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THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY

FOR ANTHROZOOLOGY

Editor: Patricia K Anderson (USA)

Contents

ISAZ Officers 2 Editorial Note 2 3 Official ISAZ News 3 ISAZ/IAHAIO Distinguished Scholar Award ISAZ, Barcelona 2006 Articles Received 5 Thoughts on Childhood—Debbie Coultis Teaching Older People New Tricks: Thoughts on Effective Dog Bite

Prevention Programs—William E. Samuels David C. Anderson’s Bibliographic Column 15 New Degree Programs 37 New Courses 38 Meetings of Distinction 39 UFAW/BVA Ethics Committee IAHAIO 2007 Tokyo

www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/CCAB/ISAZ.htm

ISAZ Newsletter No. 31, August 2006

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ISAZ Officers

Current Officers and Members of the Board:

Officers President: Dr. James Serpell Secretary: Dr. Penny Bernstein Membership Secretary/Treasurer: Kathy Kruger Editor Anthrozoös: Dr. Anthony Podberscek Newsletter Editor: Dr. Patricia K. Anderson IAHAIO Liaison: Dr. Dennis Turner (ex officio

- non-voting, not elected)

Ordinary Members of the Board: Dr. Stine Christiansen Dr. Erika Friedmann Dr. Lynette A. Hart Dr. Harold Herzog Dr. Garry Marvin Dr. Veronique Servais Dr. Marie Suthers-McCabe, DVM Dr. Joanna Swabe Dr. Stephen M. Wickens Dr. Steven Zawistowski

Editorial Note The two articles in this issue are by Debbie Coultis, People, Animals, Nature, Inc. (PAN), and by William Samuels, also of PAN. Coultis reflects both on the experiences that led her to enter the AAI field and the current state of the discipline, while Samuels’ article is about the prevention of dog bites.

I recently returned from the American Federation of Aviculture (AFA) meetings in Dallas, TX where Irene Pepperberg graciously granted an interview for an upcoming issue. On the field trip to the Dallas Zoo AFA members were given private tours of the bird collection, in addition to the new exhibit, “Birds Landing,” that has yet to open. The new exhibit is an enclosed interactive aviary where zoo goers can feed different species of birds. including cockatiels, sun conures, racket tailed rollers and vulturine guineas. The AFA convention included aviculturists and ornithologists working to conserve endangered bird species, and it is encouraging to see aviculture taking a greater supportive interest in the field study of psittacines, most of whom are understudied. It is difficult to conserve a species if its ecology is unknown or not clearly understood. The AFA presented grants to Dr. Don Brightsmith for his

research in conservation and to Dr. Irene Pepperberg for her research in avian cognition. One of the most interesting presentations to me concerned positive reinforcement training presented by behaviorist and trainer Barbara Heidenreich, Good Bird, Inc. Heidenreich impressively demonstrated how trainer students in Mexico have adapted her techniques to humanely teach captive macaws to voluntarily roll over on their backs and present their wings and various part of their bodies for veterinary checkups, radiographs and blood draws, without any restraint.

Again, I am late with this newsletter and apologize. My personal life has been very stressful lately, but should settle down, now that I have finished moving my household (for the second time in 6 months), as well as office. I look forward to seeing you soon in Barcelona where we have a terrific program of speakers scheduled. Please remember to send me articles and new items of interest for future issues. Patricia (Pat) Anderson [email protected]

The ISAZ Newsletter is currently published (electronically) twice a year, usually in April and November. The deadline for submission of material for the next issue is 15th October, 2006. Please send all copy and announcements in electronic format to editor, Dr. Pat Anderson, with “ISAZ Newsletter” in the subject line.

E-mail: [email protected]


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ISAZ News

ISAZ/IAHAIO DISTINGUISHED SCHOLAR AWARD Award Criteria: The prize, in the amount of $2,000, will be awarded to an individual scholar in recognition of a corpus of published work (books, journal articles, and/or book chapters) that is judged to have made a particularly significant or scholarly contribution to our understanding of human-animal interactions and relationships. Eligible work(s) will have been published during the years between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2006 inclusive. Material published, or due to be published, outside of this time period will be considered ineligible.

Deadline for submissions of nominations is March 1, 2007. Submission materials should be sent to:

Erika Friedmann, PhD Professor, University of Maryland School of Nursing 655 W. Lombard Street, Room 475 Baltimore, MD 21201 Or by e-mail to: [email protected] All materials submitted by e-mail must be pdf files or rtf documents

Nominations for the award MUST include the following:

1. A formal letter of nomination by a person (other than the nominee) or organization familiar with the candidate’s work describing the value and importance of the publication(s) being submitted in support of the nomination. The letter must also include a clear statement confirming the candidate’s willingness to be nominated for the Award.

2. Legible copies of all articles or book chapters submitted in support of the nomination. In case of

a book, only the title page (front and back), table of contents, and dust-jacket synopsis should be submitted initially (short listed candidates may be asked to provide complete copies of books at a later stage, if necessary). Additional materials, such as published reviews of a book, may also be submitted in support of nominations.

3. A copy of the candidate’s curriculum vitae.


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ISAZ 2006 BARCELONA!

ISAZ 2006 Barcelona, Spain

5th-6th October 2006 The Importance of Attitudes, Values, and

Economics on the Welfare and Conservation of Animals

The selected topic of the meeting will be “The importance of attitudes, values, and economics on the welfare and conservation of animals.” This will be covered in two sessions (morning and afternoon) on the first day. The second day will be devoted to free papers. The AGM of ISAZ will be held on the second day. The meeting will be held in the World Trade Centre Barcelona (www.wtcbarcelona.com) Animal welfare and conservation have become important issues worldwide. Differences still exist, however, on how they are perceived, both between and within countries. This is due, among other things, to differences in attitudes and values. For example, the subjective feeling that moral and religious codes are followed may be an important part of human welfare. The question is whether animal welfare and conservation are at all part of these codes. A related issue is whether raising the awareness of animal welfare problems has a positive effect on people’s attitudes towards human suffering. Attitudes towards animal welfare are also affected by the economic impact of animal welfare and conservation regulations and practices, and perhaps by the economic development of each country or social group.

The relationship between attitudes/values and the welfare/conservation of animals, as well as the interplay between economy and animal welfare and conservation will be addressed with regard to companion, laboratory, farm and wild animals.

For further information and conference program:

http://quiro.uab.es/isaz2006/isaz_02.html


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Articles Received

Thoughts about Childhood, Education, Healthcare and Life in the 21st Century

Debbie Coultis

President and CEO, People, Animals, Nature, Inc [email protected], www.pan-inc.org

I think everyone who develops a strong interest in Human Animal Studies is drawn to the field because of experiences in childhood or a major life-changing event in adulthood. In this article, I will discuss what motivated me to become involved in the field, discuss childhood experiences, the current state of health care and education and offer some action plans to overcome the loneliness, hopelessness, and helplessness many of us feel. My Story Like most every major change in my life, I came to the field accidentally. In 1987, when working as a scientist at Argonne National Laboratory, I was diagnosed with lupus, and eventually had to go on disability. Most autoimmune diseases involve attacks on a specific target, for example, joints in rheumatoid arthritis or insulin-producing cells in diabetes. Lupus can bring on attacks on many fronts, including the heart, joints and kidneys. It is highly variable; you don’t know when the next episode will occur or how you will be sick. When I was diagnosed, lupus killed about half its victims within a few years. Common drugs to prolong life were, and still are, steroids and chemotherapy. Neither the mental health system or support groups worked for me. In support groups, I found myself in groups of people on different medications; with different symptoms usually complaining about the cards they were dealt. I am very action oriented and needed a plan. I am not well suited to be a professional sick person.

With insurance companies, doctors, forms and other tasks a person with a chronic illness faces, it is easy for sickness to become your full time profession, more so now than in 1987. I noticed that being around animals and nature made me feel better, so decided to earn a degree in the field. After much searching, I found an MA program offered by DePaul University, School for New Learning. The audience is adult learners who are interested in emerging fields and are unable to find degree programs at other Universities. I finished the degree program with a concentration in how people and other animals interact. PAN was born in my process of exploring the field while earning my MA. I continue to struggle with health problems. I had five surgeries in 2005 and will have more in 2006. All of my upper teeth were pulled in 2004 due to degeneration of bone in my face. The bone continues to change, so dentures are not an option. Addressing a medical problem with medication or other interventions can result in side effects. This was the case for me. I am in a high risk group for osteoporosis, so my internist ordered a bone density screening. I had osteopenia, which is a precursor to osteoporosis, so was prescribed Fosamax and later Actonol. Both drugs are bisphosphonates and it was recently discovered that there is a correlation between bisphosphonates and dental disease. I recently read an article about the connection and called one of the doctors involved in my case. He was chief resident under Dr. Mark Steinberg, the


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doctor from Loyola hospital who discovered the correlation. I am not the average patient since I read more than most, have excellent medical insurance, have a husband who has worked for MetLife for 35 years and knows how to complain when claims don’t get paid, and live in the Chicago area where there are many top notch teaching hospitals. Being in the medical system myself keeps me humble and attuned to what other people are experiencing. I think having my own dog present during procedures would have helped me. I know she did during my recovery processes at home. I don’t think having another dog visit would have been helpful, especially if the dog was with a person who talked too much. The idea of an organization to encourage international dialogue across disciplines emerged during my time as a student at DePaul University. People, Animals, Nature, Inc (PAN) was incorporated as a nonprofit organization in 1996 and received tax exempt status from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service the same year. The mission I articulated in the PAN Summer 1997 newsletter was “PAN’s mission is to develop an institution to teach and disseminate educational material about the positive effects of animals and nature on human health through publications, lectures and cross-disciplinary dialogue. Although alternative therapies based on contact with nature and the environment have grown rapidly and achieved acceptance within the medical and educational fields, individual therapists and organizations have remained isolated and centered on particular techniques. PAN was founded to explore common ground and seek a holistic vision through dialogue.” Revisiting what I wrote in 1997, research needs to be included, as well as consideration for the well being of the other animals who partner with people to deliver services. Over the years, I have become more interested in all venues in which people interact with other animals. The more I learn, the more I feel I need to learn. Human Animal Studies is international in scope and includes almost every discipline, thus I think the closest a person can come to being an expert is to know who the experts are in the vast number of fields included. I also think we need to agree to

disagree. The earth is a meta-ecosystem, made up of smaller ecosystems and is a complex adaptive system. The world is made up of many cultures and different ethical norms, thus we must think develop meta-ethics in which there are many codes of ethics, none “good” or “bad”, only different. I believe there are too many “us” and “them” in the field. Some examples are: • Academics and practitioners • Animal Rights and Animal Welfare • Organizations delivering similar services I think most people are concerned about humane treatment of people and other animals. To improve the world we share and will leave to others, I believe we need to identify organizations and people already doing work, learn to coordinate efforts, and to cooperate to reduce duplication of efforts and use wisely the limited financial resources available to us. Some people and organizations are developing “agendas” which appear to be inflexible. We face global problems which can’t be ignored: possibility of a global pandemic; pollution; reduction of plant and animal diversity; war; and failing healthcare and education systems. I often hear people say, “I am interested in the field because I like animals better than people.” To address and solve BIG problems with long term solutions, I think a person needs to like other people and be tolerant of cultural and attitudinal differences between people. I am also very concerned about the treatment of other animals when they are brought together with people to interact in Animal Assisted Intervention (AAI) programs. Most articles and media coverage is about benefits to people as a result of interacting with other animals. I see a lot written about animal abuse and neglect. My concern is the “abusers” who may be easiest to stop are professionals delivering AAI services. We need more research about the impact on other animals who partner with us. I am troubled by the lack of research and ethical considerations in AAI. AAI is good marketing. Putting a picture of a child with a dog and perhaps


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an elder is good marketing. People in “the field” believe AAI works and keep doing so. I think introducing another living being into a therapeutic or educational setting is the most complex intervention possible. People continue to do so without research to prove efficacy or review by ethics committees before starting a program. Most programs lack built in assessment tools and if they are getting clients, the program continues without evaluation. In contrast, introduction of a new drug or medical procedure goes through ethics committees and multiple layers of testing to determine efficacy and safety. How We Can Establish Consensus Dialogue is one of my favorite words and my concept of how dialogue can be applied to reach consensus is based on David Bohm’s definition in his book On Dialogue. The word comes from the Greek DIALOGOS. DIA is “through” and LOGOS is “meaning of the word.” The words dialogue and discussion are often used interchangeably, yet they are quite different. The root of the word discussion means to break things apart. Dialogue allows equal participation among group members. The participants play and learn together, not against each other and the interactions become a win-win situation for everyone involved. We can reach shared meaning through dialogue; shared meaning is the glue that holds people and societies together. To dialogue, we must leave all our basic assumption open to negotiation. I have spent far too much time discussing. In discussion, we analyze different viewpoints. Discussions are like Ping-Pong games where we bat ideas back and forth; the object of the game is to win or gain points. Basic assumptions are not open to negotiation. I think it is time to begin examining our thoughts and actions at the tacit level. The tacit level is a level for which we have a vague feeling, yet it is usually unspoken and often difficult to describe. An example is the knowledge required to learn to ride a bicycle. Tacit thoughts have feelings. Thoughts about Community In A World Waiting to Be Born, Dr. Scott Peck contends that America is deeply ailing. The illness is due to incivility which is defined as

destructive patterns of self-absorption, callousness, manipulation and materialism ingrained in our routine behavior to the point that we don't recognize them. After we engage in subtle forms of unconscious hurtfulness long enough, these behaviors become the norm. I think the situation Dr. Peck describes extends beyond the borders of the United States, so statements below by both Dr. Peck and others are best read as worldwide issues.

