for real pre_intermediate sample unit

pre-intermediateMartyn Hobbs and Julia Starr Keddlewith Katherine Stannett and Rob Nicholas

[1-6] FR2SB Prelims INT.indd 1 30/05/11 08:29

SAMPLE

Contents

MO

DU

LE 1

G

OIN

G A

WAY

UN

ITFU

NCT

ION

S &

R

EA

L C

OM

MU

NIC

ATIO

NG

RA

MM

AR

VOCA

BU

LAR

YSK

ILLS

, STR

ATE

GIE

S, P

RO

NU

NC

IATI

ON

INTE

RC

ULT

UR

E,

STO

RY,

CLI

L, S

ON

GTO

WA

RD

S E

XA

MS

1G

ap y

ear

p.8

•Ta

lkin

gab

out

past

exp

erie

nces

•Ta

lkin

gab

out

fixed

fut

ure

even

ts•

Su

mm

er c

amp

ap

plic

atio

ns

•Pa

stp

arti

cipl

es•

Pres

ent

perf

ect

•Pr

esen

tpe

rfec

tw

ith

for

ors

ince

•Pr

esen

tpe

rfec

tv

past

si

mpl

e•

been

and

gon

e•

Pres

ent

sim

ple

for

fixed

fu

ture

eve

nts

•Co

untr

ies

•Ac

tivi

ties

R

ead

ing:

an

arti

cle

abou

tac

tivi

ties

and

adv

ice

for

aga

pye

arLi

sten

ing:

tw

ope

ople

tal

king

abo

utt

heir

gap

yea

rex

peri

ence

sS

pea

kin

g:in

terv

iew

ing

ape

rson

abo

ute

xper

ienc

es

duri

nga

gap

yea

rW

riti

ng:

an

emai

lrel

atin

gga

pye

are

xper

ienc

es

Str

ateg

ies:

rea

ding

for

info

rmat

ion

Pro

nu

nci

atio

n:/

eə/ /

ɪə/

Get

into

cu

ltu

re

Sum

mer

cam

psTo

uris

m

Inte

rcu

ltu

re

The

USA

(LI

NKS

pp.

18-1

9)H

olid

ays

int

heU

SA(

LIN

KS

pp.2

0-21

)

CLI

L M

usic

:His

tory

of

jazz

(L

INKS

pp.

46-4

7)S

on

gEn

glis

hman

inN

ewY

ork

(LIN

KSp

.61)

Trin

ity

ISE

I P

ort

folio

Cor

resp

onde

nce

(SB

p.2

4,p

.25)

PET

Lis

ten

ing

(LIN

KSp

.4)

2N

ew li

ves

p.16

•Ta

lkin

gab

out

the

pres

ent

•As

king

and

tal

king

abo

ut

poss

essi

ons

•Tr

avel

ling

by p

lan

e

•Pr

esen

tpe

rfec

tw

ith

just

•

Pres

ent

perf

ect

wit

hal

read

y•

Pres

ent

perf

ect

wit

hye

t•

still

•W

hose

+p

osse

ssiv

epr

onou

ns

•M

usic

•At

the

air

port

Rea

din

g:a

bro

chur

eab

out

visi

ting

New

Yor

kLi

sten

ing:

thr

eet

ouri

sts

talk

ing

abou

tth

eir

mov

emen

tsin

New

Yor

kS

pea

kin

g:d

iscu

ssin

gch

oice

sof

pla

ces

tov

isit

and

ag

reei

nga

nit

iner

ary,

rep

orti

ngt

oth

ecl

ass

Wri

tin

g:a

3-d

ayg

uide

to

am

ajor

cit

yin

you

rco

untr

yS

trat

egie

s: t

alki

ngin

gro

ups

Pro

nu

nci

atio

n: /

j/ /d

ʒ/

MO

DU

LE 2

F

AC

T O

R F

ICTI

ON

UN

ITFU

NCT

ION

S &

R

EA

L C

OM

MU

NIC

ATIO

NG

RA

MM

AR

VOCA

BU

LAR

YSK

ILLS

, STR

ATE

GIE

S, P

RO

NU

NC

IATI

ON

INTE

RC

ULT

UR

E, S

TOR

Y,

CLI

L, S

ON

GTO

WA

RD

S E

XA

MS

3S

tori

esp.

28

•Ta

lkin

gab

out

the

past

•Te

llin

g st

orie

s•

P ast

con

tinu

ous

vpa

st

sim

ple

•sa

id /

ask

ed +

dir

ect

spee

ch•

whe

n /

whi

le

•Tr

ansp

ort

and

road

sR

ead

ing:

fou

rst

rang

est

orie

sLi

sten

ing:

und

erst

andi

ngin

form

atio

nab

out

Ban

ksy

and

Tate

Bri

tain

Sp

eaki

ng:

tel

ling

stor

ies

prom

pted

by

visu

als

Wri

tin

g:in

vent

ing

stor

ies

Str

ateg

ies:

und

erst

andi

ngv

isua

lsP

ron

un

ciat

ion

: /ɔ

ɪ/ /e

ɪ/

Get

into

cu

ltu

re

Rou

te6

6St

atel

yho

mes

int

heU

KIn

terc

ult

ure

N

ativ

eAm

eric

ans

(LIN

KSp

p.22

-23

)Et

hnic

div

ersi

tyin

the

USA

(LI

NKS

pp

.24-

25)

Sto

ryB

log

(LIN

KSp

p.38

-39)

CLI

LAr

t:M

oder

nar

tm

ovem

ents

(L

INKS

pp.

48-4

9)

Trin

ity

ISE

I In

terv

iew

(S

Bp.

44)

PET

Rea

din

g P

art

5 (S

Bp

.45)

PET

Lis

ten

ing

(LIN

KSp

.6)

4N

ews

p.36

•Ex

pres

sing

pos

sibi

lity

•D

escr

ibin

g a

pic

ture

•

Mod

alv

erbs

:pre

sent

an

dpa

stp

ossi

bilit

y•

Mul

ti-w

ord

verb

s•

Obj

ect

pron

ouns

•Fe

elin

gs•

Pain

ting

sLi

sten

ing:

ay

oung

per

son

answ

erin

gqu

esti

ons

abou

the

rpo

sses

sion

sR

ead

ing:

an

inte

rvie

ww

ith

ayo

ung

man

abo

uth

isp

osse

ssio

nsS

pea

kin

g:a

skin

gan

dan

swer

ing

abou

tpe

rson

alp

osse

ssio

ns

Wri

tin

g:p

repa

ring

ac

lass

blo

gS

trat

egie

s:le

arni

ngn

eww

ords

Pro

nu

nci

atio

n:

linki

ngw

ords


SAMPLE

MO

DU

LE 5

L

IFE

STY

LEU

NIT

FUN

CTIO

NS

&

RE

AL

CO

MM

UN

ICAT

ION

GR

AM

MA

RVO

CAB

ULA

RY

SKIL

LS, S

TRAT

EG

IES,

PR

ON

UN

CIA

TIO

NIN

TER

CU

LTU

RE,

ST

OR

Y, C

LIL,

SO

NG

TOW

AR

DS

EX

AM

S

9W

ork

p.88

•Ta

lkin

gab

out

imag

ined

si

tuat

ions

•H

avin

g a

job

inte

rvie

w

•Se

cond

con

diti

onal

•w

ish

+pa

sts

impl

e/

wis

h +

wou

ld•

Defi

ning

rel

ativ

ecl

ause

s

•Ca

reer

sR

ead

ing:

an

arti

cle

abou

tm

arke

tre

sear

chLi

sten

ing:

an

inte

rvie

ww

ith

ayo

ung

mar

ket

rese

arch

erS

pea

kin

g:d

iscu

ssin

gw

hat

mak

ess

omeo

neb

uys

omet

hing

Wri

tin

g:a

dia

rye

ntry

S

trat

egie

s: u

sing

ad

icti

onar

y(2

)P

ron

un

ciat

ion

:/ɑː

/ /æ

/

Get

into

cu

ltu

rePa

rt-t

ime

jobs

Sayi

ngs

orry

Inte

rcu

ltu

re

Aust

ralia

(LI

NKS

pp.

30-3

1)W

atch

ing

Aust

ralia

nhi

stor

y(L

INKS

pp.

32-3

3)C

LIL

Bus

ines

s:V

iral

mar

keti

ng

PET

Sp

eaki

ng

Par

t 2

(SB

pp.

