f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; gupl;ir njhopdl;gtpay; ghlj;jiw - … technology answers guide...2015 mk; mz;byk;...

2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b

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f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; guPl;ir

njhopDl;gtpay; ghlj;Jiw

65 - nghwpapaw; njhopDl;gtpay;

2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s

guPl;irfSf;fhf jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa

tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b

CurriculumAssessment

&Evaluation

Teaching LearningN E T S

Ma;T mgptpUj;jpf; fpis>

Njrpa kjpg;gPl;bw;Fk; guPl;rpj;jYf;Fkhd Nrit>

,yq;ifg; guPl;irj; jpizf;fsk;.


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tpdh tpil tpdh tpil

,yf;fk; ,yf;fk;

01. ''''''''' 26. '''''''''

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5

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5

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3

1

5

4

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1

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2

f.ngh.j (c.juk;) ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; 2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irfSf;fhf

jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa


tpdhj;jhs; I


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f.ngh.j (c.juk;) ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; 2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irfSf;fhf

jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa


tpdhj;jhs; II

gFjp A - mikg;Gf; fl;Liu

1. Kfg;G epiyg;glk;> gf;f epiyg;glk;> fpilg;glk; Mfpa xt;nthd;iwAk; Neu; tpspk;Gfs;> kiwe;Js;s

tpspk;Gfs;> rha;e;j tpspk;Gfs; Mfpatw;iwr; rupahf tiue;jpUj;jy; ^10 × 3 = 30 Gs;spfs; )

Njhw;wk; jhdg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s tpjk; : Kfg;G epiyg;glj;jpw;F xNu tupirapy; gf;f epiyg;glk;

,Uj;jYk; Kfg;G epiyg;glj;jpw;F xNu tupirap;y;

fpilg;glk; ,Uj;jYk;

(5 × 2 = 10 Gs;spfs;)

rupahd mstpilf;F tiue;jpUj;jy; ^05 Gs;spfs;)

gupkhzq;fs; rupahf ,lg;gl;bUj;jy; ^05 Gs;spfs;)

juT ml;ltiziaj; jahu;nra;jy; ^10 Gs;spfs;)


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cNyhfk;

nky;YUf;F

mstpil

1 : 1

njhopDl;gf; fy;Y}uptiue;jtu; 2014.10.12

2014.10.13

ngau;

fRd;

epkhyp

tiujy;

,y.

01

Njjp

ghPl;rpj;jtu;

Vw;Wk; Fw;wp


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2. (i) 1 : 2 : 4 (20 mm) ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(ii) (a) nfhq;fpwPw;wpd; cau;e;jgl;r typikiag; ngWjy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(b) <ur; rhf;if tpupj;jy;> ePiu ,Ljy;> <u kziyg; gad;gLj;jy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(iii) 1. tpw; g+izg; (spring washer) gad;gLj;jy; 2. ,wg;gu; nkj;ij kPJ nghUj;jy; ^08 Gs;spfs;&

(iv) vitNaDk; ,U fiyf; fk;gpfis (phase) khw;wy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(v) njhlf;f Xl;lk; fzprkhd msT ngupjhf ,uhikahy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(vi) 1. rpW Rw;Wilg;ghd; (MCB)$ ntg;g> fhe;j ,lW Mspia

(Thermal & Magnet Protection Switch) ,Ljy; 2. vr;r Xl;lr; Rw;Wilg;ghd; (RCCB)$ Gtpiag; (Earth) gpuNahfpj;jy; ^08 Gs;spfs;&

(vii) Ú ,l msT gw;wpa xU gpur;rpid Vw;gLtjpy;iy. Mifahy;> mfyk; $ba gl;bfisg;

gad;gLj;jp cuha;itf; $l;lj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy;

Ú gOJghu;f;Fk;NghJ nraypoe;j gFjpfis mfw;wp ,izg;gjw;fhd Mw;wy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(viii) Fiwe;j msT ,lj;jpy; $ba gug;gsTs;s gl;bfs; njhLifAWtjdhy; eOTk; rhj;jpaf;$W

,optsthjy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(ix) (a) vupnghUs; tYtpdhy; ,af;fg;gLk; vQ;rpd; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(b) kpd; tY ,y;yhjNghJk; gad;gLj;jj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(x) Ú tY CLflj;jg;gLk; J}uj;ij ,optsthf;fy;

Ú CLflj;jg;gLk; re;ju;g;gq;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia ,optsthf;fy;

(tY %yfj;jpypUe;J gad;ghL tiuf;Fk; Neubahf tY CLflj;jy;)

Ú njhFjpapd; RoYk; gFjpfSf;Ff; Fz;L epiwia $ cUsp epiwiag;

gpuNahfpj;jy;

Ú RoYk; jz;L> epiw Mfpatw;Wf;F krFj; jputpaq;fisg; gad;gLj;jy;

(vitNaDk; ,U tplaq;fSf;F 04 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^08 Gs;spfs;&


