Africa-Day at ZALF„Food Security in the light of Climate Change and Bioenergy – Challenges forResearch in Sub-Saharan Africa“21.10.2013 Stefan Sieber et al.

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Karibu! Welcome! 10:00-10:15

Welcome Address, Prof. Hubert Wiggering, Prof. Klaus Müller

10:15-10:30

Introduction of participating Institutions and Guests

10:30-11:15

Presentation of Research Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa at ZALF: selected topics and research designs. (Stefan Sieber, ZALF)

11:15-11:45

Trans-SEC „Innovating pro-poor Strategies to safeguard Food Security using Technology and Knowledge Transfer: A people-centred Approach” (Frieder Graef, ZALF)

11:45-12:15 Discussion

12:15-13:15

Lunch

13:15-13:45 ZALF Institutes – A guided walk on the campus and press picture

13:45 -16:00 Presentations and notes of invited experts: Presentation on the GlobE program (Frank Jansen, PTJ/BMBF) Presentation on JRC-IPTS Research Projects on African agriculture. Focus on micro and

regional levels (Sergio Gomez y Paloma, EU Commission).

16:00-16:30 Discussion on further development of presented research activities and collaboration possibilities between present institutions

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Story 1: ZALF in Sub-Saharan Africa

• ZALF• Projects in SS-Africa• Projects in Tanzania

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ZALF e.V.

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ZALF e.V.

• Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research – The ZALF e.V. is member of the Leibniz- Association– The statutory remit of ZALF is to scientifically explore

ecosystems in agricultural landscapes and to develop ecologically and economically acceptable land use systems.

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ZALF e.V.

• Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research – 7 Institutes, Staff 400, Budget approx. 32 m €– Projects are implemented at Institute of Socio-

Economics – 17 people in Trans-SEC

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ZALF Team

1. Stefan Sieber 2. Dirk Pohle3. Karin Stahl4. Harry Hoffmann5. Götz Uckert6. Jane Wambura 7. Katharina Löhr8. Constanze Reif9. Amjath Babu10. Frieder Graef11. Jana Schindler12. Meike Schäfer 13. Ottfried Dietrich 14. Marcos Lana15. Christian Kersebaum16. Katharina Helming17. Hannes König

A

B

C

D

E1. Rosi Siebert2. Peter Zander3. Johannes Schuler4. Tim Ndah

F Associated

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Topics

• ZALF Team 1. Stefan Sieber 2. Dirk Pohle3. Karin Stahl4. Harry Hoffmann5. Götz Uckert6. Jane Wambura 7. Katharina Löhr8. Constanze Reif9. Amjath Babu10. Frieder Graef11. Jana Schindler12. Meike Schäfer 13. Ottfried Dietrich 14. Marcos Lana15. Christian Kersebaum16. Katharina Helming17. Hannes König

A

B

C

D

E

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A

B

C

Dorate

Direct

9

Institutes

• ZALF Team

E

1. Stefan Sieber 2. Dirk Pohle3. Karin Stahl4. Harry Hoffmann5. Götz Uckert6. Jane Wambura 7. Katharina Löhr8. Constanze Reif9. Amjath Babu10. Frieder Graef11. Jana Schindler12. Meike Schäfer 13. Ottfried Dietrich 14. Marcos Lana15. Christian Kersebaum16. Katharina Helming17. Hannes König

A

B

C

D

E

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12 Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa

1. Trans-SEC 2 Innovating pro-poor Strategies to safeguard Food Security using Technology and Knowledge Transfer: A people-centred Approach (BMBF/BMZ)

2. FSA Africa FSA Linking Innovations along Value Chains in Landscape Systems (ZALF)

3. IA-Africa Impact Assessments for Food Security-Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa (ZALF)

4. Trans-SEC 1 Innovating pro-poor Strategies to safeguard Food Security using Technology and Knowledge Transfer: A people-centred Approach (BMBF/BMZ)

5. PES-Africa Payments for Ecosystem Services (German Embassy, Kenya)6. Better-iS Bioenergy - Strategies to use biomass value chain potential for

sub-Saharan Africa to better respond to global change (BMZ) 7. ReACCT Climate Change Impact Assessment and adaptation options in

vulnerable agro-landscapes in East Africa (BMZ)