There is a growing awareness that there is something terribly wrong with our society. People seem to feel increasingly stressed, despondent, and lonely. Drucker posits in The New Society of Organizations that perhaps it is because American society is changing so rapidly that old belief systems are antiquated before they are replaced with new belief systems. Our old belief system told us if we were loyal to our employers, our employers would take care of us for life. Thus, we were proud members of corporate or other types of work communities. With increased global competition, companies no longer provide secure work communities or promised retirement benefits. The employee's loyalty to the company and the company's responsibility to the employee have largely been replaced by concerns about institutional survival. The rules about how to succeed in life and be a respected member of a community are also changing. A college education no longer guarantees a high paying job. Children are no longer guaranteed a high quality public education; teachers go on strike and school districts go bankrupt. Crime sometimes does pay. For example, selling drugs is often easier and more profitable than working at a minimum wage job and the risks of getting caught and punished and is low in many areas. Family is important to many people, but our families are often spread over thousands of miles and communication may be limited to telephone conversations and e-mail. Community is often missing in our lives. People need to belong to a community, to feel part of something. People need stability. People need goals. People need to accomplish. With consciousness, community can be reintroduced into our lives. Dr. Peck asserts change is achievable and that we can restore civility to our


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institutions and ourselves by learning to build and maintain communities. Spiritual commitment is central to Dr. Peck's community building model. There is an entity, God, larger than an individual, who maintains harmony in the universe. Each person makes a covenant with this higher entity to be civil to themselves and others. When all people in a society know how to act civilly to themselves and others, the society becomes civil by default. No covenants are made with organizations or even other people. I don’t think a covenant needs to be made with a God or multiple Gods, but can be made with oneself or the entire universe. I believe in community. People choose to be part of a community. They must always be free to leave the community and join a new community more suitable to their needs at the time. I don't believe in ownership of people, other animals or nature. A company shouldn’t own its employees; a parent shouldn’t own their children; a spouse doesn't own their spouse; a partner shouldn’t own their partner; a person shouldn’t own another animal. I think most people feel owned by lots of different things and people and also feel ownership for things, people, and other animals. I believe guardianship and stewardship are more appropriate terms when applied to living beings. Hopefully, we can learn to build communities people choose to join. Thoughts about Childhood I was born in 1952. It is easy for us to miss the “good old days” when women stayed at home and the world was safe and wonderful. I don’t remember my house being anything like the sitcoms of the late 1950’s and early 1960’s. Although my mother didn’t work, she didn’t wear dresses, pearls, and high-heeled shoes when doing housework and never baked cookies. My mother was among the first women to discover TV dinners, frozen chicken potpies, and fast food restaurants. When she didn’t feel like cooking, there were cold cereal or peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. People didn’t always feel safe either. I wasn’t sure what a communist was, but knew I didn’t like them because they did evil things and could invade the country at anytime. I remember nuclear preparedness drills when all the children crawled under their desks. I was furious with my

father because he wouldn’t build a bomb shelter and thought China was more of a threat to the United States than the USSR in the long run. I remember President John F. Kennedy being shot. I was at home feigning elephantiasis. I read my father’s old college textbooks and preferred to tell my mother I had parasitic diseases, usually indigenous to Africa. I was only allowed to stay home from school if I had a temperature. I would demonstrate that my temperature was over 98.6 degree, by putting a thermometer in a tube operated radio, heating it, and then shaking it down to a temperature more believable than 107 degrees. I sometimes overheated the thermometer and it broke, thus providing me with an opportunity to play with mercury which can be great fun, but not known to be dangerous at the time. There was also violence in our streets. I lived outside of Detroit, and watched a city burn. In The Geography of Childhood, Gary Paul Nabhan states "the percentage of children who have frequent exposure to wild lands and to other, undomesticated species is smaller than ever before in human history." Even rural children usually do not learn about their natural surroundings by exploring or talking with elders. As a young child, I lived in a multi-generational household and my paternal grandfather was my best friend. He attracted children everywhere he went, but I was his “special girl”. Grandpa taught me how to talk to the animals. He took me for pony rides at the park. Pony rides cost a quarter (the one with George Washington) and I got to pay the man myself. One day Grandpa observed the man mistreating the ponies, so I wasn’t allowed to ride them anymore, so we fed ducks instead and named them all. My grandfather liked to get up early to listen to bird song and he would hold me in his arms on the front porch swing. When the crows came, the music was over and it was time to go inside. The old house was in a city with an alley behind it. It lives in my memory as a warm place with the hissing and smell of wood burning in the fireplace and the low moans of sleeping dogs. The sounds and smells reaching from the farthest corners of the attic to the birds that nested outside


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my bedroom window and sang to me will be etched in my being forever. Today children see more ducks and ponies on television than in life. They have experienced few of the sights, sounds, and smells that must be experienced in the flesh. As a child, I didn't watch the Discovery Channel or surf the Internet. I didn't know the scientific names of the animals I watched, but could imitate their movements. I was certain that if I practiced hard enough I could learn how to fly. In Intelligence Reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century, Howard Gardner added three new intelligences to his original list of seven—a naturalist intelligence, a spiritual intelligence and an existential intelligence. People and other animals have a mix of intelligences and are valued by a society or group of other animals by what is needed at the time for survival. Children are rewarded for excelling in math, science and reading. Perhaps we should reward children who are more inclined to excel at subjects which require them to be attuned to nature. Granted some of the woods, fields, and empty lots where children played have been replaced by houses, and shopping malls. However, this alone does not explain why unstructured outdoor play among children is disappearing. I grew up in cities and suburbs. I remember playing in the alley behind our house. Lots of animals (and sometimes people) lived in the alley. I brought animals into the basement to keep them warm and well fed. My friends included cats, dogs, mice, rats, spiders, birds and people. Robert Michael Pyle introduced an eerie phrase in The Thunder Tree: the extinction of experience. “Many people take deep satisfaction in wilderness and wildlife they will never see,” he writes. “But direct, personal contact with other living things affects us in vital ways that vicarious experience can never replace.” The birds of my childhood sang to me. Robert Louv in Childhood’s Future notes, “Today’s relationship between children and nature is a puzzling one. On the one hand, children’s sophistication about global environmental issues is very high – and intensely

felt. On the other hand, they have much less physical and unstructured contact with nature.” He speaks of walking in the woods near his Missouri home. A vision of being Davy Crockett could easily be abandoned to watch a frog. As a child, I liked to pretend. To pretend, first I had to find a special stone. I would hold the stone in my hand, close my eyes, and think hard about what I wanted to be or do. I could go to fairyland. I could fly with the birds. I could talk to the animals or even become another animal. I could dig to China. Brian Sutton-Smith, Professor Emeritus, University of Pennsylvania is one of the leading experts on play. He laments, “American children’s freewheeling play once took place in rural fields and city streets, using equipment largely of their own making. Today, play is increasingly confined to back yards, basements, playrooms and bedrooms, and derives much of its content from video games, television dramas and Saturday morning cartoons.” I remember my own children (now 25 and 27) preferring kitchen utensils and cardboard boxes to purchased toys. This left me to play with the toys alone, or invent a unique and unintended purpose for the toy in question. Some of my relatives claimed that my children’s nonconformity was a genetically inherited flaw, perhaps “toy deficit disorder”. Joseph Meeker’s definition of play has the following elements: (1) All players are equal or can be made so; (2) Boundaries are well observed by crossing them; (3) Novelty is more fun than repetition; (4) Rules are negotiable from moment to moment; (5) Risk in pursuit of play is worth it; (6) The best play is beautiful and elegant and (7) The purpose of play is to play, nothing more. All mammals and some birds play throughout their lives. In many Western societies, the prevailing belief is that play is reserved for children. Are people so different than other mammals that we have lost our need to play? I think interacting with other animals frees us to play. What forces have conspired to reduce outdoor play and unstructured play in general? Richard Louv describes the “Bogeyman Syndrome”, a generalized fear that parents feel for their children’s safety. He suggests that the media has


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magnified tales of horrors out of proportion to the actual threat they pose and thus parents view the outdoors world as unsafe. He further claims that now more parents works and “the less time we spend with our children, the more we worry about them.” I suggest that people get more involved in their health care and education of their children. Schools need to provide children opportunities to be active participants in their education. Humane education should be incorporated into school curriculum. All people should be provided opportunities to be with animals and nature to promote wellness. Interventions after people become mentally or physically ill are more expensive and makes the world feel unhealthy and unsafe. People, other animals and nature are all precious and are at all at risk unless we learn to be more respectful to the wonders many people take for granted. We can talk about many philosophies and what we should do. Why not embrace natural law? The guidance is simple. We live ethical lives and embrace the grace of other people, other animals and nature around us everyday. Animals and nature are not apart from us, but with us everyday. Let’s bring them back into healthcare and education, not to treat sickness or children who are failing in school, but to keep us healthy and to help all children learn. I certainly don’t have all the answers to the world’s problems; however, I think it is important to remain hopeful.

References Bohm, D. (1996). On Dialogue. Routledge, New

York. Bridges, W. (1980). Transitions: making sense of

life's changes. Reading: Addison-Wesley. Drucker, P. F. (1992). The new society of

organizations. Harvard Business Review (September-October), 95-104.

Gardner, H. (1999). Intelligence Reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century. Basic Books, New York.

Feldenkrais, M. (1977). Awareness Through Movement. Harper and Row, New York

Louv, R. (1992). Childhood’s Future. Anchor Books.

Louv, R (2005). Last Child in the Woods: Saving our Children from Nature Deficit Disorder. Algonquin Books: Chapel Hill.

Meeker, J. (1995). Comedy and a Play Ethic, ReVision. Vol 17, No 4.

Nabhan, G.P. & Trimble, S. (1995). The Geography of Childhood: Why Children Need Wild Place. The Concord Library.

Peck, M. S. (1993). A World Waiting to be Born. New York: Bantam.

Pyle, R. (1996). The Thunder Tree: Lessons From an Urban Wildland. Indiana University Press.

Restak, R. (2003). The New Brain. New York: Rodale.

Sutton-Smith, B. (1997). The Ambiguity of Play. Harvard Press.

Thomas, L. (1992). The Fragile Species. Touchstone, NY.


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Teaching Older People New Tricks: Thoughts on Effective Dog Bite Prevention Programs

William E. Samuels

People, Animals, Nature, Inc., Director of Research and Education Introduction In addition to the injuries suffered by the victims, dog bites undermine our relationship with these wonderful animals. Thompson (1997) found that half of the people responding to an omnibus health survey in Australia felt threatened by or afraid of dog attacks. A particularly well-publicized dog attack can even put an entire community against a certain breed. Hopefully, we can teach people to be safe around dogs, and this will also help people feel safe—and allow them to focus more on enjoying and appreciating dogs. However, educating the general public is a daunting endeavor—especially given the budget of the average animal welfare or injury prevention organization. Scientists can assist this effort by helping elucidate the best ways to teach people to be safe around dogs. Review of Previous Findings Dogs (and other pets) are an important part of many children’s lives. Over one third of all U.S. homes have dogs (Lauer, Wallace, White, & Lauer, 1982; Wise & Yang, 1994). Children regularly nominate their pets among those to whom they go to with a problem (Bachman, 1975). In addition, pet ownership (especially of dogs and cats) is associated with a prosocial orientation (Vidovic, Stetic, & Bratko, 1999) as well as empathy towards both other animals (Poresky, Hendrix, Mosier, & Samuelson, 1998) and other people (Bryant, 1985; Poresky, 1996; Vidovic, Stetic, & Bratko, 1999). However, our relationship with dogs is not always a peaceful one. Sacks, Kresnow, and Houston (1996) estimated that 4.5 million people per year

are bitten by dogs in the U.S., for which about 350,000 (Weiss, Friedman, and Coben, 1998; MMWR, 2003) to about 585,000 (Sosin, Sacks, Sattin, 1992) or 760,000 (Sacks, Kresnow, and Houston, 1996) people per year seek medical attention. Sosin, Sacks, and Sattin (1992) reported that dog bites were the twelfth-highest cause of non-fatal injuries resulting in a doctor visit, just behind knives and blades. Unfortunately, researchers typically find that young children are the primary victims of dog bites (e.g., Delise, 2002; Khan, et al., 2003; Sacks, Kresnow, & Houston, 1996; Sacks, Sattin, & Bonzo, 1989; Wright, 1985). Sacks, Kresnow, and Houston (1996) found that nearly half of all dog bites reported from random phone interviews were to children (under 15 years old); the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2003) found that children under 15 represented 42% of all emergency room visits for dog bites; Weiss, Friedman, and Coben (1998) estimated that 5- to 9-year-old boys are about 5 times as likely to be bitten by a dog than the national average. It’s somewhat less surprising, then, that Beck and Jones (1985) found that 46% of all children report having been bitten by a dog by their twelfth grade. Boys do tend to be bitten more often than girls (Beck & Jones, 1985; Kahn et al., 2003), but both genders are at significant risk. In general, neither socio-economic status nor ethnicity has been reported to significantly predict the risk of dog bites. Usually researchers find that the younger the child, the more likely he or she is to be bitten (Lauer, Wallace, White, & Lauer, 1982l; Schalamon, et al., 2006; Thompson, 1997). These results strongly suggest that it is the parent of children under 12 or so that needs be most


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careful; the younger the child, the more care the parents should take. It is important to note that deaths from dog bites are extremely rare; Delise (2000) estimates that only 431 occurred in the US between 1965 and 2001—a little over 12 per year. Bradley (2005) points out that children are more likely to die choking on a balloon—and adults from a bedroom slipper accident—than either groups are to die from dog bites. Nonetheless, dog attacks can be traumatic experiences—especially for children. Importantly, Kahn et al. (2003) estimated that 2/3 of all of dog bites could have been preventable with simple education programs. The vast majority of dogs stalwartly resist biting, and it is under rather predictable conditions that they do finally bite. Nonetheless all dogs can bite. Be it a neighbor’s dog or their own, it is the dogs with whom we are most often in contact that have the highest chance of biting us (e.g., Beck & Jones, 1985, Delise, 2002; Gershman, Sacks, & Wright, 1994). Most of the dogs which bite are not spayed/neutered (Delise, 2002; Gershman, Sacks, & Wright, 1994; Wright, 1985). Probably the third most important dog-related factor is how well the dog is socialized and trained (Delise, 2002; Gershman, Sacks, & Wright, 1994); these dogs [who bite] have not learned well how to act around people—especially those relegated to the ends of chains or behind fences. There is some tendency for some breeds to bite more often than others (e.g., Gershman, Sacks, & Wright, 1994), but a large part of this variance can probably be summarized best as a mis-match between dog and owner (and, again, that some dogs require more experienced handlers). Whatever the breed, if a dog is getting the training and socialization that particular dog needs, the risk of biting is greatly reduced (Wright, 1985). Studies regarding the conditions during which children are bitten by dogs typically find that nearly all of these bites occur when no adult is around (Kahn, et al., 2003). Beyond this, most bites occur when children are active and free (Frangakis & Petridou, 2003; Kahn, et al., 2003)—often when the child is playing with or near the dog (32% of bites in Kahn et al., 2003).

