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AllAboutTrees A r b o r i c u l t u r a l & E c o l o g i c a l C o n s u l t a n c y C h a r t e r e d A r b o r i c u l t u r a l i s t s & E n v i r o n m e n t a l i s t s

A r b o r i c u l t u r a l T r e e C o n s t r a i n t s A s s e s s m e n t

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Table of Contents

Page 1. Introduction 1 2. Protected Status of Trees 1 3. Site Visit & Description 2 4. Appraisal 3 5. Tree Protection Measures 18 6. Conclusion 22

Appendices

1. Tree Survey 2. Glossary of Terms 3. Site Plan

• Arboricultural Tree Constraint Plan (ATCP)

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A r b o r i c u l t u r a l T r e e C o n s t r a i n t s A s s e s s m e n t F o r T r e e s A t U n d e r c l i f f e , C l e a d o n L a n e , C l e a d o n F o r F i t z A r c h i t e c t s 1 6 t h A p r i l 2 0 1 3 © A l l A b o u t T r e e s L t d 2 0 1 3 - 1 -

1 . I n t r o d u c t i o n

1.1 We are instructed by Fitz Architects to provide an Arboricultural Tree Constraints Assessment (ATCA) for the significant trees located with a specified area of the Undercliffe estate, Cleadon Lane, Cleadon.

1.2 We were provided with the following documents:

• Existing topographical survey in digital AutoCAD format

1.3 The primary objective of this report is to assess the trees within the site with regard to their arboricultural, landscape and cultural (including conservation) contribution. The findings of which are essential to inform the design layout by identifying any above or below ground constraints.

1.4 This assessment is concerned with recording the species, size and condition of the trees. Recommendations are made where appropriate to establish acceptable levels of safety for the site and also to establish a higher level of arboricultural management.

1.5 The trees are also evaluated for the purposes of British Standard 5837:2012 – Trees in relation to design, demolition and construction, with regard to their quality and value. The type and size of the root protection area is calculated and the position of the protective barriers is determined. The remaining contribution or safe useful life expectancy is estimated as an indication of the trees period of retention.

1.6 All observations were from ground level without detailed investigation.

1.7 Trees are living organisms whose health and condition may change rapidly and my observations are based on the status of the tree at the time of inspection.

2 . P r o t e c t e d S t a t u s O f T r e e s

2.1 Trees may be legally protected, this may either be in the form of a Tree Preservation Order (TPO) or that the trees are located within a Conservation area. In addition some tree felling may require a felling licence from the Forestry Commission. 2.2 Potentially large penalties may be enforced for illegally carrying out works on protected trees. It is recommended that checks are made before any works are undertaken and no work should commence until permission has been granted. Please note that there are a number of exemptions from the requirement to obtain a felling licence including land on which full planning permission has been granted by the local authority, however this

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exemption does not cover land where only outline planning permission has been granted, or on land which has been allocated for residential development within local authority urban and local development plans.

3 . S i t e V i s i t & D e s c r i p t i o n

Site location – N 54° 57’ 14.03 W 01° 23’ 36.72 O/S Grid reference- NZ 389 623 GB Grid

Figure 1 - The study area is indicated by the red boundary line as shown on the above image.

3.1 A site visit was undertaken on Monday and Tuesday the 8th and 9th of April 2013 by Tim Archment. The weather was fine with no visibility constraints throughout the duration of the survey.

3.2 The study area is located on Cleadon Lane, on the eastern fringe of Cleadon village. Land immediately to the north, east and south is largely agricultural while Cleadon village is located to the west. 3.3 A number of horses were kept in the site at the time of the survey. The horses have been given free reign over much of the site leaving the ground heavily churned and trampled. A large number of trees are showing signs of decline which has been attributed to compaction damage, related to repetitive trampling by the horses. A significant number of the trees have also suffered browsing damage from the horses. 3.4 There is a relatively large pond located towards the south of the study area attracting a range of wildlife. Both mallards and moorhens were observed feeding at the pond during the survey. Frogs were also evident with numerous clumps of frog spawn visible around the pond periphery.

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3.5 Tree diversity is limited within the study area. Sycamore trees have established and dominate the study area accounting for 63% of trees surveyed as individuals. Willow form the next major component of the tree population accounting for around 13% of individual trees.

3.6 Service wires run adjacent to the southern boundary of the site. Consequently a number of the trees have had facilitative pruning which has not been in line with arboricultural best practice. 3.7 The site slopes downhill towards the south. Drainage did not appear to be an issue.

4 . A p p r a i s a l The trees have been surveyed on site and plotted on the site plan. Their positions are considered accurate given the provision of a detailed topographical survey. Some trees however were missed during the land survey and the positions of these have been determined using laser distometers and triangulation calculations.

All significant trees within the specified site area have been surveyed in accordance with British Standard 5837:2012 – Trees in relation to design, demolition and construction and the individual tree details are included in Appendix 1. 4.1 Root Protection Areas (RPAs) 4.1.1 The British Standard Root Protection Areas (RPAs) are indicated by the red circles surrounding the trunk position of the trees on the associated plans. These indicative circles do not take into consideration site specific conditions such as the presence of buildings, roads, footpaths, topography, underground utility services etc. and are representative of typical root morphology where said structures are not encountered. 4.1.2 It is possible the stone walls around the site have confined the rooting areas of the trees around the site, although, without detailed investigation the extent of root spread is impossible to quantify. Roots will turn away from obstacles and severely compacted ground choosing to exploit and proliferate in the areas of lesser resistance. 4.1.3 If, and when, any development takes place, a protective barrier will be placed around retained trees to protect them for the duration of the development. When possible the barrier will be extended beyond the British Standard indicative red circle to account for root growth which may extend beyond the indicative RPA.

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4.1.4 If necessary, exploratory trenching can be conducted to quantify root spread, as detailed in section 4.4. 4.2 Tree Categories The identified trees have been categorised according to British Standard 5837:2012 – Trees in relation to design, demolition and construction as either A, B, C or U grade trees and have been marked on the Arboricultural Tree Constraints Plan (ATCP).

4.2.1 Category ‘A’ Trees (High value)

Trees identified as category A, are those of significant high quality and value in terms of arboricultural, landscape or culture (including conservation) and are in such condition as to make a substantial contribution (a minimum of 40 years). These trees pose a considerable constraint to development and should be retained, protected and incorporated within the design where possible. 4 individuals were identified within this site as category A. • Trees 1, 12, 22 & 209

4.2.2 Category ‘B’ Trees (Moderate value) Trees identified as category B, are those of moderate quality and value in terms of arboriculture, landscape or cultural (including conservation) and are in such condition as to make a contribution (a minimum of 20 years). These trees pose a constraint to development and should be retained, protected and incorporated within the design where possible. 106 individuals and 1 group were identified within this site as category B. • Trees 4, 7, 9-10, 13, 15-19, 24-30, 32-33, 41-43, 45, 47-49, 51, 53-59,

62-63, 65, 67, 70-78, 81-82, 85-97, 99, 103-106, 113, 114, 116-118, 120, 122, 125-127, 130-132, 135, 137-138, 142-143, 146, 149, 152, 157, 160-164, 172-175, 177, 192, 194, 200-201, 204-206 and group 3.

4.2.3 Category ‘C’ Trees (Low value) Trees identified as category C, are those of low quality and value in terms of arboriculture, landscape or cultural (including conservation) and are in adequate condition to remain until new planting could be established. Young trees with a stem diameter below 150mm are also categorised as C as they are easily replaceable or can be considered for relocation. These trees should not be considered to pose a significant constraint to development but should be retained and protected where possible.

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64 individuals, 2 groups and 1 hedgerow were identified within this site as category C. • Trees 2-3, 5-6, 8, 21, 23, 31, 34-35, 37-40, 46, 50, 60-61, 66, 79-80, 83-

84, 100, 102, 109-111, 115, 119, 121, 123-124, 129, 133, 136, 139-140 ,145, 147, 150-151, 154, 165, 167-168, 171, 176, 179-182, 184-185, 187-190, 193, 196-199, 212, groups 1 & 2 and hedgerow 1.

4.2.4 Category ‘U’ Trees (unsuitable for retention) Trees identified as category U:

• Those of such a condition that they cannot realistically be retained

as living trees in the context of the current land use for longer than 10 years should be removed for reasons of sound arboricultural management regardless of development.

• Should be removed due to serious, irremediable structural defects, are

dead, in decline, because they are diseased or are suppressing better quality trees.

39 individuals were identified within this site as category U. • Trees 11, 14, 20, 36, 44, 52, 64, 68-69, 98, 101, 107-108, 112, 128, 134,

141, 144, 148, 153, 155-156, 158-159, 166, 169-170, 178, 183, 186, 191, 195, 202-203, 207-208, 210-211 & 213.

4.3 Tree Work Recommendations/Prescribed Maintenance

4.3.1 The prescribed maintenance recommendations for each tree are included within Appendix 1 of this report. An outline assumption has been made that all trees will be unaffected by any proposed construction works and the recommendations are solely to establish a higher level of arboricultural management for the site. Once a proposed development scheme is released and a full Arboricultural Impact Assessment (AIA) carried out these recommendations may be subject to change. 4.3.2 It is envisioned that some of the remaining trees will have to be removed during the redevelopment of site, however until such time as a proposed development plan becomes available all trees with the exception of those identified as category U (unsuitable for retention) should be retained.

