food security analysis unit
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Food Security Analysis Unit. The Integrated Food Security and Humanitarian Phase Classification (IPC) ALNAP Nairobi June 2006. Outline. Need for a common classification system Existing systems and global initiatives Overview of IPC and Situation Analysis Components of the IPC - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Food Security Analysis Unit
The Integrated Food Security and Humanitarian Phase
Classification(IPC)
ALNAPNairobi
June 2006
Outline
• Need for a common classification system• Existing systems and global initiatives• Overview of IPC and Situation Analysis• Components of the IPC
– Reference Table– Analysis Templates– Cartographic Protocols– Standardized Population Tables
• Potential for replication and expansion
A Common Classification System would lead to…..
• …food security and humanitarian interventions being more:
– Needs based– Strategic– Timely
Because a Classification System can enable ….
• Technical consensus
• Comparability over space
• Comparability over time
• Transparency through evidence-based analysis
• Accountability
• Clear early warning
• More strategic response
We need a….
…. ‘common currency’ for describing nature and severity of crises.
Existing Classification Systems Oxfam Howe and Devereux MSF FEWSNET WFP ODI Others…
On-going Related Global Initiatives SMART
Benchmarking
Humanitarian Tracking Service
IASC
Sphere Guidelines
The IPC draws from aspects of existing systems and can potentially contribute to these global initiatives.
The IPC is a tool to ….
• enable a composite analytical statement on food security and humanitarian situations
• for current situation analysis and early warning
• drawing together multiple indicators of human welfare and livelihoods
• for consistent and meaningful analysis.
The IPC summarizes Situation Analysis…
…a distinct stage in the ‘analysis-response continuum’.
‘Situation Analysis’ in the ‘Analysis-Response Continuum’
SituationAnalysis
Response Analysis
ResponsePlanning
ResponseImple-
mentation
Monitoring/Evaluation
• Severity (phase classification)
• Geographic coverage
• Magnitude (# people)
• Immediate causes
• Underlying causes
• Identification of general needs
• Current responses
• Criteria for social targeting
• Transitory vs. chronic
• Projected trend / scenarios
• Confidence level of analysis
Key Aspects of Situation Analysis
Components of the IPC include…
• Reference Table• Analysis Templates• Cartographic Protocols• Standardized Population Tables
IPC Reference Table
•Phases include full spectrum
•Broad categories, yet essential differences in implications for action
•Explicit inclusion of ‘livelihood crisis’
• Reference outcomes, not process indicators
• Breadth of humanitarian outcomes
• Current or imminent outcomes on lives and livelihoods
• Fewest possible
• Measurable / practical
• Support phase classification through convergence of evidence
• Strategic Response Framework has three broad objectives
1. mitigate immediate outcomes
2. support livelihoods
3. address underlying causes
• Holistic but not prescriptive
• Early Warning Levels include: alert, moderate risk, and high risk.
• Linked to probability, severity, substantiation, appropriate action, and timeframe
• Based on analysis of process indicators
• Operationalizes concepts of risk, hazard, and vulnerability
Analysis Templates have 3 parts
1. Support of Phase Classification statement– Direct and indirect evidence– Evaluation of data reliability
2. Key information for mitigating immediate outcomes
– Hazards, effects on access/availability, opportunities for response, etc.
3. Key information for supporting livelihoods and addressing underlying causes
– Underlying causes, effects on livelihood assets, opportunities for addressing underlying causes
Standarized Population Tables
• List magnitude of problem by administrative boundary, livelihood zone, and livelihood system
• Can include layers of crisis levels• Identify number of people in Phase 3, 4,
or 5– Do not list ‘number of people in need’
In Summary, what the IPC is…
• A tool for summarizing and communicating Situation Analysis, based on common standards, that links complex information to action
• A technical ‘forum’ for enabling technical consensus
And what the IPC is not…
• A method—it draws from multiple methods
• An information system—it is a complimentary ‘add-on’
• Response analysis—this is the next step, which is based on sound situation analysis
Potential for Replication and Expansion
• Consistent and positive feedback from analysts, governments, implementing agencies, donors, media.
• While developed in Somalia context, based on international standards
• Endorsement by GHA Regional Food Security and Nutrition Working Group
• Being discussed in numerous forums
GHA FOOD SECURITY OUTLOOK (Jun.-Dec., 2006)
Draft Preliminary Analysis, March 6 2006
For category explanations see
http://www.fsausomali.org
Phase Classification
Watch
Moderate Risk
High Risk
5 Generally Food Secure
2 Humanitarian Emergency
3 Acute Food and Livelihood Crisis
4 Chronically Food Insecure
colour of diagonal lines
indicates severity
GHA
Government Ministries
SOURCE:
