food commodities 6 legumes, vegetables & fruit

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Page 1: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Vegetables

Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

Page 2: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Legumes are plants that bear their fruit in pods, which are casings with two halves, or hinges. Legumes are a very healthy food because it is low in fat and high in protein.  Legumes are also very high in fiber and other nutrients.

Vegetable is an edible part of a plant, including stems, roots, leaves and flower buds that can be cooked or eaten raw.

Mushrooms can also be eaten raw or cooked and are used for food preparation in the same ways that vegetables are

mushrooms are technically considered fungi. Because they have no leaves, roots or seeds and don’t need light to grow, they are not a true vegetable.

Fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) formed from the ovary after flowering

Vegetables

Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

Page 3: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Legumes

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Page 4: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Legumes – kacang – kacangan atau biji- bijian yg masih terbungkus oleh kulitnya (pods).

Pulses – kacang - kacangan atau biji - bijian yang sudah dikeringkan dan sudah tidak terbungkus oleh kulitnya..

Legumes & Pulses

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Page 5: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Legumes

French beans

Long beans

Pulses

Peas

Lentils

Peanuts

Types of Legumes & Pulses

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Carbohydrates

Proteins

Fats

Fiber

Vitamin B-group

Iron

Calcium

Potassium

Nutrients in Legumes & Pulses

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Using Legumes & Pulses in Cooking

Pulse harus direndam dalam air sebelum memasak – mempermudah proses memasak, biasanya dengan boiling atau simmering.

Sebagai bahan untuk soup,, stew, salad & curry.

Untuk memembuat tofu,susu kedelai, tempe, soya sauce & salted soya bean.

Protein soya bean dikenal dengan nama vegetable protein (protein nabati).

Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

Page 8: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

Page 9: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Vegetables

Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

Page 10: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Types of Vegetables

Bulbs(unbi lapis) Onion, garlic Carbohydrates, vitamin A,

B6 & C, calcium

Flowers(bunga( Cauliflower, broccoli,artichoke

Vitamin A, B-group, C & E, folic acid, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium

Fruits(buah) Tomato, cucumber, eggplant

Vitamin A, B-group & C, potassium

Types Examples Nutrients

Leaves (daun)Lettuce, spinach, cabbage, kale, mustard greens

Vitamin A, C, E & K, calcium, iron, sulphur, phosphorus

Stems (batang) Celery, asparagus Vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, folic acid, potassium

Tubers(unbi batang)

Potato, sweet potato, yam, tapioca, water chestnut

Carbohydrates, vitamin C

Roots (akar) Carrot, turnip Carbohydrates, vitamin A, B6 & C, calcium

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Leaves ( daun)

Lettuce

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Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

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Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

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Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

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Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

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Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

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Mushroom

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Page 19: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Alternate Names: Portobella, field mushroom, open cap mushroom

Karakteristik: umumnya untuk Italian cooking, Sauce , pasta, palin cocok sebagai meat substitute dan grilling. marinating and grilling.

Portobello

Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

Page 20: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Alternate names: Tree oyster, angel's wings, abalone mushroom .

Karakteristik: Meskipun ini dapat ditemukan di alam liar tumbuh di sisi pohon, paling mudah dibudidayakan dengan menggunakan serbuk kayu,. jamur tiram ditemukan di banyak masakan Jepanese dan Cinese dishes seperti soup dan stir fries.

Oyster

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Alternate names: Maitake, sheepshead mushroom, ram's head.

Karakteristik: Dapat ditemukan ditemukan di hutan. Jamur ini memiliki aroma tanah dan kuat, dan berasal dari barat laut Amerika Serikat dan Jepang, di dikenal sebagai maitake (“dancing mushroom)

Hen of the Wood

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Page 22: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Alternate names: Shitake, black forest, black winter, brown oak, Chinese black, oriental black, forest mushroom, golden oak, Donko

Sekarang ini , sebagian besar shiitakes dibudidayakan. Fresh Shiitakes memiliki rasa dan aroma kayu , shitake kering yang lebih keras aromanya.

Shiitake

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Page 23: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Alternate names: Cremini, baby bellas, golden Italian, Roman, classic brown, Italian brown, brown mushroom

Karakteristik: crimini lebih gelap, lebih kencang/keras dan lebih beraroma dibandingkan champignon , keduanya dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti.