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3. (i) ^a& cs;s my;yJ Vw;glj;jf;f cz;ikg; gpur;rpidfSf;F kdpj eydpw;fhfj; jPu;it

toq;Ftjd; ve;jputpay; El;gk; cl;gl;l nrad;Kiw ^04 Gs;spfs;&

^b& fw;fhyk;> ,ilau; fhyk;> tptrhaf; fhyk;> ifj;njhopw; fhyk;> jfty;

njhopDl;gtpaw; fhyk; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(ii) ^a& jP> rpy;Y> cNyhfq;fs;> kpd;> Fiwflj;jpfs;> jpuhd;rpw;wu; Nghd;w fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;

^04 Gs;spfs;&

^b& fk;khiyapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; JUj;jpf;Fg; gjpyhf kpd; thA Cjpiag; (blower) gad;gLj;jy;> vOj;jhzpiag; gad;gLj;jp Xiy kPJ vOj;Jfisf; Fwpj;Jf; fWg;igj; Nja;f;Fk; njhopDl;gk;

kiwe;J ik gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Ngidapdhy; fljhrp kPJ vOJk; njhopDl;gk;

^04 Gs;spfs;&

(iii) 1' eype;j ntspr;rk; (Poor lighting) 2' Fwpj;jthW cw;gj;jp nra;ahj my;yJ rPuhf;fhj cgfuzq;fs;

3' epjKk; epiwfis cau;j;jy;

4' gpioahd nfhz;zpiy

5' xNu gzpapy; epjKk; <LgLjy;

6' f\;lkhd nfhz;zpiyapy; Ntiy nra;jy;

(,t;tpilfspy; ehd;fpw;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^08 Gs;spfs;&

(iv) 1' Ntiy nra;Ak; ,lj;jpy; Vw;glj;jf;f ,lu;fs; gw;wp mwpe;jpUj;jy;

2' VidNahUf;F mwpTWj;jy;

3' Mgj;Jr; iriffis ntspf;fhl;ly;

4' ghJfhg;G NtypfSk; ghJfhg;Gj; jilfSk;

5' Ntiy nra;Ak; ,lj;jpy; rupahd Kfhik

(,t;tpilfspy; ehd;fpw;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^08 Gs;spfs;&

(v)

jP tif

jPaizfUtpapd; epwKk; cs;slf;fKk;

rptg;G

(ePu; water)

,sk;

kQ;rs;

(Eiu

foam)

fWg;G

(fhgdPnuhl;irl;L)

(CO2)

ePyk;

(Cyu; J}s;)

(dry powder)

fljhrp / kuk; / Jzp √ √ √ √

jPg;gw;wj;jf;f nghUs;fs;>

ngw;Nwhy;> kz;nzz;nza;>

nkOF> jPe;ij> nfhOg;G

× × √ √

kpd; ,lu;fs; × × √ √

nghwpfSk; thfdq;fSk; × × √ √

,lg;gl;Ls;s √ Fwpfspd; vz;zpf;if 10 ,w;F Nkw;gLnkdpd;> ,g;gFjpf;Fg; Gs;sp fpilf;fhJ.

^20 Gs;spfs;&


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(vi) 1. gw;Row;wpiag; gad;gLj;jp khj;jpuk; fzpr;rpiar; rPu;g;gLj;jy;

2. mstPLfis Nkw;gug;GfSf;Fr; rupahfTk; nrq;Fj;jhfTk; msf;f Ntz;ba msthf

,Uj;jy;

3. ,opntz;zpf;if tO ,Ug;gpd;> Fwpj;Jf;nfhz;L thrpg;Gfisj; jpUj;jy;

(,t;tpilfspy; ,uz;bw;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(vii) C = aF + b vdf; nfhs;Nthk;; ,q;F a , b Mfpad khwpypfs;.

cUFepiyapy; 0 = 32a + b 1

nfhjpepiyapy; 100 = 212a + b 2

1 > 2 Mfpatw;wpypUe;J a = 5 9

> b = 160 9

MFk;.

∴ C = 5 F9

− 160 9

= 5 (F − 32) 9

khw;W Kiw :

guidw;W mstpilapy; thrpg;G F Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ cUFepiyapypUe;J cs;s gpupg;Gfspd;

vz;zpf;if F − 32° MFk;. guidw;W mstpilapd; 180 gpupg;Gfs; nry;rpa]; mstpilapd;

100 gpupg;GfSf;Fr; rkdhifahy;>

C = 100180

(F − 32°) = 5 (F − 32°) 9

MFk;. ^04 Gs;spfs;&

4. (a) (i) jdp Ms; tpahghuk; ^02 Gs;spfs;&

(ii) cau; juKs;s Jz;lf; fw;fis cw;gj;jp nra;jy;

ngUk; Efu;Nthu; FO ,Uj;jy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(b) (i) 1890 ,d; gq;Filikf; fl;lisr;rl;lk; ^02 Gs;spfs;&

(ii) Gjpa Nghl;bahsu;fs; re;ijapy; gpuNtrpj;jy;

Jz;lf; fw;fSf;Fg; gjpyhfg; gad;gLj;jj;jf;f khw;Wg; nghUs;fisr; re;ijapy;

mwpKfQ; nra;jy;

gztPf;fk; mjpfupj;jy; / tUkhd kl;lk; Fiwjy;

tq;fpapdhy; tPL fl;Ltjw;fhf toq;fg;gLk; flid kl;Lg;gLj;jy;