4.3.3 Once a design layout has been approved the retained trees should be protected by the positioning of a protective barrier as per section 5.1 of this report outside the root protection area (RPA) of the individual trees which is shown as the red circles or cyan polyline surrounding the trunk position on the Arboricultural Tree Constraints Plan (ATCP). The barriers

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should be erected prior to the commencement of site activities and remain in position throughout both the demolition and construction phases. 4.3.4 No detailed assessment has been undertaken to determine the effects of shade cast by the tree crowns. 4.3.5 A detailed shade assessment of the affects of shade cast by trees crowns both at the present time and in the future (as the canopy develops) can be provided once an initial site layout design has been provided. 4.4 Exploratory Trenching 4.4.1 Depending upon the proposed design layout it may be beneficial to conduct non-damaging, exploratory trenching at various locations across the study area. By accurately quantifying root spread, as well as exact root locations, informed management/construction decisions can be made. This can be of benefit in a wide range of scenarios depending upon the trees and proposed layout. For example, the trenching could be used to ascertain precise placement of pile foundations to avoid major, structural roots. In another scenario the trenching may reveal a lack of major structural roots allowing use of traditional strip foundations rather than pile foundations. 4.4.2 An ‘Air-spade’ or ‘Soil Pick’ converts compressed air from a portable compressor to a highly pressurised directional jet stream using an engineered nozzle. The air is able to penetrate the ground and loosen the soil without causing damage to roots or any existing utilities. Even the fine feeding roots of the tree remain intact and viable.

4.4.3 The loose soil is then temporarily removed, either by hand or with the use of a soil vacuum, allowing the root structure of the tree to be viewed without damage.

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Figure 2 - Example of trench excavated through a RPA using the Air-spade 4.4.4 Following the investigation the trenches would be refilled to prevent root desiccation. 4.5 Site Specific Concerns A number of issues were evident during the survey which should be considered as part of an arboricultural management scheme. 4.5.1 Browsing Damage 4.5.2 A large number of trees around the site have suffered browsing damage from the resident horses. Many have been stripped of bark and young growth has been eaten. 4.5.3 Horses tend to browse on trees when there is not enough grass available. The ground within the study area is heavily churned leaving little opportunity for grass to grow. Horses may also browse trees to satisfy a mineral deficiency. The irons and salts which horses find desirable can be found in woody tissues. 4.5.4 Solutions for horse browsing damage are usually centred on two basic techniques. The first is to provide enough roughage (hay) for the horse so the desire to browse is reduced. Mineral blocks can also be provided to provide the minerals which horses may be seeking when they browse trees.

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Figures 3 & 4 - Sycamore trees stripped of bark by browsing horses.

4.5.5 The second technique revolves around exclusion. If a horse cannot reach a tree, the horse cannot browse the tree. Fencing can be installed to prevent access, although it must be remembered horses have a good reach and so fencing should be installed at least 2m away from canopy edges. An electrified strand of wire along the top of the fence can be used to reduce this 2m distance as most horses will not risk electrocution. 4.5.6 Compaction Related Damage 4.5.7 The ground around the study area is severely churned and heavily trampled. Much of the soil around the site is likely to be compacted due to the repetitive movement of the resident horses. Consequently, a significant number of trees are in poor physiological condition and showing signs of decline. 4.5.8 When soil is compacted there is an increase of soil micropores coupled with a reduction in macropores, as represented in the below images. This leads to a reduction in gaseous exchange and water movement which is detrimental to tree health. Soil compaction can also lead to an increase in anaerobic bacteria which may lead to a predisposition to root decay.

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Figure 5 - Uncompacted soil showing large macropores allowing gaseous exchange and

water movement. Figure 6 - Compacted soil with reduced macropores. Gaseous exchange and water

movement limited. 4.5.9 Trees suffering from compaction related damage often have reduced leaf area, low extension growth, dieback, premature abscission and an extended decline.

Figure 7 - Heavily churned/compacted ground with resident horses. 4.5.10 Research shows the majority of compaction related damage takes place with first few passes of the causative agent (vehicle, human, animal etc). The damage reaches a plateau with subsequent passes doing little to worsen damage. It is likely this plateau has been reached. 4.5.11 Given ground conditions, a soil amelioration program would be beneficial. This will help to improve conditions for both retained trees and any new trees included in a planting scheme.

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4.5.12 A soil amelioration program should include decompaction of the existing ground as a minimum. Addition of organic matter and improvement of drainage by addition of grainy particles may also be beneficial. 4.5.13 Aggressive Pathogens 4.5.14 A number of pathogens were noted during the survey with a brief explanation for more significant aggressors detailed below. The presence of pests and diseases is considered normal and is an essential part of a functioning ecosystem. 4.5.15 Ganoderma adspersum – Southern Bracket

4.5.16 Ganoderma fruiting bodies were noted growing on T13, a large sycamore stump. 4.5.17 Ganoderma adspersum is a principle decay fungi which causes a ‘selective delignification’ white rot decay which degrades lignin and to a lesser extent the cellulose and hemicelluloses of the wood (which gives the wood strength and flexibility) eventually causing the wood to become soft with the consequence of possible ductile fracture or complete root failure. It is common on beech but can also be found on a wide range of broadleaved hosts.

4.5.18 As with any basal fungus, decay by this species can cause mechanical failure of the stem base. However, the partially decayed wood retains considerable tensile strength due to the fact that the decay involves selective delignification. For this reason, when failure occurs in stems infected by these fungi, the residual wall thickness of sound wood tends to be much less than 30-35% of the stem radius.

4.5.19 While Ganoderma is not problematic growing on a dead stump, it may be spread to other trees in the locality. If Ganoderma fruiting bodies are noted on other trees, an experienced arboriculturist should be contacted.

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4.5.20 Bleeding canker 4.5.21 T212 appears to be suffering from bleeding canker (Pseudomonas syringae pv Aesculi) with symptomatic dark exudations and bark cracking. 4.5.21 Bleeding stains appears on the stem followed by bark necrosis, crown dieback and finally, in most cases, the death of the tree. The pathogen affects and restricts the cambium and therefore the transportation of assimilates. As the trees physiological condition declines it becomes predisposed to infection from various other adventitious pathogens. 4.5.22 Should other horse chestnuts within the locality begin to display symptoms as described above, an experienced arboriculturist should be contacted. 4.6 Wildlife Habitats 4.6.1 As part of the survey the significant trees were inspected from ground level with the use of binoculars for signs of wildlife habitation, in particular birds and bats.

Bats 4.6.2 All UK bats and their roosts are protected by law. The legislation protecting bats are:

• The Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981 (WCA) • Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010

4.6.3 For all countries of the UK, the legal protection for bats and their roosts may be summarised as follows: You will be committing a criminal offence if you:

1. Deliberately* capture, injure or kill a bat 2. Intentionally or recklessly disturb a bat in its roost or deliberately

disturb a group of bats 3. Damage or destroy a bat roosting place (even if bats are not

occupying the roost at the time) 4. Possess or advertise/sell/exchange a bat (dead or alive) or any

part of a bat 5. Intentionally or recklessly obstruct access to a bat roost

*In a court, 'deliberately' will probably be interpreted as someone who, although not intending to capture/injure or kill a bat, performed the relevant

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action, being sufficiently informed and aware of the consequence his/her action will most likely have.)

4.6.4 Penalties on conviction - the maximum fine is £5,000 per incident or per bat (some roosts contain several hundred bats), up to six months in prison, and forfeiture of items used to commit the offence, e.g. vehicles, plant, machinery.

4.6.5 No visual signs were found to indicate the presence of bats in the surveyed trees although a number of trees on site display characteristics found favourable to bats and as such caution must be exercised. 4.6.6 When carrying out tree works it is essential that the contractor or other competent person carriers out a specific ‘bats in trees risk assessment’ which can be obtained from the ‘Arboricultural Association’ or the ‘Bat Conservation Trust’ (BCT). If evidence of bats is found work must stop immediately and Natural England Batline contacted (0845 1300 228). A further inspection may well be required by a licensed bat handler or roost visitor. Birds 4.6.7 In the UK, all wild birds, their nests and their eggs are protected by law. 4.6.8 In England, Scotland and Wales the legislation that protects wild birds is:

• The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 • The Countryside (or CRoW) Act 2000

4.6.9 No nesting birds were present at the time of inspection although signs of previous nesting activity were evident and as such caution must be exercised. 4.6.10 As with bats the contractor has an obligation to carry out visual checks prior to works. Where possible tree works should be carried out in the period from August to the end of February in order to avoid the bird nesting season. Further Wildlife Considerations 4.6.11 The pond to the south of the site may be suitable for inhabitation by Great Crested Newt, Triturus cristatus. T. cristatus is included within Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and Schedule 2 of The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 making it an European Protected Species.

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4.7 Habitat Enhancement 4.7.1 Habitat enhancement may be achieved with a variety of easily accomplished methods, aimed at both enhancing the existing habitat niches as well as creating new. The following text touches upon methods which will have a positive impact. 4.7.2 Deadwood Retention – The importance of deadwood retention is well documented. Both standing and prone deadwood has extensive wildlife benefits and should be retained when possible. 4.7.3 Health and safety requirements must be paramount when considering deadwood. It would not be prudent to retain deadwood in proximity of roads or footpaths for example. It is worth also considering levels of miscreant activity; deadwood is a potential fire hazard. 4.7.4 Standing deadwood may be created as part of thinning operations. Instead of entire tree removal, select trees may have their canopy removed to leave a standing stem. Differing heights of standing deadwood will have different benefits. A 2m stem may be utilised as a song post by a tree pipit for example, while a 5m stem could attract feeding woodpeckers. 4.7.5 Standing deadwood may be further improved with the use of ‘coronet cuts’ or ‘natural fracture pruning’. Rather than cutting the branches in the conventional manner to give a flat surface the branch may be encouraged to tear and rip under its own weight with a partial cut. This wound may then be carved further, usually with the use of a chainsaw, to created deep jagged edges and crevices. 4.7.6 This method of pruning, not only looks more natural, but bypasses the trees natural defence system allows easier colonisation by fungal pathogens, speeding up the decay process and encouraging a range of wildlife.