Other times when dogs bite are when a child is teasing a dog, invades a dog’s territory, or tries to take away what the dog feels is his own (food, a toy, etc.). Of course, sleeping (or sick) dogs should be left alone. Most of the times bites occur, however, a young child is playing unsupervised with a dog. A recent study conducted by over a dozen humane educators from across the US and Canada—and led by me when at the ASPCA—corroborated these findings. First, a subgroup of humane educators created a dog bite prevention (DBP) program that both modeled components common to DBP programs already conducted and that incorporated content to address the information presented earlier in this article (Samuels, 2005). Second, a large group of humane educators conducted this program with some of the fourth-graders with whom they normally work. These children hailed from rural, urban, and suburban and from across the socio-economic spectrum. The study was an excellent example of what humane educators can do when they ban together; it also yielded clear results. Among the questions we asked these children was (1) if they had ever been bitten by a dog such that they would bleed and (2) what their relationship was with this/these dog(s). Of the 760 fourth graders who responded to this question, half (52.2%) reported having been bitten. Table 1 disaggregates those bitten by dogs into the type of dog. Note that the total number of bites in Table 1 is larger than 52.2%: Some children were bitten by more than one type of dog. Clearly, children are bitten most often by dogs they knew; only 7.6% were bitten by a strange dog they didn’t know. Table 1: Number of responses from fourth-graders to the choice for answering, “If you have been bitten by a dog, whose dog was it? (Please circle all the ones that bit you)” Type of dog Number bitten My family's dog 201 A friend's dog 95 A relative's dog 74 A neighbor's dog 65 A strange dog I didn't know 58


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To summarize, most bites occur to young—even preschool—children from dogs with which the child is familiar. Given these are the conditions during which bites are most likely to occur, it would seem obvious that DBP programs should spend most of their time and effort addressing. Recommendations Unfortunately, there is little research into the best practices to keep children safe around dogs they know. Evaluations of DBP programs are few, and none addresses this problem sufficiently. In an exceptionally valid study, Chapman, Cornwall, Righetti, and Sung (2000) demonstrated that a DBP program can improve children’s behavior, but around strange dogs. In addition, Spiegel (2000) found that a DBP program could teach children that family and neighborhood dogs are most responsible for dog bite-related injuries, but did not report significantly affecting children’s abilities to prevent bites in all but a few cases (avoiding strange, sleeping, or eating dogs). These studies represent a laudable beginning, but more evidence needs to identify not only the best ways to affect children’s behavior around known dogs, but also if working with children themselves is the most effective strategy. Simply knowing that known dogs bite most often does not teach what to do to prevent these bites. In any case, children may not be in the best position to prevent them even if they knew how. The victims of many bites are children too young to control their actions or interpret dog postures sufficiently. Therefore, I believe the responsibility—and training—falls on the adults: the parents of young children, dog owners in communities with children, and others who can influence home-based child-dog interactions such as pediatricians and social workers. Other components of the study we conducted with fourth graders across North America address some (but not nearly all) of these needs. Nonetheless, my belief that humane educators should work with adults is scientifically unsubstantiated. Many lines of research point to this hypothesis, but none reach it. Unfortunately, this can be said of any idea about effective dog

bite prevention. This dearth of understanding creates a rich field for investigation, especially of home- and community-based DBP programs. Until these and other aspects of the best practices of DBP programs are tested, we will not know if we are helping keep both our children and our dogs safe. References

Bachman, R. W. (1975). Elementary school children perception of helpers and their characteristics. Elementary School Guidance and Counseling, 10(2), 103-109.

Beck, A. M. and Jones, B. A. (1985). Unreported dog bites in children. Public Health Report, 100, 315-321.

Bradley, J. (2005). Dogs bite: But balloons and slippers are more dangerous. Berkeley: James & Kenneth Publishers.

Bryant, B. K. (1985). The neighborhood walk. A study of sources of support in middle childhood from the child's perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2003). Nonfatal dog bite-related injuries treated in hospital emergency departments—United States, 2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 52(26), 605-610.

Chapman, S., Cornwall, J., Righetti, J., & Sung, L. (2000). Preventing dog bites in children: Randomised controlled trial of an educational intervention. BMJ, 320 (3), 1512-1513.

Delise, K. (2002). Fatal dog bites: The stories behind the statistics. Manorville, NY: Anubis Press.

Frangakis, C. E. & Petridou, E. (2003). Modeling risk factors for injuries from dog bites in Greece: A case-only design and analysis. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35 (3), 435-438.

Gershman, K. A., Sacks, J. J., Wright, J. C. (1994). Which dogs bite? A case-control study of risk factors. Pediatrics, 93, 913-917.

Kahn, A., Bauche, P., Lamoureux, J., et al. (2003). Child victims of dog bites treated in emergency departments. European Journal of Pediatrics, 162, 254-258.


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Lauer, E. A., White, W. C., & Lauer, B. A. (1982). Dog bites: A neglected problem in accident prevention. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 136 (3), 202-204.

Poresky, R. H. (1996). Companion animals and other factors affecting young children's development. Anthrozoös, 9(4), 159-168.

Poresky, R. H., Hendrix, C., Mosier, J. E., & Samuelson, M. L. (1988). Young children’s companion animal bonding and adults’ pet attitudes: A retrospective study. Psychological Reports, 62, 419-425.

Sacks, J. J., Sattin, R. W., Bonzo, S. E. (1989). Dog bite-related fatalities from 1979 through 1988. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1489-1492.

Sacks, J. J., Kresnow, M., and, Houston, B. (1996). Dog bites: How big a problem? Injury Prevention, 2(1), 52-54.

Samuels, W. E. (2005). Effective dog bite prevention programs. The Packrat, 75, 1-2.

Schalamon, J, Ainoedhofer, H., Singer, G., Petnehazy, T., Mayr, J., Kiss, K., & Höllwarth, M. E. (2006). Analysis of dog bites in children who are younger than 17 years. Pediatrics, 117(3), 374-379.

Sosin, D. M., Sacks, J. J., Sattin, R. W. (1992). Causes of nonfatal injuries in the United States, 1986. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 24(6), 685-687.

Spiegel, I. B. (2000). A pilot study to evaluate an elementary school-based dog bite prevention program. Anthrozoös, 13 (3), 164-173.

Thompson, P. G. (1997). The public health impact of dog attacks in a major Australian city. Medical Journal of Australia, 167, 129-132.

Vidovic, V. V., Stetic, V. V., & Bratko, D. (1999). Pet ownership, type of pet and socio-emotional development of school children. Anthrozoös, 12(4), 211-217.

Weiss, H. B., Friedman, D. I., & Coben, J. H. (1998). Incidence of dog bite injuries treated in emergency departments. Journal of the American Medical Association, 279, 51-53.

Wise, J. K. and Yang, J.-J. (1994). Dog and cat ownership, 1991-1998. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association, 204, 1166-1176.

Wright, J. C. (1985).Severe attacks by dogs: characteristics of the dogs, the victims, and the attack settings. Public Health Reports, 100 (1), 55-61.


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David C. Anderson’s Bibliographic Column

The following lists of books, contributions to books, journal issues of interest, journal articles and websites are but a fraction of recent output from scholars and practitioners. As for date of publication, this column has attempted to list items no earlier than 1999, or, more specifically, items not included in the bibliographic journal Humans & Other Species. As for inclusion, it is what I have run across in a variety of ways, some by planned database searches and some by serendipity. If you would like to recommend something for inclusion, send me a note at the following address.

340 Killdeer Court, Lincoln CA 95648-2474 USA; email: [email protected]

Books Allsen, Thomas T. The royal hunt in Eurasian history. (Encounters with Asia). Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, c2006. x, 406 p. : illus. ; 25 cm. Contents and sample text at the website, www.upenn.edu/press/pennpress/book/toc/14223.html $US 55.00; £ 36; ISBN 0-8122-3926-0 Anderson, Allen; Anderson, Linda. Rainbows and bridges : the animal companion memorial kit. Novato, CA : New World Library; [Berkeley, CA] : Distributed by Publishers Group West, c2005. 120 p. ; 21 cm. Contents available at the website, www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip058/2005004362.html $US 24.95: ISBN 1577315030 Anolli, Luigi; Duncan, Starkey, Jr; Magnusson, Magnus S; Riva, Giuseppe (editors). The hidden structure of interaction : from neurons to culture patterns. (Emerging communication: studies in new technologies and practices in communication ; v.7). Amsterdam ; Washington, DC : IOS Press, 2005. xx, 283 p. : many illus. ; 24 cm. Contents: I. Theoretical framework -- Understanding social interaction: discovering hidden structure with model and algorithms, Magnus S Magnusson (Human Behavior Laboratory, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland) –

The detection of the hidden design of meaning, Luigi Anolli (Faculty of Education

Science, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy) –

Microanalysis of T-patterns: analysis of symmetry/asymmetry in social interaction, Maria Teresa Anguera (Dept of Methodology and Behaviour Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain) –

II. Hidden patterns in neuronal and physiological activity -- Communication within a neural network, Alister U Nicol (Laboratory of Cognitive & Behavioural Neuroscience, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK), Keith M Kendrick (Laboratory of Cognitive & Behavioural Neuroscience, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK), and Magnus S Magnusson –

Hidden patterns of male sex hormones and behaviour vary with life history, Katharina Hirschenhauser (Konrad Lorenz Research Station for Ethology, Grünau, Austria) and Didone Frigerio (Konrad Lorenz Research Station for Ethology, Grünau, Austria) –

III Hidden patterns in courtship interaction -- Microanalysis of drosophilia courtship behavior, Benjamin Isaac Arthur, Jr (Zoologisches Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland) and Magnus S Magnusson –

Initial intrapersonal attraction and movement synchrony in mixed-sex dyads, Kikue Sakaguchi (Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan), Gudberg K Jonsson (Human Behavior Laboratory, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland) and Toshikazu Hasegawa (Professor of


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Cognitive and Behavioral Psychology, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan) –

IV. Hidden patterns in non-verbal communication within therapeutic conversation -- Language and behaviour patterns in a therapeutic sequence, Alain Blanchet (Faculty of Psychology, University of Paris 8, Saint Denis, France), Martine Batt (Faculty of Psychology, University of Nancy 2, Nancy, France), Alain Trognon (Faculty of Psychology, University of Nancy 2, Nancy, France), and Laurence Masse (Faculty of Psychology, University of Paris 8, Saint Denis, France) –

Non-verbal communication in doctor-suicidal patient interview, Véronique Haynal-Reymond (University Psychiatric Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland), Gudberg K Jonsson and Magnus S Magnusson –

Facial expression patterns in common and psychotherapeutic situations, Jörg Merten (Lecturer in Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Empirical Human Sciences, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany) and Frank Schwab (Scientific Assistant in Media and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Empirical Human Sciences, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany) –

Patient-therapist communication in a computer-assisted environment, Giuseppe Riva (Faculty of Psychology, Catholic University, Milan, Italy), Valentino Zurloni (Faculty of Education Science, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy) and Luigi Anolli.

