Force, Motion and EnergyForce, Motion and Energy

How do things move?How do things move? AboveAbove BelowBelow AheadAhead BehindBehind UpUp DownDown HorizontallyHorizontally VerticallyVertically Right Right LeftLeft

How do we know something has How do we know something has moved?moved?

By looking at the things By looking at the things that are not moving that are not moving around it. around it.

FRAME OF FRAME OF REFERENCE REFERENCE

SpeedSpeed What is speed? What is speed? How fast an object is How fast an object is

moving.moving. Measure of distance.Measure of distance.

SpeedSpeed How do I calculate How do I calculate

speed? speed?

DISTANCE / TIMEDISTANCE / TIME

Ex:10ft/ 3 seconds=3.1 ft/secEx:10ft/ 3 seconds=3.1 ft/sec

ForceForce

WHAT IS FORCEWHAT IS FORCE ??Any Any pushpush or or pullpull that that

causes an object to causes an object to move, move, stopstop or change or change speedspeed or or directiondirection. .

ForceForce The greater the force, The greater the force,

the greater the the greater the change in motion. change in motion.

The bigger an object The bigger an object is, the less effect a is, the less effect a force will have on it.force will have on it.

The smaller an object The smaller an object is, the more effect a is, the more effect a force will have on it.force will have on it.

InertiaInertia

InertiaInertia keeps an keeps an object still or keeps it object still or keeps it moving. moving.

A moving object will A moving object will keep moving until keep moving until something stops itsomething stops it..

An object that is not An object that is not moving will not move moving will not move until until something something moves itmoves it. .

FrictionFriction

WHAT IS FRICTION?WHAT IS FRICTION? The force that works The force that works

against motion.against motion. Friction causes heat. Friction causes heat.

WorkWork WHAT IS WORK?WHAT IS WORK? Work is done when a Work is done when a

force is used to force is used to MOVEMOVE an object a an object a certain distance.certain distance.

EnergyEnergy WHAT IS ENERGY?WHAT IS ENERGY?

Energy is the ability to do work.Energy is the ability to do work.

EnergyEnergy Two types of energy:Two types of energy: Kinetic Kinetic PotentialPotential

EnergyEnergy

Kinetic-moving Kinetic-moving energy (energy of energy (energy of motion)motion)

EnergyEnergy Potential- stored Potential- stored

energy (energy energy (energy waiting to be used)waiting to be used)

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Chemical EnergyChemical Energy Ex: Ex: storedstored energy in energy in

food and fuel.food and fuel.

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy Ex: batteries, electric Ex: batteries, electric

in homesin homes

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Light energyLight energy Ex: sun and lasersEx: sun and lasers

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Mechanical EnergyMechanical Energy Ex: wind, water Ex: wind, water

falling over a water falling over a water fall, soundfall, sound

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Thermal EnergyThermal Energy Ex: stove, heaters, Ex: stove, heaters,

matchesmatches

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Nuclear EnergyNuclear Energy Ex: SunEx: Sun

Forms of EnergyForms of Energy CAN ENERGY CAN ENERGY

CHANGE FORM? CHANGE FORM? YES! YES!

Ex: The fuel in a Ex: The fuel in a rocket changes from rocket changes from chemical energy to chemical energy to mechanical energy mechanical energy when the fuel burns when the fuel burns

Simple MachinesSimple Machines LeversLevers PulleyPulley Wheel and AxelWheel and Axel Inclined PlaneInclined Plane Wedge and ScrewWedge and Screw GearsGears

Simple MachinesSimple Machines LeversLevers

Two parts:Two parts: FulcrumFulcrum BarBar

Simple MachinesSimple Machines PulleyPulley Two kinds: Two kinds:

FixedFixedMoveableMoveable

Simple MachinesSimple Machines Wheel and AxelWheel and Axel Two parts:Two parts: wheel wheel barbar

Simple MachinesSimple Machines Inclined PlaneInclined PlaneA flat, slanted surfaceA flat, slanted surface

Simple MachinesSimple Machines Wedges and ScrewsWedges and Screws change change downward downward

force into force into sidewayssideways forceforce

Simple MachinesSimple Machines GearsGears

Wheels with teethWheels with teeth

Compound MachinesCompound Machines

WHAT IS A WHAT IS A COMPOUND COMPOUND MACHINE?MACHINE?

A machine made up of A machine made up of two or more simple two or more simple machines.machines.