104)

Trin

ity

ISE

I P

ort

folio

(SB

p.1

05)

PET

Lis

ten

ing

(LIN

KSp

.12)

10S

tud

ent

life

p.96

•Ta

lkin

gab

out

regr

ets

•D

ealin

g w

ith

dif

ficu

lt

situ

atio

ns

•Th

ird

cond

itio

nal

•w

ish

/ sh

ould

hav

e /

ough

t to

hav

e•

Adve

rbia

ls

•M

ulti

-wor

dve

rbs

List

enin

g: u

nder

stan

ding

am

emor

yte

sta

nda

mat

hem

atic

alt

est

Rea

din

g:a

nar

ticl

eab

out

the

hum

anb

rain

Sp

eaki

ng:

dis

cuss

ing

the

solu

tion

to

apu

zzle

Wri

tin

g:w

riti

nga

tex

tfr

omm

emor

yS

trat

egie

s: im

prov

ing

your

mem

ory

and

your

stu

dys

kills

Pro

nu

nci

atio

n: /

s/ /ʃ

/

MO

DU

LE 4

P

EO

PLE

UN

ITFU

NCT

ION

S &

R

EA

L C

OM

MU

NIC

ATIO

NG

RA

MM

AR

VOCA

BU

LAR

YSK

ILLS

, STR

ATE

GIE

S, P

RO

NU

NC

IATI

ON

INTE

RC

ULT

UR

E,

STO

RY,

CLI

L, S

ON

GTO

WA

RD

S E

XA

MS

7S

oci

ety

p.68

•R

epor

ting

wha

tpe

ople

say

•Ta

lkin

gge

nera

lly•

Talk

ing

abou

tha

bits

•M

akin

g re

qu

ests

an

d

excu

ses

•R

epor

ted

spee

ch(

1):

repo

rtin

gst

atem

ents

•R

epor

ting

pre

sent

fac

ts•

Inde

finit

epr

onou

ns•

each

, eve

ry, e

ach

othe

r•

get

used

to/

be u

sed

to

doin

g

•Si

gns

oft

he

Zodi

ac•

Hou

seho

ldc

hore

s•

Crim

ean

dcr

imin

als

Rea

din

g:f

our

shor

tre

port

sof

cri

mes

List

enin

g: a

rad

ior

epor

tab

out

crim

esa

ndy

oung

cri

min

als

int

heU

KS

pea

kin

g:d

iscu

ssin

gpe

rson

ale

xper

ienc

esa

ndc

omm

onc

rim

esin

yo

urc

ount

ryW

riti

ng:

ale

tter

des

crib

ing

bein

gth

evi

ctim

of

acr

ime

Str

ateg

ies:

voc

abul

ary

field

sP

ron

un

ciat

ion

: /g

/ /k/

Get

into

cu

ltu

re

Teen

ager

san

dpa

rent

sSp

eed

dati

ngIn

terc

ult

ure

Eu

rope

:Era

smus

exc

hang

es

(LIN

KSp

p.28

-29)

Sto

ryTh

ele

gend

of

Mul

tnom

ahF

alls

(L

INKS

pp.

40-4

1)C

LIL

Mat

hs:P

roba

bilit

y(L

INKS

pp

.52-

53)

So

ng

You’

veg

ota

fri

end

(LIN

KSp

.63)

PET

Rea

din

g P

art

4 (S

Bp

.84)

P

ET L

iste

nin

g P

art

4 (S

Bp

.85)

PET

Lis

ten

ing

(LIN

KSp

.10)

8Fa

mily

an

d

frie

nd

sp.

76

•R

epor

ting

wha

tso

meo

ne

aske

d•

Rep

orti

ngp

urpo

se•

Talk

ing

abou

t p

et h

ates

•R

epor

ted

spee

ch(

2):

repo

rted

que

stio

ns•

Rep

orti

ngv

erbs

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pres

sing

fe

elin

gs•

Com

mon

ex

pres

sion

s•

Des

crib

ing

peop

le

List

enin

g: t

hree

peo

ple

desc

ribi

ngt

heir

bes

tfr

iend

’sp

hysi

cal

appe

aran

cea

ndc

hara

cter

R

ead

ing:

as

urve

yab

out

frie

ndsh

ipS

pea

kin

g:d

iscu

ssin

gfa

mou

sfr

iend

s,a

ctiv

itie

sw

ith

frie

nds,

the

mos

tim

port

ant

qual

itie

sin

af

rien

dshi

pW

riti

ng:

an

essa

yde

scri

bing

ab

est

frie

ndS

trat

egie

s: im

prov

ing

your

wri

ting

ski

llsP

ron

un

ciat

ion

: /ð

/ /θ/

MO

DU

LE 3

O

NE

WO

RLD

U

NIT

FUN

CTIO

NS

&

RE

AL

CO

MM

UN

ICAT

ION

GR

AM

MA

RVO

CAB

ULA

RY

SKIL

LS, S

TRAT

EG

IES,

PR

ON

UN

CIA

TIO

NIN

TER

CU

LTU

RE,

ST

OR

Y, C

LIL,

SO

NG

TOW

AR

DS

EX

AM

S

5Fu

ture

lif

ep.

48

•Ta

lkin

g ab

out

the

futu

re•

Ever

yday

sit

uat

ion

s•

Com

mu

nic

atin

g w

ith

will

•w

ill (

pred

icti

ons

and

futu

ref

acts

)•

be g

oing

to

vpr

esen

tco

ntin

uous

for

fut

ure

•Sc

ienc

efic

tion

•En

viro

nmen

tal

prob

lem

s

Rea

din

g:a

nar

ticl

eab

out

the

wor

kof

an

envi

ronm

enta

lorg

anis

atio

nLi

sten

ing:

und

erst

andi

nga

tal

kab

out

how

to

help

the

env

iron

men

tS

pea

kin

g:d

iscu

ssin

gpo

lluti

ona

ndr

ubbi

shp

robl

ems

int

helo

cala

rea

Wri

tin

g:d

esig

ning

ap

oste

rfo

ran

env

iron

men

talc

ampa

ign

Str

ateg

ies:

usi

nga

dic

tion

ary

Pro

nu

nci

atio

n: /æ

/ /ɑː

/

Get

into

cu

ltu

re

The

cost

of

bein

ga

teen

Com

mun

icat

ion

int

heU

KIn

terc

ult

ure

Eu

rope

:Uni

tyin

div

ersi

ty

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KSp

p.26

-27)

CLI

LTh

eEn

viro

nmen

t:w

ind

farm

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INKS

pp.

50-5

1)S

on

gs

Bor

nto

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Wild

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NKS

p.6

2)Aq

uari

us(

LIN

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PET

Rea

din

g P

art

3 (S

Bp

.65)

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init

y IS

E I

Po

rtfo

lioW

riti

nga

rep

ort

(SB

p.6

3,p

.64)

PET

Lis

ten

ing

(LIN

KSp

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6D

ange

rp.

56

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lkin

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out

cond

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ns•

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ital

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Mak

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one

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sin

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roc

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itio

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rst

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eogr

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List

enin

g: a

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din

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pea

kin

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our

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elp

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envi

ronm

ent

Pro

nu

nci

atio

n: /

l/ /ǝ

l/


SAMPLE

•

MO

DU

LE 7

C

ULT

UR

E U

NIT

FUN

CTIO

NS

&

RE

AL

CO

MM

UN

ICAT

ION

GR

AM

MA

RVO

CAB

ULA

RY

SKIL

LS, S

TRAT

EG

IES,

PR

ON

UN

CIA

TIO

NIN

TER

CU

LTU

RE,

ST

OR

Y, C

LIL,

SO

NG

TOW

AR

DS

EX

AM

S

13En

tert

ain

men

tp.

128

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lkin

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out

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lkin

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out

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its

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lkin

g ab

out

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s

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esen

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uous

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esen

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rfec

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rese

nt

perf

ect

sim

ple

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ed t

o /

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e to

/

wou

ld

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lms

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din

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iew

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ots

List

enin

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cts

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kin

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you

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W

riti

ng:

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lmr

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wS

trat

egie

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sten

ing

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,sou

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ffec

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grou

ndm

usic

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clue

sto

und

erst

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Pro

nu

nci

atio

n: /

ʃ/ /tʃ

/

Get

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eB

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ards

Wor

ldB

ook

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rcu

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orld

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)

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ts 3

& 4

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p.1

44)

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ity

ISE

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ort

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p.1

45)

PET

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SAMPLE


SAMPLE

7

Get started

1 Groupwork Find out about your group’s ‘weblife’. Discuss the questions. • Who has a blog? • Who reads blogs?• Who uses social networking sites?• Who plays games online?• Who uses sites like Secondlife?• Who uses an instant messenger service?

2a 26 Listen to Emma answering the questions on Ben’s blog. Make notes of her answers.

1 my sister

2b Listen again. Number these conversational expressions in the order you first hear them.

L well L I think L right

L OK L you know L oh

L true L um L like

L I did L You bet! L yeah

3 pairwork Ask and answer the questions. Use some of the expressions in exercise 2b.

<< Yesterday About me >>

Getting to know you

by Ben 12 December @ 08.00EST

BecauseIknowyouneedsomethingtotakeyourmindoffexams...

Who...

1 Who was the last person you texted?

2 Who was the last person you took a picture of?

3 Who is the person you admire most?

What...

4 What’s worrying you right now?

5 What’s your favourite song at the moment?

6 What’s the last film you watched?

Do...

