flex array 12 version 1.1

8/3/2019 Flex Array 12 Version 1.1

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FlexArrayFlexArrayFlexArrayFlexArray----12121212

Disk EnclosureDisk EnclosureDisk EnclosureDisk Enclosure

User’s GuideUser’s GuideUser’s GuideUser’s Guide



FlexArray-12 Disk EnclosureUser’s GuideVersion 1.1

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C O R P O R A T I O N

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Preface................................................................................. 1Disclaimer....................................................................... 1Trademarks .................................................................... 1Modifications................................................................... 2FCC Radio Frequency Interference Statement ............... 2FCC Booklet Information................................................. 3Shielded Cables ............................................................. 3Compliances................................................................... 3IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ........................ 4General Precautions and Electrical Considerations ........ 4Cleaning Instructions ...................................................... 6

2. Features............................................................................... 7FlexArray-12 General Overview...................................... 7RAIDmanLITE Software.................................................. 9EAM Configuration via Serial Tool .................................. 9Environment Array Manager (EAM)...............................10LCD Control Panel.........................................................10LCD Control Panel Diagram ..........................................11

LCD Panel Tables..........................................................12Main Menu Icon Table ...................................................12Sub Menu Icon Table.....................................................12Drive Status LEDs .........................................................13Fan Monitoring...............................................................13Enclosure Temperature Monitoring................................13Power Subsystem Monitoring ........................................13Communications Ports...................................................14SCSI Connectors...........................................................14Event Notification...........................................................14

3. Hardware Installation ..................................................15Quick Install Checklist....................................................15

Safety Precautions & Unpacking Procedures.................16Hardware & Software Installation Requirements............17Additional Installation Requirements..............................17FlexArray-12 Front View................................................18




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FlexArray-12 Rear View.................................................19FlexArray-12 Side Views................................................20FlexArray-12 Rack Mount Version .................................21Drive Order FlexArray-12 Rack and Tower Versions .....22SCSI ID Settings............................................................23To Install or Replace a Disk Drive..................................26Power Supply Unit Lock.................................................28To Unlock a Power Supply Unit .....................................28To Lock a Power Supply Unit.........................................31

Cable Connections for One Channel Single EnclosureConfiguration .................................................................32One Channel Single Enclosure Configuration................33Cable Connections for Two Channel Single EnclosureConfiguration .................................................................34Two Channel Single Enclosure Configuration................35Cable Connections for Two Channel Multiple EnclosureConfiguration .................................................................36Two Channel Multiple Enclosure Configuration..............37

4. Enclosure Configuration.....................................................38Quick Configuration Checklist........................................39

LCD Control Panel Diagram ..........................................40LCD Panel Tables..........................................................41Main Menu Icon Table ...................................................41Sub Menu Icon Table.....................................................41Alarm Reset/ Error Log..................................................42Select (RAIDMan Activity)..............................................42Enter (Configuration) .....................................................42To Quiet the Error Log Alarm.........................................43To Initiate the LCD Configuration Menu.........................44To Set an Enclosure ID..................................................46To Enable Temperature Sensor Settings.......................48To Change Buzzer Settings...........................................51

Hard Addresses.............................................................52To Configure Expansion Enclosures..............................52

5. EAM Configuration using Serial Tool ...............................53Cable Connections ........................................................53




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To Install Serial Tool on.................................................54Windows 95/98 and Windows NT ..................................54To Run EAM Configuration Serial Tool ..........................55Enclosure Configuration.................................................57To Configure an Enclosure ............................................58To Upgrade the Flash....................................................60To Accept the Existing Configuration Settings ...............62

6. RAIDmanLITE Software .....................................................64

RAIDmanLITE System Requirements............................64To Connect Cables........................................................65To Install RAIDmanLITE on Windows95/98 and WindowsNT .................................................................................65To Run RAIDmanLITE...................................................66Main Control Panel ........................................................66Enclosures Display ........................................................67Enclosure Temperature Display.....................................67Alarm Status and Log Displays......................................68Action Buttons ...............................................................69Enclosure Configuration Functions ................................69To Configure an Enclosures Sensors.............................70