V. Hidden patterns in non-verbal communication with atypical children -- Understanding the functioning of social interaction with autistic children, Marie-Hélène Plumet (Institute of Psychology, University Paris 5-René Descartes, Paris, France) and Carole Tardif (Department of Psychology, University of Provence Aix-Marseille I, Aix-en-Provence, France) –

Tutoring adjustment and infants’ cognitive gain, Sylvia Sastre-Riba (Faculty of Humanities and Education, University of La Rioja, Logroño. Spain) – VI. Hidden patterns in social and cultural contexts – ‘Me first!’ Structure and dynamics of a four-way family conflict, Christina Hardway (Adjunct Professor of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston,

Massachusetts, USA) and Starkey Duncan, Jr (Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA) –

Conversation patterns in Icelandic and Italian people: similarities and differences in rhythm and accommodation, Alessa Agliati (Faculty of Education Science, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy), Antonietta Vescovo (Faculty of Education Science, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy) and Luigi Anolli –

Temporal pattern analysis and its applicability in soccer, Jonathan Bloomfield (Department of Sport, Health & Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, UK), Gudberg K Jonsson, Remco Polman (Department of Sport, Health & Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, UK), Kenneth Houlahan (Sport and exercise development consultant) and Peter O’Donohue (School of Sport, PE & Recreation, University of Wales Institute Cardiff, Cardiff, UK) –

Viewers viewed: facial expression patterns while watching TV news, Dagmar C Unz (Scientific Assistant in Media and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Empirical Human Sciences, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany) and Frank Schwab –

Gender at work: eavesdropping on communication patterns in two token teams, Sabine C Koch (Social Psychology and Communication Researcher, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany), Stephanie M Müller (Research Assistant, Department of Language and Social Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany), Antje Schroeer (Linguist and Communication Researcher, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany), Caja Thimm (Professor of Communication and Media Studies, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany), Lenelis Kruse (Professor of Environmental and Social Psychology, Fernuniversität Hagen, Hagen, Germany) and Joerg Zumbach (Educational and Instructional Psychologist, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany). US $126; EUR 105: £ 73: ISBN 1-586-03509-6


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Armstrong, Susan J; Botzler, Richard G (editors). The animal ethics reader. London ; New York : Routledge, 2003. xx, 588 p. ; 26 cm. Table of contents at the publisher’s website, www.routledge.com. $US 115.00: ISBN 0-415-27588-1; $US 33.95: ISBN 0-415-27589-X (pbk.) August, John R (editor). Consultations in feline internal medicine. Volume 5. St Louis, MO ; London : Elsevier Saunders, c2006. xxvii, 771 p. : illus. ; 29 cm. Table of contents at the website (See especially the section “Population Medicine”): www.us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780721604237 $US 115.00: ISBN-10: 0721604237 Bekoff, Marc. Animal passions and beastly virtues: reflections on redecorating nature ; foreword by Jane Goodall. (Animals, culture, and society). Philadelphia, PA : Temple University Press, c2006. Description and contents available at the website, www.temple.edu/tempress/titles/1784_reg.html $US 79.50: ISBN 1-59213-347-9; $US 26.95: ISBN 1-59213-348-7 (pbk.) Butler, Kris. Therapy dogs: compassionate modalities. Norman, OK : Funpuddle Pub Associates, 2004. [60] p. $US 44.99: ISBN 0-9747793-2-6 (book and DVD); ISBN 0-9747793-1-8 (book only); orders to American Dog Obedience Center LLC, 12201 Buckskin Pass, Norman OK, 73026; OK residents, please add 8% sales tax; website: www.dogprograms.com/books.htm; telephone Funpuddle Publishing Associates at 405-364-7650 for permissions and reduced rates for groups. Dono, Jo-Ann; Ormerod, Elizabeth (editors). Older people and pets : a comprehensive guide. Oxfordshire : Society for Companion Animal Studies, c2005. 207 p. Contents: Foreword, Erhard Olbrich (Department of Psychology, University of

Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bismarckstrasse 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; tel: +41 1 737 4043) –

The benefits of pets for older people : a review, June McNicholas (Criot Cullach, 4 Dunnamuck, Dondonnell, Ross-shire, IV23 1QZ, UK; email: [email protected]) and Alison Murray (Myerscough College, Bilsborrow, Preston, Lancashire, PR3 0RY, UK; email: [email protected]) –

Appropriate pet selection: which owner, which animal? Anne McBride (School of Psychology, University of Southampton, New College Campus, The Avenue, Southampton, SO17 1BG, UK; email: [email protected]) –

Animal-assisted therapy and animal-assisted activities, Susan Dawson (Department of Applied Community Studies, Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Didsbury Campus, 799 Wilmslow Road, Didsbury, Manchester, M20 2RR, UK; email: [email protected]) and Bill Campbell (Department of Applied Community Studies, Faculty of Health, Social Care & Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Didsbury Campus, 799 Wilmslow Road, Didsbury, Manchester, M20 2RR, UK; email: [email protected]) –

AAT and AAA: guidelines for programme planning and implementation, Elizabeth Ormerod (SCAS, The Blue Cross, Shilton, Burford, Oxfordshire, OX18 4PF, UK; email: [email protected]) –

Housing : issues, policies, solutions, Anne McBride –

Assistance dog partnerships and older people, Claire Guest –

Companion animal loss: understanding and supporting older people, Susan Dawson and Bill Campbell –

Alternative opportunities for animal contact, Elizabeth Ormerod – Sources of advice and support for older people, compiled by SCAS. £ 12.50 plus £ 1.50 p&p (£ 2.50 overseas): ISBN 0-9548001-1-7; available from SCAS, at the website: www.scas.org.uk/html/resources_available.htm


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Franklin, Adrian. Animal nation: the true story of animals and Australia. Sydney, NSW : UNSW Press, c2006. 262 p. ; 24 cm. Contents: The animal enigma – Freaks of nature? – Animals and aborigines – Changing nature – The Australian dreaming – Outsider animals? – The pussycat dreaming – Animals and modern Australia. $AU 39.95: ISBN 0868408905 (pbk). Order your copy via the web at this link to receive 20% off the normal price: www.unswpress.com.au/isbn/0868408905specd.htm (Courtesy of Nella Soeterboek, Marketing Manager, UNSW Press; www.unswpress.com.au; email: [email protected]). Greenfield, Haskel J; Fowler, Kent D. The secondary products revolution in Macedonia: the zooarchaeological remains from Megalo Nisi Galanis, a late Neolithic-Early Bronze Age site in Greek Macedonia. (BAR international series ; 1414). Oxford : John and Erica Hedges, 2005. 192 p. : illus., maps, 1 portrait : 30 cm. £ 43.00 plus 10% postage: ISBN 1841717134; order from Hadrian Books, The British Archaeological Reports’ sole vendor, website: www.hadrianbooks.co.uk Herda-Rapp, Ann; Goedeke, Theresa L (editors). Mad about wildlife : looking at social conflict over wildlife. (Human-animal studies ; v.2) Leiden ; Boston, MA : Brill, 2005. vi, 286 p. : illus., map ; 24 cm. Table of contents available at: www.amazon.com/gp/reader/9004143661/ref=sib_dp_top_toc/102-8398594-8740106?%5Fencoding=UTF8&p=5007#reader-link $US 79.00: ISBN 9004143661 (pbk.) Hillix, William A; Rumbaugh, Duane M. Animal bodies, human minds: ape, dolphin, and parrot language skills. (Developments in primatology). New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, c2004. xii, 310 p. : illus. (some col.) ; 26 cm. Review by Douglas K Candland (Program in Animal Behavior, Bucknell University, Lewisburg PA 17837 USA; email:

[email protected])in American Journal of Primatology, 68(5) 2006 May:513-6. $US 49.95: ISBN 0306477394 Ikram, Salima. Divine creatures : animal mummies in ancient Egypt. Cairo ; New York : American University in Cairo Press, c2005. xx, 257 p., [20] p. of plates : illus. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 25 cm. Contents: Divine creatures: animal mummies, Salima Ikram – Manufacturing divinity: the technology of mummification, Salima Ikram – The sacred animal necropolis at North Saqqara: the cults and their catacombs, Paul T Nicholson – Bull cults, Aiden Dodson – The cats of the goddess Bastet, Alain Zivie and Roger Lichtenberg – Tuna al-Gebel: millions of ibises and other animals, Dieter Kessler and Abd el Halim Nur el-Don – The cult and necropolis of the sacred ram at Mendes, Susan Redford and Donald B Redford – Sobek, Lord of the Land of the Lake, Edda Bresciani – Protecting pets and cleaning crocodiles: the Animal Mummy Project, Salima Ikram. $US 29.50; £ 16.95: ISBN 9774248589 (pbk) Lawrence, Marilyn. Animal-assisted therapy: therapy effectiveness evaluation. (Revised ed.). [Fort Myers, FL :] M. K. Lawrence, c2004. one compact disc (4-¾ inches) of 44 pages (mostly forms). Format: Microsoft Word. Contents: Overview – Objectives – Client assessment – Therapy session documentation – Therapy session summary – Document samples. This assessment tool has been validated for adults in: Glacken, Joan; Lawrence, Marilyn K. “Content validation and pilot studies of the Therapy Effectiveness Evaluation for Animal-Assisted Therapy instrument.” American Journal of Recreation Therapy, 4(3) 2005 Summer:21-4. $US 19.95 (incl s&h USA): orders to Marilyn K. Lawrence, 16031 South Pebble Lane, Fort Myers, FL 33912, USA; email: [email protected]


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Luik, Heide [et al.] (editors). From hooves to horns, from mollusk to mammoth: manufacture and use of bone artefacts from prehistoric times to the present: proceedings of the 4th Meeting of the ICAZ Worked Bone Research Group at Tallinn, 26th-31st of August 2003.(Muinasaja teadus; 15). Tallinn : Teaduste Akadeemia Kirjastus, 2005. 445 p. : illus. ; 24 cm. Title also in Estonian. EU 20.00 plus s&h: ISBN 998550383X; order from Archaeological Centre, Tallinn, Estonia; email: [email protected] Marín Arroyo, Ana Belén. Análisis arqueozoológico, tafonómico y de distribución espacial de la fauna de mamiferos de la Cueva de la Fragua (Santoña, Cantabria). Santander, Spain : Ediciones TGD, 2004. 245 p. EU 25.00 if ordering from Spain, EU 28.00 from EU countries, EU 35 from non-EU countries; ISBN 8493379239; order from the author, Ana Belén Marín Arroyo, email: [email protected] Marino, Susan; Flaim, Denise. Getting Lucky : how one special dog found love and a second chance at Angel’s Gate. New York : Stewart, Tabori & Chang, 2005. 144 p. : col. illus. ; 20 cm. Marino is the founder of Angel’s Gate Animal Hospice. $US 18.95: ISBN 1584794100 McGillivray, Debbie; Adamson, Eve. The complete idiot’s guide to pet psychic communication. Indianapolis, IN : Alpha, c2004. xx, 300 p. : illus. ; 23 cm. $US 16.95: ISBN 1592572146 Mills, Daniel et al. (editors). Current issues and research in veterinary behavioral medicine : papers presented at the Fifth International Veterinary Behavior Meeting, editors Daniel Mills, Emily Levine, Gary Landsberg, Debra Horwitz, Margaret Duxbury, Petra Mertens, Kathy Meyer, Lisa Radosta Huntley, Marsha Reich, and Janice Willard. West Lafayette, IN : Purdue University Press, c2005. xvii, 300 p. ; 23 cm. plus 1 CD-ROM (4-3/4 inches) plus 1 addendum ([10] p. ; 23 cm.).

Table of contents at: www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0517/2005022504.html $US 62.95: ISBN 1557534098 Munro, Lyle. Confronting cruelty : moral orthodoxy and the challenge of the animal rights movement. (Human-animal studies ; v.1). Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2005. [xiii], 218 p. ; 24 cm. $US 55.00: ISBN 9004143114 Nakaya, Shannon Fujimoto. Kindred spirit, kindred care : making health decisions on behalf of our animal companions. Novato, CA : New World Library, c2005. xv, 155 p. : 22 cm. Table of contents at: www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip056/2005000880.html $US 13.95: ISBN 1577315073 (pbk) Phelps, Norm. The great compassion : Buddhism and animal rights. New York : Lantern Books, 2004. xx, 208 p. ; 22 cm. $US 16.00: ISBN 1590560698 Preece, Rod. Brute souls, happy beasts, and evolution: the historical status of animals. Vancouver : University of British Columbia Press, c2005. xiii, 480 p. ; 24 cm. Review by John Sorenson (Department of Sociology, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave, St Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada; email: [email protected]) in the Canadian Journal of Sociology Online, 2006 May-Jun at the website: www.cjsonline.ca./reviews/brutesouls.html $CAN 85.00: ISBN 0-7748-1156-0; $CAN 34.95: ISBN 0-7748-1157-9 Rochlitz, Irene (editor). The welfare of cats. (Animal welfare ; v.3). Dordrecht ; Norwell, MA : Springer, c2005. xxi, 282 p. : illus. ; 25 cm. Table of contents: Cat behaviour: social organization, communication and development, Sharon L Crowell-Davis – The assessment of welfare, Rachel A Casey and John W S Bradshaw – The human-cat relationship, Penny L Bernstein


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– Behaviour problems and welfare, Sarah E Heath – Cat overpopulation in the United States, Philip H Kass – The welfare of feral cats, Margaret R Slater – Housing and welfare, Irene Rochlitz – Disease and welfare, Kit Sturgiss – Nutrition and welfare, Kit Sturgiss and Karl J Hurley – Breeding and welfare, Andreas Steiger. Review by Alice Crook (Sir James Dunn Animal Welfare Centre, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada; email: [email protected]) in Applied Animal Welfare Behaviour Science 95(1-2) 2005 Nov:129-31. $US 149.00: ISBN 1-4020-3226-9 Rosen, Steven J. Holy cow : the Hare Krishna contribution to vegetarianism and animal rights. New York : Lantern Books, 2004. xviii, 222 p. : illus. ; 23 cm. $US 17.00: ISBN 1590560663 (pbk). Scott, Naomi. Special needs, special horses : a guide to the benefits of therapeutic riding ; [foreword by J. Warren Evans]. Denton : University of North Texas Press, c2005. xiv, 226 p. : illus. ; 24 cm. $US 39.95: ISBN 157441190X; $US 14.95: ISBN 1574411926 (pbk.) Shanley, Karen. Dogs of dreamtime; a story about second chances and the power of love. Guildford, CT : Lyons Press, c2005. xiv, 236 p. ; 22 cm. $US 19.95: ISBN 1592288200 Sheridan, Kim. Animals and the afterlife : true stories of our best friends’ journey beyond death. Carlsbad, CA : Hay House, [c2006]. Publisher description at www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0625/2005050289-d.html

Reprint of the 2003 edition EnLightHouse Publishers, Escondido, California.