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Figure 8 - Natural fracture pruning on ash tree

4.7.7 Simply boring a hole into the tree with a chainsaw, or even drill, can also have wildlife benefits. Again by bypassing the trees natural trees defence system, colonisation by fungal pathogens is quickened encouraging the natural decay process resulting in cavity formation. Further to this animals such as bats are known to roost in cracks and crevices and birds will readily nest in small sheltered holes. 4.7.8 Deadwood can be stacked into habitat piles where suitable. These piles can attract a range of invertebrates which in turn will attract feeding birds and mammals. Dependent upon size and location of the piles they may be utilised as shelter for small mammals and birds. 4.7.9 Large diameter timber could be carved into art installations / woodland furniture etc. Left untreated (i.e without varnish/preservatives) these will still have similar wildlife benefits while providing points of interest. 4.7.10 Bird & Bat Box Installation 4.7.11 Installation of bird and bat boxes has obvious benefits. They provide a readymade habitat which a multitude of species will readily colonise. They also make future monitoring of wildlife populations easier by providing surveyors with known reference points. 4.7.12 Both bird and bat boxes come in a variety of styles and materials which will suit different locations and species. Careful consideration should be given to this when choosing a product.

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4.7.13 Anecdotal evidence suggests bats are often slower to colonise boxes than birds and as such the quality of the box is important. Companies such as Schwegler produce ‘woodcrete’ bat boxes, made from a mixture of wood fibres, clay and concrete which have a greater longevity than traditional wooden boxes. 4.8 Ivy & Its Significance 4.8.1 The severance of ivy has been recommended on a number of trees. The presence of ivy has a range of advantages and disadvantages which make it desirable in some areas while not in others. 4.8.2 Ivy has a range of ecological benefits due to its high value for wildlife, providing shelter for birds and bats and food, pollen and nectar for insects. 4.8.3 However, it can also be the cause of many problems and can even lead to the total demise of the tree. 4.8.4 Once located around the trunk of a tree, its leaves prevent any light from reaching the tree bark and thus prevent activation of any dormant buds. This does not necessarily represent a problem and in some cases may even be desirable. It does however become a problem when ivy grows into the trees crown and prevents the development of new and existing buds. Buds produce leaves and leaves produce food for the tree through the process of photosynthesis; without adequate supplies of food the tree starts to decline. 4.8.5 Ivy cannot harm the tree directly and the idea that it can 'strangle a tree to death' is unfounded. However, once it reaches the crown of the tree, ivy can cause problems by way of additional weight and an increased wind sail area which can result in branch loss or complete failure. 4.8.6 Ivy growth around the tree trunk can produce a localised humid microclimate which wood decay organisms enjoy; such a climate may increase the rate of decay on already damaged areas. 4.8.7 Tree Inspection becomes difficult with possible hazards being hidden from view and for these reasons it is recommended that ivy is severed in areas of higher risk, such as adjacent to the road or along the site boundaries. 4.8.8 Severing ivy at ground level will result in the death of the ivy over a period of a few days to a few weeks, dependent upon weather conditions. The leaves will wilt before falling and in most situations the stems will remain on the tree for several years, if not indefinitely. As the ivy dies gradually any wildlife using the ivy has opportunity to relocate to other trees within the locality.

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4.8.9 It may be desirable to strip the ivy from the particular trees if aesthetics are of importance. After the ivy has become desiccated this should not be overly problematic. 4.8.10 It is important to note that a range of wildlife will utilise ivy and ivy-clad trees for a variety of purposes. This includes protected species such as birds and bats, and as such special consideration must be given to them. Further information can be found in section 4.6. 4.9 Tree Planting 4.9.1 A significant number of trees have been recommended for removal around the site for a variety of reasons. It would be prudent to consider a replacement planting scheme to ensure the longevity of tree cover within the area. 4.9.2 A replacement planting scheme should seek to increase tree diversity within the site, as well as balancing the large sycamore population. 4.9.3 Broadly speaking, the planting of native British trees is encouraged across the site. 4.9.5 Underplanting may be considered, particularly on the eastern and southern boundaries where there is little in the way of understory trees. Species such as hazel, holly, yew, blackthorn, elder, dogwood etc may be considered. This will also serve to bolster privacy. 4.9.6 If choosing trees to plant around the pond area, those tolerant of water should be used. Species such as birch, willow or alder may be considered. Water tolerant coniferous species include both the silver and noble fir as well as the swamp cypress. 4.9.7 The above mentioned species should be considered as a starting point for replacement planting rather than an exhaustive list. There are many other species which may be used. 4.10 Felling Licences 4.10.1 To help protect Britain's forests, a felling licence from the Forestry Commission is required to fell trees. It is an offence to fell trees without a licence if an exemption does not apply. 4.10.2 Felling Licence exemptions can be grouped in the following way:

• Location • Type of tree work • Volume and diameter • Other permissions

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• Legal and statutory requirements

4.10.3 Use the information below to check whether a licence is required. Please contact Forestry Commission England before felling to check that a licence is not necessary.

Exemptions

Location

You do not need a licence to fell trees in:

• a garden • an orchard • a churchyard • a designated open space (Commons Act 1899)

Type of Tree Work

You do not need a licence to carry out:

• lopping • topping • pruning • pollarding

Volume and Diameter

You do not need a licence:

• to fell less than 5 cubic metres in a calendar quarter (Please note that you cannot sell more than 2 cubic metres in a calendar quarter)

• for trees that have the following diameters when measured 1.3 metres from the ground

o 8 cm or less o 10 cm or less for thinning o 15cm or less for cutting coppice

Other Permissions

You do not need a licence if you have a current permission under:

• an approved Dedication Scheme plan • planning permission (granted under the Town and Country

Planning Act)

Legal and Statutory Requirements

You do not need a licence:

• for trees that are dangerous or cause a nuisance • to prevent the spread of a quarantine pest or disease in

accordance with a notice served by a Forestry Commission Plant Health Officer

• to comply with an Act of Parliament • to undertake your duties as a statutory service provider (gas,

water, electricity)

(www.forestry.gov.uk)

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5 . T r e e P r o t e c t i o n M e a s u r e s

5.1 Root Protection Area & Barrier Specification

5.1.1 Trees on development sites are prone to damage during the course of demolition and construction works. Retained trees need to be protected in line with British Standard 5837–2012 Trees in relation to design, demolition & construction.

5.1.2 This usually involves identifying a construction exclusion zone around the tree which should remain undisturbed with appropriate protective barriers preventing access to this Root Protection Area for the duration of the project. 5.1.3 The minimum root protection areas (measured in a radius from the centre of the tree to the protective barrier) are outlined for each individual tree and the barrier layout is indicated on the plan. 5.1.4 The exact root spread of an individual tree is difficult to quantify, but in general, the bulk of a trees roots are situated in the upper 600mm of the soil with the finer absorbing roots prevalent in the upper 250mm.

5.1.5 Dependant on soil conditions and the species of the tree, the root plate may extend radially for distances in excess of the height of the tree. 5.1.6 In the case of development sites, the root protection area is designed to prevent any significant long term damage to the tree by protecting the root plate and to some extent the lower branches of the tree. 5.1.7 The barriers should be erected prior to work commencing on site and should remain until construction activities have been completed. The root protection area should be considered essential and should not be removed or altered without prior recommendation by an Arboriculturalist and approval of the local planning authority.

5.1.8 The barrier should consist of a vertical and horizontal framework of scaffold tubing which is adequately braced to resist impacts. The vertical scaffold tubes need to be placed at a distance not exceeding 3m apart and driven securely into the ground for a minimum depth of 0.6m. Care should be taken when locating the vertical poles to avoid underground services and, in the case of the bracing poles, also to avoid any structural roots. The weldmesh or Heras panels need to be a minimum 2.0m tall and are securely attached to the scaffold framework with wire or scaffold clamps. The wire or scaffold clamps should be secured on the inside of the barrier to avoid easy dismantling. Panels on rubber or concrete feet are not resistant to impact and should not be used.

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AllAboutTrees


5.1.9 No fixing shall be made to any tree and all possible care must be taken to prevent damage to tree roots when locating the posts.

5.1.10 All types of barriers must be firmly attached to prevent movement by site personnel or vehicles and all weather signs with the wording “Construction exclusion zone- keep out” should be attached.

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5.2 Service Runs 5.2.1 The installation of any new underground services including soakaway’s should ideally by positioned outside the root protection areas of any retained trees. 5.2.2 It is assumed that the existing service runs will be exploited where possible, but if new works are required it is important that they comply with the National Joint Utilities Group (NJUG) ‘Guidelines for the planning, installation, and maintenance of utility services in proximity to trees’ and BS 5837. 5.2.3 The excavation of open trenches by machine will be unacceptable within the protective zone of any of the retained trees. 5.2.4 Acceptable techniques (fuller details in the appendices) for the laying of services in order of preference are: • Trenchless- by using thrust boring or similar techniques • Broken Trench- to be dug by hand • Continuous trench- to be dug by hand

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6 . C o n c l u s i o n

6.1 As with any construction exercise near trees, there are potential areas of conflict where damage could be caused to retained trees.

6.2 By using the protective elements dictated by British Standard 5837, no significant damage should take place during the demolition or construction phase and the tree cover should flourish in the longer term. 6.3 It is vital that the ultimate size and spread of the trees should be considered when retaining trees near to the building and that shading and light penetration should also be considered when positioning the windows in the building.

6.4 All tree works must conform rigorously to BS 3998 (2010) ‘Recommendations for Tree Work’ For and on behalf of AllAboutTrees Ltd Andrew Watson FLS MICFor CBiol MSB FArborA CEnv LCGI -Chartered Arboriculturalist & Registered Consultant

AllAboutTrees

A p p e n d i x 1

( A l l T r e e M a i n t e n a n c e W o r k I s P r o v i s i o n a l S e e S e c t i o n 4 . 5 F o r F u r t h e r D e t a i l s )

Tree No.