7 Do you prefer to talk or text?

8 Do you read in bed?

9 Do you get up early?

Where...

10 Where is the last new place you visited?

11 Where is your favourite place in the world?

12 Where are you going later?

Did...

13 Did you laugh a lot yesterday?

14 Did you help your family or your friends yesterday?

15 Did you chat with friends online last night?

That’s all for today! Post your answers.

Ben

B5!Blogtalking. Talk to me. Talking, listening, sharing. It’s all here. Me. To you. You. To me. Let’s get the world together.

blog.co.uk | mydiary

jj

B1

recent posts

babyluv >>

mikey >>

saffron >>

silverchain >>

parasol1 >>

arnie >>

lilsis >>

dancemad >>

komandante >>

sweet16 >>

kitten >>

?*4

ProfILe

Me aT schooL

Me aT PLaY

Me and MY frIends

Module

Goingaway

1Key objectivesGrammar present perfect v past simple; present perfect with just/

already/yet/still

Functions talking about past experiences; talking about fixed future

events; asking and talking about possessions

Vocabulary countries; activities; music; at the airport

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jVocabulary: countries1 27 Write the letters in the correct order to

make countries. Then listen and check.1 eth AUS the USA 6 dnaiI2 aJanp 7 oSthu afcriA3 nhiaC 8 rziBal4 luAatrias 9 ceMiox5 dCnaaa 10 auRsis

warm up2 pairwork Look at the photos on page 9.

Answer the questions. How many people are there? Where are they?

What are their names?

Comprehension3 28 Listen and read On the road. Answer

the questions. Dialogue1

1 Where are the friends planning to go?2 Where does Nathan live?3 Has Emma ever met Nathan?4 How old is Emma? Dialogue2

5 What has Ben bought?6 Why has Nathan sent a text to Emma? 7 Do they call Nathan on Emma’s mobile?8 Where is Nathan now?

Talking about past experiences4 Study the rules and find examples of the tenses

in the dialogue.

Present perfect• The present perfect is always connected with ‘now’. Use it to talk about events and experiences in the past that are connected with the present or have a result in the present.

I’ve boughtanewcamcorder.• Use for/since with the present perfect to talk

about how long.

Soyouhaven’t seenhimforeightyears!(a period of time)

I’ve lovedAmericasinceIreadTheCatcherin theRye.(a specific moment in the past)

Present perfect v past simple• Use the present perfect to talk about a general experience.

• Use the past simple to describe details of that experience in the past.

HaveyouevermetNathaninperson? OfcourseIhave!ImethimwhenIwasten.

Present simple for fixed future events • We often use the present simple to talk about travel arrangements, itineraries, etc.

WeflytoNewYorknextmonth.

5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1 Look! My brother __________ (take) some amazing photographs. Last year he __________ (go) to Botswana and __________ (take) these pictures of lions and elephants.

2 Harry __________ (know) Laura for six years. He __________ (meet) her at a party in London and they __________ (travel) to Australia together last year.

3 Grace __________ (live) in Naples since 2001. Her family __________ (move) to Italy when she was eight.

4 a __________ you __________ (read) Twilight? B No, I haven’t. I __________ (see) the film, but I

__________ (not read) the book.

6 p T pairwork Discuss these questions.1 What is the best film you’ve seen?2 What is the most interesting country you’ve visited?3 What is the most exciting adventure you’ve had?4 What’s the best book you’ve ever read?

(A What’s the best film you’ve seen?

(B The Killing Fields.

(A When did you see it?

(B I saw it last year on TV.

Word expander (not) manage to + verb

Use manageto to talk about when you succeed in doing a difficult thing. He’s managed toborrowhisparents’car.

8

Unit 1 Gap year

Unit objectivesGrammar present perfect; present perfect v past simple;

manageto; present simple for fixed future events

Functions talking about past experiences; talking about

fixed future events; summer camp applications

Vocabulary countries; activities

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on the road

1 Jodie, Emma and Ben are talking about their gap year trip.

Realtalk Who exactly is...? Kind of. drop dead gorgeous You’re kidding! That is so cool. Anyway...

2 Emma gets some good news.

emma Have you guys ever been to the States?

Ben No, we haven’t. But I feel like I know it. I mean, I’ve watched hundreds of films.

jodie And I’ve loved America since I read TheCatcherintheRye.

Ben Actually, I’ve bought a new camcorder. I’m going to film our trip and make a road movie.

emma Hey, I’ve got a text message from Nathan! Oh wow. He’s managed to borrow his parents’ car! For the whole holiday!

jodie That is so cool! Ben Is Nathan there now? Can we

call him?emma On my mobile to America?

No way! Anyway, he’s gone to college now. I can talk to him later online.

episode 1

emma OK, so this is the plan. We fly to New York next month. We meet up with Nathan. Then we hire a car and we drive to San Francisco. All the way across America!

Ben Who exactly is Nathan?emma He’s the son of friends of

my parents. They live in New York.

Ben So he’s American? emma That’s right. And he’s drop

dead gorgeous!jodie He’s an old friend, isn’t he?

emma Kind of. I mean, we’ve sent loads of emails to each other and we chat all the time online. We really get on!

jodie Emma, have you ever met Nathan? I mean, in person?

emma Of course I have! I met him when I was ten.

jodie Ten? You’re kidding! emma It was at Disneyland, in

California. We went on all the rides together.

jodie So you haven’t seen him for eight years!

9

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nnnn

Talking about the recent past

7 Do the quiz above. What is your score?

8 p T PAirWork Discuss your answers. Use the past simple to give more details about what you did.

(A In the last six months have you played a musical instrument?

(B Yes I have. I’ve played the piano.

(A Did you have lessons?

(B Yes, I did. But I didn’t practise very much.

Word expander do and keep

Learn these expressions with do and keep.do a sport / drawing and painting keep a diarydo your homework / a task / a job keep a petdo the shopping / the cleaning keep a secret / quiet

10

in the last six months i’ve…...o playedamusicalinstrument.o takenupaweirdhobby,suchasjuggling.o donealotofdrawingandpainting.o beentoasportingeventorpopconcert.o keptablogordiary.o readmorethantwobooks.o donealotofsportordancing.o improvedmycomputerskills.

o changedmylookorhadabodypiercingortattoo.

in the last seven days i’ve…...o readamagazine.o spentalotoftimeonthecomputer.o downloadedmusic.o watchedafilm.o studiedathomeforoverfivehours.o sentoverfifteentextmessages.o listenedtosomemusic.o playedagame.

o helpedmyparentsathome.

Do you have a busy life? Never stop?Tryourquizandsee.TickLthethingsyou’vedone.

Score

1pointforeachtick.L13–18Phew!Whatabusylifeyoulead!Doyoueversitandrelax?

7–12Notbad!Don’tforgettotrynewthingssometimes.

0–6Ohdear.Wakeup!Theworld’spassingyouby!

#what have you done?

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nn

Get the grammarPast participles

1 revise the rules and write the past participles.

• Most past participles have the same form as the past simple. To form the past participle of:° regular verbs, add -ed to the base form. ° verbs ending in –e, add -d to the base form.° verbs ending in –y, change -y to -i and add -ed to

the base form. NB don’t change –y to –i after a vowel.

° most verbs ending in a consonant after a short vowel, double the consonant (fit–fitted,stop–stopped).

• Many irregular past participles are similar to the base form or the same as the past simple form.

listen | buy | play | go | hope | take | travel | keep | hurry

| read | meet | do | send | spend | see | think listened

Present perfect

2 Complete the tables with these words. has not | haven’t | have | has | haven’t

Positive

I/You/We/They have / ’ve read that book.

He/She/It 1_________ / ’s been to London.

Negative

I/You/We/They have not / 2________ found it.

He/She/It 3_________ / hasn’t done that.

Questions4________ you met my brother?

Has she lived in New York?

Short answers

Yes, she has. No, they 5___________.

• Use the present perfect: ° to talk about experiences. HaveyoueverbeentotheUSA?Yes,Ihave. ° to talk about completed actions connected to the

present. InthelasttwomonthsI’vereadlotsofbooks.

3 Complete the sentences with the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1 They _______ back from their holiday. (come)2 I _______ never _______ a better film! (see)3 My brother _______ never _______ on a plane. (be)4 Anne _______ for the test. (not study)5 My parents _______ the Prime Minister. (meet)6 She _______ a lot of money this weekend. (spend)

4 Write questions with the present perfect and ever. Write your own short answers.

1 you / take a music exam?Have you ever taken a music exam? Yes, I have.

2 your father / want to move to another country?3 your parents / complain about your room?4 your grandparents / give you a present?5 you / use an Internet café?6 you / visit the USA?

Present perfect with for or since

5 read the examples and complete the rules with a period of time or a specific date.

Theyhaveknowneachotherforabouttenyears.• Use for to talk about _______________.They’vevisitedsixcountriessinceChristmas.• Use since to talk about _______________.