$US 16.95: ISBN-10 1401908896 (tradepaper). Can also be ordered from the author’s toll-free phone 800-654-5126 (USA only) or website www.animalsandtheafterlife.com

Sife, Wallace. The loss of a pet. 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ : Howell Book House, c2005. xii, 260 p. : illus. ; 24 cm. Table of contents available at: www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0512/2005012603.html $US 14.99: ISBN 0-471-75372-1 (eBook, 3807K) $US 14.99: ISBN 0-7645-7930-4 (pbk) Thomas, Richard. Animals, economy and status: the integration of zooarchaeological and historical evidence in the study of Dudley Castle, West Midlands (c.1100-1750). (GAR British series ; 392). Oxford : Archaeopress, 2005. viii, 232 p. : illus. plus CD-ROM ; 30 cm. £ 36.00: ISBN 1841718467; may be ordered online at www.archaeopress.com Unti, Bernard. Protecting all animals : a fifty-year history of the Humane Society of the United States. Washington, DC : Humane Society Press, 2004. vii, 248 p. : illus. (some col.) ; 26 cm. Table of contents at: www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip049/2003021699.html $US 125.00: ISBN 0-9748400-0-9 (casebound with foil stamping); $US 29.50: ISBN 0-99658942-8-2 (pbk); available from the Humane Society Press, HSUS, 700 Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA; fax (orders) 301/258-3082; website: www.hsus.org/press_and_publications/humane_society_press.html


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Contributions to Books Benda, Bill. “Unconditional love of the people-whisperers,” p.227-35. In Church, Dawson (editor). The Heart of healing : inspired ideas, wisdom and comfort from today’s leading voices. Santa Rosa, CA : Elite Books, c2004. 327 p. : illus. ; 24 cm. Full table of contents at : www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0418/2004012538.html $US 24.95: ISBN 0972002839

Benda, William; Lightmark, Rondi. “Healing through collective consciousness: the therapeutic nature of the human/animal bond,” p.550-65, in: Schilz, Marilyn; Amorok, Tina; Micozzi, Marc S (editors). Consciousness and healing: integral approaches to mind-body medicine. Philadelphia, PA : Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, c2005 [2004]. Lx, 585 p. : illus., 21 cm. plus one DVD (4 ¾“). $US 30.95: ISBN 0443068003

Journal Articles Adamelli, S; Marinelli, L; Normando, S; Bono, G. Owner and cat features influence the quality of life of the cat. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 94(1-2) 2005 Oct:89-98. Correspondence to Adamelli, Dipartimento di Scienze Sperimentali Veterinarie, Università di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy; email: [email protected] Adamelli, S; Marinelli, L; Normando, S; Camperio Ciani, A; Bono, G. Factors influencing the quality of life of the cat in its relationship with owners. Veterinary Research Communications, 28, Suppl.1 2004 Aug:149-51. The Italian version is published in the Atti della Società Italiana delle Scienze Veterinarie, 57 2003:73-4 with the title Fattori che influenzano la qualità della vita del gatto nella relazione con il proprietario. Adams, Cindy L; Conlon, Peter D; Long, Kendra Professional and veterinary competencies: addressing human relations and the human-animal bond in veterinary medicine. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 31(1) 2004:66-71 Correspondence to Adams, Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College,

Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; email: [email protected] Allen, Colin. Animal pain. Nous, 38(4) 2004 Dec:617-43. Correspondence to Allen, Department of History & Philosophy of Science, Indiana University, 1 Goodbody Hall, Bloomington IN 47405, USA; email: [email protected] Antonioli, Christian; Reveley, Michael A. Randomised controlled trial of animal facilitated therapy with dolphins in the treatment of depression. BMJ, 331(7527) 2005 Nov 26:1231-4. Available from http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/331/7527/1231 Correspondence to Reveley, Department of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychiatry, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; email: [email protected]

Comment by: Basil, Biju; Mathews, Maju. Human and animal health: strengthening the link: methodological concerns about animal facilitated therapy with dolphins. BMJ, 331(7529)


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2005 Dec 10:1407-1408, with authors’ reply and discussion. Atkinson, Michael; Young, Kevin. Reservoir dogs: greyhound racing, mimesis and sports-related violence. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 40(3) 2005 Sep:335-56. Correspondence to Atkinson, Department of Sociology, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M4, Canada; email: [email protected] Baldry, Anna C. Animal abuse among preadolescents directly and indirectly victimized at school and at home. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 15(2) 2005:97-100 Correspondence to Baldry, Facoltà di Psicologia, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Italy; Honorary Lecturer, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London, UK; email: [email protected] Ballarini, Giovanni. Pet therapy: animals in human therapy. Acta Bio Medica de l’Ateneo Parmense, 74(2) 2003 Aug:97-100. In English and Italian. Conference report; full text available at the website: www.actabiomedica.it/data/2003/2_2003/ballarini.pdf (Accessed 20 Mar 2006). Correspondence to Ballarini, University of Parma, Via Universita 12, 143100 Parma, Italy; email: [email protected] Barberis, Eduardo. Problemi di regolazione della macellazione islamica in Italia: note da una ricerca empirica [Problems of regulation of Islamic slaughter in Italy: note on an empirical study]. Sociologia del Diritto, 31(3) 2004:77-98. In Italian. Barker, Sandra B; Knisely, Janet S; McCain, Nancy L; Best, Al M. Measuring stress and immune response in healthcare professionals following interaction with a therapy dog: a pilot study. Psychological Reports, 96(3) 2005 Jun:713-29.

Correspondence to Barker, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980710, Richmond, VA 23298-0710, USA; email: [email protected] Beale, Colin M; Monaghan, Pat. Behavioural responses to human disturbance: a matter of choice? Animal Behaviour, 68(5) 2004 Nov:1065-9. Correspondence to Beale, Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Bldg, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland; email: [email protected] Bekoff, Marc. Considering animals—not “higher” primates. Zygon, 38(2) 2003 Jun:229-45. Correspondence to Bekoff, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; email: [email protected] Benda, William; Lightmark, Rondi. People whisperers. Shift (Sausalito, Calif.), no.3 2004 Jun-Aug:30-3. Review of the health benefits of human/animal interactions. Available from the website: www.noetic.org/publications/shift/issue3/s3_bendalightmark.pdf (Accessed 7 Jan 2006). Benda, William. The therapeutic nature of the human/animal bond: implications for integrative public health. Integrative Medicine, 3(3) 2004 Jun/Jul:26-30. Correspondence to Benda, Institute for Children, Youth and Families, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA; email: [email protected] Bergeaud-Blackler, Florence. Nouveau enjeux autour de l’abattage ritual musulman: une perspective europeenne. [New challenges for Islamic ritual slaughtering: a European perspective] Cahiers d’Economie et Sociologie Rurales, 73 2004:5-33. In French. Correspondence to Bergeaud-Blackler (formerly Laboratoire d’Anthropologie,


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Université de la Mediterranée, Aix-Marseille, France); email: [email protected] Berry, Bonnie. International progress and regress on animal rights. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 24(9) 204:58-75. Correspondence to Berry, Social Problems Research Group, Gig Harbor, WA 98335, USA; email: [email protected] Blakeley, Donald N. Listening to the animals: the Confucian view of animal welfare. Journal of Chinese Philosophy, 30(2) 2003 Jun:137-57. Correspondence to Blakeley, Department of Philosophy, Fresno State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA; email: [email protected] Brensing, Karsten; Linke, Katrin; Todt, Dietmar. Can dolphins heal by ultrasound? Journal of Theoretical Biology, 225(1) 2003 Nov:99-105. Correspondence to Brensing, Institute of Behavioral Research, Free University of Berlin, Verhaltensbiologie Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163 Berlin, Germany; email: [email protected] Bussotti, Edna Aperecida; Riberio Leão, Eliseth; Nascimento Chimentão, Denise Maria; Rodrigues Silva, Cristiane Pavanello. Assistência individualizada: “Posso trazer meu cachorro?” [Individualized care: can I bring my dog?] Revista da Escola Enfermagem da U.S.P., 39(2) 2005 Jun:195-201. Available from the journal website, www.ee.usp.br/reeusp/upload/pdf/26.pdf Text in Portuguese; summaries also in English and Spanish. Correspondence to Bussotti, Rua Ernesto dos Santos 247, Jd. Independência CEP, 03225-000, São Paulo, Brazil; email: [email protected] Byrne, Richard W; Barnard, Philip J; Davidson, Iain; Janik, Vincent M; McGrew, William C; Miklósi, Ádám; Wiessner, Polly. Understanding culture across species. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8(8) 2004 Aug:341-6.

Correspondence to Byrne, Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JU, UK; email: [email protected] Csatádi, K; Kustos, K; Eiben, Cs; Bilkó, Á; Altbäcker, V. Even minimal human contact linked to nursing reduces fear responses toward humans in rabbits. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 95(1-2) 2005 Nov:123-8. Correspondence to Altbäcker, Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, 2131 Göd, Jávorka Sándor Utca 14, Hungary; email: [email protected] Davis, Steven L. The least harm principle may require that humans consume a diet containing large herbivores, not a vegan diet. Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics, 16(4) 2003 Jul:387-94. Correspondence to Davis, Department of Animal Sciences, 112 Withycombe Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-6702, USA; email: [email protected] Dayton, Eric. Could it be worth thinking about Descartes on whether animals have beliefs? History of Philosophy Quarterly, 21(1) 2004 Jan:63-80. Correspondence to Dayton, Department of Philosophy, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A5, Canada; email: [email protected] Debuse, Dorothée; Chandler, Colin; Gibb, Catherine. An exploration of German and British physiotherapists’ views on the effects of hippotherapy and their measurement. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 21(4) 2005 Oct-Dec:219-42. Correspondence to Debuse, School of Health, Community and Education Studies, Northumbria University, Room A107, Coach Lane Campus West, Coach Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE77XA,UK; email: [email protected]


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Despret, Vinciane. The body we care for: figures of anthropo-zoo-genesis. Body & Society, 10(2-3) 2004 Jun-Sep:111-34.

By influencing his human questioners, the horse Clever Hans attuned, affected, and influenced other “bodies”. Despret follows how, as ethologists are influenced by the creatures of their study, they reflect this phenomenon, and how this provides a “pragmatic definition of the body, close to James’s theory of emotions: to have a body is to learn how to feel.”

Correspondence to Despret, BAT A1, Département de philosophie, place du 20-Aout 7, 4000 Liege, Belgium; email: [email protected] Duarte-Quiroga, Alejandra; Estrada, Alejandro. Primates as pets in Mexico City: an assessment of the species involved, source of origin, and general aspects of treatment. American Journal of Primatology, 61(2) 2003 Oct:53-60. Correspondence to Estrada, Laboratorio de Primatología, Estación de Biología Los Tuxtlas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo 176, San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz, Mexico; email: [email protected] Fielding, William J; Plumridge, Susan J. Characteristics of owned dogs on the island of New Providence, the Bahamas. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 8(4) 2005:245-60. Correspondence to Fielding, The College of the Bahamas, Oakes Field Campus, New Providence, The Bahamas; email: [email protected] Fjellström, Roger. Is Singer’s ethics speciesist? Environmental Values, 12(1) 2003 Feb:91-106. Correspondence to Fjellström, Department of Philosophy and Linguistics, University of Umeå, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; email: [email protected] Gagnon, Johanne; Bouchard, France; Landry, Marie; Belles-Isles, Marthe; Fortier, Martine; Fillion, Lise. Implementing a hospital-based animal therapy program for children with cancer: a

descriptive study. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal, 14(4) 2004 Fall:217-22. Correspondence to Gagnon, Faculty of Nursing, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, Bureau 4106, Laval University, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada; email: [email protected] Garrod, Brian; Fennell, David A. An analysis of whalewatching codes of conduct. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2) 2004:334-52. Correspondence to Garrod, Institute of Rural Sciences, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Llanbadarn Fawr, Aberystwyth, SY23 3AL, UK; email: [email protected] Glacken, Joan; Lawrence, Marilyn K.

Content validation and pilot studies of the Therapy Effectiveness Evaluation for Animal-Assisted Therapy instrument. American Journal of Recreation Therapy, 4(3) 2005 Summer:21-4.

Correspondence to Glacken, College of Health Professions, 146 Griffin Hall, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Blvd South, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, USA; email: [email protected] The 44 page TEE/AAT instrument is available for $19.95 incl s&h on a CD-ROM from Marilyn Lawrence, 16031 South Pebble Lane, Fort Myers, FL 33912, USA; email: [email protected] Godfrey-Smith, Peter. Folk psychology under stress: comments on Susan Hurley’s ‘Animal action in the space of reasons,’Mind & Language, 18(3) 2003 Jun:266-272 Correspondence to Godfrey-Smith, Department of Philosophy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2155 CA, USA; email: [email protected] Green, P C; Gullone, E. Knowledge and attitudes of Australian veterinarians to animal abuse and human interpersonal violence. Australian Veterinary Journal, 83(10) 2005 Oct:17-23. Correspondence to Gullone, Department of Psychology, Monash University, Monash, Victoria 3800, Australia; email: [email protected]


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Groothuis, Ton G G; Carere, Claudio. Avian personalities: characterization and epigenesis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 29(1) 2005 Feb:137-50. Review article focusing on behavioral profiles of the great tit (Parus major). Correspondence to Groothuis, Animal Behaviour Group, University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands; email: [email protected] Hadley, John. Nonhuman animal property: reconciling environmentalism and animal rights. Journal of Social Philosopy, 36(3) 2005 Fall:305-15. Correspondence to Hadley, Graduate Student, Department of Philosophy, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia. Hakansson, N Thomas. The human ecology of world systems in East Africa: the impact of the ivory trade. Human Ecology, 32(5) 2004 Oct:561-91. Correspondence to Hakansson, Department of Anthropology, 211 Lafferty Hall,University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA; email: [email protected] Hammer, Ann; Nilsagård, Ylva; Forsberg, Anette; Pepa, Helena; Skargren, Elisabeth; Öberg, Birgitta. Evaluation of therapeutic riding (Sweden)/hippotherapy (United States). A single-subject experimental design study replicated in eleven patients with multiple sclerosis. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 21(2) 2005 Jan-Mar:21-77. Correspondence to Hammer, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Örebro University Hospital, 70185 Örebro, Sweden; email: [email protected] Heeger, Robert. Reasonable partiality to domestic animals. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 8(1-2) 2005 Apr:123-139. Correspondence to Heeger, Ethics Institute, University of Utrecht, Heidelbergerlaan 2, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; email: [email protected]

Hensley, Christopher; Tallichet, Suzanne E. Learning to be cruel? Exploring the onset and frequency of animal cruelty. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 49(1) 2005 Feb:37-47. Correspondence to Tallichet, Department of Sociology, Social Work & Criminology, 347 Rader Hall, 150 University Blvd, Morehead State University, Kentucky 40351, USA; email: [email protected] Hiby, E F; Rooney N J; Bradshaw, J W S. Dog training methods: their use, effectiveness and interaction with behaviour and welfare. Animal Welfare, 13(1) 2004 Feb:63-9. Correspondence to Hiby, Anthrozoology Institute, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DT, UK; [email protected] Hsu, Yuying; Serpell, James A. Development and validation of a questionnaire for measuring behavior and temperament traits in pet dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 223(9) 2003 Nov 1:1293-1300.