To Set or Modify the System Password .........................71Define Alerts..................................................................72MS Mail .........................................................................73MHS ..............................................................................74NetWare Broadcast .......................................................75Pager.............................................................................76UNIX Broadcast.............................................................77

7. Troubleshooting.................................................................79Setup Issues Action List.................................................80Enclosure ID Problems..................................................81Power-up Problems.......................................................82Set-up Problems............................................................83

LCD Error Number Table...............................................83Enclosure or Drive Errors...............................................85Drive Failure ..................................................................85What to do if a Drive Fails..............................................85




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Raidtec Technical Support.............................................86

Glossary...................................................................................87




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1. PREFACE Disclaimer

The information in this document is subject to change without noticeand should not be construed as a commitment by Raidtec Corporationor its agents. Raidtec Corporation assumes no responsibility for anyerrors that may appear in this document except in so far as alterationsmay be made subsequent to receiving written indication of the

information concerned.

The product description in this document is intended solely for use inoperation, installation and maintenance of the Raidtec FlexArray-12 Disk Enclosure. Use of this document for all other purposes, withoutprior written approval from Raidtec Corporation is prohibited.

Copyright © 1999Raidtec Corporation400 Overlook Business ParkBldg. 12, 1360 Union Hill RoadAlpharetta, GA 30004-7759andCastle RoadLittle Island Industrial EstateCork, Ireland

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced,photocopied, stored on a retrieval system, or transmitted withoutexpress permission of Raidtec Corporation.

Trademarks

Raidtec, RAIDmanLITE , and FlexArray are all trademarks of RaidtecCorporation. All other names, brands, products and services aretrademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.




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Modifications

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by RaidtecCorporation could void the user’s authorization to operate theequipment.

FCC Radio Frequency Interference Statement

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequencyenergy. If not installed and used in strict accordance with themanufacturer’s instructions, it may cause interference to radio andtelevision reception. The limits are designed to provide reasonableprotection against interference in a residential installation. However,there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particularinstallation.

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart B of Part 15 of FCC rules.

If this equipment does cause interference to radio or televisionreception, users are encouraged to try one or more of the followingcorrective measures:

• Reorient the receiving antenna.

• Relocate the computer with respect to the receiver.

• Move the computer away from the receiver.

• Plug the computer into a different outlet so that computer andreceiver are on different branch circuits.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technicianfor additional suggestions.




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FCC Booklet Information

The following booklet, prepared by the Federal CommunicationsCommission, may also be helpful in resolving interference issues:How to Identify and Resolve Radio/TV Interference Problems.This booklet is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20401, Stock No. 004-000-00345-4.

Shielded Cables

SHEILDED INTERFERENCE CABLE(S) MUST BE USEDACCORDING TO FCC 15.838D

Compliances

CANADA:

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for noiseemissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio InterferenceRegulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

Le present appareil numerique n’emet pas de bruits radioelectriquesdepasssant les limites applicables aux appareil numerique de la class Aenoncees par les Reglements sur les brouilages radioelectriques emispar le Ministere des Communications du Canada.

EUROPE:

This product has been investigated in accordance to UL 1950.

This product was designed, developed, and manufactured

under an NSAI registered I.S. EN ISO 9001 quality system.

This device complies with EU EMC Directive 89/336/EEC andwas assessed to the requirements of the following:EN 55022-1994+A1, A2 CISPR 22 Class A.EN 50082-1-1997 (EN 61000-4-2,3,4,5,6,11).




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IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

General Precautions and Electrical Considerations

• Read all these instructions before setting up and using your system!

• Follow all warnings and instructions noted on the computer and inthe operating instructions.

• Save these instructions for future reference.

• Use of a non-interruptible power supply is strongly recommended.

• Do not set up or use this device near water. Electrical shock anddamage may occur if water shorts out high voltage parts.

