forest ecosystem services
DESCRIPTION
Forest Ecosystem Services. Dr Tim Payn Presentation to RSNZ Workshop 9 th August 2011. Contributors. Richard Yao Luke Barry Peter Clinton Kit Richards James Turner Dave Palmer Barbara Höck Andrew McEwen. Building on the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Forest Ecosystem Services
Dr Tim Payn
Presentation to RSNZ Workshop
9th August 2011
Contributors
• Richard Yao• Luke Barry• Peter Clinton• Kit Richards• James Turner• Dave Palmer• Barbara Höck• Andrew McEwen
21/04/233
Air, land, water, and all living organisms
ECOSYSTEMS
Places (e.g: Broad Habitats) where biological, chemical and physical interactions occur.
In terrestrial habitats these include above and below ground processes
ECOSYSTEM APPROACH
“the integrated management of land, water and
living resources that promotes conservation
and sustainable use in an equitable way”
Convention on Biological Diversity
Building on the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment
ECOSYSTEM SERVICESThe benefits people get from ecosystems
Supporting servicesNecessary for the delivery of other ecosystem
services
Soil formation, Nutrient cycling, Water cycling, Primary production
Provisioning servicesCrops, Livestock, Game, Fisheries,
Water supply, Wild species diversity
(genetic resources)
Regulating services
Climate, Hazards, Detoxification &
Purification, Disease/pest
control Pollination
Cultural services
Aesthetic, Spiritual, Inspirational, Educational, Recreation,
Tourism Wild species diversity
Slide from Steve Albon, The James Hutton Institute
International Forest related ES activities
New Zealand’s Current Forest Products
Land
People
Values
Plants
Energy
Sunshine
Soil
Water
INPUTS FOREST OUTPUTS
Timber
Pulp and
Paper
$4-5bn/yr
Potential Forest Products and Services
Land
People
Values
Plants
Energy
Sunshine
Soil
Water
INPUTS FOREST OUTPUTS
ProvisioningTimberPulp and PaperEnergyFood Water supplyBiodiversity
2-5 x the value
Newproducts,markets,income
$4-5bn/yr
RegulatingGHG mitigationWater qualityErosion controlFlood mitigationPollution control
CulturalAestheticsWellbeingRecreation
Ecosystem Services provided by planted forests
Recreation$15m/yr – Whakarewarewa forest
Erosion cost$159m/yr
GHG Mitigation9.2 m NZUs in 2010
Energy6% of New Zealand’s liquid fuel use18.3PJ/yr
Biodiversity enhancement$26.2m/yr
Clean water and flood prevention6 % of waterways in planted forests$157m – 2004 North Island flood damage
Potential for additional Ecosystem Services New Functional
Forests - up to 2.5m hectares
Recreation?? Depends on location
ErosionDecrease by up to 25% in some regions
Water quality and Flood mitigation- Depends on design
Biodiversity???
Energy> 100% of NZ transport fuels
GHG mitigation
Carbon price impacts on land use
Adams, T., Turner, J., 2011. An investigation into the effects of an emissions trading scheme on forest management and land use in New Zealand. Forest Policy and Economics (in press)
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0 10 20 30 40 50
Gisborne
Nelson
Hawke's Bay
Northland
Marlborough
Wellington
Bay of Plenty
Canterbury
Otago
Manawatu-Wanganui
Tasman
Taranaki
Waikato
Auckland
Southland
West Coast
Percent farmland vulnerable to extreme rainfall events
Farmland following afforestation of 1.2m ha marginal land
Current farmland
New forests and erosion
Value of Recreation in Whakarewarewa Forest
$15.4 million per yearWalkers - $5.2 million per yearMountain bikers - $10.2 million per year
Additional value ~ 5 times timber value
‘Wants’
From Pannell 2008
Farmer
Planner
Rural Community
Forester
Investor
Runanga Chair
Knowledge and Tools
Planted Forests provide significant Ecosystem Services
Potential to provide much more
Developing PES not easy
The ‘WIFM?’ Principle
Success factors:Common goals, Forums,
Knowledge and Tools, Govt support
People are involved!
Summary