floating remains: a globalfiler® case study
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Floating Remains: A GlobalfilerTM Case Study
Steen Hartsen Forensic Science & Technology
![Page 2: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Financial Disclosure
• I have no financial involvement with Life Technologies or Thermo-Fisher products that will be discussed.
• Life Technologies has sponsored me to be here to speak today.
![Page 3: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
BCIT Forensics
• Casework
• Education
• Research
Jason Moore - QA
Dean Hildebrand – Technical Leader
![Page 4: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Casework
– British Columbia Coroner Service • Unidentified Human Remains
– Insurance Corporation of British Columbia • Fraud Investigations
– National Forensic Science Institute (Namibia) • Murder/Sexual Assault cases
– Private Clients • Highly variable
BCIT Forensics
![Page 5: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Education
– Three main areas of forensic study: Forensic Science, Computer Crime and Crime & Intelligence Analysis.
– Workshops for various law enforcement agencies on a “as-needed” basis.
– Forensic Biology: DNA Typing Applications
– High School CSI Academy
BCIT Forensics
![Page 6: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Research
– Graduation Research Projects
– Directed Volunteer Projects
– Practicum Placements
– Validation Studies
BCIT Forensics
- Airbags as Sources of DNA Evidence from Motor Vehicle Incident Reconstructions
- A Novel Approach to Cast-Off DNA Analysis Using Globalfiler Express
- Evaluating the Effect of Globalfiler on Familial Searches
Grad Projects:
![Page 7: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
BCIT – Validation Timeline
2013: GlobalFiler Casework validated
2013: GlobalFiler Casework released
2012: Identifiler
Plus validated
2010: Identifiler
Plus released
2007: Minifiler validated
2007: Minifiler released
2004: Quantifiler
2000: Casework at BCIT
1997: Profiler
Plus released
![Page 8: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Case Study: Bridge Jumper
• Deceased was last seen jumping from the Port Mann Bridge over the Fraser river on May 6th, 2012.
• Jumper was a 6’3” tall male.
• The body was not recovered.
![Page 9: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Case Study: Bridge Jumper
• March 1st 2013, a left femur is found on the bank of the Fraser River. (PMI: 10 months)
• Anthropologists estimated the height of the individual to be over 6’0”.
• GIS (Geographic Information System) was used to narrow the scope of possible victims
![Page 11: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Case Study: Bridge Jumper
• A full profile was obtained with Globalfiler at 1 ng of input DNA.
• Comparisons to family members of the deceased were able to confirm the identity of the jumper.
• The profile was placed in the BCCS database in case any other body parts are found over time.
![Page 15: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Case Study: Bridge Jumper
![Page 16: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Case Study: Lost Lagoon Floater
![Page 17: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Lost Lagoon Floater
• June 6th 1972, a body is discovered by a jogger.
• Individual was determined to be Caucasian. The only identifying features were black pants and shoes.
• No-one was reported missing that matched that description.
![Page 18: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Lost Lagoon Floater
• After the autopsy, the remains were buried with the identity undetermined.
![Page 19: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Lost Lagoon Floater
• New information came to light in 2013 that allowed investigators to narrow down the identity of the UHR.
• An East Indian individual had been reported missing in April of 1972. The estimated PMI of the remains was about 1 month, indicating it might be a match.
• The missing individual also had black shoes..
![Page 20: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Lost Lagoon Floater
• The body had to be exhumed, as no samples had been preserved for future testing.
• During the exhumation, we discovered that the body had been buried in a particularly wet portion of the cemetery.
![Page 21: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Sample Processing
• The femur was processed using an organic extraction method and then quantified with Quantifiler Human (35 ng recovered).
• Identifiler Plus was initially used for STR analysis.
• A partial profile was obtained, with data at 14 loci above our analytical threshold of 50 RFU (ABI 310)
![Page 25: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Globalfiler Analysis
• Globalfiler validation began the following week on our new 3500 Genetic Analyzer
• We used various types of casework samples to
determine our analytical threshold and sensitivity study, and thought this would be a great test case.
