‘‘’’Unnatural’ chemical used to Unnatural’ chemical used to watch protein action in brain watch protein action in brain cells and proteins enable cells and proteins enable essential enzymeessential enzyme

Susana Rios EchavarriaMedicine student

3rd semester- UPB

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INTRODUCTION

‘Unnatural’ chemical allows salk researchers to Unnatural’ chemical allows salk researchers to watch protein action in brain cellswatch protein action in brain cells

• Researchers at the Salk Institute have been able to genetically incorporate ‘Unnatural amino acids, such as those emitting green fluorescence into neural stem cells, which then differentiate into brain neurons with the incandescent ‘tag’ intact.

• This article is the first report of unnatural amino acids used in stem cells to creating treatments even knowing that the study of its self renew and differentiation to brain cells is hard to study.

• First scientists incorporated lentiviral-based gene to incorporate Uaas into proteins, so neurons obtain fluorescent Uaas after differentiation.

• Second, they demonstrate how membrane proteins would change their response during the nerve stimulation.

PERSONAL COMMENT

I think the use of ‘Unnatural’ amino acids is quite important if we want to know how stem cells can differentiate in neural cells having yet the same original proteins, so it helps us to meet membrane proteins behavior during electric signals, giving us an idea for stem cells treatment creation.

Proteins enable essential enzyme to Proteins enable essential enzyme to maintain its grip on dnamaintain its grip on dna

• There is a family of proteins that close a critical gap in RNA polymerase allowing the enzyme to maintain its grip on DNA and start the gene expression. Those ones are called Universally proteins and they are used to close RNA polymerase and DNA critical point of connection.

• RNA polymerase wraps itself around the double helix of DNA, using one strand to match nucleotides and make a copy of genetic material. If the RNA polymerase stops prematurely, no proteins will be made and cell will die.

• Scientists of Ohio State University, using Escherichia Coli as a model, discovered that universally proteins as RfaH (a virulence factor) and NusG (protein for bacterial growth), allows the study of antibiotic development, so they will work as targets for drugs to kill bacteria and take away its ability to cause disease.

PERSONAL COMMENT

Knowing the role of the universally proteins is fundamental if we want to keep RNA polymerase normal action and create new antibiotic treatments using proteins as drug targets.

MEDICAL UTILITY

MEDICAL UTILITY

• Universally proteins, NusG and RfaH from bacteria are necessary to keep the appropriate RNA polymerase function so they will regulate the normal production of proteins and avoid the losing of the RNA chain, conserving the stable life of cell.

MEDICAL UTILITY

• Antibiotic investigations based on universally proteins are determinant to create new ways to kill bacteria and reduce the ability bacteria have to cause death, using those proteins as targets for drugs.

MEDICAL UTILITY

• The use of unnatural amino acids is fundamental to develop regenerative therapy from tagging stem cells and it is also too helpful if we want to know membrane proteins action during an stimulating signal in the interneuronal communication.

BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY• Martinez Sanchez, Lina Maria.Biologia

molecular.6ed.Medellin:UPB.Fac.de Medicina,2011.100-104 p.

• Salk Institute(July 8,2011). ’Unnatural’ chemical allows Salk researchers to watch protein action in brain cells. ScienceNews. Retrieved Aug 31,2011, from: http://esciencenews.com/articles/2011/07/08/unnatural.chemical.allows.salk.researchers.watch.proteins.action.brain.cells

•  Ohio State University (July 21,2011).Proteins enable essential enzyme to mantain its grip on DNA.ScienceNews.Retrieved Aug 31,2011,from: http://esciencenews.com/articles/2011/07/21/proteins.enable.essential.enzyme.mantain.its.grip.dna

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