Species Common Name Latin Name

Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems

Height Of Lower Canopy (M)

First Sign Branch(M) (Position)

Age Physiol-ogical Condition

Structural Condition

Root Prot Area Radii (M)

Estimated Remaining Contribution (Years)

Tree Quality Assessment

Comments Maintenance Bat Roost Potential

Ultimate Size For Species (M) Height Spread

Priority

1

Ash Fraxinus excelsior

16 7 6.5 5 7 780 1 5 4.5 NE Mature Fair Fair 9.4 40+ A -High

Deadwood. Previously crown lifted over adjacent service wires.

Crown clean to remove the deadwood.

Low 23 18 A

2

Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus

7 2.5 2 5 5 290 1 4.5 2.5 N Middle aged Fair Fair 3.5 20-40 C - Low

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Growing beneath canopy of adjacent ash. Decay pocket at approximately 1.8m on south flank at site of lost branch.

Remove as part of site management. Low 22 20 B

3

Laburnum Laburnum anagyroides

3 3.5 2 1.5 2.5 300 1 0 0 N Middle aged Poor Fair 3.6 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Deadwood. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Branches beginning to encroach on adjacent road.

Crown clean to remove the deadwood. Maintain clearance from adjacent road.

None 12 10 C

4


11.5 2.5 2.5 2 4 349 1 3.5 3 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 4.2 20-40 B -

Moderate Deadwood. Crown clean to remove the deadwood.

Low 22 20 B

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Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

5


3.5 3 1.5 1.5 2.5 135 2 1.5 1 N Middle aged Fair Fair 1.6 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Branches beginning to encroach on adjacent road.

Crown clean to remove the deadwood. Maintain clearance from adjacent road.

None 12 10 C

6


7.5 2.5 3 3 2.5 180 1 2 2.5 N Middle aged Fair Fair 2.2 10-20 C - Low

Low vitality indicated by poor shoot elongation. Low bud/leaf density. Growing beneath canopy of adjacent tree.

Remove as part of site management. None 22 20 B

7


14.5 2 5 3.5 5 470 1 3.5 3.5 NW

Middle aged Fair Fair 5.6 20-40 B -

Moderate Deadwood. Crown clean to remove the deadwood.

Low 22 20 B

8 Elm Ulmus spp.

5 3 4 3 3.5 290 1 0.5 0.5 W Middle aged Fair Poor 3.5 10-20 C - Low Regenerative growth from

decaying stump. Remove if desirable. None 24 20 C

9


16 1.5 5 3.5 5.5 410 1 2.5 3 W Mature Fair Fair 4.9 20-40 B - Moderate

Deadwood. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


Low 23 18 B

10 Holly Ilex aquifolium

4.5 2 5 2 2 180 1 1 1 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.2 20-40 B -

Moderate

Minor stem decay which appears insignificant. Branches beginning to encroach on adjacent road.

Maintain clearance from adjacent road. None 12 10 C

11


11 0 1.5 5.5 0 310 1 9 9 E Middle aged Poor Poor 3.7 <10

U - Unsuitable for retention

In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Deadwood.

Remove as part of site management. Low 22 20 A

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Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Low bud/leaf density. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Top previously snapped out. Stem decay evident with bark loss and insect activity evident. Abuts fence.

12 English Elm Ulmus procera

15 4.5 8 4.5 7 670 1 6 2.5 S Mature Fair Fair 8 40+ A -High

No major visible defects. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy.


Low 24 20 B

13


14.5 1.5 3.5 8 2 500 1 3 3.5 E Middle aged Fair Fair 6 20-40 B -

Moderate

Epicormic growth. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.

No tree works required at the present time.

Low 22 20 -

14


1 0 0 0 0 650 1 0 0 N Mature Dead Dead 7.8 <10


Decaying, ivy clad stump with Ganoderma brackets at base.


None 22 20 -

15


15.5 3.5 4 2 7 440 1 4 3 W Middle aged Fair Fair 5.3 20-40 B -

Moderate

Large diameter deadwood in crown. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


Low 23 18 A

16 Sycamore 14.5 4.5 3.5 9.5 4.5 600 1 4 4 E Mature Fair Fair 7.2 20-40 B -

Moderate Deadwood.

Crown clean to remove the Low 22 20 B

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Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Acer pseudoplatanus

Asymmetric crown spread. deadwood.

17


14.5 3.5 2.5 8 5 440 1 4.5 5.5 E Mature Fair Fair 5.3 20-40 B - Moderate

Deadwood. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 B

18


14.5 3 2.5 9 4 370 1 2 3 E Mature Fair Fair 4.4 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 B

19


14.5 1.5 1.5 9 5 390 1 5 3 W Mature Fair Fair 4.7 20-40 B - Moderate

Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 -

20


14.5 2 2 6 3 430 1 6 5 S Mature Poor Poor 5.2 <10


In decline. Extensive stem decay. Deadwood. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


21


12.5 2 3 2 3 250 1 2 2 S Middle aged Poor Fair 3 10-20 C - Low

Poor quality individual of low value. Deadwood. Asymmetric crown spread.


22 English Oak Quercus robur

15.5 7 7 5 7.5 730 1 4 4 SW Mature Fair Fair 8.8 40+ A -High

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Deadwood.


Low 20 20 B

23


11.5 2 2 7.5 3 340 1 4.5 4 E Middle aged Fair Fair 4.1 10-20 C - Low

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Deadwood. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to


Low 22 20 B

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

group pressure.

24


12.5 3.5 2.5 2 7.5 360 1 3.5 3.5 W Middle aged Fair Fair 4.3 20-40 B -

Moderate Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 -

25


13 2 5 7 3 440 1 2 3 NE Mature Fair Fair 5.3 20-40 B - Moderate

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Deadwood. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 B

26


13 2 3 0 5.5 450 1 6 6 W Mature Fair Fair 5.4 20-40 B - Moderate

Dense ivy prevents a thorough inspection of all aerial parts. Deadwood. Crown distorted due to group pressure.

Sever ivy at ground level. Crown clean to remove the deadwood.

Low 22 20 B

27


13 3 1.5 0.5 7 330 1 3 2.5 W Middle aged Fair Fair 4 20-40 B -

Moderate Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 -

28


13 0.5 4.5 7 0.5 360 1 2 6.5 E Middle aged Fair Fair 4.3 20-40 B -

Moderate

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 B

29


13.5 2.5 3.5 6.5 5 460 1 2.5 4 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 5.5 20-40 B -

Moderate

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Deadwood. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 B

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Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

30


14 1.5 5.5 7.5 3 450 1 2 5 E Mature Fair 5.4 20-40 B - Moderate

Deadwood. Slight lean to southeast.


Low 22 20 B

31


3.5 0.5 1 2 0.5 250 1 1.5 1.5 S Middle aged Fair Poor 3 10-20 C - Low

Poor quality individual of low value. Abuts wall. Growing beneath service wires. Browsing damage to stem. Pollarded to provide clearance for service wires.

Remove as part of site management. None 22 20 C

32 Lime Tilia spp.

8.5 3.5 3.5 4 2.5 270 1 1.5 2 S Middle aged Fair Fair 3.2 20-40 B -

Moderate

Crown distorted due to group pressure. Minor browsing damage to stem.


None 22 16 -

33 Lime Tilia spp.

12 4.5 4 4 4 360 1 1.5 2.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 4.3 40+ B -

Moderate No major visible defects. No tree works required at the present time.

None 22 16 -

34


11.5 1 2.5 5 1 390 1 1.5 0 S Middle aged Fair Fair 4.7 10-20 C - Low

Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Extensive browsing damage to stem. Subdominant stem from ground level.


35


11.5 2.5 2 6 1 350 1 3.5 2.5 E Middle aged Poor Fair 4.2 10-20 C - Low

Poor quality individual of low value. Deadwood. Crown distorted due to


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Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

group pressure. Extensive browsing damage to stem.

36


12 3.5 2 7.5 5 460 1 4 4 E Mature Dead Dead 5.5 <10


Dead tree. Remove as part of site management. Low 22 20 A

37 Apple Malus

5.5 2.5 3.5 5.5 1.5 238 3 1 1 W Mature Fair Fair 2.9 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Asymmetric crown spread.


None 10 9 -

38 Apple Malus

6.5 4 4.5 3 4 334 6 0 0 N Mature Fair Fair 4 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Broken / hanging branches in crown.

Remove broken/hanging branches.

None 10 9 C

39 Apple Malus

4.5 0.5 2.5 2.5 0.5 130 1 0.5 0.5 E Middle aged Fair Fair 1.6 10-20 C - Low

Leans to the east. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


None 10 9 -

40 Apple Malus

6 2 2 3 0.5 172 2 1 0.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.1 10-20 C - Low

Crown distorted due to group pressure. 2x codominant stems from ground level.


None 10 9 -

41


11.5 3 4 4.5 4.5 424 3 1.5 1.5 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 5.1 40+ B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Multiple stems below 1.5m. Abuts boundary wall.


None 22 20 -

42 Apple Malus

6.5 3 3.5 3 3.5 320 1 1.5 1 S Mature Fair Fair 3.8 20-40 B - Moderate

No major visible defects. Crossing / rubbing branches.


None 10 9 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

43 Apple Malus

6.5 2 4.5 5.5 2 345 8 1.5 0 S Middle aged Fair Fair 4.1 20-40 B -

Moderate

Crossing / rubbing branches. Asymmetric crown spread.


None 10 9 -

44

Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna

5.5 0.5 2 1.5 1.5 150 2 1.5 1.5 S Mature Poor Fair 1.8 <10


In decline. Deadwood. Dieback in crown.


45


12.5 6 5.5 6 2.5 430 2 2 2 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 5.2 40+ B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Growing at top of retaining wall. 2x codominant from approximately 0.5m. Abuts fencing.


None 22 20 -

46


7 0 4 0 4 192 2 2.5 3 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.3 10-20 C - Low

Leans to the west. Growing at top of retaining wall. Extensive browsing damage to stems. 2x codominant stems from ground level.


