Football 1900-1909

• During this decade, football _____ a __________ league and existed only as a supposedly _______ sport.

• It was the primary sporting vehicle for upper-class elite colleges such as ________, _________, __________, and ___________.

• _____ occurring during games plagued the sport. • By the end of the decade football's place in American

sporting life remained tenuous and was _____________ by both ________ and _______.

Football 1900-1909

• Football entered the decade increasing its popularity as evidenced by the rising number of ___________ teams adding the sport to their athletic programs.

• However, as popular as the game was within these college communities, it also suffered from ____________ and _____________.

Football 1900-1909

• ______________, ____________ _________, _________ _______, ________ ________, and slush funds provided ample material for the media to question the game's popularity.

• However, many university leaders realized that great prestige and notoriety could come to a university through a _________football team.

Football 1900-1909

• University of Chicago President William Rainey Harper hires ______ _________ _______.

• ________ creates a top-notch football program at the mid-western school which competes with the likes of ________, ______, & _____ both academically and athletically.

Football 1900-1909

• As winning became more and more important for schools, a renewed focus on _______ and _________ developed.

• The ____ play in whichteams would line up______ and _______ inthe backfield and usetheir momentum topropel the ball carrier toward the 1st down.

Football 1900-1909

• Football became a mass of bodies slamming into one another and, in the close quarters, many ________ acts such as ________, ________, and ________, would occur, out of the officials' sight.

• Newspaper reports of ________ and injuries increased, raising public skepticism of the merits of the game.

Football 1900-1909

• Schools formed _______ _______ within ___________ regions.

• One of the most powerful leagues was the ___________ ________, which would become the Big 10, led by Stagg’s University of Chicago and Michigan's Fielding Yost.

• The Western League adopted a more wide-open style of play, divorcing itself from reliance upon ________-__________plays favored by the Big 3, Harvard, Yale, and Princeton.

Football 1900-1909

• As these leagues matured, claims arose as to “_______ _____________” status.

• In 1901 Michigan claimed the title by recording an __-_ record, outscoring opponents by ___-__, and defeating Stanford in the 1st ever Rose Bowl ___-__.

• ________, who believed that winning the eastern championship accorded them the national title, contested the claim.

• The battle over a true ______ _________ played out in the media and between fans throughout the decade.

Football 1900-1909

• The following season (_____); Yost's Michigan team again posted a perfect record in their eleven games ___-__

• University of Nebraska went ___-__ • And Princeton University went ___-__• Debates continue due to these different

schools from different conferences posting _________ __________

Football 1900-1909• The ____season created even more chaos, ___ teams finished

the season undefeated• Michigan claimed its ____ straight national title• Fellow Western Conference foe Minnesota also claimed the

honor with their 13-0 record, while the University of Pennsylvania went 12-0

• _____________and ____________ also went undefeated• This debate over national prominence demonstrated that, while

the eastern colleges believed that they controlled the sport, others were willing to challenge that status.

• The stage is now set for bowl games to answer the perennial __________ ______________ __________

Football 1900-1909• In 1905 ______ College and _____ _____ ___________

(NYU) played in New York City where Union end ______ ______ died from an injury sustained in the game.

• The rules of the game cried out for changes• The Intercollegiate Football Rules Committee, headed by

Paul Dashiell and controlled by its secretary, ________ ________, held its regularly scheduled meeting to create and make some rule reforms to the game.

• Dominated by ________, _____, ________, and _____, this committee struggled to find common ground for rule changes.

Football 1900-1909

• Creation of the NCAA (1905), originally the ICAA• _______ ________of West Point was the 1st president

of the Inter-Collegiate Athletic Association (ICAA), whom headed a rules change meeting.

• Significant changes included the _______ _____, a neutral zone between the opposing teams, and—Camp's favorite—the extension of a first down to ____ yards.

• Other proposals called for stronger penalties against _________, _______, and ______ _____.

Football 1900-1909• Season Final ______: Traditional ______ game

University of _______vs. Yost's ________(58 straight win streak, seeking its 5th national championship, outscoring

opponents 495-0 during the season)

• _________’s University of Chicago was also undefeated and had only given up ___ points to opponents

• Stagg's team held off Yost's Michigan men 2-0, scoring on a _____ in a classic defensive Thanksgiving Day battle handing Yost’s Wolverines their 1st loss in ___ _______!!!

• ______ Thanksgiving Day Championship, and the ______ traditional rivalry matchup for the Western Conference.

Football 1900-1909

• College Football then underwent _____ changes to the game.

• Rule changes were evident and many institutes felt football _______ academic rigor and that cheer practice and the fanaticism surrounding big games distracted the attention of students.

• College football would survive though

Football 1900-1909• The desire to win led teams to recruit athletes who might

not have been admitted to the universities under normal circumstances - AKA – _______ _________.

• Many _________ minorities who possessed great athletic ability had opportunities to play and attend classes in schools where they would possibly not have been welcomed if not for their _____________.

• ________ _________ athletes, (Dartmouth's _________ ___________ and Ohio University quarterback ________D. _____) were sprinkled throughout college football, but were banned from professional baseball.

Football 1900-1909

• The reforms around the country reflected reform movements occurring in ______ and _________ throughout the nation.

• The American public viewed these reforms as the connection of sport to the ______ at large.

• Abuses needed to be addressed, whether brutality in ________ conditions or on the ________.

Football 1900-1909• ___ players died in college football in 1909 (many from

prominent eastern schools)• _________ Report passed - the forward pass was liberalized

to make it a more effective play, _________ and ___________ were outlawed

• _____, and _____, were eligible to _____ passes. • The rules changed the game from the rugby-influenced style

of the ____ into the modern game of American football. • The end of the decade was the dawning of a new era for

American football.

**__________________________________________________________________________________.**

Football 1900-1909• Changes in the game included more than the

_________ and the _________ ______. • The gender roles represented in the game also

changed dramatically. While the game had always been a ______ bastion on the _______ , ______ played a prominent role in _______ _______ sections.

• Progressive fears about the feminization of America altered that relationship during this decade.

• Schools took _________ ___________’s call for ___________ identity characterizing American nationality to heart.

• Schools with large ________ populations feared that they would be viewed as ______'s colleges. Some banned _______ from their campuses; others used strong football teams to proclaim their _________. Still others banned __________from participating in the cheering sections.

• In _____ the University of __________ established a separate section for _______ to _____ and ______, apart from the men's cheer section. AND -

Football 1900-1909

(_________ __ _______)