6 Complete the sentences with for or since.1 We haven’t seen Eva ________ last Christmas.2 Tom has been in the football team ________ six months.3 My mum and dad have worked at the same factory

________ 15 years.4 Jack has been a fan of Leona Lewis ________ he saw

her on TV last year.

Present perfect v past simple

7 Complete the rules with present perfect or past simple.

• Use the 1_____ to talk about events that are connected with the present or have a result in it.I’vedonemyhomework.CanIgooutnow?

• Use the 2_____ to talk about events started and finished in the past, where the exact time is important.KevinvisitedLondonin2009.Hehadagreattime.

• Use time expressions such as when,ago,lastweek, etc. with the 3_____ to talk about an exact moment in the past.Whendidyoumeether?Imethertwodaysago.NOT Whenhaveyoumether?Ihavemethertwodaysago.

been and gone

8 Complete the examples with been or gone.

• Go has two past participles: been and gone. been means travelled to and returned. gone means left and not returned yet. I’ve1____tothesupermarket.=I’mbacknow. She’s2____shopping.=Shehasn’tcomebackyet.

9 Workbook pp 148–153

11

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Get into culture summer camps

Summer camps are a cultural institution in the USA. There are over 10,000 camps for children aged 8 to 16. The camps offer ideal jobs for over-16-year-olds. Students can work with the kids, help the teachers or work as bar and kitchen staff. Many camps arrange visas, flights, insurance, food and accommodation as well as paying a salary. Applications open in November, and you need to be free from mid-June until August. read the text and answer the questions. 1 How many camps are there in the USA?2 How old do you have to be to work in a camp?3 When can you apply for a job?4 When do you work in summer camps?

FileInstructIonsFill in | Complete | Circle | Choose | Write here | Please list

WorDs anD expressIonsapplication form | available | area code | education | experience

1 read Get into culture and do the task.

home ¤ jobs ¤ summer camps ¤ about us

12

AppLICATION FOrMSreal communication

Job opportunitiessummer campsDo you like working with kids? Are you a good communicator? Have you got lots of energy? Have you got the skills and experience we need? Apply for a summer job in one of these camps. And have the experience of a lifetime!

x High Mountains summer camp

Learn to survive outside. Kayaking, rock climbing, canoeing, biking, hiking and backpacking. Great staff and directors. Campers have fun and make friends.Superior NatioNal ForeSt,

MiNNeSota

/ Jarrold theatre arts and sports camp

Warm environment with fun and friendship. Music, theatre, drawing, painting, crafts, and video. Non-competitive atmosphere. Sports too, with 11 tennis courts, Olympic pool and riding. Fencing, archery, photography, and backpacking trips.MiNoNg, WiScoNSiN

1 Swallow nature camp

Explore nature with forest rangers. Look after animals and do hands-on science projects. Camp activities include riding, swimming, scuba diving, sailing, canoe trips and fun fun fun!lake tahoe, Nevada

X Ocean summer camp

Imagine a camp by the sea. Swimming, surfing, sailing, water skiing, sea kayaking, scuba diving. Tennis, baseball, soccer, basketball, gymnastics, volleyball and climbing. Exciting trekking trips.Bull’S Bay, South caroliNa

Vocabulary: activities

2 Scan the adverts and find words for each heading.• Competitive sports fencing, • Arts and crafts music, • Water sports and activities

kayaking, • Outdoor and adventure activities biking,

summer camp applications

3a p read the summer camp job adverts. Which job should these students apply for?

1 Gemma loves animals and learning about nature.2 Archie is keen on camping and adventure.3 Millie loves the sea. She is a very good swimmer.4 Joe is a natural performer. He plays a lot of musical

instruments.

3b pairwork read the adverts again. Choose the camp you would like to work in.

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SAMPLE

mailbox tunes myplace summerjobs application

6

Links real communication p4

4 29 p Caroline and James want to work in a summer camp. They are looking at the application form below. Listen and tick N the activities they can do.

JamesL metal work L making videos L computer graphics L drawing and paintingL ceramics L woodwork L cartoons

CarolineL jazz dance L ballet L modern dance L acting L piano & keyboardsL circus skills L drums L singing L guitar L other instrument

5a Complete the application form for you.

5b roLe pLay Work in pairs. • One of you is from Summer Camp World. One of you is an applicant. • Ask and answer questions about activities.

( Do you like ceramics? ) Can you do jazz dance? ( Can you swim? ) Are you into astronomy? ( Are you keen on backpacking?

13

summer camp World Online application form

tick the activities you have experience of.

Fill in your details

First name

Surname

Address line 1

Address line 2

Telephone

(area code required)

Email

Sex M F

Height

Date of birth (MM/DD/YY)

Education

Are you available from June 15th to August 18th? Yes No Do you drive? Yes No

arts anD craFts

ceramics

metal work

woodwork

sculpture

drawing

painting

computer graphics

making videos

Dance & perFormInG

ballet

jazz

modern

acting

circus skills

musIc

drums

guitar

piano

keyboards

singing

sports

archery

baseball

basketball

cycling

riding

fencing

skating

soccer

hockey

tennis

volleyball

trampoline

athletics

roller blading

jogging

karate

fishing

WaterFront actIVItIes

canoeing

diving

kayaking

rowing

sailing

scuba diving

swimming

water skiing

windsurfing

nature

animals

astronomy

rocks and minerals

trees and plants

aDVenture

backpacking

mountain biking

camping skills

hiking

rock climbing

orienteering

Do you have any

leadership skills or

special abilities?

Write them here:

submit

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T r A v E L A D v E N T u r E

14

You are 18andyou’vefinishedschool.Butwhatnext?Well,between200,000and250,00018–25-year-oldstakeagapyear.Theywanttohaveabreakfrombeingastudent,earnsomemoneybeforeuniversity,getworkexperienceorjusttravel. Manystudentsdecidetodoaround-the-worldtrip,oftenwithagroupoffriends.AdriennetravelledwiththreefriendstoThailand,Indonesia,Australia,NewZealandandtheUSA.‘Itwasanamazingexperience,’shesays. ManyBritishstudentsdovoluntarywork.Evenroyalty!PrinceWilliamworkedonacommunityprojectinsouthernChile,andPrinceHarryhelpedbuildaschoolinSouthAfrica.PopularprojectsincludeidentifyingturtlesinTrinidadandTobago,helpingpeopleintheBrazilianrainforestor,likeTessa,teachingEnglishintheAndes.Shelovedtheexperience.‘Imetbrilliantpeoplefromallovertheworld.’

the journey of a lifetime

‘a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step’ Lao Tzu

Youcanlearnnewskillsinyourgapyear.Youcouldlearntocook,orlearnalanguagelikeChloe.ShespentsixmonthsinJapan.‘Ireallylearnttocommunicateinthattime!’ Gap-yearwebsiteshelpyouplanyourbudget.Theaveragegapyearcostsaround£3,500.Youshouldplanforthewholeyear,includingtravelcosts,accommodation,foodandentertainment.Anddon’tforgetinsurance–eventheaveragebackpackcontentsareworth£450! It’seasytostayincontactwithyourfriendsandfamily.ThereareInternetcafésandsomestudentscreateblogs,updatingthemwithnewsandphotographs.FriendsandfamilycanuseGoogleEarthtofollowyourjourney. Theexperienceofagapyearcanchangeyourplans.Timintendedtostudypoliticsatuniversity.ButaftersixmonthsasafarmworkerinChile,hedecidedtostudylanguagesinstead. Inagapyearyoubecomemoreindependent,improveyourcommunicationskills,andlearntoorganiseyourtime.Theseareimportantskillsfortheworkplace,sothinkcarefullybeforeyouchoosewhattodo.Yourgapyearisatimeforhavingfun,buttherealworldwillstillbetherewhenyougethome!

GAp YEArreal skills

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

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reading

1 read the article on page 14 and match the headings with the paragraphs.

LLearning new things LVolunteering LCosts? L Time off LWork skills LLife changing LTravelling LKeeping in touch

2 p read the article again. Circle T (True) or F (False). Correct the false sentences.

1 Young people take a gap year because they want to have a good time. T / F

Young people take a gap year for different reasons.

2 Each year about 2,000 young people do a gap year. T / F

3 Tessa didn’t like teaching English in the Andes. T / F

4 During a gap year you can learn new skills and gain professional qualifications. T / F

5 In his gap year, Tim changed his mind about his university course. T / F

6 The skills you learn during a gap year aren’t very useful for your future job. T / F

3 What did these people do in their gap year?

Tim adrienne

Tessa PrinceHarry

PrinceWilliam Chloe

4a pairwork Think of all the reasons why students take a gap year.

to learn a new language to get a job

4b What would you do in a gap year? Why?