47


11.5 4 3 2.5 2 346 5 3 3 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 4.2 20-40 B -

Moderate

Multiple stems below 1.5m. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing at top of retaining wall.


None 22 20 -

48


11.5 7 6.5 2 2.5 362 3 1.5 3 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 4.3 20-40 B -

Moderate

Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy.


None 22 20 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing at top of retaining wall. 2x codominant stems and 1x subdominant from ground level.

49


9 5 4 2 2 234 3 2 3 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 2.8 20-40 B -

Moderate

Multiple stems from ground level. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing at top of retaining wall.


None 22 20 -

50


12 0.5 4.5 1.5 2 220 1 2 2.5 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 2.6 20-40 C - Low

Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Extensive browsing damage to stem.


None 22 20 -

51


12 5 4 1.5 2 347 2 2 2.5 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 4.2 20-40 B -

Moderate

Multiple stems below 1.5m. Growing out of retaining wall.


None 22 20 -

52


6 0 5.5 2 0 100 1 1.5 2.5 S Young Poor Poor 1.2 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Poor form and shape. Leans to the south.

Remove as part of site management. None 22 20 A

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Extensive browsing damage.

53


11 1.5 4 1 1 233 3 1.5 1.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.8 20-40 B -

Moderate

Multiple stems from ground level. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing out of retaining wall.


None 22 20 -

54


11.5 4.5 1 2.5 0.5 170 1 3 3 N Middle aged Fair Fair 2 20-40 B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing on top of retaining wall.


None 22 20 -

55


13.5 5 5 3 2.5 471 4 1.5 1.5 NE


Moderate

No major visible defects. Multiple stems from ground level. Growing on top of retaining wall.


None 22 20 -

56


11 2.5 5 1 2 228 2 2.5 2.5 N Middle aged Fair Fair 2.7 20-40 B -

Moderate

Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing out of retaining wall.


None 22 20 -

57


9.5 4 5 1.5 3.5 278 2 0.5 0 S Middle aged Fair Fair 3.3 20-40 B -

Moderate

Epicormic growth. Growing out of retaining wall. 2x codominant stems from ground level.


None 22 20 -

58 Ash Fraxinus

13 6 4.5 5 3 367 5 2 0 S Middle aged Fair Fair 4.4 20-40 B -

Moderate

Multiple stems from ground level.

Remove crossing / rubbing branches. None 23 18 C

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

excelsior Crossing / rubbing branches. Growing out of retaining wall.

59


10 2 1.5 1.5 3.5 200 1 1.5 0.5 NE


Moderate

No major visible defects. Asymmetric crown spread.


None 22 20 -


8 5.5 1 1.5 3.5 160 1 0 0.5 W Young Fair Fair 1.9 10-20 C - Low No major visible defects. No tree works required at the present time.

None 24 20 -

61


7.5 2.5 0.5 2 1.5 200 1 1 1 N Mature Fair Fair 2.4 10-20 C - Low Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy.


None 10 8 -

62


14.5 2.5 4 1.5 6.5 450 1 2.5 2.5 W Mature Fair Fair 5.4 20-40 B - Moderate

Deadwood. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 B

63


15.5 3.5 3.5 3 4.5 480 1 2.5 2.5 S Mature Fair Fair 5.8 20-40 B - Moderate

Minor stem decay which appears insignificant. Ivy starting to climb the stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy.


Low 22 20 -


8 1.5 1 1 2.5 410 1 1 1 W Mature Poor Poor 4.9 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Extensive stem decay. Cavity in stem. Dead stem with little live

Turn into 2.5m wildlife monolith.

Moderate 24 20 B

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

canopy.

65


13 1.5 3 3 3 280 1 1.5 2.5 W Middle aged Fair Fair 3.4 20-40 B -


Low 22 20 -

66


9 2 1 3.5 2 160 1 2.5 2.5 E Young Fair Fair 1.9 20-40 C - Low

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Top previously snapped out.


None 22 20 -

67


15 3 3 3.5 4.5 400 1 2.5 2.5 SE Mature Fair Fair 4.8 20-40 B - Moderate

No major visible defects. Ivy clad stem.


Low 22 20 -

68


13.5 7 2 3.5 7.5 480 1 3.5 3.5 N Mature Poor Poor 5.8 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Ivy starting to climb the stem. Large diameter deadwood in crown. Dieback in crown.


69


14 2.5 3 2.5 5.5 470 1 3.5 3.5 NE Mature Poor Poor 5.6 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Ivy starting to climb the stem. Large diameter deadwood in crown. Dieback in crown.


70 Sycamore 15.5 1.5 3 2.5 3.5 380 1 9 9 SW Middle

aged Fair Fair 4.6 20-40 B - Moderate

Ivy starting to climb the stem.

No tree works required at the Low 22 20 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Acer pseudoplatanus


present time.

71


15.5 3 4 3 6 530 1 1 5 NW Mature Fair Fair 6.4 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 B

72


16 2.5 3.5 2.5 4 390 1 3 3 SW Mature Fair Fair 4.7 20-40 B - Moderate

No major visible defects. Ivy starting to climb the stem.


Low 22 20 -

73


14.5 2 2 1 4 280 1 5 4 S Mature Fair Fair 3.4 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

74


16.5 4.5 3.5 3 4.5 500 1 2 2 S Mature Fair Fair 6 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

75


13.5 3 2 8 0 380 1 3.5 3.5 SE Mature Fair Fair 4.6 20-40 B - Moderate

Low bud/leaf density. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 -

76


16.5 2 3 6.5 1 430 1 2.5 2.5 E Mature Fair Fair 5.2 20-40 B - Moderate

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 -

77


15.5 4.5 3 2.5 3.5 460 1 6 5 S Mature Fair Fair 5.5 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

78


12 3 2 5 3 350 1 2.5 1.5 W Mature Fair Fair 4.2 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

79 Sycamore 16 4.5 1 1.5 3.5 350 1 3 3 N Mature Poor Fair 4.2 20-40 C - Low Ivy starting to climb the Remove as part of Low 22 20 B

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Acer pseudoplatanus

stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.

site management.

80


16 2.5 2 1 3 290 1 5 3.5 SW Mature Poor Fair 3.5 10-20 C - Low

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


81


16 4 2.5 4 2.5 450 1 4.5 4.5 NW Mature Fair Fair 5.4 20-40 B -

Moderate



Low 22 20 -

82


16.5 3.5 3.5 1 6.5 460 1 2 3.5 W Mature Fair Fair 5.5 20-40 B - Moderate

No major visible defects. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 -

83 Beech Fagus sylvatica

15 7.5 5.5 4 9 645 2 1.5 1.5 NW Mature Fair Poor 7.7 10-20 C - Low

Extensive stem decay. 2x codominant stems from ground level.


84


15.5 2.5 3.5 2.5 3 390 1 4.5 4.5 SW Mature Poor Fair 4.7 10-20 C - Low

Deadwood. Dieback in crown.


85 Sycamore 18 2 4.5 1 4 380 1 5 2.5 Mature Fair Fair 4.6 20-40 B -

Moderate Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in

No tree works required at the Low 22 20 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Acer pseudoplatanus

canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.

present time.

86


16.5 2 3 1.5 3.5 370 1 3 3 SW Mature Fair Fair 4.4 20-40 B - Moderate

Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


Low 22 20 -

87


17 2 2 2 3 430 1 3 3 SW Mature Fair Fair 5.2 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

88


18 3.5 3 5.5 2 560 1 12 12 SE Mature Fair Fair 6.7 20-40 B - Moderate

Large diameter deadwood in crown.


Low 23 18 B

89


16.5 2.5 4.5 6 3 470 1 2 2 S Mature Fair Fair 5.6 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

90


15.5 0 7.5 7 4 500 1 3 4.5 E Mature Fair Fair 6 20-40 B - Moderate

Leans to the south. Ivy starting to climb the stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy.


Low 22 20 -

91


17 3.5 4.5 2.5 5 540 1 3.5 3.5 S Mature Fair Fair 6.5 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

92


14.5 2.5 2.5 3 9.5 480 1 1.5 2.5 W Mature Fair Fair 5.8 20-40 B - Moderate

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in


Low 22 20 B

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.

93


15 2.5 2 4 5 360 1 1.5 0 W Mature Fair Fair 4.3 20-40 B - Moderate

Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. 1x subdominant from ground level.


Low 22 20 B

94 Beech Fagus sylvatica

13.5 4.5 4.5 2 5 470 1 1 2.5 NW


Moderate

Metal wire girdling and included in stem. Fencing attached to stem. Decay pocket present at approximately 1.5m on west flank, extent of decay unknown.

Sever wire. Low 20 20 C

95


17 4.5 4.5 0 5.5 520 1 7.5 7.5 N Mature Fair Fair 6.2 20-40 B - Moderate

Large diameter deadwood in crown. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Metal wire included in stem. Stem injury on west flank from ground level to approximately 1.3m, appears to be occluding well.


Low 22 20 B

96

Horse Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum

11 5 6.5 4.5 5.5 430 1 0.5 2.5 W Middle aged Fair Fair 5.2 20-40 B -


Low 20 20 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

97


20 6 5 4.5 4.5 760 1 2.5 0.5 NE Mature Fair Fair 9.1 40+ B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Deadwood. Metal wires included in stem.


Low 22 20 -

98




Extensive stem decay. Dead stem without canopy. Fencing attached to stem.


Low 22 20 -

99


19 4.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 490 1 2.5 2 N Mature Fair Fair 5.9 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 -

100


11 2 3.5 6 3 334 2 2.5 2.5 S Middle aged Poor Fair 4 10-20 C - Low

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Low bud/leaf density. 2x codominant stems from ground level.


101


17 2 5 5 3 410 1 5 3.5 S Middle aged Poor Fair 4.9 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Fencing attached to stem.


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

102


15 3 2.5 6 2.5 480 1 2.5 2.5 NW

Middle aged Fair Fair 5.8 10-20 C - Low

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Dieback in crown. Fencing attached to stem.