(Vw;Wf;nfhs;sj;jf;f vitNaDk; ,U tplaq;fSf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(iii) Jz;lf; fy;ypd; tpiy

gpujpaPl;Lg; nghUs;fspd; tpiy

Efu;Nthu; tUkhdk;

Efu;Nthu; tpUg;gk;

(vitNaDk; %d;W tplaq;fSf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;;) ^06 Gs;spfs;&


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(iv) Ú cs;s epiyahd nrhj;Jfis tpw;gjd; %yk;

Ú gq;fhsu;fsplkpUe;J Nkyjpf %yjdj;ijr; Nru;g;gjd; %yk;

Ú itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; ,yhgj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp

(vitNaDk; ,U tplaq;fSf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^04 Gs;spfs;&

(v) 1. epiyahd fpuak;

khj epy thlif &. 60 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;&

khjg; nghwpg; guhkupg;G &. 30 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;& khj Ntjdk; &. 26 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;& epiyahd njhiyNgrpf; fl;lzk; &. 10 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;& nkhj;jk; &. 126 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;&

2. khWk; fpuak; %yg;nghUs;fspd; tpiy &. 22 ^02 Gs;spfs;&

ciog;G &. 08 ^02 Gs;spfs;&

khWk; Nke;jiy &. 06 ^02 Gs;spfs;&

nkhj;jk; &. 36 ^02 Gs;spfs;&

3. gq;fspg;G = tpw;gid tpiy − khWk; fpuak; ^02 Gs;spfs;& = &. 42 − &. 36 = &. 6 ^02 Gs;spfs;&

4. ,yhgr; rkg;ghl;Lg; Gs;sp = epiyahd fpuak; $ gq;fspg;G ^02 Gs;spfs;&

= &. 126 000/ &. 6 = 21 000 myFfs; ^02 Gs;spfs;&

5. Xu; myfpd; tpw;gid tpiyiaf; $l;Ljy;

Xu; myif cw;gj;jpnra;ar; nrytplg;gLk; khWk; fpuaj;ijf; fopj;jy;

epiyahd fpuaj;ijf; Fiwj;jy; ^02 Gs;spfs;& ^ahjhapDk; xU tplaj;Jf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;&

(vi) gbKiw Nehf;fk; $ gzp

(2) re;ijapd; epiyik> Nghl;bahsu;fs; Mfpa vy;yhj;

JiwfspYk; jw;fhy epiyikia kjpg;gply; ^02 Gs;spfs;&

(3) SWOT gFg;G ^02 Gs;spfs;&

(4) re;ijg;gLj;jy; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; mila vjpu;ghu;f;;Fk;

Nehf;fq;fis epWTjy; ^02 Gs;spfs;&

(5) re;ijg;gLj;jypd;

Nehf;fq;fs;

^02 Gs;spfs;&

(6) cj;jp vq;qdk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk; vd;gJ ^02 Gs;spfs;&


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gFjp B - fl;Liu (Fbrhu; njhopDl;gtpay;)

5 (a) (i) ÷ khw;ngl;bapd; JisapD}lhf milaYld; $ba gFjpfis ePf;fy;.

÷ me;j ,lq;fs; rupahf ,Wf;fg;glhik

÷ fyitapy; ropjy; (slump) Nghjpa mstpw;F ,uhikahy; vy;yh ,lq;fSf;Fk; fyit

nry;yhik

÷ fk;gp mjpfk; Mifahy; ,Wf;Fk; cgfuzk; vy;yh ,lq;fisAk; milahik

(xU tplaj;jpw;F 03 Gs;spfs; tPjk; 09 Gs;spfs;)

(ii) ÷ kPstYt+l;bfSf;F ,Uf;f Ntz;ba %Lif (cover) Nghjhky; ,Uj;jy; ÷ Nkw;gug;G ntbg;GfspD}lhf ePu; frpjy;

÷ Nkw;gug;Gg; gOJfspD}lhf kPstYt+l;Lk; fk;gpfs; #oypw;Fj; jpwe;jpUj;jy;

÷ gad;gLj;jpa fk;gpfspy; JUg;gpbj;jpUj;jy;

÷ gad;gLj;jpa nfhq;fpwPw;Wf; fyit Nghjpa juj;jpy; ,uhikahy; mjD}lhf cs;Ns ePu;

frpjy;

(xU tplaj;jpw;F 03 Gs;spfs; tPjk; 09 Gs;spfs;)

(iii) nfhq;fpwPw;Wf; fyit

÷ Fwpj;j juj;jpy; cs;s %yg;nghUs;fisg; gad;gLj;jy;

÷ mtw;iwf; Fwpj;j tpfpjj;jpw;F> Njitahd mstpw;F> Njitahd juj;jpw;Ff;

(fyit epiyik) fyj;jy;

Njf;fp itj;jy;

÷ khw;ngl;bapy; Jis ,y;yhikAk; Njitahd rf;jp ,Uj;jYk;