Correspondence to Serpell, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104-6010, USA; email [email protected]: Hsu, Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 162 HePing Road, Section 1, Taipei 106, Taiwan; email: [email protected] Humphries, Tracy L. Effectiveness of dolphin-assisted therapy as a behavioral intervention for young children with disabilities. Bridges: Practice-Based Research Syntheses, 1(6) 2003 May:1-9 Review article. Available at the Research and Training Center on Early Childhood Development website: www.evidencebasedpractices.org/bridges/bridges_vol1_no6.pdf (Accessed 23 Mar 2006). Summary titled “Magical fun, maybe … but is swimming with dolphins therapy?” in Bottomlines, 1(6) 2003 May:1, available from the website: www.evidencebasedpractices.org/ bottomlines/bottomlines_vol1_no6.pdf


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Correspondence to Humphries Masiello, Orelena Hawks Puckett Institute, Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Asheville, NC, 28801, USA; email: [email protected] Hunter, Lori M; Brehm, Joan M. A qualitative examination of value orientations toward wildlife and biodiversity by rural residents of the Intermountain West. Human Ecology Review, 11(1) 2004 Spring:13-26. Correspondence to Hunter, Program for the Environment and Behavior, Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 468, Boulder CO 80309-0468, USA; email: [email protected] Hurley, Susan. Animal action in the space of reasons. Mind & Language, 18(3) 2003 Jun:231-56 See the commentaries by Peter Godfrey-Smith and Kim Sterelny, as well as Hurley’s response, Making sense of animals. Correspondence to Hurley, PAIS, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; email: [email protected] Hurley, Susan. Making sense of animals: interpretation vs. architecture. Mind &Llanguage, 18(3) 2003 Jun:273-80 Correspondence to Hurley, PAIS, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; email: [email protected] Irani, S; Mahler, C; Goetzmann, L; Russi, E W; Boehlher, A. Lung transplant recipients holding companion animals: impact on physical health and quality of life. American Journal of Transplantation, 6 2006:404-11. Correspondence to Boehler, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland; email: [email protected] Irvine, Leslie. The problem of unwanted pets: a case study in how institutions “think” about clients’ needs. Social Problems, 50(4) 2003 Nov:550-66.

Correspondence to Irvine, Department of Sociology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 219 Ketchum 327 UCB, Boulder CO 80309-0327, USA; email: [email protected] Jalongo, Mary Renck. “What are all these dogs doing at school?”: using therapy dogs to promote children’s reading practice. Childhood Education, 81(3) 2005 Spring:152-8. Correspondence to Jalongo, 312 Davies Hall, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705, USA; email: [email protected] Jalongo, Mary Renck; Astorino, Terri; Bomboy, Nancy. Canine visitors: the influence of therapy dogs on young children’s learning and well-being in classrooms and hospitals. Early Childhood Education Journal, 32(1) 2004 Aug:9-16. Correspondence to Jalongo, 312 Davies Hall, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705, USA; email: [email protected] Jofré M, Leonor. Visita terapéutica de mascotas en hospitals. [Animal-assisted therapy in health care hospitals]. Revista Chilena de Infectología, 22(4) 2005 Sep:257-63.

Available from the website, www.scielo.cl/pdf/rc/v22n3/art07.pdf (Accessed 20 Mar 2006). Article in Spanish; title from English summary. Correspondence to Jofré, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; email: [email protected] Jones, Amanda C; Gosling, Samuel D. Temperament and personality in dogs (Canis familiaris): a review and evaluation of past research. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 95(1-2) 2005 Nov:1-53. Correspondence to Jones, Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A8000, Austin, TX 78712-0187, USA; email: [email protected] Kerepesi, A; Jonsson, G K; Miklósi, Á; Topál, J; Csányi, V; Magnusson, M S.


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Detection of temporal patterns in dog-human interaction. Behavioural Processes, 70(1) 2005 Aug:69-79. Correspondence to Kerepesi, Comparative Ethology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1051 Budapest, Roosevelt-tér 9, Hungary; email: [email protected] Kuzniar, Alice. A higher language: Novalis on communion with animals. German Quarterly, 76(4) 2003 Fall:426-42 Correspondence to Kuzniar, Germanic Languages, 436 Dey Hall, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27515, USA; email: [email protected] Lekan, Todd. Integrating justice and care in animal ethics. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 21(2) 2004:183-95. Correspondence to Lekan, Religion and Philosophy Department, Muskingum College, New Concord, OH 43762, USA; email: [email protected] Levy, Neil. Cohen and kinds: a response to Nathan Nobis. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 21(2) 2004 Aug:213-7. Correspondence to Levy, Center for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; email: [email protected] Levy, Neil. What (if anything) is wrong with bestiality? Journal of Social Philosophy, 34(3) 2003 Fall:444-56. Correspondence to Levy, Center for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; email: [email protected] Lindsay, Ronald A. Slaves, embryos and non-human animals: moral status and the limitations of common morality theory. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, 15(4) 2005 Dec:323-46.

Lo, Shu-Fen; Kung, Shiow-Mei; Tseng, Mei-Lian; Lin, Shu-Jiuan; Chang, Shu-Shain. [Clinical applications of pet therapy in nursing]. Hu Li Za Zhi = The Journal of Nursing (China), 50(1) 2003:93-7. Text in Chinese, abstract in English. Correspondence to Lo (Instructor, Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi College of Technology, Hualian, Taiwan, ROC), 880, Sec.2, Chien-kuo Rd, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC; email: [email protected] Lucidi, Pia; Bernabò, Nicola; Panunzi, Michela; Dalla Villa, Paolo; Mattioli, Mauro. Ethothest: a new model to identify (shelter) dogs’ skills as service animals or adoptable pets. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 95(1-2) 2005 Nov:103-22. Correspondence to Lucidi, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Comparate, Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo 64100, Italy; email: [email protected] Luke, Brian. Animal sacrifice: a model of paternal exploitation. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 24(9) 2004:18-44. Macauley, Beth L; Gutierrez, Karla M. The effectiveness of hippotherapy for children with language-learning disabilities. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 25(4) 2004 Summer:205-17. Pages 224-8 include the Journal Self-Study CEUs Answer Sheet & Evaluation for this issue of Communication Disorders Quarterly. Correspondence to Macauley, Department of Communicative Disorders, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, PO Box 870242, 700 University Blvd E, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0242, USA; email: [email protected] Macnaghten, Phil. Animals in their nature: a case study on public attitudes to animals, genetic modification and ‘nature.’ Sociology, 38(3) 2004:533-51. Correspondence to Macnaghten, Institute for Environmental Philosophy and Public Policy, IEPPP, Furness College, Lancaster University,


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Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; email: [email protected] Martin, François; Taunton, Anne. Perceptions of the human-animal bond in veterinary education of veterinarians in Washington State: structured versus experiential learning. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 32(4) 2005:523-30. Correspondence to Martin, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, PO Box 647010, Pullman WA 99164-7010, USA; email: [email protected] Matheny, Gaverick. Least harm: a defense of vegetarianism from Steven Davis’s omnivorous proposal. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 16(5) 2003 Sep:505-11. Correspondence to Matheny, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA; email: [email protected] Mayon-White, Richard.

Commentary: pets—pleasures and problems. BMJ, 331(7527) 2005 Nov 26:1254-5. Comment on BMJ, 331(7527) 2005 Nov 26:1252-4.

Correspondence to Mayon-White, Department of Primary Health Care, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7L, UK: email: [email protected]

Commentary on McCulloch et al., BMJ, 331(7527) 2005 Nov 26:1252-4.

McCulloch, Michael; Jezierski, Tadeusz; Broffman, Michael; Hubbard, Alan; Turner, Kirk; Janecki, Teresa. Diagnostic accuracy of canine scent detection in early- and late-stage lung and breast cancers. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 5(1) 2006:30-9. Correspondence to McCulloch, Pine Street Foundation, 124 Pine St, San Anselmo, CA 94960, USA; email: [email protected] McNicholas, June; Gilbey, Andrew; Rennie, Ann; Ahmedzai, Sam; Dono, Jo-Ann; Ormerod, Elizabeth.

Pet ownership and human health: a brief review of evidence and issues. BMJ, 331(7527) 2005 Nov 26:1252-4. Available from http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/331/7527/1252 Correspondence to McNicholas, Croit Cullach, Durnamuck, Dundonnell, Ross-shire, IV23 2QR, UK; [email protected] Comment by Richard Mayon-White, “Pets—pleasures and problems,” BMJ, 331(7527) 2005 Nov 26:1254-5. Correspondence to Mayon-White, Department of Primary Health Care, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7L, UK; email: [email protected] Miklósi, Ádam; Pongrácz, Péter; Lakatos, Gabriella; Topál, József; Csányi, Vilmos. A comparative study of the use of visual communication signals in interactions between dogs (Canis familiaris) and humans and cats (Felis catus) and humans. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 119(2) 2005 May:179-86. Correspondence to Miklósi, Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, H-1117 Hungary; email: [email protected] Millhouse-Flourie, Tracey J. Physical, occupational, respiratory, speech, equine and pet therapies for mitochondrial disease. Mitochondrion, 4(5-6) 2004 Sep:549-58. Correspondence to Millhouse-Flourie, 1085 Woodside Way, Del Mar, CA 92014, USA; email: [email protected] Motomura, Naoyasu; Yagi, Takayoshi; Ohyama, Hitomi. Animal assisted therapy for people with dementia. Psychogeriatrics, 4(2) 2004 Jun:40-2. Correspondence to Motomura, National Mental Support Center for School Crisis, Osaka Kyoiku University, 1-2-10, Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, Japan; email: [email protected]


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Nobis, Nathan. Carl Cohen’s ‘kind’ arguments for animal rights and against human rights. Journal of Applied Philosophy, 21(1) 2004:43-59. Correspondence to Nobis, Philosophy Department, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627-0078; email: [email protected] Ormerod, E J; Edney, A T B; Foster, S J; Whyham, M C. Therapeutic applications of the human-companion animal bond. Veterinary Record, 157(22) 2005 Nov 26:689-91. Reprinted in The SCAS Journal, 17(4) 2005/2006 Winter:2-4. Review article. The article traces the history of the human-companion animal bond and discusses current programs and the key requirements for their success. Correspondence to Ormerod, Beech Lodge, Holmefield Close, Cleveleys, Lancashire FY5 2QL, UK. Otto, Cynthia M; Downend, Amanda B; Serpell, James A; Ziemer, Lisa S; Saunders, H Mark. Medical and behavioral surveillance of dogs deployed to the World Trade Center and the Pentagon from October 2001 to June 2002. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 225(6) 2004 Sep 15:861-7. Correspondence to Otto, Dept of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104-6010, USA; email: [email protected]. Pachana, Nancy A; Ford, Jessica H; Brooke, Andrew; Dobson, Annette J. Relations between companion animals and self-reported health in older women: cause, effect or artifact? International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 12(2) 2005:103-10. Available at the website, http://10.207/s16327558ijbm1202_8 ($24.00) Correspondence to Pachana, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia; email: [email protected] Palmer, Clare. Colonization, urbanization, and animals. Philosophy and Geography, 6(1) 2003 Feb:47-58.

