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Folklore A story that is told, sung, or performedOral Narratives can be written down Oral NarrativeHelp to explain the natural worldHelp to articulate fears/dreamsProvide order to a societyProvide understanding of a cultures values, beliefs, mores, etc.EntertainmentHistorically SpeakingSmallest meaningful unit of a storymotifA deviation from standard textVariantOne story created in one location and eventually spread to other cultures orallyCultures develop similar stories because these stories address needs/desires/etc. that are common to all peopleMonogenesisPolygenesisCultural VariantsEtiological taleshow things come about/to bePorquoi talesA simple folktale that illustrates an ethical point.

Often features animals but not animal tales

Moral is statedFableA simple story in which animals play a major role

Subgenre: Trickster Tale=animals that play tricks and behave mischievouslyAnimal TaleA sacred narrative set in the primordial pastTower of BabelMyth

A deliberate, exaggerated lie told with a straight face for humorous effect.Tall Tale

Stories that people tell about events/people that are purportedly real/true.

Told to inform, warn, advise, enlighten

Distinctive beginning

Real World, supernatural, realistic/well rounded charactersLegendsFairytalesStories that are fictional, created to entertain and sometimes instruct.

1st collection of tales were collected and published by the Grimm Brothers in 1812

Distinctive and recognizable beginning and end

Fantasy, supernatural, flat/stereotypical charactersModern adaptations of traditional folk literature

Literary talesAuthors write in the traditional style of folktales or fairytales.

Hans Christian Anderson

Authors create new tales by altering traditional tales

Diane Stanley, John Scieszka, Donna Jo Napoli, Shannon HaleTraditional StyleFracturesSub-genres of Literary tales