÷ fk;gpfSf;F cs;s %Liff; fw;fisf; (cover blocks) Fwpj;j mstpw;Fk; cfe;j

,ilntspapYk; itj;jy;

÷ fk;gpfis xd;Nwhnlhd;W NruhjthW ed;whf Kbr;rpLjy;

÷ gad;gLj;jg;gLk; fk;gpfs; JUg;gpbahky; ,Uj;jy;

÷ fyitapd; ful;Lj; jpus;fs; gpupahky; ,Uf;FkhW itf;fg;gLjy;. (NkNyapUe;J if

tplhik)

,Wf;Fjy;

÷ xt;Nthu; ,lj;jpYk; rPuhf ,Wf;Fjy; (gug;gsT / Mok;)

÷ Fwpj;j fhyj;jpw;F ,Wf;Fjy;

÷ Kd; nfhq;fPw;W ,l;l ,lq;fspy; fk;gpfspy; glhjthW ,Wf;Fjy;

gjg;gLj;jy;

÷ cyhtj;jf;f re;ju;g;gq;fspy; ePupdhy; eidf;fj; njhlq;Fjy;

÷ tuk;igf; fl;b ePiu epug;gp VO ehl;fSf;F itj;jy; (epyj;jpd; khw;ngl;bg; gf;fj;ijf;

fow;wp)

÷ ePu; fl;lg;glhj ,lq;fspy; <ur; rhf;ifr; Rw;wp epjKk; eidj;jy;

(<uypg;ig 07 ehl;fSf;Fg; Ngzy;)

(xU gFjpf;F 06 Gs;spfs; tPjk; 24 Gs;spfs;)


- 9 -

(b) (i) kha; epiw

vg;NghJk; ,Uf;Fk; RikahFk;. mj;jpthur; Rtu;> J}z;> tis> $iur; rl;lk; Mfpatw;Wf;F

Nkyjpfkhfg; Gwr; RikfisAk; jhq;Fk; gFjpfspd; Rik fl;llj;jpd; kha; epiw vdg;gLk;.

capu;g;G epiw

xU fl;llj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; jw;fhypfr; RikahFk;. tjpgtu;fs;> jsthlk;> rPypq;F> fhiu>

fjT ad;dy; Mfpa mg;gFjpapd; epiwia khj;jpuk; jhq;Fk; fl;llj;jpd; gFjpfspd; Rik

,t;tupirapy; mikAk;.

Rw;whlw; Rikfs;

fhw;W> kio> gdp> epyeLf;fk;> nts;sk;> ntg;gg; ghjpg;Gfs; Mfpad.

NtW Rikfs;

jP> JUg;gpbj;jy;> ntbg;Gfs;> thfdq;fspd; mjpu;Tfs;

(Rikiag; ngaupLtjw;F 02 Gs;spfs;> Xu; cjhuzj;jpw;F 02 Gs;spfs;> tptupj;jYf;fhf

03 Gs;spfs; vd;wthW 4 RikfSf;F 28 Gs;spfs;&

(ii)

msysá fmd<j

lhsre lmrdrej

úh,s mia msrjqu

leg fldkal%SÜ ;Ügqj

m;=,a máh

f;;a ksjdrk jeáh

lhsre neïu

PRO

DU

CED

BY

AN

AU

TOD

ESK

ED

UC

ATI

ON

AL

PRO

DU

CT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

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CED

BY A

N A

UTO

DESK

EDU

CA

TION

AL PR

OD

UC

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

mbg;gl;il (skirting)

<uk; Gfh tup (DPC)

cyu; kz;iz epug;Gjy;

(Earth filling)

%Lnfhq;fpwPw;W

(Screed concrete)

mbg;gPlr; Rtu; (Plinth wall)

,Uf;Fk; epyk; (G.F.)

mbg;gPlf; fhiu

(Plinth plaster)

^cUit tiutjw;F 10 Gs;spfSk; ngaupLtjw;F 10 Gs;spfSk; vd;wthW 20 Gs;spfs;&


- 10 -

6.

(90 Gs;spfs;&

Gs;spfs; toq;fy;

Calculation Description Dimensions

(1) Excavation 10 10 05 ^25 Gs;spfs;& (2) Rubble wall 10 10 05 ^25 Gs;spfs;& (3) Brick wall 10 10 05 ^25 Gs;spfs;& Page numbering 02 Take Off list 05 Main Description 04 Spacing/ Cancelling 02 Closing 02

Nkyjpfk; 15 Gs;spfs;&

− 01 − − 02 −

T D S Description 48.820.300.45

48.820.75

48.903.0

6.59

36.62

146.70

Excavating trenches, 300 mm width, not exceeding 1 m (D.2.5.1)

fz;lfw; Rtu; (300 mm rubble wall)Length 49.12ddt junction 2/½/300 0.30

48.82height - 0.45 0.30

0.75wall, 300 mm thickness, vertical, 6'' × 9'' rubbles in c.m 1:5 (G.1.1.1)

nrq;fw; Rtu; (225 mm brick wall)Length - 49.12ddt junction 2/½/225 - 0.22

48.90height - 3mwalls, thickness 225 mm vertical, common bricks in cement mortar 1:5 English bond(G.1.1.1)