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8. SUB-SAHARA Strategies for Adapting to Climate Change in Rural Sub-Saharan with R. Siebert Africa: Targeting the Most Vulnerable (BMZ)9. CA2Africa Conservation Agriculture in AFRICA: Analyzing and Foreseeing Peter Zander its Impact - Comprehending its Adoption (EU FP7)10. LUPIS Land use policies and sustainable development in developing with K. Helming countries (EU FP6)11. Globe 2 Development of the Scaling-up Assessment Tool ScalA (BMZ)12. Globe 1 Sustainable Agriculture as an approach to achieve pro-poor

growth in developing countries (BMVEL)

12 Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Resilient Agro-landscapes to Climate Change in Tanzania

Coordinator: ZALF1,3 Mio GIZ

Biofuel evaluation for Tanzanian Technological Efficiency using Renewables – integrated Strategies Coordinator: ZALF1,1 MioGIZ

Strategies for Adapting to Climate Change in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: Targeting the Most VulnerableCoordinator: IFPRI1,3 MioGIZ

Up-Scaling of Good Agricultural Practices

Coordinator: ZALF0,2 Mio BMELF/GIZ

Innovating pro-poor strategies to safeguard Food Security using technology and knowledge transferCoordinator: ZALF7,5+0.1 MioBMBF/GIZ

Tanzania - 11.5 M Euro

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CC Projection

Bio-economic modeling

Hydrological modeling

CGE and Crop modeling

Remote Sensing

Dendrochronology

Crop sample areas

HH survey, focus groups

Value chain analysis

Stakeholder processes

Methods m

acro

-leve

l

Time

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Temperature, precipitation change (downscaled A1B IPCC) http://www.reacctanzania.com/

Climate change projection M. Büchner/ PIK

+3 °C

- 50 mm+ 150 mm

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Impact Model Food security S. Msangi/ IFPRI

• SecF: Less trade, technical progress, economic demand• SusF: More environmental protection, efficient energy usage and

technologies, emphasis on yield productivity = Driver analysis of MaA has high impact on food security

Baseline SecurityFirst SustainabilityFirst0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Impact Modeling (IFPRI): Child Malnutrition for Tanzania(millions of children, age 0-5)

2000

2010

2020

mil

lio

ns

of

un

der

no

uri

shed

ch

ild

ren

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DSSAT Crop Modeling Results J. Bobert, C. Kersebaum

• Land use change and climate change lead to: • increasing pressure on natural resources• Instable food security due to fluctuating yields

Indicator Past Current Future

agriculture land fraction

precipitation in dry seasonprecipitation in rain season

water availability in rain season

water availability throughout the year

total yield in vuli and masika seasons

yield security without adaptation measures

Un

cert

ain

Field trials: Observed data to be used in DSSAT model analysis

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SWAT modeling results M. Natkhin, O. Dietrich, M. Schäfer

• Land use change and climate change lead to: • Increase of surface runoff and flood peaks• Longer duration of river low flows in catchments

Indicator Past Current Future

Agriculture land fraction

Precipitation in dry seasonPrecipitation in rain season

Annual flood peak

surface runoff & vulnerability erosion

Time with low flow

Water availability in dry season

Un

cert

ain

SWAT model: Land use change and climate change analysis, Ngerengegere catchment / observed data

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Value chain analysis G. Uckert, H. Hoffmann

Pho

tos:

Sie

ber,

Uck

ert

Reduction of negative side-effect not feasible

Ex-ante assessment- high opportunity costs of labor

- Jatropha compete with food production- As support plant for vanilla, pepper

for high value production feasible

Impact evaluation

Jatropha

Palm oil

SVO/MFP

Wood

Master ThesisKarwani in Rungwe District

(FELISA)Palm oilsurvey

(Tandai)Woodfuelsurvey

(MFP + Prokon)Jatrophasurvey

Jatropha Reference sitesJPTL, KabirLenguriki/MFP

Master ThesisNtabaye in Bagamoyo District

Master ThesisKisangi in Kisarawa District

Master ThesIsMahooin Monduli/Arumeru District

Jatropha

Palm oil

SVO/MFP

Wood

Master ThesisKarwani in Rungwe District

(FELISA)Palm oilsurvey

(Tandai)Woodfuelsurvey

(MFP + Prokon)Jatrophasurvey

Jatropha Reference sitesJPTL, KabirLenguriki/MFP

Master ThesisNtabaye in Bagamoyo District

Master ThesisKisangi in Kisarawa District

Master ThesIsMahooin Monduli/Arumeru District

Jatropha

Palm oil

SVO/MFP

Wood

Master ThesisKarwani in Rungwe District

(FELISA)Palm oilsurvey

(Tandai)Woodfuelsurvey

(MFP + Prokon)Jatrophasurvey

Jatropha Reference sitesJPTL, KabirLenguriki/MFP

Master ThesisNtabaye in Bagamoyo District

Master ThesisKisangi in Kisarawa District

Master ThesIsMahooin Monduli/Arumeru District

Surveys on value chains of woody biomass,sunflower, Jatropha and palm oil(1) Local consumption, (2) sustainability, (3) economic viability, (3) market access/functioning

Charcoal

Pressure on land and resources

Multifunctional Platform

Alternative energy systems

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Participative DSS SCALA S. Polreich et al.

Participative Decision Making for Good Practicesat community level

Development financed by…

•BMVEL•GTZ Sustainet•GTZ Sektorvorhaben „Nachhaltige Ressourcennutzungin der Landwirtschaft“•BETTER-iS (GTZ/BEAF•REACCT (GTZ/BEAF)

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Participative DSS Tim Ndah, Johannes Schuler, Peter Zander

Project goal

• to assess and learn jointly from past and on-going CA experiences under which conditions and to what extent does CA strengthen the socio-economic position of landholders in Africa.

• To identify knowledge gaps for future research, development and promotion of CA.

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Good Practices T. Below

Below et al. 2010

Farm and crop-management:· Mixed cropping· Grow vegetables in off-season· Drought-resistant crops (cassava, sorghum, millet, groundnut, sunflower)· Short maturing varieties· Apply farmyard manure· Extend farmland outside of the ward· Extend farmland within the ward· Fallowing· Crop rotation· Apply inorganic fertilizer· Agroforestry

• Set of GP needs to be assembled to region-explicit conditions to maximize effectiveness and efficiency

= Ranked GP to site conditions stabilize yields

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Story 2: Trans-SEC Project

• At a glance • Objectives• Partners• Research Design• Outputs• WP Organisation

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Trans-SEC

At a glance

• 7,5 M Euro 7.1 M BMBF / 400,000 Euro BMZ• Managing PTJ / GIZ on behalf of BMBF / BMZ • 3 + 2 Years Evaluation after 3 years• F. Graef Scientific Coordinator• S. Sieber General Manager

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Objectives

• Improvement of food situation for the most-vulnerable rural poor population in Tanzania,

• Identification of successful food securing upgrading strategies along local and regional FVC

• Testing UGS and adjust them to site-specific, sustainable settings,

• Dissemination of concepts for national outreach,• Implementation at different levels of policy,

extension and research.

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USPs Research

• An integrated food value chain (FVC) approach • Local and regional knowledge on site conditions.

(“Not to re-invent the wheel”)

• Extraordinary high level of participation. (“South-South and North-South learning”)

• Action research, national dissemination/up-scaling (“Testing the implementation capability is the key for success”)

• Risks, success and lessons learnt from failure (“Liebig`s law of minimum constraints”)

• Models: SWIM, LPJmL, IMPACT, Hermes, DSSAT (“Foresight, simulation for future scenarios”)

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90 Trans-SEC Consortium

?