![Page 27: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
310 Genetic Analyzer
![Page 28: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
3500 Genetic Analyzer
![Page 29: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Reproducibility and Precision of Allelic Ladder
![Page 30: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Dye Average StDev N Min RFU Max RFU Avg + 10 SD (LOQ) Analytical ThresholdBlue 14.3 7.2 3880 2 159 86 150Green 7.5 7.1 3834 1 134 78 150Yellow 7.3 4.2 3734 1 80 49 100Red 10.1 8.1 3968 2 221 92 150Purple 10.0 4.6 4096 2 75 56 100
Setting the Analytical Thresholds • 10x 1ng samples, 3x 0.5 ng samples and 4x NAC • Allele peaks and artifacts (pull-up or stutter) were removed from the study as
they are not true noise
Peaks N Total Noise Peaks % noise/total Total Samples % noise/sampleabove LOQ 28 19512 0.14% 17 165%above AT 4 19512 0.02% 17 24%
![Page 31: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Sensitivity
![Page 32: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Stochastic Threshold GlobalFiler: False Homozygote Call Potential Percentage of False Homozygous Calls
29.8% 7.4% 1.1% 0%
ST=200 RFU ST=300 RFU ST=400 RFU ST=450 RFU
![Page 33: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Stutter SE33
N+4 Stutter N-3 & N+3 Stutter N-4 & N-2 Stutter
3.7% 8.9% 2.9% 7.0% 3.7%
![Page 34: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
9947a Control Heat Map
9947a D3S135
8
vWA
D16S53
9
CSF1PO
TPOX
Yind
el
AMEL
D8S117
9
D21S11
D18S51
DYS391
D2S441
D19S43
3
TH01
FGA
D22S10
45
D5S818
D13S31
7
D7S820
SE33
D10S12
48
D1S165
6
D12S39
1
D2S133
8
rpt 11 ng rpt 2
rpt 3rpt 1
0.5 ng rpt 2rpt 3rpt 1 132
0.25 ng rpt 2 147rpt 3rpt 1
0.125 ng rpt 2rpt 3rpt 1
0.064 ng rpt 2 246rpt 3rpt 1 155 272
0.032 ng rpt 2 321 162 235 321 311rpt 3 315 207 247 364 297 316 256rpt 1 215 173 147 113
0.016 ng rpt 2 113 151rpt 3 217 153 112
![Page 35: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Back to our Floater..
Bone D3S135
8
vWA
D16S53
9
CSF1PO
TPOX
Yind
el
AMEL
D8S117
9
D21S11
D18S51
DYS391
D2S441
D19S43
3
TH01
FGA
D22S10
45
D5S818
D13S31
7
D7S820
SE33
D10S12
48
D1S165
6
D12S39
1
D2S133
8
rpt 11 ng rpt 2 198
rpt 3 165rpt 1 335
0.5 ng rpt 2rpt 3 256 144 172rpt 1 200 179 215 140 101
0.25 ng rpt 2rpt 3rpt 1
0.125 ng rpt 2 242 151 119rpt 3 257 260 162 119rpt 1 162 156
0.064 ng rpt 2 117rpt 3 131 188rpt 1 187
0.032 ng rpt 2 158rpt 3rpt 1 105
0.016 ng rpt 2rpt 3
![Page 36: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Back to our Floater..
![Page 37: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Back to our Floater..
• The profile obtained was compared to a surviving family member.
• Familial comparison proved it was indeed a match
• Remains were cremated at the family’s request.
![Page 38: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Project Amplify
• Student project focusing on retrospective amplification for unresolved cases within the BC Coroner Service.
• Examining 26 outstanding cases to try and expand the database entries
![Page 39: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
As of August 2012, 44 countries had active national offender DNA databases. www.dnaresource.com
![Page 40: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
DNA Results from BCCS Samples (2012)
![Page 41: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Project Amplify
• Most cases have low statistical resolvability when making familial comparisons
• Typically they have been amplified with Profiler Plus.
• As the DNA database has grown, fortuitous matches have increased due to limited loci.
![Page 42: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Probability of Identity
Profiler Plus CODIS Identifiler Plus GlobalFilerLoci 9 13 15 21Prob of Identity 1.48E-‐11 2.13E-‐15 5.01E-‐18 3.71E-‐26LR 6.76E+10 4.69E+14 2.00E+17 2.70E+251in 67 Billion 469 Trillion 200 Quadrillion 27 Septillion
![Page 43: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Project Amplify
• Increasing the number of loci increases the stats
• Direct comparisons go from astronomical to even more astronomical
• Familial comparisons can go from moderate to very strong support.
![Page 44: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
LR: 1 in 2798
Source: “EASY DNA” by Dr. Fung
![Page 45: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
LR: 1 in 841 Thousand
Source: “EASY DNA” by Dr. Fung
![Page 46: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
LR: 1 in 241 Million
Source: “EASY DNA” by Dr. Fung
![Page 47: Floating Remains: A GlobalFiler® Case Study](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110318/55d56d33bb61eb24128b45f0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Project Amplify
• Work continues to update unresolved cases with as much new data as possible.
• I would like to thank the BC Coroner Service: Identification & Disaster Response Unit for allowing me to talk about these cases.