T D S Description

Referring SLS 573 (mstpLk; cUg;gb) 1' mj;jpthu mfopia

ntl;ly;

(excavation trenches) 2' 300 mm fz;lfw; Rtu;

(300 mm rubble wall) 3' 225 mm nrq;fw; Rtu;Mean girth ,il ePsk;

2/12 24.00 3/8 24.00

48.00 Rtu;j; jbg;igf; $l;ly; 10 / ½ / 225 1.12

49.12mj;jpthu mfopia ntl;ly;

(Excavation trenches)centre length 49.12%l;bidf; fopj;jy; 2/½/300 0.30

48.82width - 0.30height - 0.45

nraw;wpl;lj;jpd; ngau; :- jpl;l ,y. :- jahupj;jtu; :- Njjp :-


- 11 -

gFjp C - fl;Liu (nghwpKiwj; njhopDl;gtpay;)

7. (i) %yg;nghUs; - nky;YUf;F ,U gz;Gfs; tPjk;

Ú A apw;F - ntl;ly;> Jisj;jy;> muhTjy;> cUl;ly; Mfpad ,Ug;gjdhy; ePbwDk;

thl;lw;wfTk;

Ú B apw;F - ntl;ly;> mbj;jy; Mfpad ,Ug;gjdhy; ePbwDk; nefpo;Tk;

Ú C apw;F - ntl;ly;> Jisj;jy;> muhTjy;> cUl;ly; Mfpad ,Ug;gjdhy; ePbwDk;

thl;lw;wfTk;

(ii) msj;jYk; Fwpj;jYk;

105

A apy; 20 mm mfyg; gf;fj;jpd; RahjPd me;jj;jpypUe;J 5 mm ,Yk; mt;tplj;jpypUe;J 10 mm ,Yk; ,Uf;FkhW ,U NfhLfis

%iykl;lj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp tiujY}rpapdhy; tiujy;

,q;F ePsq; $ba gf;fj;jpd; NkNyAk; fPNoAk; 5 mm tPjk; ,Uf;FkhW tpspk;GfSf;Fr; rkhe;jukhf ,U NfhLfis tiujy;

P

R

Q

25 mm gf;fj;jpy; eLf; Nfhl;bid tiujy;

P, Q, R vd;Dk; %d;W Gs;spfis ikaf; Fj;jpapdhy; Fwpj;jy;

(B) jt;itj; Jisj;jy; - 4 mm Md jpUF Jwg;gz myfpdhy; Nkirj; Jisnghwpapd;

rf;ifapy; nghUj;jpg; gFjp A iaf; if ,Lf;fpapdhy; my;yJ

gpb C apdhy; gpbj;J %d;W jt;TfisAk; Jisj;jYk; ,ilNa

krfplYk;

(C) nkypjku;jy; - nkypjku; myiff; nfhz;L nghUj;jkhd mstpw;F %d;W

jt;TfisAk; nkypjku;j;jy;

(D) xg;gkhf;fy; - ghl;luj;jpd; %yk; my;yJ RoYk; jPf;fy;ypy; gpbj;jiyg;

gad;gLj;jpj; Jisf;Fk;NghJ ntspNa ePl;bapUf;Fk; gFjpfisj;

Nja;j;J mfw;wy;

155


- 12 -

(iii) tiujYk; Fwpj;jYk;

gFjp C apd; mfyk; Fiwe;j gf;fj;jpy; RahjPd me;jj;jpypUe;J 20 mm

,y; mjd; tpspk;Gf;Fr; rkhe;jukhf xU Nfhl;bid %iykl;lj;ijAk;

tiujY}rpiaAk; nfhz;L tiujy;

,f;Nfhl;bw;F ,U gf;fj;jpYk; 2 mm tPjk; ,Uf;FkhW rkhe;jukhf NtW ,U NfhLfis tiujy;

X

Y

ePz;l gf;fj;jpypUe;J 5 mm tPjk; mstPLfis vLj;J ,U ePz;l

tpspk;GfSf;Fk; rkhe;jukhf tiuag;gLk; ,U NfhLfspdhy; Kjypy;

tiue;j %d;W NfhLfisAk; ntl;ly;

Kjypy; tiue;j eLf; Nfhl;ilAk; ,U gf;fq;fspYk; tiue;j ,U

NfhLfisAk; ntl;LkhW X, Y vd;Dk; ,U Gs;spfisAk;

ikaf; Fj;jpapdhy; Fwpj;jy;

Ú jt;itj; jahu;nra;jy; - ikaf; Fj;jpapdhy; Fwpj;j ,lq;fspy; 4 mm CrpiaAk;

JisnghwpiaAk; gad;gLj;jp ,U jt;Tfisj; Jisj;jy;

- ,U jt;TfspdJk; ,U gf;fq;fspYk; tiue;j ,U

NfhLfSf;Fk; rpwpjstpy; NkNy cl;gf;fj;jpy; ,Uf;FkhW

,Lf;fpapd; ,U jhilfSf;Fk; gpbj;J ntl;Lspiaf; nfhz;L

gprpu;khw;wy; Kiwf;F ntl;b eLj; jthspg;ig ePf;fy;