Crimini (crimino)

Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

Page 24: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Alternate names: Table mushroom, cultivated mushroom, button, champignon (de Paris)

Karakteristik:hampir bisa ditemukan di mana- mana dan dibudidayakan, champignon dapat ditemukan di mana-mana jamur di Amerika Serikat. Dapat dimakan fresh atau cooked, sangat baik untuk soup dan salad, dan pizza. Di Perancis, jamur kancing disebut champignons.

White button

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Page 25: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Alternate names: Cèpe (cep), bolete, king bolete, borowik, Polish mushroom, Steinpilz, stensopp, penny bun

Karakteristik: Warnanya sedikit coklat kemerahan , Porcinis adalah salah satu jamur liar yang paling berharga (mahal), teksturnya halus dan aromatik, aroma kayu. Sangat populer di Italia, serta di Peranci disebut Cêpes.

Porcino (porcini)

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Morel

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The black truffle or black Périgord truffle (Tuber melanosporum), spesies yang berharga , dinamai sesuai dengan nama wilayah Périgord di Perancis dan tumbuh dengan/ sekitar Oak dan hazelnut pohon. truffle hitam dipanen pada akhir musim gugur dan dingin.

Truffle

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Straw

Shimeji

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King Oyster

Enoki

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Herbs and spices

Rempah – Rempah adalah tanaman yang beraroma yang biasanya ditambahkan kedalam makanan saat pengolahan makanan yang berfungsi sebagai penyedap dan pembangkit selera.

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Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com

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Herbs & spices

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• Bumbu / rempah dari buah dan biji.• Bumbu / rempah dari bunga.• Bumbu / rempah dari daun.• Bumbu / rempah dari kulit batang.• Bumbu / rempah dari akar.• Bumbu / rempah dari umbi lapis.

Klasifikasi Herbs & spices :

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Page 34: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Nut meg (biji pala)

Coriander (ketumbar)

Candle Nut (kemiri)

Sasame Seed (wijen)

Cumin (jintan)

Cardamon (kapulaga)

Rempah – Rempah dari Buah /Biji

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Page 35: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Rempah yang Berasal Dari Bunga

Saffron

Clove (Cengkeh)

Star Anise (Bunga Lawang)

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Daun Pandan Bay leaf Scallion/spring

onion Parsley Basil Lime leaf /kaffir

leaf Turmeric leaf Coriander

leaf/cilantro Mint leaf Sage Rosemary Thyme Taragon

Rempah yang Berasal Dari Daun

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Rempah yang Berasal Dari Bunga dari kulit kayu

Kayu Secang

Cinnamon (Kayu Manis)

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Turmeric (Kunyit)

Ginger (Jahe)

Kaemperia galanga (Kencur)_

Galangal (Lengkuas )

Lemongrass (Serai)

Fingerroot (Temu Kunci)

Rempah yang Berasal dari Akar

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Rempah yang Berasal dariUmbi Lapis

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Using Vegetables in Cooking

Vegetable dimasak agar lebih mudah dicerna. Dalam cooking proses, volume sayuran berkurang, serat

melunak. Green Vegetable dalam cooking proses berubah lebih

hijau, jika terlalu lama menjadi kekuningan . Leaf vegetable bisa di stir fry, boil atau soup. Root Vegetable bisa di bake, roast, braise atau pressure

cooking (pesto). Soft vegetable seperti tomat & jamur segar dapat di grill

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Prized for its refreshing flavor &

sweetness

Most fruit, when ripe, can be eaten

at any time or after a meal as a

dessert.

Others are better after they are

cooked.

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Fruit

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Types Examples

Stone fruit Peach, cherry, plum, apricot

Fleshy fruit Apple, pear, pineapple, papaya, banana, melon

Berry fruit Strawberry, blackcurrant, raspberry, gooseberry

Citrus fruit Orange, lemon, tangerine, lime

Dried fruit Sultana, raisin, date, prune, currant

Types of Fruit

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Carbohydrates

Fiber

Calcium

Iron

Vitamin A, B-group & C

Potassium

Phosphorus

Manganese

Water

Nutrients in Fruit

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Page 45: Food commodities 6   legumes, vegetables & fruit

Using Fruit in Cooking

• Buah ini biasanya dimakan mentah, baik sendiri atau dalam salad.

• Juga dapat dimasak seperti stewing, baking, frying dan boiling.

• Dapat digunakan untuk bahan Pie, Cake, Puding, Fritter dan Jam.

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Delhindra /chefqtrainer.blogspot.com