• Do not block the enclosure vents or place this device in a built-ininstallation unless proper ventilation is provided. Blockingenclosure vent could cause installed components to overheat andoperate unreliably. Avoid setting the device on a bed, sofa, carpet,pillow or other soft surfaces that can cover the enclosure vents.

• Never set the device on a radiator, heat register, or other heatsource.

• Never insert foreign objects into the enclosure slots. Fire, electricalshock, and/or damage may occur if such objects short out highvoltage parts.

• Operate the device using the correct type of AC power source, asspecified on the label (typically, 115V/230V in the US and Canada;50Hz/60Hz in the UK and Europe).

• Plug the power cord into a properly grounded electrical outlet to

prevent electrical shock.

• Do not use adapter plugs or remove the grounding prong.




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• Replace any obsolete outlet. If you use an extension cord with thesystem, use a 3-wire extension cord and make sure that theextension cord’s ampere rating is sufficient to handle the load of allthe equipment plugged into it.

• Use an approved surge suppresser to protect the equipment fromerratic electricity.

• Install new or replace failed disk drives with UL listed or ULrecognized disk drives ONLY.

• Check that the total load of all devices attached to one cord or oneoutlet never exceeds 15 amperes. The wattage rating for mostdevices is listed on the label for the product.

• Do not set any object on the power cord. Situate the power cordaway from traffic areas so it will not be stepped on or tripped over.

• Prevent static electricity from permanently damaging yourelectronic components.

• Handle components and cards with care. Avoid touchingcomponents and contacts on cards. If possible, hold the card by itsedges or by its metal mounting bracket.

• Do not attempt to service this device yourself except as explainedin the manual.

Please ensure the following precautions are observed when rackmounting the equipment:

• The maximum operating ambient temperature is 40˚ (Celsius).

• The rear of the unit should have at least one foot of clearance fromany other objects for ventilation.

• The unit should be powered from a dedicated branch circuit toprevent circuit overloading.




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• The safety earth connection is provided by power supply cord. Thepower supply cord should be connected to an outlet that isgrounded in accordance with the National Electric Code (NEC).

Contact service personnel for assistance if:

• A power cable or plug is frayed or damaged.

• The device is exposed to rain or water, or liquid has been spilled

into it.

• The device is dropped or the enclosure is damaged.

• The device does not operate normally when the operatinginstructions are followed.

Cleaning Instructions

• Turn off the equipment and unplug it from the electrical outlet beforecleaning.

• Use a slightly damp cloth for cleaning. Never apply liquid or aerosol

cleaners directly to computing devices.

• If the device gets wet, unplug all system power cables and contactRaidtec Technical Support for assistance.




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The FlexArray-12 Disk Enclosure is a RAID storage enclosure designedto provide RAID 0, 1,3, or 5 capability to any host system equipped witha SCSI interface. A single FlexArray-12 enclosure accepts up to twelve(12) SCA Ultra2 SCSI disk drives and contains two (2) n+1 powersupplies and six (6) fans.

The Environment Array Manager (EAM), on the FlexArray-12 enclosure’s front mounted LCD panel, controls monitoring, andlocal/remote event notification set-up. The FlexArray-12 disk enclosureuses RAIDmanLITE administration software for enclosure managementand local and remote alert notification. The FlexArray-12 DiskEnclosure can be either Tower or Rack mounted.

FlexArray-12 Disk Enclosure




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RAIDmanLITE Software

The RAIDmanLITE administration software provides a 32-bit, Windowscompatible, GUI for initialization, administration, and event notificationof all aspects of the FlexArray-12 disk enclosure. This utility is availablefor operation in Windows 95/98 and Windows NT environments.

RAIDmanLITE complete graphical interface features include:

• Environment monitoring.• Temperature sensor configuration.

• Local and remote alarm administration.

• Password protection for key configuration and diagnostic functions.

EAM Configuration via Serial Tool

In instances where FlexArray-12 enclosures do not have LCD panels,this software tool allows users to:

• Configure FlexArray-12 enclosures IDs.

