flower arrangement on floral axis: inflorescence presented by: dr. maninder kaur associate...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE AXIS: INFLORESCENCE
Presented by: Presented by: Dr. Maninder KaurDr. Maninder KaurAssociate Professor, Botany Department,Associate Professor, Botany Department,Government College for Girls, Sector-11,Government College for Girls, Sector-11,
ChandigarhChandigarh
![Page 2: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
INFLORESCENCE
• Many trees do not bear their flowers separately but in groups closely together. These groups of flowers and their associated stems are called
inflorescences.• The stem that bears a single flower or an
inflorescence is called the peduncle. The peduncle of an inflorescence may have smaller stems called pedicels
• The pedicels may bear the flowers as in the example on the left, or they may have further small branches which bear the flowers, in which case the inflorescence is said to be compound.
A diagram of a generalised inflorescence
![Page 3: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Types of Inflorescence
Racemose Type: The main axis grows indefinitely giving rise to younger flowers in an acropetal order.
Cymose Type: The apical bud is a flower. The younger flowers are borne below it, in a basipetal manner.
Special Inflorescence
![Page 4: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Pedicillate Flowers
Rachis Elongated
Racemose Inflorescence
Rachis Shortened
Rachis Suppressed
Corymb
Rachis Flattened
Capitulum
Umbel
Sessile Flowers
Spike Catkin Spadix SpikeletRaceme Panicle
![Page 5: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Raceme Spikelet
Capitulum
UmbelCorymb
Panicle Spike Catkin Spadix
Rachis ElongatedPedicillate Flowers Sessile Flowers
Rachis ShortenedRachis Suppressed
Rachis Flattened
![Page 6: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Cymose Inflorescence
Dichasial
Solitary
Scorpoid Helicoid
Monochasial
Polychasial
![Page 7: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cymose Inflorescence
Solitary cyme
Polychasial cyme Dichasial cymeMonochasial cyme
Scorpoid Helicoid
![Page 8: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Special Inflorescence
Cyathium
Verticillaster
Hypanthodium
![Page 9: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Raceme
Stalked flowers are borne acropetally on an elongated rachis. e.g. Mustard, Radish.
![Page 10: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Alfalfa
PANICLE
Flowers borne not directly on the axis but on its branches.e.g. Alfalfa
![Page 11: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Compound Spike-Amaranthus spinosus
Simple Spike-Achyranthes aspera
SPIKE
Like a raceme but flowers are without stalk.e.g. Achyranthes
![Page 12: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Musa indica
SPADIX
Rachis is thick and fleshy and the flowers are covered by one or more spathy bracts e.g. Musa indica (banana)
![Page 13: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Morus alba
CATKIN
Spike in which the axis is thin and weak. These are unisexual inflorescences and usually deciduous e.g. Morus alba (Mulberry)
Carya texana
![Page 14: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Triticum vulgare
SPIKELET
1-5 flowers are present in a spikelet, which are subtended by lemma (br.), palea (brls.) and glumes e.g. Triticum vulgare (wheat)
![Page 15: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Iberis amara
CORYMB
Axis not elongated. All the flowers are placed almost at the same level, the lower flowers having longer pedicels. e.g. Iberis amara (candy tuft)
![Page 16: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Geranium Foeniculum vulgare
UMBEL
Axis is suppresed and the flowers usually have pedicels equal in length, forming a cluster e.g. Foeniculum vulgare (saunf)
![Page 17: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CAPITATE
The axis is suppressed and a large number of sessile flowers arise from it forming a globose structure e.g. Acacia, Mimosa
Albizia julibrissin (Mimosa)
![Page 18: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Helianthus annus
CAPITULUM
Rachis forms a flattened or convex receptacle on which the florets are arranged e.g. Helianthus annus (sunflower)
![Page 19: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Hibiscus rosa sinensis
SOLITARY
Axillary bud forms a single flower e.g. Hibiscus rosa sinensis (shoe flower)
![Page 20: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Heliotropium
MONOCHASIAL CYME
Main axis terminates in a flower and one lateral branch develops from its base also ending in a flower e.g. Heliotropium
![Page 21: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Dianthus
DICHASIAL CYME
Two lateral branches develop on two sides of the terminal flower. Lateral branches may again branch e.g. Dianthus
![Page 22: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Calotropis procera
POLYCHASIAL CYME
More than two branches develop on the two sides of the terminal flower e.g. Calotropis procera (Ak)
![Page 23: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Euphorbia pulcherrima
CYATHIUM
Extremely reduced unisexual florets are placed on convex receptacle covered by a cup shaped green involucre. Central female flower is the biggest surrounded by a large number of male flowers e.g. Euphorbia pulcherrima(Poinsettia),
![Page 24: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Ocimum sanctum
VERTICILLASTER
The opposite leaves at the nodes, bear dichasial cymes in their axils. The sessile flowers are clustered together appearing like a whorl around the stem e.g. Ocimum sanctum (tulsi)
![Page 25: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ficus
HYPANTHODIUM
Cup-shaped receptacle formed by the condensation of the rachis of closely placed cymes. The receptacle forms a vessel with a terminal opening and flowers inside it in cymose groups e.g. Ficus
![Page 26: FLOWER ARRANGEMENT ON FLORAL AXIS: INFLORESCENCE Presented by: Dr. Maninder Kaur Associate Professor, Botany Department, Government College for Girls,](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042510/551a51b45503463e778b5524/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Thank you