Low 22 20 B

103


13 1.5 2.5 3 3 260 1 2 2 S Middle aged Fair Fair 3.1 20-40 B -

Moderate



None 22 20 -

104


14.5 4 4.5 6 1.5 540 1 2 2 NE Mature Fair Fair 6.5 40+ B - Moderate

Leans to the northeast. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy.


Low 22 20 -

105


15.5 4 4.5 2.5 3 532 3 1.5 0 E Mature Fair Poor 6.4 40+ B - Moderate

2x subdominant stems from ground level. Southern subdominant has extensive stem decay. Minor browsing damage.

Remove southern subdominant. Low 22 20 B

106


13.5 2 3.5 3.5 4.5 470 1 2.5 2.5 W Mature Fair Fair 5.6 20-40 B - Moderate Deadwood.


Low 22 20 B

107


17 3 1.5 2.5 2.5 550 1 3 3 NW Mature Dead Dead 6.6 <10


Dead tree with canopy over hanging water treatment.

Remove as part of site management and in the interests of safety regardless of any development.

Moderate 22 20 A

108




Dead stem without canopy. Supported by adjacent


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

fencing.

109 Elder Sambucus nigra

8 1.5 4.5 0 3 247 2 2.5 0.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 3 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems below 1.5m. Asymmetric crown spread. Abuts stone wall and conflicts with adjacent fencing.



8 1.5 4 0.5 2.5 191 3 2 0 N Middle aged Fair Fair 2.3 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


None 10 8 -


6.5 2 4 2.5 4 245 3 2 0 N Middle aged Fair Fair 2.9 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


None 10 8 -

112


15 1.5 3.5 3 3.5 470 1 3 3 SE Mature Poor Poor 5.6 <10


In decline. Deadwood. Dieback in crown.


113 Crack Willow Salix fragilis

19 9.5 5 4 4 635 4 3 3 N Mature Fair Fair 7.6 20-40 B - Moderate

Multiple stems from ground level. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. 1x stem dead from base.

Remove dead stem. Low 24 14 A

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority


17.5 2.5 7 2.5 3 350 1 1 3 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 4.2 20-40 B -

Moderate

Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


None 24 14 -


14 1 1.5 0 5 180 1 9 9 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 2.2 10-20 C - Low

Leans to the southwest. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing in pond.


None 24 14 -


16.5 0.5 4 3 1.5 210 1 7 7 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.5 20-40 B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


None 24 14 -


17.5 1 4 1.5 3 270 1 4.5 4.5 SW


Moderate

No major visible defects. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


None 24 14 -

118 Crack Willow 8 0 9 0 3 216 2 1 2.5 S Middle

aged Fair Fair 2.6 20-40 B - Moderate

Leans heavily to the south.


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Salix fragilis Growing in pond. 1x dominant and 1x subdominant stem from ground level.


12 2 0 13 0 353 3 1 2.5 S Middle aged Fair Poor 4.2 20-40 C - Low

Poor quality individual of low value. Leans heavily to the northeast. Multiple stems from ground level. Deadwood. Growing in pond.



16 6 10 2 5 889 9 0 0 N Mature Fair Poor 10.7 20-40 B - Moderate

Multiple stems from ground level. Deadwood. Growing on pond edge. Fractured stem on southern flank. Sprawling individual.

Crown clean to remove the deadwood. Remove fractured stem.

None 24 14 B

121


11 3.5 1.5 5 4 300 1 2 2 NE Middle aged Poor Fair 3.6 20-40 C - Low

Low bud/leaf density. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


None 22 20 -

122


12 2.5 2 2 2 220 1 3 3 E Middle aged Fair Fair 2.6 20-40 B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


None 22 20 -

123


12 1 6 5 2.5 310 1 3 3 SE Middle aged Fair Poor 3.7 20-40 C - Low

Crown distorted due to group pressure. Extensive browsing


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

damage to stem. Stem divides at approximately 2m before the two stems come back into contact conflicting with each other.

124


11.5 1.5 1 1 1.5 130 1 5 5 N Young Fair Fair 1.6 20-40 C - Low Etiolated specimen. No tree works required at the present time.

None 22 20 -

125


11 2.5 2 1.5 2.5 239 2 1.5 1.5 W Middle aged Fair Fair 2.9 20-40 B -

Moderate

Crown distorted due to group pressure. 2x codominant from ground level.


None 22 20 -

126


10 1 4.5 1.5 2.5 250 1 2 2 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 3 20-40 B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Crown distorted due to group pressure.


None 22 20 -

127


12 3 4.5 3 3 350 1 2 2 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 4.2 20-40 B -


None 22 20 -

128


14 4 2 3.5 2.5 440 1 2 1 N Middle aged Fair Poor 5.3 <10


Extensive stem decay. Remove as part of site management. None 22 20 A

129


12 1.5 2 4 3.5 355 3 2 2 W Middle aged Fair Poor 4.3 10-20 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Abuts wall. Pruned harshly with stems severed to provide clearance for adjacent service wires.


130 Sycamore Acer

13 3 4.5 5 3 370 1 1 0 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 4.4 20-40 B -

Moderate

Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires.

Maintain clearance from adjacent service wires.

None 22 20 C

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

pseudoplatanus 1x subdominant from ground level.

131


13.5 6.5 2.5 2.5 3 55 1 4.5 4.5 NE Mature Fair Fair 0.7 20-40 B -

Moderate

Hanging branches in crown. Deadwood. Bark wound on southern flank from approximately 1.2 to 2.4m, appears to be occluding well.

Remove broken/hanging branches.

Low 22 20 C

132


14.5 1.5 4 2.5 3 430 1 7 1 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 5.2 20-40 B -

Moderate

Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires.


None 22 20 C

133


4.5 2 2.5 1.5 3.5 200 1 1.5 1.5 NW Mature Fair Fair 2.4 10-20 C - Low

Crossing / rubbing branches. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Browsing damage on stem.


None 10 8 -

134


15 6 8 6 3 540 1 3 3.5 N Mature Poor Fair 6.5 <10


In decline. Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Low bud/leaf density. Extensive browsing damage to stem.


135 Beech 13.5 5.5 3.5 3 5 470 1 1.5 1.5 S Mature Fair Fair 5.6 20-40 B -

Moderate Crossing / rubbing branches.

Maintain clearance from adjacent service None 20 20 C

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Fagus sylvatica Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires.

wires.

136


13.5 5.5 2 3 4 480 1 3 3 NE Mature Poor Fair 5.8 10-20 C - Low Deadwood. Crown clean to remove the deadwood.

Low 22 20 B

137 Lime Tilia spp.

10.5 2.5 2 2.5 3 210 1 2 0.5 NE Young Fair Fair 2.5 20-40 B -


None -

138


11.5 2.5 4.5 2.5 2 430 1 7.5 0.5 SE Mature Fair Fair 5.2 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 C

139 Sorbus Sorbus spp.

8.5 2.5 0.5 2 2 320 1 2.5 3 W Middle aged Fair Poor 3.8 10-20 C - Low

Ivy starting to climb the stem. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires leaving poor form and poor aesthetics.



11 2 2.5 1.5 3 0 0 2 0 E Middle aged Fair Poor 0 10-20 C - Low

Poor quality individual of low value. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires with stems severed. Tree lies prostrate with branches appearing visually as individual trees.


141


12 3.5 3 3.5 2 390 1 2 2 E Mature Poor Fair 4.7 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Large diameter deadwood in crown. Dieback in crown.


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

142


11 3.5 1.5 2.5 2 380 1 3.5 3.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 4.6 20-40 B -

Moderate Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires.


None 22 20 C

143 Lime Tilia spp.

12 5 3 3 4 420 2 1.5 2 N Middle aged Fair Fair 5 20-40 B -

Moderate

Crossing / rubbing branches. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires. Growing adjacent to drainage ditch. 1x subdominant from ground level.


None 22 16 C

144


11.5 5 2.5 4 2 490 1 5 2.5 N Mature Poor Poor 5.9 <10


In decline. Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Low bud/leaf density. Growing adjacent to drainage ditch.


145


12 3 2.5 5 1.5 510 1 2.5 3 SE Mature Fair Poor 6.1 10-20 C - Low

Extensive browsing damage to lower stem. Dead ivy clinging to tree. Basal and stem decay evident.


146


10.5 3 1 4 2.5 360 1 1.5 1 N Middle aged Fair Fair 4.3 20-40 B -

Moderate

Asymmetric crown spread. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires.


None 22 20 C

147


6.5 2.5 1 1 1.5 200 1 2.5 2.5 W Middle aged Fair Poor 2.4 10-20 C - Low

Basal decay. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires, stem severed leaving poor


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

quality individual of low value.

148


3.5 1 0.5 1.5 1 110 1 1.5 1.5 E Young Poor Poor 1.3 <10


Poor quality individual of low value. Young tree severed at 3m to give clearance for adjacent service wires. Browsing damage to stem.


149


12.5 3 2 3.5 1 369 3 2.5 0.5 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 4.4 20-40 B -

Moderate

Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires with subdominant stems severed. 1x dominant and 2x subdominant stems from approximately 0.5m. Subdominant stems inosculated. Browsing damage to stem.

Maintain clearance from adjacent service wires. Remove severed subdominant stems.

None 23 18 B

150


3.5 0.5 2 2 1 200 1 1.5 1.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.4 10-20 C - Low

Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires leaving stem severed at around 3m. Minor browsing damage.


151


3.5 1 1.5 1.5 0 190 1 1.5 1.5 S Middle aged Fair Poor 2.3 10-20 C - Low

Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires leaving stem severed at around 3m. Extensive browsing damage.


152


13 3 3.5 3.5 2.5 420 1 2 3 W Mature Fair Fair 5 20-40 B - Moderate



Low 22 20 C

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority


153


13 4.5 3 5 4 530 1 3 4 N Mature Poor Fair 6.4 <10


In decline. Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Low bud/leaf density. Bark wounding on southern flank from ground level to approximately 0.8m.