Correspondence to Palmer, Institute for Environmental Philosophy and Public Policy, IEPPP, Furness College, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK Parshall, Debra Phillips. Research and reflection: animal-assisted therapy in mental health settings. Counseling & Values, 48(1) 2003 Oct:47-56. Correspondence to Parshall, Counseling for Wellness, 420 West Main St, Kent, OH 44240, USA; email: [email protected] Pauley, John A. The value of hunting. Journal of Value Inquiry, 37(2) 2003 Jun:233-44. Correspondence to Pauley, Simpson College, Department of Philosophy, 701 North C Street, Indianola IN 50125, USA; email: [email protected] Pearson, Susan J. The cow and the plow: animal suffering, human guilt, and the crime of cruelty. Studies in Law, Politics, and Society, 36(1) 2005:77-101. Correspondence to Pearson, Department of History, 1881 Sheridan Rd #202, Northwestern University, Evanston OH, 60208, USA; email: [email protected] Peterson, Gregor R. Being conscious of Marc Bekoff: thinking of animal self-consciousness. Zygon, 38(2) 2003 Jun:247-56. Correspondence to Peterson, South Dakota State University, Scobey 336, Box 504, Brookings, SD 57007, USA email: [email protected] Prato-Previde, Emanuela; Gallani, Gaia; Valsecchi, Paola. Gender differences in owners interacting with pet dogs: an observational study. Ethology, 112(1) 2006 Jan:64-73. Correspondence to Prato-Previde, Istituto di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via T. Pini 1, Milano, 20134 Italy; email: [email protected]


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Preece, Rod. Darwinism, Christianity, and the great vivisection debate. Journal of the History of Ideas, 64(3) 2003 Jul:399-419 Correspondence to Preece, Department of Political Science, Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada Reisner, A E. Newspaper coverage of controversies about large-scale swine facilities in rural communities in Illinois. Journal of Animal Science, 83 2005:2705-12. Correspondence to Reisner, Department of Human and Community Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 274 Bevier Hall, 905 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana IL 61801, USA; email: [email protected] Reiter, David. Rachels, naturalism, and the status of human beings. Journal of Philosophical Research, 28 2003:403-14. Correspondence to Reiter, Philosophy, Grand Canyon University, 3300 West Camelback Road, Phoenix AZ 85017, USA, email: [email protected] Richeson, Nancy E. Effects of animal-assisted therapy on agitated behaviors and social interactions of older adults with dementia: an evidence-based therapeutic recreation intervention. American Journal of Recreation Therapy, 2(4) 2003 Fall:9-16. Correspondence to Richeson, Dept of Recreation and Leisure Studies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St, PO Box 9300, Portland ME 04104-9300, USA; email: [email protected] Richeson, Nancy E; McCullough, William T. Animal-assisted activities: sample programs. Activities Directors’ Quarterly for Alzheimer’s & Other Dementia Patients, 5(3) 2004 Summer:42-8. Correspondence to Richeson, Dept of Recreation and Leisure Studies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St, PO Box 9300,

Portland ME 04104-9300, USA; email: [email protected] Richeson, Nancy E; McCullough, William T. An evidence-based animal-assisted therapy protocol and flow sheet for the geriatric recreation therapy practice. American Journal of Recreation Therapy, 2002 Fall:25-31. Correspondence to Richeson, Dept of Recreation and Leisure Studies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St, PO Box 9300, Portland ME 04104-9300, USA; email: [email protected] Richeson, Nancy E; McCullough, William T. A therapeutic recreation intervention using animal-assisted therapy: effects on the subjective well-being of older adults. Annual in Therapeutic Recreation, 12 2003:1-6,57-64. Correspondence to Richeson, Dept of Recreation and Leisure Studies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St, PO Box 9300, Portland ME 04104-9300, USA; email: [email protected] Rochlitz, Irene. A review of the housing requirements of domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) kept in the home. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 93(1-2) 2005 Sep:97-109. Correspondence to Rochlitz, Animal Welfare and Human-Animal Interactions Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, UK; email: [email protected] Rolandelli, Pamela S; Dunst, Carl J. Influences of hippotherapy on the motor and social-emotional behavior of young children with disabilities. Bridges: Practice-Based Research Syntheses, 2(1) 2003 Sep:1-10. Review article. Available at the website, www.evidencebasedpractices.org/bridges/bridges_vol2_no1.pdf (Accessed 4 Oct 2005) Summary titled “Saddle up, but …” in Bottomlines, 2(1)2003, at the website www.evidencedbasedpractices.org/bottomlines/bottomlines_vol2_no1.pdf (Accessed 28 March 2006)


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Correspondence to Dunst, Orelena Hawks Puckett Institute, 18A Regent Park Blvd, Asheville, NC 28806, USA; email: [email protected] Rollin, Bernard E. Reasonable partiality and animal ethics. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 8(1-2) 2005 Apr:105-21. Correspondence to Rollin, Department of Philosophy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1781, USA: email: [email protected] Rothe, Eugenio Quiroz; Vega, Beatriz Jimínez; Torres, Rafael Mazo; Solver, Silvia María Campos; Pazos, Rosa María Molina. From kids and horses: equine facilitated psychotherapy for children. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 5(2) 2005 May:373-82. Correspondence to Rothe, Departamento de Patología General Veterinaria, Universidad Alfonso X, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n. 28429, Villanueva de la Canada, Madrid, Spain; email: [email protected] This article has been retracted by the authors in International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 6(1) 2006 Jan. Susan M Taylor’s master’s thesis, which is available on her website, www.equinefacilitatedpsychotherapy.org, was copied; further, the citations were inaccurately copied. Roy, Michael M; Christenfeld, Nicholas J S. Dogs still do resemble their owners. Psychological Science, 16(9) 2005 Sep:743-4. Comment on: Levine, DouglasW. Do dogs resemble their owners? A reanalysis of Roy & Christenfeld. Psychological Science, 16(1) 2005 Jan:83-4; correspondence to Levine, Dept of Psychology, University of South Carolina, 1334 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29201, USA; email: [email protected] Correspondence to Christenfeld, Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093-0109, USA; email: [email protected]

Sabbatini, Gloria; Stammati, Margherita; Tavares, Maria Clotilde H; Giuliani, Maria Vittoria; Visalberghi, Elisabetta. Interactions between humans and capuchin monkeys (Cebus libidinosus) in the Parque Nacional de Brasília, Brazil. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 97(2-4) 2006 May:272-83. Correspondence to Visalberghi, Unità de Primatologia Cognitiva, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione, Consiglio Nazionale dell Ricerche, Via Ulisse Aldrovandri 16/B, 00197 Roma, Italia; email: [email protected] Schudt, Karl. Are animal rights inimical to human dignity? Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association, 77 2003:189-203. Correspondence to Schudt, Saint Xavier University, Room N409, Warde Academic Center, 3700 West 103rd St, Chicago, IL 60655-3105, USA; email: [email protected] Segurson, Sheila A; Serpell, James A; Hart, Benjamin L. Evaluation of a behavioral assessment questionnaire for use in the characterization of behavioral problems of dogs relinquished to animal shelters. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 227(11) 2005 Dec 1:1755-61. Correspondence to Segurson, Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis CA 95616, USA; email: [email protected] Serio-Silva, Juan Carlos. Las Islas de los Changos (the Monkey Islands): the economic impact of ecotourism in the region of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico. American Journal of Primatology, 68(5) 2006 May:499-506. Correspondence to Serio-Silva, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Ecología Animal, Instituto de Ecología, AC, km. 2.5 Antigua Carretera a Coatepec, no.351 Congregación El Haya, CP 91070, Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa, Veracruz, México; email: [email protected]


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Stasi, M F; Amati, D; Costa, C; Resta, D; Senepa, G; Scarafioiti, C; Aimonino, N; Molaschi, M. Pet-therapy: a trial for institutionalized frail elderly patients. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. Supplement 9 2004:407-12. Supplement 9 is called Affective, behavior and cognitive disorders in the elderly, edited by C Cucinatti, G Ravagera and I Sz-Nagy. Correspondence to Molaschi, Department of Medical and Surgical Disciplines, Geriatric Section, University of Torino, S Giovanni Battista Hospital, Corso Bramante, 88, 10126 Torino, Italy; email: [email protected] Sterelny, Kim. Charting control-space: comments on Susan Hurley’s ‘Animal action in the space of reasons.’ Mind & Language, 18(3) 2003 Jun:257-65 Correspondence to Sterelny, Department of Philosophy, Victoria University of Wellington, P O Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand; email: [email protected] Streiffer, Robert. At the edge of humanity: human stem cells, chimeras, and moral status. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, 15(4) 2005 Dec:347-70. Correspondence to Streiffer, Dept of Medical History and Bioethics, 141 Medical Science Ctr, 1300 University Ave, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI 53706-1532, USA; email: [email protected] Tallet, Céline; Veissier, Isabelle; Boivin, Xavier. Human contact and feeding as rewards for the lamb’s affinity to their stockperson. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 94(1-2) 2005 Oct:59-73. Correspondence to Tallet, INRA Centre de Recherche de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivoresm Adaptation et Comportements Sociaux, F-63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France; email: [email protected] Taylor, Antony. ‘Pig-sticking princes’: Royal hunting, moral outrage, and the republican opposition to

animal abuse in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Britain. History, 89(293) 2004 Jan:30-48. Correspondence to Taylor, Senior Lecturer in History, Faculty of Development and Society, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Howard St, Sheffield S1 1WB, South Yorkshire, UK; email: [email protected] Thomas, Sydney Carroll; Beirne, Piers. Humane education and humanistic philosophy: toward a new curriculum. Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 41(2) 2002 Fall:190-9. Correspondence to Thomas, 5766 Shibbles Hall, College of Education and Human Development, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5766, USA; email: [email protected] Toray, Tamina. The human-animal bond and loss: providing support for grieving clients. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 26(3) 2004 Jul:244-59. Correspondence to Toray, Psychology Division, Todd Hall 318, Western Oregon University, Monmouth OR 97361, USA; email: [email protected] Turner, Mark. The origin of selkies. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 11(5-6) 2004 May-Jun:90-115. Correspondence to Turner, Dean, College of Arts & Sciences, Case Western University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-7068, USA; email: [email protected] Van Heerden, M; Du Preez, M S E. Promoting positive human-animal interaction: the role of the social worker in the multidisciplinary team. Maatskaplike Werk = Social Work, 38(2) 2002:91-204. Correspondence to Van Heerden, Department of Social Work and Criminology, Humanities Bldg, Floor 10, Room 21, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa; email: [email protected] Vas, Judit; Topál, József; Gácsi, Márta; Miklósi, Ádám; Csányi, Vilmos.


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A friend or an enemy? Dogs’ reaction to an unfamiliar person showing behavioural cues of threat and friendliness at different times. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 94(1-2) 2005 Oct:99-115. Correspondence to Vas, Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, 2131 Göd, Jávorka Sándor Utca 14, H-1117, Budapest, Pázmány P.s. 1/c., Hungary; email: [email protected] Velde, Beth P; Cipriani, Joseph; Fisher, Grace. Resident and therapist views of animal-assisted therapy: implications for occupational therapy practice. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 52(1) 2005 Mar:43-50. Correspondence to Velde, East Carolina University, Carol Belk Bldg Rm 306B, Greenville, NC 27858, USA; email: [email protected] Virányi, Zsófia; Topál, József; Gácsi, Márta; Miklósi, Ádám; Csányi, Vilmos. Dogs respond appropriately to cues of humans’ attentional focus. Behavioural Processes, 66(2) 2004 May:161-72. Correspondence to Virányi, Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, 2131 Göd, Jávorka Sándor Utca 14, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; email: [email protected] Virués-Ortega, Javier; Buela-Casal, Gualberto. Psychophysiological effects of human-animal interaction: theoretical issues and long-term interaction effects. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 194(1) 2006 Jan:52-7. Review article. Correspondence to Virués-Ortega, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, C/Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain; email: [email protected]. Walker, Dianne Beidler; Walker, James Cornelius; Cavnar, Peter James; Taylor, Jennifer Leigh; Pickel, Duane Howard; Hill, Sandra Biddle; Suarez, Joseph Carlos. Naturalistic quantification of canine olfactory sensitivity. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 97(2-4) 2006 May:241-54. Correspondence to J C Walker, Sensory Research Institute, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr, B-

340 NHMFL, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-2741, USA; email: [email protected] Watanabe, Shinichi; Izawa, Masako; Kato, Akiko; Ropert-Coudert, Yan; Naito, Yasuhito. A new technique for monitoring the detailed behavior of terrestrial animals: a case study with the domestic cat. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 94(1-2) 2005 Oct:117-31. Correspondence to Watanabe, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukus, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan; email: [email protected] Wells, D L. The influence of toys on the behaviour and welfare of kenneled dogs. Animal Welfare, 13 2004:367-73. Contact Wells, Canine Behaviour Centre, School of Psychology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland; email: [email protected] Williams, Anna. Disciplining animals: sentience, production, and critique. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 24(9) 2004:45-57. On the implications of pre-slaughter animal handling à la Temple Grandin. Willis, Carolyn M; Church, Susannah M; Guest, Claire M; Cook, W Andrew; McCarthy, Noel; Bransbury, Anthea J; Church, Martin R T; Church, John R T. Olfactory detection of human bladder cancer by dogs: proof of principle study. BMJ, 329(7468) 2004 Sep 25:712-4. Abridged version available from the BMJ website, http://bmj.com; the full text version is available at http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7468/712 Comment and authors’ reply in BMJ, 329(7477) 2004 Nov 27:1286-7; updated information and services can be found at http://bmj.com.cgi/content/full/329/7468/712 Correspondence to Willis, Department of Dermatology, Amersham Hospital, Amersham HP7 0JD, UK; email: [email protected]


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Wolff, Andrew I; Frishman, William H. Animal-assisted therapy in cardiovascular disease. Seminars in Integrative Medicine, 2(4) 2004 Dec:131-4. Review article on the impact of pets and ownership on cardiovascular health. Correspondence to Frishman, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; email: [email protected] Young, Rhona Lee. Horsemastership, part 1: Therapeutic components and link to occupational therapy. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 12(2) 2005 Feb:78-83. ---. Horsemastership, part 2: Physical, psychological, educational and social benefits. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 12(3) 2005 Mar:120-5. ---. Horsemastership, part 3: International perspectives of its therapeutic value. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 12(4) 2005 Apr:171-6. Editorial comment, Horsemastership in rehabilitation, by William Benda in International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 12(2) 2005 Feb: Correspondence to Young, The Fortune Centre of Riding Therapy, Avon Tyrrell, Bransgore, Christchurch, Dorset BH23 8EE, UK; email: [email protected]. The Centre’s website is: www.fortunecentre.org; email: [email protected] Animal Law, 12(1) 2005. Portland, OR : Lewis & Clark Law School, c2005. Contents: Animal welfare: its place in legislation, Christopher Shays (United States

Representative, Connecticut’s Fourth Congressional District) –

Man[‘s best friend] does not live by bread alone: imposing a duty to provide veterinary care, Phyllis Coleman (Shepard Broad Law Center, Nova Southeastern University, 3305 College Ave, Fort Lauderdale-Davie, FL 33314, USA; email: [email protected]) –

Looking for a nexus between trust, compassion, and regulation: Colorado’s search for standards of care for private, non-profit wildlife sanctuaries, Katherine A Burke fs–

Reparations as a basis for the Makah’s right to whale, Russell C D’Costa –

Maximizing scientific integrity in environmental regulations: the need for Congress to provide guidance when scientific methods are inadequate or when data is inconclusive, Mariyetta Meyers. Animal Liberation Philosophy and Policy Journal, vol. II, issue 4, 2005 [El Paso : Department of Philosophy, University of Texas at El Paso, c2005] Available at the website: www.cala-online.org/Journal/TOC.htm Contents: The power of the visual, Kathie Jenni (Professor, Department of Philosophy, University of Redlands, PO Box 3080, Redlands, CA 92373, USA; email: [email protected]) – Beyond orthodoxy: a pluralist approach to animal liberation, Susanna Flavia Boxall –

Luddites or limits? Animal rights activists’ attitudes towards science, Nikola Taylor (Lecturer in sociology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia) –

Reconsidering zoë and bios: a brief comment on Nathan Snaza’s “(Im)possible witness” and Kathy Guillermo’s “Response,” Richard Kahn (PhD candidate, Graduate School of Education & Information Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; email: [email protected]).