Mtandao wa Vikundi vya Wakulima Tanzania

Europa University Viadrina

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Research Design

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Research design

Stakeholder Involvement

Demand-drivenApproach

Food Security

• Broad topics around Food Security / FVC from institutional, policy, societal and production levels

• Emphasis of pre-defined topics may change

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Research Topics

Topic

Addressed issues of the call

Additional issuesHigh emphasis Considered with medium emphasis

Considered, but lower emphasis

Natural resources

soil, water material flows and nutrient cycles

Productionfood production, food quality

human nutrition health markets

Value chainpost-harvest processing

reduction of food value chain losses

waste management

Region and gender

site- and region-specific solutions

gender-specific structures

participation, societal differences, policies, institutions

Plants plants / plant

breeding

Biomass/energy biomass /

bioenergy waste management

Livestock animals in food

systemwaste management

Involvement of Professionals

Ad-hoc serviceson your request

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Research Design

CPM-System

• Professional team of supervisors, mediators, team- builder

• Accompanying services for Trans-SEC consortium

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Research Design

Science

Trans-SEC

World

Policy,ServicesVillages

Public

Village 1

Village 2

Village 1

Village 2

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Outputs

Science

Public

Trans-SEC

World

• Data base on Food Value Chains • Surveys, Interviews, Information Systems, DSS• Model Systems (Impact, SWIM, LPJmL, Hermes, DSSAT)• Publications• Policy Briefs, Leaflets, Guides• 8 Documentaries on Trans-SEC topics• TV, newspapers, press releases• Public networks, homepage• CPM-System, Supervision, Mediation, Teambuilding• Capacity Building, Exchange PhD, Conferences• Project applications

Policy, ServiceVillages

• Policy Programs • Farmers Schools• Village level

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WP Structure

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Story 3: The Trans-SEC Management

• Management • Homepage• Infrastructure

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Organigram

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Mapping partners

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Homepage www.trans-sec.org

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Infrastructure

• Services for Transport & 4 Vehicles• Meeting rooms at SUA and ARIs, contact persons• Access to 4 villages via our African partners• Assistance for facilitation of workshops, focus groups

and surveys, interview

• Support for financial management, reporting• Support for research stays in Germany

Source: Fess et al., 2011. sustainability

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Infrastructure

Venues 4 Cars Training&CPM

Equipment MoUs

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Infrastructure

SUA/ARI People Village Sites

Workshop Mobility

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Infrastructure

Farmers Young researcher

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Asante sana for your attention!

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Story 1: The GlobE Program

• Objectives• Funding Scheme• Partner Projects

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Objectives of GlobE

• Global Food Security GlobE• National Research Strategy „BioEconomy

2030“• 2010 started by the German Government• Aim is the TRANSFORMATION from an oil –

based industry and society to a biomass – based industry and society

• Five key challenges were selected as a starting point: Ensuring global nutrition

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Objectives of GlobE

• Participatory design of German-African research networks which focus on the food system

• Identifying and solving central problems related to the overarching food system in Africa

• Developing regionally adapted research solutions based on a solid situation analysis of the region

• Supporting and further developing research capacities in Germany and in the African partner countries

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Funding Scheme

BMBF (Federal Ministry of Education and Research)

PT - Jülich

African Partner- Universities- Research

Centers- Companies- etc.

German Partner- Universities- Research

Centers- Companies- etc.

iARC- CGIAR- IFPRI- icipe- AVRDC

BMZ (Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and

Development)

GIZ

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Funding Scheme

GlobE - EvaluationGlobE – Global food security

funding period I

Delivery of concepts

funding period II

implementation of concepts

Result:15 out of 52 proposals

Result:6 out of 15 concepts

Trans-SEC Workshop

Budget of 45 M Euro • „Wetlands“ Wetlands in East Africa: reconciling future

food production with environmental protection -> Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania• „HORTINLEA“ Horticultural Innovations and Learning for

Improved Nutrition And Livelihood in East Africa-> Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia• „RELOAD“ Reduction of Post Harvest Losses and Value

Addition in East African Food Value Chains -> Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya

6 GlobE projects

• "BiomassWeb" Improving Food Security in Africa through Increased System Productivity of Biomass-based Webs

-> Ghana, Nigeria, Ethiopia• “UrbanFoodPlus” African-German partnership to

enhance resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban agriculture in West African cities

-> Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Cameroon• “Trans-SEC” Innovating pro-poor Strategies to safeguard

Food Security using Technology and Knowledge Transfer-> Tanzania

6 GlobE projects

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6 GlobE projects

• Tanzania• Kenya• Uganda • Rwanda• Ethiopia• Ghana• Nigeria• Burkina Faso • Mali • Cameroon