food type carbohydrate fat protein use long term energy fast energy protecting organs and long term...
TRANSCRIPT
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Food
Type
• Carbohydrate
• Fat
• Protein
Use
• Long term energy• Fast energy• Protecting organs and
long term energy store• Making muscle, enzymes,
skin, hair
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Food tests
Food type
• Protein
• Sugar
• Fat
• Carbohydrate
Test
• Biuret turns purple if protein is present
• Benedicts turns from blue to red/brown if sugar is present
• Greaseproof paper gets an oily residue
• Iodine turns blue/black if starch is present
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The Digestive System
• Buccal cavity• Oesophagus• Stomach• Small Intestine• Liver• Large Intestine• Gall Bladder• Pancreas• Rectum• Anus
(Breaking food down into smaller pieces)
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Mouth(mechanical breakdown)• Teeth
Incisors used for cutting
Canines used for stabbing and holding
Molars large surface area used for grinding
• Tongue
used for muscular activities
and sensing the taste of food
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Salivary Glands
• Produce saliva1. Prevents bacterial infection2. Lubrication3. Contains salivary amylase
• Breaks down starch
• Three pairs1. Parotid: Largest2. Submandibular3. Sublingual: Smallest
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Oesophagus
• Approximately 25cm long
• Moves food from the throat to the stomach– Muscle movement
called peristalsis
• If acid from the stomach gets in here that’s heartburn.
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Stomach
• Stores the food you eat
• Chemically breaks it down into tiny pieces
• Mixes food with digestive juices
• Acid in the stomach kills bacteria
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Small Intestine
• Small intestines are roughly 6 metres long.
• Enzymes and bile are added.
• Villi increase the surface area to help absorbtion.
• Nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls.
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Liver
• Directly affects digestion by producing bile– Bile is an enzyme that
helps dissolve fat
• Processes nutrients in the blood, filters out toxins and waste.
• Is often called the body’s energy factory
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Gall Bladder
• Stores bile from the liver
• Delivers bile when food is digested
• Fatty diets can cause gallstones
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Pancreas
• Produces compounds to digest fats and proteins
• Neutralizes acids that enter small intestine
• Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin
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Large Intestine
• About 1.5 metres long• Accepts what small
intestines don’t absorb.
• Absorbs water and minerals from the waste matter.
• Absorption means taking into the body via the blood stream.
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Rectum and Anus
• Rectum– About 15cm long
– Stores waste before egestion.
• Anus– Muscular ring that controls egestion.