Listening

5 30 p Listen and circle the correct answers.

alex1 Alex did a Gap Year Project in a Austria. b Australia. c Zambia.2 When Alex arrived he was surprised because a the people were happy. b it was raining. c it was hot.3 A big problem on the farm was a the long hours. b the heat. c health.4 The best thing about his gap year was a travelling. b working on a farm. c being a tourist.

elle 1 The most important thing that Elle took with her was a mosquito repellent. b a personal stereo. c sunscreen.2 Elle believes that if you work as a volunteer, you must a have fixed ideas. b be different. c have an open mind.3 Elle found the work a could be fun. b was too hard. c was a bit boring.4 Her diet was a unhealthy. b boring. c healthy.

speaking

7a imagine you are taking a gap year. Make notes. Where are you now? What are you doing? Where have you

been? What was your best experience? What was your worst experience?

7b pairwork interview your partner.

writing

8 T Write an email to a friend about your gap year. Use your notes from exercise 7a.

Random Fact There are at least 1 million foreign students studying in the UK each year.

15

1

Skills for life reading for information

When you have to give answers about a text, read the questions carefully. Make sure you understand what they mean. Use a dictionary to check any unfamiliar words.

pronunciation /e / / /

6a 31 Listen and repeat.

/e / air | there | care | share | prepare / / year | clear | here | idea | experience

6b 32 Listen and circle the words you hear. Listen again and check.

1 here / hair 3 beer / bare 5 we’re / where 2 fear / fair 4 dear / dare 6 cheer / chair

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[7-26] FR2SB Mod1.pix.indd 15 30/05/11 08:33

SAMPLE

ContentsModule 1 Unit 1 148grammar Past participles review; Present perfect review; Present perfect v past simple vocabulary Countries; Activities

Unit 2 154grammar Present perfect with just / yet / already; still; whose; Possessive pronouns vocabulary Music; At the airport

Module 2 Unit 3 160grammar Past continuous v past simple; said / asked + direct speech; when / while vocabulary Transport and roads

Unit 4 166grammar Modal verbs: present possibility; Modal verbs: future possibility; Modal verbs: past possibility; Multi-word verbs; Object pronouns vocabulary Feelings; Paintings

Module 3 Unit 5 172grammar will (predictions and future facts); be going to v present continuous for future; will have (done) / will be doing vocabulary Science fiction; Environmental problems

Unit 6 178grammar Zero conditional; Conditional + imperative; First conditional; when, as soon as, unless vocabulary Using emails, message boards and chat rooms; Geographical features

Module 4 Unit 7 184grammar Reported speech (1): reporting statements; Future in the past; Reporting present facts; Indefinite pronouns; each / every / each other; to be / get used to -ing vocabulary Household chores; Crimes and criminals

Unit 8 190grammar Reported speech (2): reported questions; Reporting verbs vocabulary Expressing feelings; Common expressions; Describing people

Module 5Unit 9 196grammar Second conditional; wish + past simple; wish + would; Defining relative clauses vocabulary Professions

Unit 10 202grammar Third conditional; wish / should have / ought to have; Adverbs of manner (revision) vocabulary Student problems and solutions; Planning a campaign; Multi-word verbs

Module 6Unit 11 208grammar Present simple passive; Present continuous passive; Passive modals; Non-defining relative clausesvocabulary Camping

Unit 12 214grammar Past simple passive; Present perfect passive; Past continuous passive; Future passive; have something done; Reflexive pronouns vocabulary Extreme sports

Module 7Unit 13 220grammar Present perfect continuous; Present perfect continuous v present perfect simple;used to / didn’t used to / wouldvocabulary Films

Unit 14 226grammar Past perfect; Past perfect and past simple vocabulary Books

FOR REALpre-intermediate Martyn Hobbs and Julia Starr Keddle

with Rob Nicholas

Workbook

01 FR PRE_INT WB Module 1 INT.indd 147 30/05/11 10:08

SAMPLE

jModule

1

148

Unit 1Gap year

Grammar reference

Past participles review• Form the past participle of regular verbs in the same

way as the past simple. The rules for spelling and pronunciation are the same as for the past simple.

Spelling rules• For most verbs add -ed to the base form.

talk talked • If the base form ends in -e, add -d.

love loved• If the verb ends in a consonant + -y, change -y to -i

and add -ed. carry carried

• If the verb ends in a vowel + -y, add -ed as usual. stay stayed

• If the verb ends in a single consonant preceded by a single stressed vowel, double the final consonant and add -ed. stop stopped

• If the verb ends in a single vowel followed by l always double the l, even if the vowel is unstressed. travel travelled

Pronunciation rules• We pronounce the final -ed /t/ after the sounds /k/, /f/,

/p/, /s/, /S/, /tS/. talked laughed stopped passed

watched finished • We pronounce the final -ed /Id/ after the sounds /d/

or /t/. started waited decided visited

• We pronounce the final -ed /d/ after all other sounds. phoned married stayed

• The past participle of irregular verbs has a special form. You must learn these by heart. In some verbs it is the same as the form of the past simple (e.g. make, made, made), in others it is different (e.g. see, saw, seen). A dictionary gives the past participle as the third form of the principal parts of the verb.

see /si;/ ( past tense saw /sO;/ past participle seen /si;n/) verb

Present perfect review

Positive full form

I/You/We/They have seen that film.He/She/It has finished.short formI/You/We/They ’ve seen that film.He/She/It ’s finished.

Negative full form

I/You/We/They have not talked to her.He/She/It has not stopped all day.short formI/You/We/They haven’t talked to her.He/She/It hasn’t stopped all day.

QuestionsHave I/you/we/they finished?Has he/she/it eaten?

Positive short answersYes, I/you/we/they have.Yes, he/she/it has.

Negative short answersNo, I/you/we/they haven’t.No, he/she/it hasn’t.

• Form the present perfect with: the present tense of the verb have + the past

participle • Form the positive with:

subject + have / has (full forms) + past participle subject + ’ve / ’s (short forms) + past participle

• Form the negative with: subject + have / has + not (full forms) +

past participle subject + haven’t / hasn’t (short forms) + past participle

• Form questions in the present perfect with: Have / Has + subject + past participle

• Form short answers with: Yes, + subject pronoun + have / has. No, + subject pronoun + haven’t / hasn’t.


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Present perfect v past simple • Use the present perfect to talk about an experience in

general or all your experiences in life up to the present time, without specifying where and when.

• Then use the past simple to give details about the experience specifying where and when it happened. He has been all over the world. He met some

friends in America. They went together to New York in 2008.

• With a past time expression always use the past simple, not the present perfect. Where / When did you see him? – I saw him at the

theatre last night. NOT I’ve seen him at the theatre last night.

Word listThe words in grey appear in the unit, but are not in the vocabulary sections.

CountriesAustraliaAustriaBotswanaBrazilCanadaChinaFinlandIndiaIndonesiaItalyJapan MexicoNew ZealandPortugalRussiaSouth AfricaThailandthe USA (America / the States)Zambia

Activitiesacting / theatre archery astronomyathletics backpacking biking / mountain biking camping canoeing ceramics circus skills climbing / rock climbingcomputer graphics crafts

• Note that the short answers are exactly the same as those for the present tense of have (got). Remember, never use short forms in positive short answers.

Usage• The present perfect connects past time with present

time. Use the present perfect to talk about experiences and events in the past that affect the present. It is not important to know when exactly in the past they happened. Tim is out. He’s gone to see Bob. I haven’t finished yet. Can you wait a minute?

• Use the present perfect to talk about all your experiences in life up to the present time. I’ve been to Paris three times.

• To ask if something has happened at any time before now use a question with ever and the present perfect. Have you ever been to Spain? – Yes, I have.

• To talk about something not yet experienced, use never with the present perfect. They’ve never visited Germany.

for and since• To talk about experiences that began in the past and are

still continuing in the present, use the present perfect with for or since. I have lived here for five years. NOT I live here for

five years.He has been abroad since August. NOT He is abroad since August.

• Use: for + period of time They haven’t seen each other for three years. since + the moment the experience began We have known each other since the first year in

primary school. • To ask when a continuing state or experience began,

use How long + the present perfect. How long have you had this computer?

For a year. / Since last July.

been and gone • The verb go has two past participles: been and gone. • Use have / has been to say that someone has gone to

a place and come back. Where did all this food come from? –

I’ve been to the shops.• Use have / has gone to say that someone has gone

to a place but has not yet come back. Have you seen Kiera? – She’s gone to the gym.

She’ll be back soon.