- ntl;ba jthspg;gpd; ,U tpspk;GfisAk; ghl;luj;jpd; %yk;

Nja;;g;gjdhy; xg;gkhf;fpr; rupahfj; jthspg;igj; jahu;nra;jy;

- gFjp C apd; Nkw;gug;gpy; ntspNaapUf;Fk; cNyhfg;

gFjpfisg; ghl;luj;jpdhy; Nja;j;J mfw;wy;

(iv) (A) gz;G Kbg;igg; ngWjy;

Ú A, C Mfpa ,U gFjpfspy; gof;fkhd gFjpfSf;Fg; nghUe;JkhW Nja;j;Jj;

jahu;nra;jy;

Ú A, C Mfpa gFjpfSld; njhlu;GgLk; cNyhff; Nfhy;fisr; Rw;wpg; Nghjpa

mstpy; ,U jfLfspdJk; cupa gFjpfis cUl;Ljy;

Ú cNyhff; fk;gpapd; NkYk; fPOk; cs;s RahjPdkhd ,U KidfspYk; Nghjpa

mstpYk; mofhfTk; tbtq;fisj; jiwjy;

Ú A, C Mfpa gFjpfspYk; Rj;jpay; mbfs; glhjthW Kd;du; mbj;jy;

Ú muj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpj; Njitaw;w gFjpfisj; Nja;j;J ePf;fy;


- 13 -

(B) Ú nra;J Kbj;j 'g" ck; nfhSf;fpAk; vd;gjd; xt;nthU gFjpapYk; ,lj;jpYk;

nky;ypa vkupj; jhspdhy; my;yJ Nthl;lu; fd;bj; jhspdhy; Nja;j;J JUg;gpbj;j

gFjpfis ePf;fpj; Jilj;J tpLjy;

Ú jPe;ijapd; Kjypg; g+r;ir (Primer coat) my;yJ JUg;gpbj;jYf;F vjpuhd g+r;ir

vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; g+Rjy;

Ú ed;whf cyu;e;j gpd;du; nghUj;jkhd epwj;jpy; vdky; jPe;ijiag; g+Rjy;

Gs;sp toq;Fk; jpl;lk;

(i) %yg;nghUspd; ngau; - ^03 Gs;spfs;&

gz;Gfs; A 2 × 2 - ^04 Gs;spfs;&

B 2 × 2 - ^04 Gs;spfs;& C 2 × 2 ^04Gs;spfs;& ^nkhj;jk; 15 Gs;spfs;& gFjp A apw;F

(ii) msj;jy;> Fwpj;jy;> Jisj;jy;> jt;it nkypjku;j;jy;> xg;gkhf;fy; Mfpad rupahd

gbKiwfspy; vOjg;gl;bUg;gpd; ^30 Gs;spfs;&

gFjp C apw;F

(iii) msj;jy;> Fwpj;jy;> jt;itj; Jisj;jy;> jthspg;ig ntl;ly;> xg;gkhf;fy; Mfpad rupahd

gbKiwfshf vOjg;gl;bUg;gpd; ^30 Gs;spfs;&

(iv) Ú gz;gwp Kbg;Gf;fhd nrad;Kiw ^09 Gs;spfs;&

Ú epiyj;J epw;wiy cWjpg;gLj;jy; ^06 Gs;spfs;&

^15 Gs;spfs;&

gFjp I 15 Gs;spfs; gFjp II 30 Gs;spfs; gFjp III 30 Gs;spfs; gFjp IV 15 Gs;spfs; nkhj;jk; 90 Gs;spfs


- 14 -

8. (i) vQ;rpd; njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiyia miltjd; %yk; njhopw;ghl;Lg; gFjpfspd; (tpNrlkhf

Kryr; RtUf;Fk; cUisr; RtUf;FkpilNa) ,ilntsp Fiwfpd;wJ. mg;NghJ neUf;fpa tsp

frpjy; Fiwfpd;wJ. mg;NghJ neUf;fy; mKf;fk; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. NkYk; krFfspd; gpRf;FikAk;

Fiwfpd;wJ. vQ;rpd; njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiyia miltjdhy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; ntg;gk;

Rtu;fspdhy; cwpQ;rg;gLjYk; ,optsthfpd;wJ. ,jd;%yk; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; ntg;g tYtpy;

ngUk; gFjp Kryj;jpd; kPJ ngwg;glyhk;.

