florida coastal monitoring program hurricane wind data collection kurt gurley – university of...
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Florida Coastal Monitoring ProgramFlorida Coastal Monitoring ProgramHurricane Wind Data CollectionHurricane Wind Data Collection
Kurt Gurley – University of FloridaForrest Masters – Florida International University
Tim Reinhold – Institute for Business and Home SafetyDavid Prevatt – Clemson University
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Florida Coastal Monitoring Program
• Measure in-field hurricane ground level wind velocities and relay data in real-time to emergency managers, forecasters and researchers
• Measure the hurricane wind pressures on residential structures
• Test capacity of building components
• Statistical Assessment of structural damage post-event
• Model structural vulnerability, and investigate mitigation measures
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Knowledge of ground-level winds used by:
– Atmospheric scientists • Boundary layer transition during hurricane landfall• Peak and mean speeds for model calibration• Validation of remote sensing technology
– Emergency managers• Estimate
– Physical damage (buildings and lifelines)– social and economic impacts
• Assignment of limited resources
Motivation for Research
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Motivation for Research
Knowledge of ground-level winds used by:
– Wind and civil engineers• Modeling the Damage Chain
– Wind speeds at higher elevations– Wind speeds near ground level– Wind pressure on structures– Wind damage prevention measures
• Outcomes:– Wind tunnel modeling– Building codes and standards with accurate load
information
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Portable Weather Stations
• Stiff 10-m Steel Lattice Tower
• Remain stable in 200 mph winds
• Self-powered
• Instruments collect wind speed and environmental data
• Quick setup to hasten retreat from approaching storm
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Tower in Atlantic Beach, NCIsabel, 2003
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Navarre Causeway
Dennis 2005
Peak 3-sec gust of 120 mph at 5 meters
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Tower Data
Time histories of wind speed over the duration of the hurricane
Statistical analysis reveals information needed for engineering design to resist the wind
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Real-time Data Transmission
NOAADCS
MIRRORWEB SERVERS
FIELD NOAA
GOES SATELLITE
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NOAA Hurricane Research DivisionMaximum Sustained Wind Swath
Hurricane Jeanne (2004)
Tower data is one of the sources of ground data input to H*WIND contour model of wind speeds
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Fleet of 5 towers (6 for 2006 season)
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Program Website www.ce.ufl.edu/~fcmp
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FCMP Instrumented Homes Measure Hurricane Wind Pressure
• 32 homes along Florida coast• Owners receive free retrofits
– storm shutters, new roof, gable bracing, braced garage door, etc.
• Sensors record uplift roof pressure
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Hurricane FrancesWinds on House – Jensen Beach
Study to Compare full-scale to Wind tunnel model to ASCE 7 loads
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Hurricane FrancesWinds on House – Jensen Beach
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Frances Peak 3-sec Gusts
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Hurricane Frances Eye Wall
Eyewall Peak 3-second gust 82 m.p.h.
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Ivan: Category 3 ? Not Based on Measurements
102 mph71 mph
75 mph
109 mph
124 mph
107 mph
107-119 mph
109 mph
106 mph
96-107 mph
81 mph
75-85 mph
86 mph
89 mph
89 mph
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Jeanne Peak 3-sec Gusts
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Wilma Measured Peak Winds
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Structural Resistance
Using real houses being demolished
– In-field testing to quantify actual loads to failure
– Relate back to wind speed– Test as-built and retrofitted
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Failure Capacity Testing
• DCA project to determine ultimate loads to failure for as-built and retrofitted structures
• As-built roof to wall toe-nail connections
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Failure Capacity Testing
• Retrofit with modern roof to wall connections
• Uplift capacity increased by factor of 5 with simple retrofit
• Loads to be converted to wind speed
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Post EventDamage Documentation
Jeanne, 2004
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Post Event Damage Documentation
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Window PerformanceCharley 2004 -Charlotte County
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Computational Modeling of Structural Vulnerability
– Model the capacity of building components– Apply wind loads– Calculate probability of damage to building
Openings
Roof SheathingRoof Cover
Roof to Wall Connections
WallsOpenings
Roof SheathingRoof Cover
Roof to Wall Connections
Walls
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Mitigation Studies
How would these curves (risks) change if we added strength?
– Hurricane shutters– More nails
Easily incorporated into the structural model
Leads to comparative cost effectiveness ($$)
May be applied to other types of structures
Openings
Roof SheathingRoof Cover
Roof to Wall Connections
WallsOpenings
Roof SheathingRoof Cover
Roof to Wall Connections
Walls
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Thank you. Any questions?
Project website www.ce.ufl.edu/~fcmp