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Activities

2 Match the words with the pictures.skating riding basketball rock climbing

fencing sailing fishing water-skiing

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

3 Write the letters in the correct order to make activities.

1 Have you tried cainnoeg? It’s a very exciting water sport.

2 I’ve been pigmanc lots of times – I just take my tent and find a nice place to sleep.

3 My hobby is ghrotohappy and I’ve taken thousands of pictures.

4 I’ve never tried frusing but I think I would like to ride the waves on the sea!

5 It’s great fun jumping up and down on a polenatrim.

6 Mark loves nagtic and wants to work in the theatre when he’s older.

canoeing

cycling dance (jazz/modern/ballet)diving drawing fencing fishing gymnastics hiking jogging karate kayaking making videosmetal work orienteeringpainting photography playing the piano / keyboards / drums / guitarplaying volleyball / soccer / tennis / hockey / baseball / basketball riding roller blading rowing sailing scuba diving sculpture singing skating surfing swimming trampoline trekking water-skiing windsurfingwoodwork

Vocabulary

Countries

1 Complete the names of the countries.

1 A , A2 B l 3 C a, C a4 I a, I a5 I y6 J n7 M o8 N w Z d9 P l

10 S h A a

ustralia ustria


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4 Write the words in the correct order to complete the questions.

In the last seven days, ...1 anywhere / have / been / you / exciting?

2 from / Internet? / have / downloaded / you / music / the3 diary? / have / a / written / in / you / anything4 good / you / a / read / have / book?5 of / had / have / friends / your / party? / a / any6 any / bought / clothes? / have / you / new

5 Now answer the questions for you.

1

6 Complete the sentences with been or gone.

1 Where has Clare ? And when will she be back?

2 Jack’s out, actually. Do you want to leave him a message?

3 I’ve out twice already today, and I’m not going out again.

4 Do you know where everyone’s ? There’s nobody here.

5 They’ve just left. They’ve to the post office. 6 Wow! Where have you ? You look

really well.

Present perfect v past simple

7 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Tom You 1 (have) an interesting life, Nick. Nick Well, I suppose I 2 (do) a lot of different

things in my life. Tom How many countries 3 you

(visit)? Nick Oh, I don’t know exactly, but I 4 (visit)

all the continents, including Antarctica. I 5 (travel) there with a group of scientists a few years ago, and we 6 (spend) three months there.

Tom And I understand you 7 (have) a number of different jobs over the years?

Nick Yes, I 8 (work) in a lot of places and I 9 (do) some strange things. I 10 (drive) a London bus, I 11 (be) down a gold mine in South Africa, I 12 (perform) in a circus …

Tom A circus? What 13 you __________ (do)?

Nick I 14 (be) a lion tamer’s assistant! I 15 (teach) English in Russia and ten years ago I 16 (have) my own travel agency. And last year I 17 (write) my first novel.

Have you been anywhere exciting?

Yes, I have. I’ve been to the circus. / No, I haven’t been anywhere exciting.

’ve had.

Grammar

Past participles review

1 Write the past participles of these verbs.

1 listen 7 send 2 play 8 buy 3 hope 9 go 4 travel 10 take 5 hurry 11 keep 6 do 12 read

2 Complete the sentences with the correct past participle of these verbs.

see visit eat break find meet write drive

1 I’ve three of my CDs in Dad’s car!2 I’ve a Ferrari.3 My sister’s snake, and she said it was good.4 I’ve never London. 5 I’ve never a lunar eclipse, but I will one

day.6 I’ve never a novel, but I’d like to one day.7 I’ve never any famous film stars. 8 Everyone in my family has an arm or a leg

except for me.

Present perfect review

3 Complete the email with the present perfect of the verbs in brackets.

listened

found

Hi, Stacey

How are things with you? I’m sorry I 1 (not write) to you before – I 2 (be) so busy. Actually, I 3 (try) to phone you, but you’re never home. Anyway, I 4 (find) a job for the summer at last! I’m going to work in Gap. I 5 (not work) in a clothes shop before, so it should be fun. I hear you 6 (start) work, too – strange to think of you as a waitress! You 7 (not do) it before, have you? So we’ve both got new experiences for this summer. Oh, I 8 (buy) a new car! Well, not exactly new – it’s my brother’s old one. It goes OK. Well, it 9 (not break) down yet!

See you soon,

Love, Kyle


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2 Read the text again and choose the best answer.

1 Meeting a baby bear is A great fun. B what most walkers want. C almost impossible. D very dangerous.2 Bears A panic easily. B don’t want to kill us. C always run away. D always look for trouble.3 Bears come near humans because of A strong smells. B too much make-up. C tents. D the noise they make. 4 When a bear comes near, you should A throw a ball at it. B run away slowly. C shout and run towards it. D look as big as you can.

5 What should you never do if you see a bear? A curl yourself up into a ball B turn around and run C take off your shirt D back away slowly

Writing 3 Write a description of a dangerous experience

you have had. It can be real or imaginary. (120–150 words)

➤Tips• You can use information and vocabulary from the text

to write about an encounter with a bear. • Add interesting detail to make your story personal.

How did you feel when you saw the bear, and how did you feel after?

• What advice can you give to other walkers?

Skills: Reading – Towards PET (Part 4)1 Read the text and choose the best title.

a Walking trips in North Americab Protecting yourself from bearsc Bears: the great killersd Baby bears

Meeting a baby bear sounds like fun, but that’s the last thing you want on a summer walk in the northwestern part of North America. Because when you see a baby, it means that its mother is not far away, and a mother bear will do anything to protect her young ones. Bears are not man-eaters. They prefer to hunt for fish or berries. So the first thing to remember if you meet a bear in the wild is that it doesn’t really want trouble. The problem is that most of us panic, and our first instinct – to run away – is the wrong one. There are things that you can do to make sure bears don’t come your way. The first is to stay in groups and make noise. Bears don’t like surprises, so talk loudly or sing. Secondly, bears are attracted to food, and smells of all kinds, including make-up. You need to keep everything with a strong smell inside a tightly-sealed bag. And don’t keep the bag in your tent at night or you could have an unwelcome caller. Try putting your food bag up a tree. Bears can climb, but at least they won’t attack your tent.

Unfortunately, you can’t always make noise or stop smells from getting out. So what do you do when you are face to face with a large brown bear? First, take off your jacket or shirt and hold it out above your head. This makes you seem much bigger than you are. Never turn around and run, just back away very slowly, and the bear will usually leave. If the worst happens and you are unlucky enough to meet a large, angry grizzly bear that wants to attack you, curl yourself up into a ball to protect your head and chest.


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Study skills Being a good learner

1 Read and complete the article with these words.

difficult motivates things timeshould achievements creativity stressed

2 Look at the five points and for each point make a note of another personal strategy you could use.

C draw pictures of descriptions I read in English stories R write a diary of my feelings after each lesson E tidy my computer files and folders A ask the teacher to explain the saxon genitive again! M write a list of things I achieve in English

C r e a t i v eR e f l e c t i v eE f f e c t i v eA c t i v eM o t i v a t e d

C . R . E . A . M .C . R . E . A . M .

Being a good learner involves lots of different things. But there are some key ways to improve your performance.

C Be creativeMaybe this surprises you, but using imagination and 1 when you study helps you to be a good learner. Look for interesting connections between the 2 you are learning. Use humour, be curious and experiment with your normal routine activities.

R Be reflectiveIt’s important to think about your learning. Think about what 3 you. Think about things that were successful or not so successful in your last project. Keep a diary of your learning and write about what was easy and what was 4 .

E Be effectiveYou need to be organised and manage your 5 . You can’t work when you are tired or 6 and you need a place to work that suits your personal study style.

A Be activeIt’s important to take responsibility for your studies. You don’t have to wait for the teacher to tell you – you can look for new ways to learn. You 7 also always ask your teacher if you need more help or explanations.

M Be motivatedMotivation is very important. Think about why you are learning English and why it is important for your future. Celebrate your successes – even little ones! Make a note of your 8 to encourage you. Find support from friends or Internet pals.


SAMPLE

pre-intermediateMartyn Hobbs and Julia Starr Keddlewith Katherine Stannett

LINKS

FOR REAL pre-interm LINKS ITA-INT 2011.indd 1 01/06/11 09:51

SAMPLE

Contents

REAL CoMMUNICATIoN & ExAM LISTENINGModule 1 4-5Module 2 6-7Module 3 8-9Module 4 10-11Module 5 12-13Module 6 14-15Module 7 16-17

INTERCULTUREModule 1 About the USA 18-21Module 2 Cultural diversity in the USA (1) 22-23Module 3 Cultural diversity in the USA (2) 24-25Module 4 Europe 26-29Module 5 About Australia 30-33Module 6 Language and literature (1) 34-35Module 7 Language and literature (2) 36-37

SToRIES 38-45

CLIL Module 1 Music: history of jazz 46-47Module 2 Art: modern art movements 48-49Module 3 The environment: wind farms 50-51Module 4 Maths: probability 52-53Module 5 Business: viral marketing 54-55Module 6 Physics: space junk 56-57Module 7 Literature: World War 1 poetry 58-59

RoLEPLAyS 60 SoNGS 61-64


SAMPLE

File Unit 1 APPLICATIoN FoRMS

Instructions

Fill in

Complete

Circle

Choose

Write here:

Please list

File Unit 2 TRAvELLING By PLANE

At check-in

Ticket and passport, please.

Is this your own baggage?

Did you pack the contents yourself?

Have you been given anything to carry?

How many pieces of luggage have you got?