154


4.5 2 2 2 2.5 230 1 2 2 W Middle aged Fair Poor 2.8 10-20 C - Low

Poor quality individual of low value. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires leaving severed stem with regenerative growth.


155


2.5 0 0 0 0 170 1 0 0 N Middle aged Fair Poor 2 <10


Poor quality individual of low value. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires leaving severed stem with regenerative growth eaten by browsing horses.


156


4.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 160 1 2.5 2.5 S Middle aged Fair Poor 1.9 <10


Poor quality individual of low value. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires leaving severed stem. Extensive browsing damage to stem.


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

157


13 2 5 2 2 350 1 4 4 W Middle aged Fair Fair 4.2 10-20 B -

Moderate

Deadwood. Asymmetric crown spread. Previously pruned to clear adjacent service wires.


Low 22 20 C

158


7 1.5 2 3 1.5 172 2 2 2 SW Young Poor Fair 2.1 <10


2x codominant stems from ground level. Extensive browsing damage to stems.


159


6.5 1.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 130 1 2 2 S Young Poor Fair 1.6 <10


Poor quality individual of low value. Extensive browsing damage to stem.


160


13.5 7.5 5.5 5 3 540 1 3 4.5 NE Mature Fair Fair 6.5 20-40 B -

Moderate

Dense ivy prevents a thorough inspection of all aerial parts. Deadwood.

Sever and strip ivy conducting inspection in process.

Moderate 22 20 A


15 4 4.5 10 0 420 1 2 3.5 NE Mature Fair Fair 5 20-40 B -

Moderate

Leans to the northeast. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Growing on pond edge.


Low 24 14 -


14 0 5.5 2 2 210 1 3 3 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.5 20-40 B -

Moderate

Leans to the south. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Growing on pond edge.


Low 24 14 -


16.5 1.5 4 2 2 300 1 4 4 S Middle aged Fair Fair 3.6 20-40 B -

Moderate



Low 24 14 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Growing on pond edge.


16.5 8 2 3 5 476 4 5 2 N Middle aged Fair Fair 5.7 20-40 B -

Moderate

Leans to the over the pond. Multiple stems from ground level. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Growing on pond edge.


Low 24 14 -

165


6 2 1.5 1.5 2 100 2 1.5 1.5 N Young Fair Fair 1.2 20-40 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Growing on pond edge. Regenerative growth from coppiced stump.


None 22 20 -

166


7 4 1.5 2 1.5 290 1 5 5 SW Middle aged Poor Poor 3.5 <10


Growing on pond edge. Dead stem with little live growth.



9 5 0 3 3.5 240 1 2 2 W Middle aged Fair Fair 2.9 10-20 C - Low

Leans to the north. Deadwood. Growing in pond. Dimensions estimated due to location.


None 24 14 -


11 8 1.5 8 0 270 1 0.5 1.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 3.2 10-20 C - Low

Leans to the northeast. Deadwood. Growing on pond edge.


None 24 14 -

169 Hawthorn Crataegus

4 8 0 2.5 3 330 1 0 0 N Mature Poor Poor 4 <10 U - Unsuitable for

Tree has failed at ground level and is lying in pond beneath failed


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

monogyna retention neighbouring tree.


15 9 8 13 8.5 1098 8 0 0 N Mature Fair Poor 13.2 <10


Multiple stems from ground level. Tree has failed leaving only one standing stem.



7 1 6 13 0 240 1 0 0 N Middle aged Fair Poor 2.9 10-20 C - Low

Tree failed at ground level. Growing on pond edge.



14 8 3.5 6.5 2 468 2 1 2 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 5.6 20-40 B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Growing on pond edge. 2x codominant stems from ground level.


None 24 14 -


15.5 7.5 2 3 3.5 400 1 1.5 4 SW Middle aged Fair Fair 4.8 20-40 B -

Moderate

Growing on pond edge. Ivy clad trunk. Leaning over pond.


None 24 14 -


15 5 4 6 3 332 2 2.5 2.5 SW

Middle aged Fair Fair 4 20-40 B -

Moderate

Growing on pond edge. 2x codominant stems from ground level. Stem decay present in north east stem.


None 24 14 -


16 2.5 2 3.5 2 0 0 4 4 W Middle aged Fair Fair 0 20-40 B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Growing on pond edge.


None 24 14 -


13 7 0 6 0 240 1 6 6 NE Middle aged Fair Poor 2.9 20-40 C - Low

Leans heavily to the northeast. Growing on pond edge.



16.5 6 5.5 8 6 503 2 3 3 SW Mature Fair Fair 6 20-40 B - Moderate

No major visible defects. Ivy starting to climb the stem.


None 24 14 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Growing on pond edge. 2x codominant stems from ground level.

178


8 1.5 2 2 4.5 120 1 1.5 2 E Young Fair Fair 1.4 <10


Extensive browsing damage to stem. Growing beneath canopy of adjacent willow.


179


8.5 2 2 0 4 210 1 2 2 W Middle aged Fair Fair 2.5 10-20 C - Low

Crown distorted due to group pressure. Browsing damage to stem.


None 22 20 -

180


11.5 3.5 1 0.5 3.5 200 1 2.5 2.5 NW

Middle aged Fair Poor 2.4 10-20 C - Low

Extensive stem decay. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Browsing damage to stem.


181


12 1.5 1.5 4 1 259 3 6 6 E Middle aged Fair Fair 3.1 20-40 C - Low

Multiple stems from ground level. Ivy clad stems. Growing on pond edge.


Low 22 20 -

182


11 1.5 0 3 1 149 2 2.5 2.5 N Middle aged Fair Fair 1.8 10-20 C - Low

2x codominant stems from ground level, eastern stem ivy clad. Growing on pond edge.


Low 22 20 -

183


9.5 1 1 1 2.5 100 1 5 5 W Young Poor Fair 1.2 <10


Poor quality individual of low value. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


184 Sycamore 9.5 2.5 1 0 3.5 150 1 2.5 2.5 W Young Fair Fair 1.8 10-20 C - Low Growing on pond edge. No tree works None 22 20 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Acer pseudoplatanus

Browsing damage to stem.

required at the present time.

185


7 1.5 0.5 0 1.5 100 1 3.5 3.5 N Young Poor Fair 1.2 10-20 C - Low

Low bud/leaf density. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


186


9 1.5 . 0 2 120 1 5 5 NW Young Poor Fair 1.4 <10


Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Low bud/leaf density. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


187


8 2 0.5 1 2 100 1 2 2 N Young Fair Fair 1.2 10-20 C - Low

Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


188


8 1 1 1 2 80 1 4 4 NW Young Poor Fair 1 10-20 C - Low




5 2 1 1.5 0.5 110 1 0.5 2 NW Middle aged Fair Fair 1.3 10-20 C - Low



None 10 8 B


4 2.5 1 2.5 0.5 90 1 1.5 1.5 NW

Middle aged Fair Fair 1.1 10-20 C - Low



None 10 8 B

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Growing on pond edge.

191


4 1 2 1 2.5 90 1 2 2 SW Young Poor Fair 1.1 <10


In decline. Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Growing on pond edge.


192


13 1.5 5.5 2.5 4 210 1 6 2 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.5 20-40 B -

Moderate

No major visible defects. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


Low 23 18 -

193


11 0 5 2 2 160 1 4 4 S Middle aged Fair Fair 1.9 10-20 C - Low




14.5 5 7 7.5 6.5 666 4 2 3 NW Mature Fair Poor 8 20-40 B - Moderate

Multiple stems from ground level. Decay column present in northeast stem.

Remove decaying limb. Low 24 14 B


6 6 0 12 0 214 2 0 0 E Middle aged Poor Poor 2.6 <10


Growing on pond edge. Failed at ground level and supported by neighbouring tree.


196


6.5 2 1 1 2 80 1 2 2 W Young Poor Fair 1 10-20 C - Low Growing on pond edge. Browsing damage to stem.


197


8.5 1.5 2.5 1 2.5 140 1 2.5 2.5 W Young Poor Poor 1.7 10-20 C - Low

Poor quality individual of low value. Growing on pond edge.


198 Sycamore Acer

8.5 1.5 4 1 3.5 150 1 2.5 2.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 1.8 10-20 C - Low



None 22 20 -

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

pseudoplatanus Growing on pond edge.


14 7 0 6 1 269 2 6 6 N Middle aged Fair Poor 3.2 10-20 C - Low

Asymmetric crown spread. Growing on pond edge. 2x codominant stems from ground level. Failed at base and supported by neighbouring tree.


200


9 3.5 2 4 2 350 1 2 2.5 E Middle aged Fair Fair 4.2 20-40 B -

Moderate

Multiple stems below 1.5m. Asymmetric crown spread; canopy distorted due to group pressure.


None 22 20 -

201


10.5 2 3.5 4.5 2 200 1 2 2.5 W Middle aged Fair Fair 2.4 20-40 B -

Moderate

Deadwood. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


None 22 20 -

202


9 2 2 3.5 3 230 1 3 3 N Middle aged Poor Fair 2.8 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Browsing damage to stem.


203


10 2.5 2.5 2 2.5 210 1 2 2 S Middle aged Poor Poor 2.5 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Deadwood.


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Dieback in crown. Growing on pond edge.


16 4 11 7 6 640 1 0.5 4 SW Mature Fair Fair 7.7 20-40 B - Moderate

Broken / hanging branches in crown. Growing on pond edge. Leaning over pond.


Low 24 14 -


13 0 5 2 2.5 210 1 5.5 5.5 S Middle aged Fair Fair 2.5 20-40 B -

Moderate

Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


Low 24 14 -


15 2 4.5 6.5 1.5 250 1 2 4 S Middle aged Fair Fair 3 20-40 B -

Moderate

Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy. Crown distorted due to group pressure. Growing on pond edge.