,jd; %yk;

÷ vQ;rpdpd; tYtpy; ngUk; gFjpiag; gad;gLj;jj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy;

÷ vupnghUs; rpf;fdk; mjpfupj;jy;

÷ #oypw;F eilngWk; jPq;F ,optsthjy;

my;yJ

Nkw;Fwpj;j fUj;Js;s ve;j tpilAk; ^15 Gs;spfs&

(ii) vQ;rpidj; njhlf;Fk;NghJ cUisr; Rtu; cl;gl;l vy;yhg; gFjpfSk; Fspu;r;rpailfpd;wd.

vQ;rpidj; njhlf;FtjDld; ePu;g; gk;gpAk; njhopw;gl;L ePu;r; Rw;Nwhl;lr; nrad;Kiw

eilngWfpd;wJ. ePu;r; Rw;Nwhl;lr; nrad;Kiw fhuzkhf vQ;rpd; njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiyia

miljy; jhkjkhfpd;wJ. ,e;epiyikiaj; jtpu;g;gjw;F ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;tpdhy;

NkNy ,Uf;Fk; ePu; top (mjhtJ fjpu;j;jpapd; Nky; jhq;fpf;Fr; nry;Yk; ePu; top) jilg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

,t;thW jilg;gLtjdhy; fjpu;j;jpapd; Nky; jhq;fpf;F ePu; nry;yhky; ,il top topNa vQ;rpdpd;

clypDs;Ns ePu; Rw;wpNahlj; njhlq;Ffpd;wJ. vQ;rpd; njhopw;gl;lTld; vQ;rpDs;Ns cs;s ntg;gk;

me;ePupdhy; cwpQ;rg;gLfpd;wikahy; ePupd; ntg;gepiy mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. mjd; %yk; ntg;gepiyf;

fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T mjpy; Fwpg;gpl;l ntg;gepiyia miltjDld; jpwf;fpd;wJ. mg;NghJ ePu;

fjpu;j;jpapD}lhfr; nry;fpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk; cs;NsapUf;Fk; ePupd; ntg;gepiy FiwAk;NghJ

ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T %b ePupd; ntg;gepiy mjpfupf;Fk; mNj Ntis ePupd; ntg;gepiy

mjpfupf;Fk;NghJ ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T jpwe;J ntg;gepiy Fiwfpd;wJ.

,t;thW ntg;gepiy khWtjDld; ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T jpwg;gjd; %yKk; %Ltjd;

%yKk; vQ;rpdpDs;Ns njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiy fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ

my;yJ

Nkw;Fwpj;j tpil my;yJ fUj;J cs;s vt;tpilf;Fk;

^30 Gs;spfs&

(iii) mfj; jfd vQ;rpdpypUe;J Fiwe;j fjpapy; ngwj;jf;f KWf;Fjpwd; FiwthFk;. tpNrlkhfr;

nry;y Muk;gpf;Fk;NghJ rpy;Y Roy;tjw;Ff; $Ljyhd KWf;Fjpwd; Njit. mt;thNw XLk;NghJk;

,k;KWf;Fjpwidf; $l;Ltjw;Ff; (thfdj;ij Ke;jpr; nry;yy; Nghd;w) fjpiar; nrg;gQ; nra;jy;>

eLepiyiag; ^Neutral& ngWjy;> gpd;rPWjy; Mfpatw;Wf;Ff; fpau;g; ngl;b mj;jpahtrpakhFk;.

fpau;g; ngl;b tif

1' tOf;fp %l;Lf; fpau;g; ngl;b

2' khwh %l;Lf; fpau;;g; ngl;b

3' NeutpirTf; fpau;;g; ngl;b

4' jd;dpaf;ff; fpau;;g; ngl;b ^15 Gs;spfs&


- 15 -

(iv) ABS jLg;G Kiwapd; gpd;tUk; rpwg;gpay;Gfisf; fhl;lyhk;.

1' Mgj;jhd eOtiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;

2' jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; fltpD}lhf ^steering& thfdj;ijf; ifahSk; Mw;wy;

3' epWj;Jk; J}uj;ijf; ^Stopping Distance& Fiwj;jy;

4' jau; Njitaw;w tpjj;jpy; Nja;tijf; Fiwj;jy;

1' Mgj;jhd eOtiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;

thfdj;jpd; fjp> tPjp epiyik Mfpatw;wpd; kPJ rLjpj; jLg;G epiyapy; xU rpy;Y my;yJ gy

rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gl ^Lock& Kad;why; ABS ,yj;jpud; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; njhFjpapD}lhf mjidj;

jLj;J mr;rpy;iy my;yJ rpy;Yfis kw;iwa rpy;YfSld; rk fjpf;F khw;WtjD}lhf eOty;

fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

2' jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; fltpD}lhf thfdj;ijf; ifahSk; Mw;wy; fpilj;jy;

jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gLjy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wikahy;> mjhtJ thfdj;jpd;

rpy;Y Royiy thfdk; epw;Fk; tiuf;Fk; Ngz Kay;fpd;wikahy; fltpD}lhf thfdj;ijf;

ifahSk; Mw;wy; fpilf;fpd;wJ (jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gLjy; eilngw;why;

fltpD}lhf thfdj;ijf; ifahSk; Mw;wy; eyptilAk;).

3' epWj;Jk; J}uj;ijf; ^Stopping Distance& Fiwj;jy;

rLjpj; jLg;G epiyapy; jLg;G tpir ,ilapilNa rpy;Yf;Fg; gpuNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wikahy;

vy;iy cuha;T tpir gy jlit njhopw;gLtjd; tpisthf thfdk; epWj;jg;gLk; J}uj;ijf;

Fiwf;fyhk;. vdpDk;> fulhd guy; cs;s re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ,e;epiyik khWk;.

