Force and Motion

Created by: Shawna Adkins, Brandii Langham, Donna Sullivan, Marc Coombs, and Ryan Smith

How do we know about Motion?

• From the careful studies and observations of scientists.

• From direct observations of the world around us.

Famous Scientist whohelped to explain Force and

Motion

Galileo Galilei

• Gave us a better understanding of motion

• Objects of different masses fall at the same speed

• Gave us the Law of Inertia

Sir Isaac Newton

• Studied motion and gravity

• Things only move when something causes them to move.

• Gave us the Law of Motion.

What is motion?Motion is the way an object

moves.

What are some examples of motion?

• Up

• Down

• Forward

• Backward

• Sideways

• Zigzag

• In a circle

Things in motion

Move your body!

• Up

• Down

• Forward

• Backward

• Sideways

• Zigzag

• In a circle

Force and Motion

• An object that has mass is acted upon by another object that has mass.

• This causes the object to start moving.

Direction of Motion

Applied Force

Opposing Force, Friction

What is mass?• Mass is a

measurement of matter.

• Matter is the amount of stuff an object is made up of.

• Mass resists changes in motion.

InertiaResistance to Motion

• An object with mass has inertia.

• The greater the mass, the greater the inertia.

• Once an object is moving it will stay moving because it has inertia.

This Rock has inertia.

• This rock will stay in place, unless it is pushed (a force is applied).

• Once it is pushed, it will roll downhill because gravity is pulling it toward the ground.

What is Force?A force is an external push or pull

action applied to an object to cause it to be in motion, to change

motion, or to stop motion.

Force is a push or pull to cause an object to:

• Start moving

• Stop moving

• Move faster

• Move slower

How we use force

Types of Force

• Gravity is a force between two objects with mass.

• Gravity keeps us from floating into space.

• Gravity forces objects/people to fall.

Types of Force

• Friction is a shearing/sliding of things being rubbed together

• Friction is the opposite force of the motion

Force ofMotion

Friction

Types of Force

• Magnetic Force is a force between two objects that have magnetic properties.

• Electric Force is the force between two charged objects. _

+

Other types of force

• Deforming action

• Bending

• Pulling action

• Tension/stretching

Other types of force

• Turning action

• Torsion/twisting

• Pushing action

• Compression/ squeezing

How does mass relate to force?

Force ofGravity

massWeight

X acceleration due to the force of gravity =

Weight =ofball

Weight is a force that is equal to the Force of Gravity

How does mass relate to force?

The more mass an object has, the greater the force needed to move the object.

Gravity

LiftingOpposesGravity

Gravity

More Force

Adding Mass

What Happens?

• Why is it easier to lift the trash can with partners?

• More force is acting on the basket

• Why is it harder to lift the trash can when more mass is added?

• Greater mass needs greater force

• Less mass needs less force

Summary

• Motion is the way an object moves.

• Mass is a measurement of matter.

• An object with mass has inertia.

• Force is an external push or pull action that is applied to an object to cause a change in motion.

The Law of Inertia

• An object at rest, will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force.

• An object in motion will stay in motion, unless acted on by an outside force.

Law of Motion

• Forces cause acceleration.

• Acceleration is a change in motion.

• Acceleration is also related to the mass of the object.