FLOWCHART

NO

YES

NO

YES

YES

START

Put a bottle of phenol in the oven until a sufficient amount has melted.

Pour approximately of 20mL of liquid phenol into a previously weighed 50mL graduated cylinder and reweigh immediately in the balance.

Add water

Start with Phenol to Water. Pipette 10mL of distilled water into the test tube.

A

Heat the bath slowly. Stir until clears. Remove the burner and continue to stir while cooling until the solutions cloud again.Is the solution

weighs 25% more than did

the pure phenol?

A

Record both clearing and clouding temperature.

Does cloudiness

remains after stirring?

Add phenol solution 1mL at a time until a total of 12mL has been added.

B

HAZARDS

Acute effects:

Phenol is irritating and corrosive to the skin. Because it has a local anesthetic effect, little or no pain may be felt on initial contact. However, skin in contact with phenol will generally turn white; later, severe burns may develop. Phenol is rapidly absorbed through the skin, and toxic or even fatal amounts can be absorbed through relatively small areas. Ingestion of as little as 1 gram can be fatal to humans. Phenol can also cause severe damage to eyes, including blindness.

Chronic effects:

B

Discard solution and proceed to part B.

Water to Phenol. Pipette 10mL of phenol solution into the test tube from a burette.

Make addition of water from a burette as above until a total of 12mL has been added.

The volume needs not to be exactly as stated but should be known accurately.

Record the clearing and clouding temperature.

END

Repeated or prolonged exposure to phenol or its vapors may cause headache, nausea, dizziness, difficulty swallowing, diarrhea, vomiting, shock, convulsions, or death. Phenol can affect the central nervous system, liver, and kidneys.