 %)

Production Forest (HP)

(31,2 %)

Convertible Production

Forest (HPK)(12 %)

Other Uses Land (APL)

(27,8 %)

MajorUse

Soil and Water System, Watershed and soil conservation

Nature and Biodiversity

Timber and NTFP

Reserve for Non Forest Development

Non Forest development

INDONESIAN FORESTLAND USE

Total Indonesian land 189 million ha

Forestlanduse Evolution

1980 - 1992 1992 - 1999 1999 - 2005< 1980

Act No.41/1999

Act No.24/1992

Forest RegisterUsulan

Act No.5/1990

Act No. 32/2004 Act No. 26/2007

2004 - 2007

Z. KOLONIALBELANDA

-----

??

Forest Landuse Plan Agreement

Harmonized Forest Landuse Plan with

Other spatial Landuse Plan Process

Harmonized Forest Landuse Plan with

Other spatial Landuse Plan

Act No.5/1967

Integrated Forest Landuse Plan and

Other spatial Landuse Plan

LANDUSE/FOREST LANDUSE PLANNING

PROCESS TO STRENGTHENING OF FORESLAND-USE MANAGEMENT IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

STRENGTHENED FOREST

LANDUSE

FOREST AREA GAZETTMENT

SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT AND FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT

FOREST RESOURCES INVENTORY

PEOPLE AND FOREST

People and Forest• About 48 mill live in & surrounding the forests, Includes Customary

Communities, and Aprox. 6 mill. directly depend on the forests

• Forest land use schemes (tenures) related with community : – Customary Forests, as long as exist and implementing It’s customary principle– CBFM, particularly in protected area– People Forest Plantation (HTR), in state forest area(forest production) are for

individual and collective– Village Forests, in state (protected and production forest) and village land area– Community Forestry (HKm), in state forest area (protected area and

conservation area) are for individual and collective– Community Plantation Forests, most of in private forestland– Community are have access to utilization timber, non timber forest product

and environmental services

THE ESTABLISHMENT MODEL OF PRIVATE FOREST WITH FAST GROWING SPECIES (PARASERIANTHES FALCATARIA)

Three years later (2006) after planted byfast growing species

Land condition before the establishment of Private Forest (2003)

NATIONAL MOVEMENT FOR LAND REHABILITATION (GERHAN) AT KARANGDUWET VILLAGE, CENTRAL JAVA (MAIN SPECIES: TEAK –TECTONA GRANDIS)

Planting started: 2003

Three years later: 2006

Five years later: 2008

SILVICULTURE INTENSIVE (SILIN)

National Movement for Land Rehabilitation (2007)

Two years later (2009)

Fig. 1, Starts Planting, 2005

Fig. 2, few months later

Fig. 4, four years later (2009)

Fig. 3, three years later (2008)

A Sea-shore Rehabilitation Model(Species: Casuarina equisetifolia)

PEAT LAND MANAGEMENT

DEFORESTATION AND DEGRADATION FOREST

Tahun 2000

Tahun 2003

Tahun 2006

Tahun 2009

1.87

3.51

1.08 1.171.37

2.83

0.78 0.760.50

0.68

0.300.41

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

Deforestation 1990-1996 1997-2000 2001-2003 2004-2006 2005 -2007FAO

Total 1.87 3.51 1.08 1.17 0,5Forest State 1.37 2.83 0.78 0.76 -Non Forest state 0.50 0.68 0.30 0.41 -

1990-1996 1997-2000 2001-2003 2004-2006

Mill

ion/

ha/y

ear

Causes of Deforestation:

Mostly due to the changes in the spatial planning, illegal logging, land encroachment,forest fire, not adequate law enforcement,poverty, and unbalancing of the (mostly) wood supply and demands

DRIVERS OF DEFORESTATIONA. Direct Intended :

Forest Converted into non-forest Uses (for example: the establishment of Palm Oil, Tea and Cacao Estates)

B. Direct Un-intended: illegal logging, illegal occupation, encroachment, natural hazard and fire.

C. Indirect intended : Spatial Planning Policy, Transmigration Activities, Extended New District (Kabupaten)

D. Indirect un-intended: Forest Fire, Land Clearing (Slash and Burn), mal-practice government, corruption, market failure of timber stock and poverty

RED, REDD and REDD+ PROGRAM IN FORESTRY

OF INDONESIA

Emissions Reduction Target

President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono announced an emissions reduction targets of 26 % by 2020, and it could reach up to 41 % with international support at the UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, Norway,

17 November 2009.

FOREST is expected to contribute more than 50% of those carbon emission reduction.

MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTION FOREST IN INDONESIALess Deforestation ( + )

More Deforestation ( - )

GoodForest Cover

( + )

NoForest Cover

( - )

Forest ConcessionSustainable Forest Mgmt

Intensive SilvicultureMgmt of Logged-Over Forest

Industrial Forest PlantationEnrichment Planting

Ecological Restoration

“OPEN ACCESS”

Community Forest PlantationIndustrial Forest PlantationConversion to Other Uses

- - - - - -> : Ultimate Goal of Forest Management

Concept of RED, REDD and REDD Plus in Forestry Sector, Indonesia

Good Forest Cover ( + )

No Forest Cover ( - )

GoodManagement

( + )

NoManagement

( - )

Sustainable ForestManagement

Conservation

REDDEnhancing Carbon

More ConservationREDDRED

Plus: 1. Enhancing Carbon2. SFM3. Conservation

Emission and Sink Scenarios (GT CO2e)

1.241

0.707

0.893

1309

-

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

2020

Gig

a To

n CO

2e

Emis

ion

Net emitter

Net sinker

0.71

0.89

1.31

Note: Deforestation Rates constant at 1,125 mill. ha per year

BAU

Plan

ting

500.

000

ha

Wel

l Pla

ned

all f

ores

tm

anag

emen

t sch

emes

Planting Plan Target of 2010 – 2020

Year Community and Village Forests

Watershed Rehabilitation

Plantation Forests

LoA/ Ecosystem Restoration

Supported Community

ForestTotal

2010 500 300 450 300 50 1,600

2011 500 300 550 350 50 1,750

2012 500 300 500 450 50 1,800

2013 500 350 600 650 50 2,150

2014 500 350 550 750 50 2,200

2015 500 300 450 300 50 1,600

2016 500 300 550 350 50 1,750

2017 500 300 500 450 50 1,800

2018 500 350 600 650 50 2,150

2019 500 350 550 750 50 2,200

2020 500 350 500 750 50 2,150

Total 5,500 3,550 5,800 5,750 550 21,150

Units: thousand hectare

REDD-plus in Indonesia: Context As of in Bali Action Plan refers to:

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, Role of conservation, Sustainable management of forest, and Enhancement of forest carbon stocks

All Indonesian forestry activities, basically could be covered under the REDD-pluscategory.

Maintaining and enhancing forest carbon stocks. Role of Conservation, through protected area and ecosystem management effectiveness

as well as biodiversity conservation. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation, through avoiding/reducing forest conversion to

other uses, forest encroachment which leads to permanent land use changes. Reducing Emissions from forest degradation, through Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) and

other SFM practices, curbing illegal logging, forest encroachment, and fire management. REDD-plus in Indonesia is an internalization of global agenda and externalization of local

and national issues

Closing• Strengthening of Forestland use planning and community forest are basically have

a crucial aspect in national forest management and reduce emission ;• As part of national target to reduce emissions ~ 26 % by 2020, mitigation action

plan in forestry is already in the mainstream of forestry sector developmentplanning;

• Domestic funding will not sufficient to achieve the target set for forestry sector;• REDD + scheme is expected to provide financial resources to cover the costs of

actions and incentives;• REDD + calls for both international and national/sub national to have concerted

effort in reducing carbon emission and hence reducing or slowing the increase ofglobal temperature;

• Need for new financing mechanism and financing regulation to ensure that climatechange fund is used for carbon enhancement forestry related activities;

• Need to strengthen members country climate change programme through lessonlearned from other member states.

photos courtesy : ministry of forestry of indonesia

LET’S SAVE OUR FOREST

THANK YOU

TERIMA KASIH