Low 24 14 -

207


8 2.5 1.5 2 2 210 1 3 3 E Middle aged Poor Poor 2.5 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Extensive stem decay. Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Low bud/leaf density.


208


7 0.5 1 0.5 0.5 170 1 3.5 3.5 SW

Middle aged Poor Poor 2 <10


In decline. Poor quality individual of low value. Extensive stem decay.


AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Deadwood. Dieback in crown. Low bud/leaf density.

209


18 10 12.5 5.5 9.5 930 1 2 2 N Mature Fair Fair 11.2 40+ A -High

Feature tree. Prominent specimen. No major visible defects. Minor/small diameter deadwood retained in canopy.


Low 20 20 -

210


12 1 5 3.5 2 320 1 3.5 3.5 SE Middle aged Fair Fair 3.8 <10


Deadwood. Low bud/leaf density. Asymmetric crown spread.


211 Lime Tilia spp.

7 4 1.5 3 1 410 1 2.5 2.5 NE Mature Poor Poor 4.9 <10


Dead stem with little live canopy.


212


12 6.5 11.5 7 10.

5 930 1 0 1.5 SW Mature Fair Poor 11.2 10-20 C - Low

Extensive stem decay. Broken / hanging branches and deadwood in crown. Deadwood. Top previously snapped out. Cavity formation evident in stem. Exudation and flaking bark indicative of bleeding canker.

Crown clean to remove the deadwood and remove any broken / hanging branches. Retain for the short term, conducting annual inspection, ensuring appropriate management techniques are carried out.

Moderate 20 20 A

213 Horse Chestnut 9 5 12 18 0 980 1 0 0 N Mature Fair Poor 11.8 <10 U - Tree has failed at ground Remove as part of Low 20 20 A

AllAboutTrees

Tree No.


Height (M)

Crown Spread (M)

N S E W

Trunk Dia (MM)

No. Of Stems










Priority

Aesculus hippocastanum

Unsuitable for retention

level and is lying prostrate. site management.

Hedgerows

1

Privet Ligustrum ovalifolium

4.5 0 0 0 0 150 1 2.5 2.5 N Middle aged Fair Fair 1.8 20-40 C - Low

Remnant of privet hedge, unmanaged and overgrown. Hedgerow continues beyond boundary into neighbouring property.


None 6 6 -

Groups

1


4.5 0 0 0 0 250 1 0 0 N Middle aged Fair Fair 3 10-20 C - Low

Small group of multi stemmed laburnum. Stems have been severed in past to provide clearance for adjacent service wires.


None 12 10 -


6 0 0 0 0 300 1 0 0 N Middle aged Fair Fair 3.6 10-20 C - Low Elder understorey.


None 10 8 -

3

Elder, Sycamore, Beech, Salix Sambucus nigra, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Salix spp.

18 0 0 0 0 650 1 0 0 N Mature Fair Fair 7.8 20-40 B -

Moderate

Narrow strip of trees growing between site boundary and adjacent track.


Low 22 20 -

A p p e n d i x 2 ( 1 )

G l o s s a r y o f T e r m s

1 Reference number: An individual identifying number 2 Species: Species identification is based on visual field observations and lists the common name. In some cases the botanical name will be used where there is no common alternative. On in-depth surveys the botanical name only may be used 3 Height: Height is estimated to the nearest metre. On computerised surveys this may be within a range of heights. When measured height is required, a clinometer is used to measure to the nearest metre 4 Diameter: Trunk diameter measured at 1.5 metres from ground level and recorded in millimetres. In some surveys this is indicated as a range 5 Spread: Measurement of canopy from the trunk to the nearest metre in four directions, North, South, East, and West in metres 6 Lower crown Height in metres of crown clearance above adjacent ground level

Clearance: 7 Age : Either an estimate (or statement if accurately known) of the age of the tree, classified as:

Y = Young tree, established tree usually up to one third of expected ultimate height & spread

MA = middle aged, usually between one third and two thirds of ultimate height & spread

M = Mature, more or less at full height but still increasing in girth & spread OM = Over mature, grown to full size and becoming senescent,

V = Veteran tree, individuals surviving beyond the typical age range for the species 8 Physiological Good = Healthy tree with good vitality, Condition: Fair = Moderate health and vitality normal or slightly less for species and age

Poor = Poor shape or form - signs of decline in crown, may have structural weakness. Dead = dead or dying tree

9 Structural Good = No visible structural defects Condition: Fair = Only minor structural defects Poor = Defects which may need to be rectified or regularly monitored Remove = Severe defects which may result in immanent failure or collapse 10 Management General comments on the condition of the tree or group and any action required. Recommendations: potential for wildlife habitats 11 Estimated Safe Useful Life Expectancy (SULE): in some cases the age ranges are modified Remaining Short: 0 – 10years Medium: 10– 20 Years Contribution: Intermediate: 20-40 Long: 40 + years

12 Tree Quality: Assessment of tree quality see following cascade chart for details 13 Priority: A - Works to achieve an acceptable level of safety or required to facilitate the development

B - Works to achieve higher levels of arboricultural management. C - To improve the aesthetic appearance.

14 Ultimate Size: Taken from Arboriculture Research Note 8490ARB or NHBC Standards Chapter 4.2 as appropriate The Normal Ultimate Height in an Urban Situation in metres. Ultimate spread of the Crown in metres.

15 Root Protection The distance at which the protective barrier should be erected measured in a radii Area: from the centre of the trunk in metres. 16 Pruning: Pruning shall be defined as the removal of living or dead parts of a plant by the

Contractor. Such parts may be soft growth, twigs, branches, limbs or sections of the tree trunk. The cut material may vary from small to large in size.

AllAboutTrees

17 Crown Cleaning: Cleaning out is defined as the removal of dead, dying or diseased branchwood,

broken branches or stubs left from previous tree surgery operations (see also 16 Deadwooding) together with all unwanted objects, which may include ivy (if specified) and/or other climbing plants, nails, redundant cable bracing, rope swings, tree houses and windblown rubbish from the tree, and any such debris from any cavities within the tree.

18 Deadwood Removal: Dead-wooding shall be defined as the removal of all dead and dying branches and

limbs from the tree. 19 Crown Lifting: Crown lifting shall be defined as the removal of all soft growth and branches or

parts thereof which are below or which extend below the height specified in the tender documents. It is recognised that the resultant canopy base might not be one single level but might be stepped to allow for different clearances, for example where a tree overhangs both the footway and the road where different height clearances are required.

20 Crown Reduction: Crown reduction shall be defined as the reduction of the complete outline

dimension of the canopy, from the tips of limbs and branches to the main trunk, by pruning growth to an acceptable branch, twig or but to leave a flowing silhouette.

Appendix 2(11) Cascade Chart For Assessing Tree Quality

Category and definition

Trees to be considered for retention

Criteria – Subcategories Identification on plan

1. Mainly arboricultural values 2. Mainly landscape values 3. Mainly cultural values,

including conservation Category High = A Trees of high quality with an estimated remaining life expectancy of at least 40 years

Trees that are particularly good examples of their species, especially, if rare or unusual, or those that are essential components of groups, or of formal or semi-formal arboricultural features (e.g. the dominant and/or principal trees within an avenue)

Trees, groups or woodlands of particular visual importance as arboricultural and/or landscape features

Trees, groups or woodlands of significant conservation historical, commemorative or other value (e.g. veteran trees or wood – pasture)

Green

Category Moderate = B Trees of moderate quality with an estimated remaining life expectancy of at least 20 years

Trees that might be included in category A, but are downgraded because of impaired condition (e.g. presence of significant though remediable defects including unsympathetic past management and storm damage), such that they are unlikely to be suitable for retention for beyond 40 years; or trees lacking the special quality necessary to merit the category A designation

Trees present in numbers, usually growing as groups or woodlands, such that they attract a higher collective rating than they might as individuals; or trees occurring as collectives but situated so as to make little visual contribution to the wider locality

Trees with material conservation or other cultural value

Blue

Category Low = C Trees of low quality with an estimated remaining life expectancy of at least 10 years; or young trees with a stem diameter below 150mm

Unremarkable trees of very limited merit or such impaired condition that they do not qualify in higher categories

Trees present in groups or woodlands, but without this conferring on them significantly greater collective landscape value, and/ or trees offering low or only temporary/transient landscape benefits

Trees with no material conservation or other cultural benefits

Yellow

NOTE Whilst C category trees will usually not be retained where they would impose a significant constraint on development, young trees with a stem diameter of less than 150mm should be considered for relocation

Category = U Trees unsuitable for retention

Those of such a condition that they cannot realistically be retained as living trees in the context of the current land use for longer than 10 years

• Trees that have a serious, irremediable, structural defect, such that their early loss is expected due to collapse, including those that will become unviable after removal of other U category trees (i.e. where, for whatever reason, the loss of companion shelter cannot be mitigated by pruning)

• Trees that are dead or are showing signs of significant, immediate and irreversible overall decline

• Trees infected with pathogens of significance to the health and/or safety of other trees nearby (e.g. Dutch elm disease) or

very low quality trees suppressing adjacent trees of better quality • Habitat reinstatement may be appropriate (e.g. U category trees used as a bat roost- installation of bat box in nearby tree)

Red

AllAboutTrees A r b o r i c u l t u r a l & E c o l o g i c a l C o n s u l t a n c y C h a r t e r e d A r b o r i c u l t u r a l i s t s & E n v i r o n m e n t a l i s t s

Unit B10 Durham Dales Centre Castle Gardens

Stanhope Co Durham DL13 2FJ

Telephone 0191 3739494 / 01388 529200 Facsimile 01388 529200

Email – [email protected]

www.allabouttrees.co.uk

Registered in England & Wales No. 5301671 Registered Office: Unit B10 Durham Dales Centre, Castle Gardens, Stanhope,

Co Durham DL13 2FJ

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