35 Special Issues of Journals .Animal ethics, edited by Susan J Armstrong. Essays in Philosophy (Online), 5(2) 2004 Jun. Arcata, CA : Department of Philosophy, Humboldt State University, c2004 Available at the website: www.humboldt.edu/~essays or www.history-journals.de/articles/hjg-eartic-j00251.html “This issue … provides evidence both of the dynamic nature of animal ethics and of the multidisciplinary character of the subject. Clearly, animal ethics encompasses not only philosophy and the other humanities, but the natural and social sciences as well.” –from the Introduction. Contents: Introduction, Susan J Armstrong (Department of Philosophy, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, USA; email: [email protected]) –

Invited Essays: Silent parties: a problem for liberalism? Paola Cavalieri (Editor, Etica & Animali; email: [email protected]) –

The ability to be moral fails to show humans to be superior to nonhuman animals, Bart K Gruzalski (Pacific Center for Sustainable Living, PO Box 2224, Redway, CA 95560, USA) –

‘The powers that be’: mechanisms that prevent us recognizing animal sentience, Andrew Linzey (91 Iffley Road, Knapwell, Cambridge CB3 8NR, UK) –

What’s more important? Steven F Sapontzis (Department of Philosophy, California State University, Hayward, CA 94542, USA) –

Essays: The moral value of animals: three versions based on altruism, Elisa Aaltola (Department of Philosophy, University of Turku, Turku F-20014 Finland) –

Humans and hybrids: a critique of the western moral framework, Angela Ballantyne (Center for Human Bioethics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; email: [email protected]) –

Does beast suffering count for Kant? a contextual examination of § 17 in The Doctrine of Value, Heike Baranzke (Universität Tübingen, Germany) –

Beyond animal husbandry: the study of farm animal cognition and ensuing ethical issues, C C Croner, B Gardner and S Baggot (Oregon State University) –

Animal ethics and the scientific study of animals: bridging the “is” and the “ought,” David Fraser (Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land & Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; email: [email protected]) and Rod Preece (Department of Political Science, Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada) –

Hume and our treatment of animals, Monica L Gerrek (University of Kansas) –

Can animals attain membership within a human social/moral group? Eli Kanon (Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Philosophy, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; email: [email protected]) –

Peter Carruthers and brute experience: Descartes revisited, Lisa Kretz (Dalhousie University) --

Of bears and women: the ethics of gender in Barry Lopez’s Arctic Dreams, Sarah E McFarland (Doctoral candidate, Department of English, University of Oregon, Portland, OR 97403, USA; [email protected]) –

Animal rights and environmental wrongs: the case of the grey squirrel in northern Italy, Dan Perry (Bar-Ilan University) –

Evolution and the ethics of animal research, Niall Shanks (Department of Philosophy, East Tennessee State University, Box 70656, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; email: [email protected]) and Keith Green (East Tennessee State University) -- Beastly contractarianism? a contractarian analysis of the possibility of animal rights, Chris Tucker (St Mary’s University, Halifax, NS, Canada) and Chris MacDonald (Department of Philosophy, St Mary’s University, 923 Robie St, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3 Canada; email: [email protected]).


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Websites 11th International Conference on Human-Animal Interactions, 2007, Tokyo, Japan : “People & Animals : Partnership in Harmony,” 5th-8th October 2007, Yasuda Hall, Keio Plaza Hotel website: http://www2.convention.co.jp/oiahaio.tokyo website (detailed information on workshops and special sessions): http://www2.convention.co.jp/iahaio.tokyo/program.html website (Secretariat): email: [email protected] Animals & Society (Australia) Study Group website: www.animalsociety.arts.uwa.edu.au Anthrozoology.com website: www.anthrozoology.org; email: [email protected] Anthrozoology Research Centre, Monash University School of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences website: www.med.monash.edu.au/spppm/research/carg Contact the Centre at: Animal Welfare Science Centre, Department of Psychology, Monash University Caulfield Campus, 900 Dandenong Road, Caulfield East, Victoria 3145,

Australia; email: [email protected] The Australian Directory of Human Animal Interaction Programs website: www.anthrozoology.com.au Avian Palaeontological Literature Online Under the wing of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution. website: www2.nrm.se/ve/birds/sape/litt101.html.eng Center for Human-Animal Interaction, Virginia Commonwealth University website: www.chai.vcu.edu Equine Guided Education Association website: www.equineguidededucation.org The Ethnoarchaeology of pig husbandry in Sardinia and Corsica website: www.shef.ac.uk/archaeology/research/pig-ethnography/index.html R.E.A.D.® Training Package. The Reading Education Assistance Dogs training package includes a video (DVD or VHS); cost is $US 59 plus $US 5 s&h (in the USA) website: www.therapyanimals.org/read/order.php


37

New Degree Programs of Interest

Animal Behavior Institute

Online Certificate Programs in Animal Behavior & Enrichment

and Animal Assisted Therapy Durham, NC

The Animal Behavior Institute offers online certificate program in Animal Behavior & Enrichment and Animal Assisted Therapy. The Animal Behavior Institute (Durham, NC - USA) currently offers two online certificate programs. The Certificate in Animal Training & Enrichment was developed for those working with domestic animals or animals in the captive environment. It includes the classes ABI 233 Animal Training, ABI 331 Animal Behavior, ABI 232 The Human-Animal Bond, ABI 222 Animal Enrichment, and ABI 126 Animal Minds & Emotions. The Certificate in Animal Assisted Therapy also consists of five classes: ABI 211 Animal Assisted Therapy, ABI 232 The Human-Animal Bond, ABI 331 Animal Behavior, ABI 233 Animal Training, and ABI 116 Practical Psychology. It was developed for those individuals who want to incorporate animals into health care, therapeutic or educational settings. The AAT program provides the information necessary to participate in, develop and maintain a successful and safe AAT program. By completing the seven courses offered, students can complete the requirements for both certificates. Beginning in the fall of 2006 ABI will begin offering a Certificate in Exotic Animal

Management. The classes required will include Exotic Animal Nutrition, Captive Animal Management, Animal Training, Animal Enrichment, and Exotic Animal Pathology & Diseases. Students do not have to complete a full certificate – single classes can be taken to meet the needs of the individual. The classes have been developed at the undergraduate level and have been developed to stand alone, so they can be taken in any order. Each individual class costs $1,115.00 (includes all tuition and fees, books excluded). A payment plan is available. After registering students can spend the first week of class reviewing the material, corresponding with the instructor and classmates and deciding how well the class fits their needs. If the student decides it is not a good fit they can withdraw and receive a full refund of all tuition and fees. Our next semester begins September 7, 2006 and runs for 11 weeks. ABI is approved to provide continuing education units by the American Association of Veterinary Colleges Registry of Approved Continuing Education. Information about ABI can be found at www.animaledu.com. Registration details can be reviewed at: www.animaledu.com/courses/registration.htm

Any questions or requests for additional information should be directed to: Janis G. Hammer, VMD Associate Director Animal Behavior Institute, Inc. [email protected] 866-755-0448 prompt 5 (toll free)


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New Courses of Interest

Animal Welfare Course

Michigan State University The Department of Animal Science at Michigan State University is offering a 3-credit fully online course in ANIMAL WELFARE in the upcoming fall semester. The class is intended for graduate and veterinary students or professionals in animal-related fields. ANS 805-730 Animal Welfare Assessment teaches the basic principles of animal welfare science and how to apply these principles to assess animal welfare. Students develop the ability to objectively assess animal welfare of species in production, research, zoos, companion, and other situations. The course includes online lectures, readings, notes, quizzes and exercises, virtual welfare assessment scenarios, and discussions.

For more information please see: http://www.msu.edu/~siegford/MSUOnlineWelfare.htm

Or contact if you would like to enroll:

Dr. Janice Siegford at [email protected] or (517) 432-8212. Research Assistant Professor Animal Behavior and Welfare Group 1287C Anthony Hall Department of Animal Science Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 517-432-8212 office 517-432-1396 lab 517-353-1699 fax


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Meetings of Distinction

KINDRED SPIRITS: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN &

NONHUMAN ANIMALS An Interdisciplinary Conference

Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana September 7-9, 2006

Keynote Address: Donna J. Haraway Featured Presenters: Carol Adams, Paola

Cavalieri This conference will provide a chance to explore numerous and complex aspects of human and nonhuman relationships, with the purpose of bringing together a variety of scholars, thinkers, creative artists, and animal lovers from across a number of disciplines for what I hope will be a provocative conversation. The following fields and topics offer some idea of what's being encouraged: law, literature, philosophy, psychology, science, religion, history, creative writing, visual arts ethics, morality, race, animals and feminism, eco-feminism, animal cognition and communication, the emotional lives of animals, the law and animals, the sentimental value of animals, the history of human relationships with animals, veterinary medical ethics, cognitive science, etc. Conference Registration fee of $75 (US) includes: Participation in all session, All conference materials, Opening Reception, Continental Breakfasts, Morning and afternoon refreshment breaks Registration will be limited to 80 participants; to guarantee your participation, please register early.

Questions: Contact the Conference Registrar at: [email protected] or 1.800.933.9330;

website: http://www.indiana.edu/~kspirits/

UFAW/BVA Ethics Committee Symposium 2006

QUALITY OF LIFE: THE HEART OF THE MATTER

13–15 September 2006 at The Royal Society, London, UK

The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) and the British Veterinary Association (BVA) Ethics Committee are organising an international symposium on ‘Quality of Life: The Heart of the Matter’. The aim is to bring together leading scientists, practicing veterinarians, animal scientists and keepers, and medics from around the world to discuss:

• Recent advances in the science underpinning our understanding of animals' feelings

• Recent advances in methods for assessment of quality of life in man and other animals

• Species variation in factors affecting quality of life

• ethical and practical implications for veterinarians and others of advances in understanding in this field and, in so doing, to emphasise and to promote concern for quality of life at the centre of care for companion animals.

While the main focus will be on animals kept for companionship, which covers a wide range of species including some which are also kept as farm and laboratory animals, we hope that contributions will be made to conference by experts in farmed and laboratory animal welfare to help inform and guide thinking about quality of life in companion animals.

Contact UFAW, The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead, Herts AL4 8AN, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1582 831818; Fax: +44 (0)1582 831414; e-mail: [email protected]. Further details can be found at: http://www.ufaw.org.uk


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IAHAIO 2007 Tokyo 11th International Conference on Human-Animal Interactions People & Animals: Partnership in Harmony 5th-8th October 2007, Tokyo, Japan Conference hosted by the Japanese IAHAIO members on behalf of the International Association of Human-Animal Interaction Organisations National Members : Japanese Animal Hospital Association (JAHA) Society for the Study of Human Animal Relations (HARS) Affiliate Members : Companion Animal Information and Research Center (CAIRC) Japanese Service Dog Resource Academy (JSDRA) Hill's-Colgate (JAPAN) Ltd. IAHAIO has been officially designated a working partner WHO-The World Health Organization. The next Conference of the International Association of Human-Animal Interaction Organizations will be held in Tokyo from 5th – 8th October 2007. The Japanese Steering Committee is composed of all the national and affiliate members of IAHAIO in Japan, and we are working together to organize a wonderful meeting. Our wish is to have you participate in the first IAHAIO Conference held in Asia, and to enjoy your stay in Japan!

Yoichi Shoda, Ph.D. Chair, IAHAIO 2007 Tokyo Organizing Committee

Professor Emeritus at The University of Tokyo President, CAIRC

The Goals of the Conference 1. To report on research in the area of human-animal interactions, including animals as therapeutic

interventions, social and educational supports. 2. To provide a forum for international networking amongst practitioners and researchers in the various

fields of human-animal interaction. 3. To awaken awareness in Asia of the rising interest worldwide in the field of human-animal interactions

and to encourage the development of programs in this geographic region. Call for Abstracts The detailed Call for abstracts of research papers will be made in 2006 with the second announcement. The information will also be available on our website in 2006. The deadline of abstracts will be March 1st, 2007.

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