Forces

Science

5th grade

Table of Contents

1. Word Bank pg. #

2. What I Know pg. #

Word Bank

1. Force – a push or a pull that makes an object move, slow down, stop or change direction

2. Friction – a force that stops a moving object when two objects are rubbed together; can cause heat

3. Magnetism – a force that has an attraction to magnets or magnetic objects

4. Gravitation – a force that pulls all objects toward the center of the Earth.

5. Balanced Forces- When 2 objects have enough force to balance each other; opposite directions; no movement

6. Unbalanced forces – 2 forces that are in opposite directions; one force is greater than the other and the object moves in that direction.

7. Position- an object’s place or location

8. Speed- a certain distance traveled in a specific amount of time

Example: 79 miles / hour (mph)16 meters / second (m/s)

9. Energy – a change in matter

10. Kinetic nrg – nrg of motion; moving nrg

11. Potential nrg – nrg that is stored

12. Law of conservation of nrg – nrg cannot be created or destroyed; always the same amount of nrg present.

13. Thermal nrg – when molecules of matter move; type of kinetic nrg

14. Electric nrg – movement of electrons; type of kinetic nrg

15. Light energy – nrg that moves in waves; type of kinetic nrg

16. Sound nrg – nrg that moves through vibrations; type of kinetic energy

17. Transformation of nrg – when nrg is changed from one form to another

What I Know

1. Force is a push or a pull.

2. Magnets –opposite poles attract (pull together)alike poles repel (push away/ apart)

3. 3 kinds of everyday forces are –1. Gravity2. Magnetism3. Friction

4. Gravity tries to pull all objects to the center of the Earth.

5. Balanced forces have 2 forces pushing or pulling in opposite directions = no movement (balance each other)

6. Unbalanced forces have 2 forces pushing or pulling in opposite directions = movement in the direction of the stronger force.

7. All objects fall at the same speed unless there is air resistance present.

(Example: sheet of paper falling vs. a student dictionary dropping.).

8. Formula for Speed:

Distance / Time = Average Speed

9. Motion is a change in position.

10. A person’s Frame of Reference is how they observe a particular object’s motion.

(This is the person’s point of view)

11. Kinetic nrg has many forms - 1. mechanical nrg2. thermal nrg3. light nrg4. electric nrg5. sound nrg

12. Potential nrg has many forms –

1. elastic potential nrg

Ex: rubber bands, silly bands, slinky, bed springs

2. gravitational potential nrg

Ex: water behind a dam, pencil dropping, ball bouncing