4' jau; Njitaw;w tpjj;jpy; Nja;tijf; Fiwj;jy;

,j;jLg;G Kiwapy; rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gl;L tPjp kPJ ,Oj;Jr; nry;yg;gLjy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;

gLfpd;wikahy; jau; Njitaw;w tpjj;jpy; Nja;jy; FiwAk;

my;yJ

Nkw;Fwpj;j tpilfspd; fUj;ijj; jUk; vt;tpilAk; ^30 Gs;spfs;&


- 16 -

gFjp D - fl;Liu (kpd;> ,yj;jpud; njhopDl;gtpay;)

9. (i) VC VR

C

I

A B

50 Hz

^10 Gs;spfs;&

I

VC

A apw;Fk; B apw;FkpilNa

^03 Gs;spfs;&

B apw;Fk; C apw;FkpilNaI

VR ^02 Gs;spfs;&

(ii) (a)

230 V

R

0.5 A jilXl;lr; RUs;

xL

^05 Gs;spfs;&

(b) I

VLxL

I VR

^05 Gs;spfs;&

(c)

xL

R

Z

60°

jlq;fy; (Z) If; fhzy;

V = IZ ,d; %yk;

230 = 0.5 × Z

Z = 2300.5

= 460 Ω


- 17 - jilapd; ngWkhdk; (R) If; fhzy;

cos 60° = RZ

12

= R460

R = 230 Ω

J}z;ly; jhf;Fjpwd; (XL) If; fhzy;

sin 60° = XL

460

= XL

460XL = 460

2×

= 230 = 230 × 1.732 = 398.36 Ω

√ 3

2√ 3

√ 3

^35 Gs;spfs;&

(khw;Wj; jpupNfhzfzpj Kiwfisg; gad;gLj;jpr; nra;Ak; fzpg;GfSf;Fg; Gs;spfs;

toq;fg;gLk;)

(iii) A - gbAau;j;J epiykhw;wp Step up T/F, 11/ 132 kV my;yJ 220/ 33 kV B - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 132/ 33kV my;yJ 220/ 33 kV C - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 33/ 11 kV D - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 33/ 0.415kV E - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 11/ 0.415kV

xU tpilf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk; (10 Gs;spfs;)

(iv)

L1L1

I1 I2 I3 IN

L2

N

L3

L3

L2

ifj ; njho py ; Efu;Nthu;

epiykhw;wpapd; ehzpd; Kbtplq;fs; (capUk; capuw;wJk;)

11 kV/ 415 V Kf;fiyg; gbFiw epiykhw;wp

415 V 11 kV 11 kV

11 kV 415 V

240 V

Kf;fiy 4 ehz; toq;fy; njhFjp(3 Phase 4 wire Distribution System)

rupahd cUTf;F ^05 Gs;spfs;&

epiykhw;wpr; Rw;wy;fspd; njhFg;G ^05 Gs;spfs;&

Nthy;w;wsitf; Fwpg;gply; ^05 Gs;spfs;&

ifj;njhopy; njhLg;igf; Fwpj;jy; ^05 Gs;spfs;&

Ú Nthy;w;wsT 415 V, 240 Vmy;yJ 400 V, 230 V Mf ,Uf;fyhk;.


- 18 -

10. (i) ^1& jPg;nghwp cz;lhtjpy;iy. ^05 Gs;spfs;&

^2& rpwpa Nthy;w;wstpdhy; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&

^3& cau; fjpapy; njhopw;glyhk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&

(ii) XY apw;fpilNa flj;jp njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;NghJ mb fhYk; Nthy;w;wsT

g+r;rpakhfpd;wikahy; jpuhd;rpw;wu; Jz;bf;fg;gLk; (Cut off) epiyikapy; ,Uf;Fk;. LED

mg;NghJ xspu;tjpy;iy. flj;jp njhLf;fg;glhky; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ mb fhYk; Nthy;w;wsT

0.6 ,Yk; $Ljyhfpj; jpuhd;rpw;wu; epuk;gy; (saturation) epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk;. mg;NghJ

LED xspUk;. ^15 Gs;spfs;&

,e;j XY apw;fpilNa cs;s flj;jpapd; ePsk; nky;ypa flj;jpapdhy; ,lg;glyhk;.

Mifahy; ghJfhg;G Ntypahfg; gad;gLj;jg;glyhk;. ^10 Gs;spfs;&

(iii) 5 = IB RB + VBE ^10 Gs;spfs;&

5 = 100 × 10

−6 × RB + 0.6 ^05 Gs;spfs;&

RB = (5 − 0.6) / 100 × 10−6

^05 Gs;spfs;&

RB = 4.4 × 104

= 44 KΩ ^05 Gs;spfs;&

(iv)

X

Y

RB

IB

5 V

mQ;ryp (relay)

my;yJ

RB

IB

5 V

mQ;ryp (relay)

X

Y

Rw;W ,Uthapiaf; nfhz;buhtpl;llhy; ^20 Gs;spfs;) my;yJ

rupahd Rw;W tupg;glj;jpw;F ^25 Gs;spfs;& * * *


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f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; gupl;ir njhopdl;gtpay; ghlj;jiw - … technology answers guide...2015 mk; mz;byk;...

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