Does your baggage contain any electrical or electronic items, or sharp objects?

Have you got any hand luggage?

It’s too big. I’m sorry, you will have to check it in.

Would you like an aisle or a window seat?

Words and expressions

application form

available

area code

education

experience

44

jModule 1Module 1 Real communication

Dialogue

1 Complete the dialogue with these words. employer | complete | experience | choose | referees | available | filled in | education

JESS Can you check this job application form for me, please? I don’t want to make any silly mistakes.

KEISHA Sure. Let’s see. First, you need to 1__________________ the position you’re interested in.

JESS Oh, yes, of course. KEISHA Now, you’ve put your phone number here, but

you haven’t 2 __________________ the area code. Isn’t it 01625? I don’t think you’ve finished the 3 __________________ section here either. You need to put all the different exams you did in your last year at school.

JESS What, all of them? OK. KEISHA Oh, this bit here. You’re not supposed to write

anything. JESS What? Oh, I see now. It’s for the

4 __________________ not the applicant. Right. KEISHA In the part about 5 __________________ , are

you sure you’ve put every part-time job you’ve done in the past? What about the baby-sitting?

JESS Oh, yes, I didn’t think about that.KEISHA You’ve been to the USA before, haven’t you? JESS Yeah, I went about five years ago with Mum.KEISHA So you need to 6 __________________ this

section about ‘previous visits to the USA’.JESS Right. And what about this bit, ‘Please list two

7__________________’ . Who shall I put? KEISHA Well, put your boss at Fashion Plus, and Mr

Harris from school. Oh, and don’t forget to tell them when you’ll be 8 __________________ for an interview.

2 2 Listen and check.

Real talk

3 Complete the dialogue with these words. you don’t need all of them. Who exactly is… | kind of | drop dead gorgeous | You’re kidding | That is so cool | Anyway

ANNIE Mum says you can come on holiday to Cyprus with us.

STACEY 1___________________ !ANNIE No, I’m not. Joe’s coming too.STACEY 2____________________ Joe?ANNIE He goes to school with my brother. He’s

3_____________________ !STACEY Fantastic. 4____________________ . Thanks

so much.



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Dialogue

5 Complete the dialogue with these expressions. pieces of luggage | interfered with | an aisle or a window | pack these bags | ticket and passport | any hand luggage | carrying any electronic equipment | check it in

CLERK Good morning. Can I see your 1____________________, please?

PASSENGER Hi. Here you are.CLERK How many 2

____________________ have you

got?PASSENGER Just this suitcase.CLERK Have you got 3 ____________________ ?PASSENGER Yes, I’ve got this bag.CLERK Hmm. It’s too big. I’m sorry, you’ll have to

4______________________ .PASSENGER Oh… I’ll need to take some things out,

then. CLERK Now I need to ask you some security questions.

Did you 5 ____________________ yourself? PASSENGER Yes, I always pack my own bags. CLERK Are you 6 ____________________ in your

suitcase? PASSENGER I’ve got a personal CD player. CLERK That’s OK. Are you carrying anything sharp,

such as knives or scissors? PASSENGER No, nothing. CLERK Could anyone have 7____________________

your luggage? PASSENGER No, I don’t think so. CLERK OK, Ms Connor. Would you like

8______________________ seat?PASSENGER I’d like a seat near a window, please. CLERK Right. Here you are. Go to Gate 15. You’re

boarding in 45 minutes. Enjoy the flight!


Exam Listening - Towards PET (Part 3)

7 5 Listen to the conversation and complete the notes.

Interview notesDate:________________________ time:_____________________

NAme of ApplIcANt:

Mr Michael Jones

Address:

Lewis Street, 1

reAsoN for WANtINg to Work here:

Our reputation, and 2

specIAl skIlls:

Has got 3 skills.

Has done a 4 course.

Is an excellent 5

other sports he / she cAN do:

football , tennis, 6 ,

karate, 7

and 8

Art skIlls:

Has won 9 for

painting, and enjoys 10

classes.


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Module 1 Interculture

Project

Glossary

geography and landscapeThe USA is a huge country and is the world’s third largest nation (total area). There is a time difference of six hours between Alaska and Maine! The USA has a varied landscape including temperate forests in the east, huge flat plains in the centre, deserts in the south-west, the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains, the Great Lakes, temperate rainforests in the Pacific Northwest, mangrove forests in Florida, Arctic regions in Alaska, and the volcanic islands of Hawaii. The weather is varied – in the north there are very cold winters and in the south-east it is sub-tropical. Sometimes there is extreme weather in the USA with floods, hurricanes, droughts and earthquakes.

states and governmentThe USA has 50 states – 48 form the landmass between Canada and Mexico. Alaska is the 49th state, and Hawaii was the last state to form part of the USA. The USA has a federal government that runs the whole country, and a president. It is a democracy, and people can vote for the president, and parliament (Congress). Almost all politicians are either Democrats or Republicans. Each state has its own government. These governments create their own taxes and laws.

1 PaiRwoRk What do you know about the USA? Answer these questions.

1 How many states are there?2 Which two states are not joined to the landmass?3 What are the two main political parties?4 What industries does the USA have?5 What is its population?6 What are the main oceans around the USA?

2 Study the map and read the information on the right. Check your answers to the questions in exercise 1.

3 Read the information on the right again and decide if the sentences are T (True) or F (False).

1 If it’s 6 a.m. in Alaska, it’s 8 a.m. in Maine. T / F 2 There is a wide variety of different geographical

features in the USA. T / F 3 Hawaii is the 50th state. T / F 4 There are many different political parties in the

USA. T / F 5 The USA manufactures a lot, but it doesn’t have

its own resources. T / F 6 The population of the USA in 1920 was 390

million. T / F 7 Many people in the USA are descended from

Europeans. T / F 8 Native Americans and Inuit are the oldest

inhabitants of the USA. T / F

4 Look at the map and complete the alphabetical list of states.

Find out some more information about the USA. Choose a topic, for example The Government, and do research on the Internet. Do a project and illustrate it with photos, diagrams and charts.

plains floods droughts landmass coal corn wheat iron slaves

the UsA


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19

About the USA

economyThe USA has the most important economy in the world. The country has rich mineral resources including gold, oil, coal and uranium. The USA is a top producer of corn, wheat, sugar and tobacco, and its industries produce aluminium, iron, steel, cars, aeroplanes and electronics. But the biggest sector of the economy is that of the service industries.

the peopleThe USA has a population of 308 million, many descended from European immigrants. The population grew from a few million in 1820 to over 100 million by 1920. Large groups of people are descended from immigrants from Germany, England, Scotland, Ireland and Italy, Scandinavian countries and other eastern and southern European countries. People from Mexico and South and Central America are the largest minority group – 14.8% of the population. About 13% of the population are African-Americans, mostly descended from African slaves brought to America, and 4.4% of the population is Asian-American. Native Americans and Inuit have lived in the country thousands of years, but make up less than 1% of the population.

cultureAll the major cities have classical music, historical, scientific and art centres, and many museums. There is a rich culture of dance, theatre, film and popular music. US culture influences the rest of the world, especially the Western World. Music, movies and TV from the USA are popular everywhere, and US food and lifestyle is also exported all over the world.

Alabama A__________ Arizona Arkansas C__________ Colorado Connecticut Delaware F__________ Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois I__________ Iowa Kansas K__________

Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts M__________ Minnesota M__________ Missouri Montana Nebraska N__________ New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico N__________ North Carolina North Dakota

Ohio O__________ Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee T__________ Utah Vermont V__________ Washington West Virginia Wisconsin W__________

the 50 states of the UsA


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Module 1 Interculture

1 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.1 What are the public holidays in your country? And in

your region or city?2 What are the origins of these days?3 What happens on these special days?4 Which do you prefer?

2 Read the project and answer the questions.Which holidays ...1 celebrate the achievements of an individual?2 celebrate a particular historical event in the USA?3 celebrate an exact date?4 are religious?

3 Read the project again and write the name of the holidays.

1 people watch the behaviour of a small animal _____________

2 people dress up in scary clothes _____________ 3 there is a big dinner with special food in the autumn

_____________ 4 it remembers a historical battle _____________5 it commemorates the leaders of the USA

_____________6 it celebrates a famous activist _____________7 there are parades during this late summer event

_____________8 it commemorates the dead _____________

hi! We’re from Westlands High School, Denver,

and this is our class project on holidays in the

USA.The calendar of holidays in the USA tells us

about the history of our nation. These are some

of the holidays that we celebrate.

martin luther king day third monday of January In the 1950s and 1960s the Reverend Dr Martin Luther King used non-violent protests to fight against the treatment of blacks as second-class citizens. He made a famous speech in 1963 which started, ‘I have a dream ...’ Soon after, the US Congress prohibited racial discrimination. In 1968 Martin Luther King was assassinated, and since 1986 there has been a holiday on that day.

president’s day third monday of february George Washington was the first president of the USA. There was a national holiday to celebrate his birthday on 22 February until the 1970s. But then Congress decided to create a single day to celebrate all the presidents of the USA.

memorial day fourth monday in mayCities all around the country have their own ceremonies, parades and memorial services to honour the dead. The President of the USA gives a speech and lays a wreath. For many Americans this day marks the beginning of summer, and we go to the beach or to the mountains.

Holidays in the USA


SAMPLE

Project

Glossary

21

About the USA

4 Find the ways of celebrating that match these definitions.

1 a special religious event to remember the dead _____________

2 a meal outside sitting on the ground _____________3 a procession of people _____________4 beautiful, colourful, noisy explosions in the night sky

_____________5 a special get-together of friends with food, drink and

music _____________6 a huge meal with lots of special food _____________

5 PaiRwoRk Which holidays in the USA do you prefer? Why?

Choose one of the following for a project. Do some research on the Internet. Illustrate your project with photos.• a US holiday • a holiday in your country

the dead to mark trick harvest cranberry sauce sweet potatoes pumpkin pie hole shadow

Independence day the fourth of JulyThis is the birthday of the USA as a free nation. It commemorates the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The 13 British colonies on the eastern coast were at war with Britain. They fought for the freedom of the colonies. We have picnics, patriotic parades, concerts and fireworks on this day.

labor day first monday of septemberIn 1894 Congress made Labor Day a holiday to honour all working people. In many places there are Labor union parades. It marks the end of the summer and we often go to the beach for a three-day weekend. And for us students, it marks the beginning of the school year!

columbus day second monday in october Do you know who Christopher Columbus was? Of course you do! He was the European navigator who landed in the New World in 1492. There is a huge parade in New York to celebrate this holiday.

halloween 31st october ‘Trick or treat’ say the children as they go from house to house dressed as ghosts and witches. The neighbours have to give them a present or they have a trick played on them. Teenagers and adults have masquerade parties, too. The orange pumpkin, with its scary face, is a symbol of Halloween and comes from a Celtic tradition.

thanksgiving day fourth thursday in November What is this important event about? When the Pilgrim Fathers arrived in Massachusetts in 1621 they had a terrible first winter. Then Native Americans taught them how to grow food, and the next harvest was so good that they held a feast. We have a big dinner with our family and friends and serve food from that first feast – roast

turkey, cranberry sauce, sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie. We give thanks before we begin the meal.

christmas 25th december Most Americans are Christians and we have a holiday for the Christmas period and spend it with our family and friends. We go shopping before Christmas and give each other presents on Christmas Day. We decorate our homes, have a Christmas tree and eat Christmas dinner.

ethnic holidays There are other significant holidays which aren’t national days. The Chinese communities celebrate chinese New Year with fireworks and feasts. And since 1966, African Americans have celebrated kwanzaa, an African harvest festival. mardi gras happens in New Orleans with a big parade. And on st patrick’s day there is a parade in New York to commemorate the Irish patron saint.

state holidays Each state has its own holidays, too. Our favourite is groundhog day. It is celebrated in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania. A groundhog, ‘Punxsutawney Phil’, has to come out of his hole. If he sees his shadow in the sun, it is going to be an early spring. If not, it will be a long winter! It was the location of a famous comedy film, Groundhog Day.


SAMPLE

46

warm up

1 What is your favourite type of music?R&B | Hip Hop | Trance | Indie | Folk | Jazz | Classical | Pop | Rock

2 PaiRwoRk Which instruments are traditionally used in a jazz band?

a violin b flute c saxophone

d drums e clarinet f trumpet

g recorder h trombone i double bass

Reading

3 Read the article and write the musical styles for these artists.

1 Jelly Roll Morton __________2 Charlie Parker __________3 Louis Armstrong __________

4 Read the article again and circle T (True) or F (False).

1 Slaves often sang while they worked. T / F2 Blues music was never popular in the towns.

T / F3 People from many different countries lived in

New Orleans in the 1900s. T / F4 Jazz and blues music started in the northern

states of the USA. T / F5 ‘Chicago’-style jazz started in the 1950s. T / F6 If you use improvisation, it means that you

play exactly the same tune every time. T / F

Vocabulary

5 Match the words with the definitions.

1 slave2 harmony3 immigrant4 folk music5 syncopation6 bass line

1M

odu

leCLIL

MUSIC: HISTORY OF JAzz

three from the following:

[A/W: photos of: Scott Joplin playing ragtime music;

early 19th century illustration of slaves in America,

a marching band,

Louis Armstrong;

Ella Fitzgerald]It was dangerous and it was rebellious. It was called ‘the devil’s music’. It started in the fields of southern UsA as the music of the slaves, but now we see it as a symbol of democracy and freedom. When we look at the history of blues and jazz music, we can follow the history of black America, from slavery to celebrity.

Jazz and Blues

Work songs and spiritualsIn 19th century southern USA, most African Americans worked as slaves in the fields. Their lives were very hard and they sang work songs and spirituals – religious songs – to show their feelings of sadness and their hopes for freedom. These songs were the beginnings of blues music and the word ‘blues’ means a feeling of sadness. Sometimes slaves used these songs to give secret messages to each other. For example, the spiritual, The Gospel Train’s A-comin’, is about a group of slaves who are getting ready to escape from slavery.

the Beginnings of JazzWhen slavery ended in 1865, many African Americans moved into the towns. They brought blues music with them and it became popular throughout Southern America. The most exciting city in the southern USA at this time was probably New Orleans. It was full of people and their music from all over the world. As well as blues music, there were marching bands which played brass instruments like trumpets, cornets and tubas and there was folk music from Europe. At the same time, two black musicians - Scott Joplin and Jelly Roll Morton – developed a form of piano music called ‘Ragtime’. This used syncopation with a strong bass line. Gradually a new type of music grew from these different musical styles – jazz music. It was the music of the people, the music of the immigrants, the slaves and the rebels.

a traditional music from one country or one group of people

b a rhythm with the emphasis on the weak beat

c someone who belongs to another person and has to work for them

d the lowest instrumental part in a piece of music

e a combination of musical notes played at the same time

f a person who comes from one country into another country to live

“Jazz is the big brother of Revolution. Revolution follows it around.” Miles Davis


SAMPLE

Project

47

1

Mod

ule

Listening

6 34 Listen to the interview. How did Louis Armstrong develop the ‘scat’ style of singing?

7 Listen again and complete the timeline for Louis Armstrong.

1901 born19__ sang in the streets of New Orleans1915 _____________________ playing

cornet for a dance hall.19__ moved to Chicago1924 got a job ________________ .19__ made his first recording.

speaking

8 Ask and answer. Check your answers to exercise 7.

(A When did he sing in the streets of New Orleans?

)B I think it was 1912. What did he do in 1915?

(A He …

writing

9 Write a paragraph about Louis Armstrong’s early life.

Research another great jazz musician. You can choose one of these musicians, or you can use your own ideas.

Charlie Parker Wynton Marsalis Charles Mingus Thelonious Monk

a Make notes about• The musician’s childhood • When did he/she first learn to play

an instrument?• What kind of jazz music did he/she

play?• What songs did he/she write?

b Write a short article about your musician.

Jazz and the great depressionJazz and blues music spread from the southern states to the northern and it became the music for the young generation of the 1920s. By now, jazz music was popular with white and black audiences. During the Great Depression of the 1930s and then the second world war, people danced to jazz bands as a way of escaping from their difficult lives at home. Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington formed jazz orchestras and played ‘Chicago style’ jazz. But although they were famous musicians, they still experienced racial segregation – where black and white people went to different schools, had different seats on the bus and even used different entrances to get into concert halls.

cool JazzBy the 1950s, there were many different styles of jazz music. Artists like Charlie Parker, Miles Davis and Ella Fitzgerald used a lot of improvisation. Each time they played a tune, they created a new way to play it and they used a lot of extra notes. This style of jazz was called ‘cool jazz’. Other jazz styles in the 1950s and 1960s included ‘be-bop’, ‘hard bop’ and ‘free jazz’.

Jazz hasn’t stopped developing, changing and growing. It has been a huge influence in much of the popular music of today, especially r&B, soul music and hip hop. the ‘devil’s music’ is still alive!

‘Jazz isn’t dead. it just smells funny.’ FRank Zappa

The Gospel Train’s a’comin’ I hear it just at hand I hear the car wheels rumblin’ And rollin’ thro’ the land

Chorus: Get on board little children Get on board little children Get on board little children There’s room for many more

I hear the train a’comin’ she’s comin’ round the curve she’s loosened all her steam and brakes And strainin’ ev’ry nerve

The fare is cheap and all can go The rich and poor are there No second class aboard this train No difference in the fareJazz and Blues


SAMPLE

for real pre_intermediate sample unit

Documents

clil music

songtowards exams9workp

songtowards exams3storiesp

fr2sb prelims int

pet reading

songtowards exams1gap

tellin e

rob nicholas1