• Enable temperature sensor.

•Set temperature thresholds.

• Upgrade Flash.

The Upgrade Flash option on EAM Configuration via Serial Tool, allowsusers to update the flash with a new version of EAM firmware codewhen necessary.

This utility software is available for operation in both Windows 95/98and Windows NT and can also be used under any terminal emulationsoftware.




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Environment Array Manager (EAM)

The FlexArray-12 Environment Array Manager (EAM) monitorstemperature, fans, power supplies, disk presence, and disk fault status.The EAM outputs appropriate status information in the form of driveLED indicators, LCD panel, and/or communication messages via theserial port to local or remote systems and applications such as, theRAIDmanLITE software.

LCD Control Panel

Users can operate the LCD display panel on the front of the enclosureto display information about enclosure ID, enclosure temperature,power, and enclosure monitoring and alerts.

The LCD panel displays the FlexArray-12 model and EAM releaseversion numbers, the enclosure ID, and status information duringnormal operation of the subsystem. On initial power up, the defaultLCD message display provides subsystem identification similar to thefollowing example.

The bottom line of the display is reserved for event notification.

Raidtec CorporationRaidtec CorporationRaidtec CorporationRaidtec Corporation

LVD Array 12 :4.3

Enclosure : :00




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LCD Control Panel Diagram

NOTE: The LCD Control Panel is a factory fitted option.

The following diagram illustrates the button locations and other visiblefeatures of a FlexArray-12 LCD control panel. Your LCD control panellooks similar to the following example.

Use the tables on the following page to as a guide to using the buttonson the LCD panel.


LVD Array 12 :4. 3

Enclosure :00

Push Buttons




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LCD Panel Tables

Refer to these tables as a guide to the uses and functions of theFlexArray-12 LCD Panel. The LCD panel has two sets of menu iconsthat represent the functions of the LCD buttons under the display.

• Main Menu Icons. Provide access to the various menus.

• Sub Menu Icons. Allow users to select options.

Main Menu Icon Table

The Main menu icons and their functions are as follows:

Button Label MainMenuIcon

Function

ALARM RESET(ERROR LOG)

Displays only when the Error Log Alarm sounds.Press to halt the alarm and enter the Error StatusMenu.

Displays the Error Log.

RECREATE DRIVE(View/Rebuild RAIDset) Not available in JBODS.

SELECTThis icon rotates when you perform an action on theRAIDmanLITE software and each timeRAIDmanLITE sends a command to the EAM (everyfour or five seconds). The button clears the LCDdisplay.

ENTER(CONFIGURATION) Displays Configuration Menu.

Sub Menu Icon Table

The sub menu icons allow users to select and enter the options theywant to use in the LCD panel sub menu.

Button Sub MenuIcon

Function

UP Scrolls up utility menu choices.

DOWN Scrolls down utility menu choices.

ENTER ENTER button, accepts choices.




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Drive Status LEDs

Each drive on the FlexArray-12 has three (3) associated LED indicatorsvisible from the front of the enclosure. The following LED colorindicators display each individual drive’s status.

• Drive Error Red.

• Drive Activity Yellow.

• Drive Power Green.

Fan Monitoring

Six (6) rear mounted, fans provide cooling for the enclosure. Thesefans are attached to the fan backplane. This monitors the fans for anyabnormal current variations and flags a fan failure via the ServiceChannel to the EAM.

Enclosure Temperature Monitoring

One (1) temperature monitor port is present by default, mounted on theEAM controller and appropriate thresholds may be set via the

Configuration Menu. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, theEAM flags the alerts to the LCD panel and the RS-232 port, to theRAIDmanLITE software if configured.

Power Subsystem Monitoring

The FlexArray-12 power subsystem consists of two (2) PSUs (PowerSupply Units) in an N+1 fault tolerant arrangement. Power distributionis via the power subsystem backplane. Any PSU failure results inflashing of the appropriate front LCD panel LED, and an alert being sentthrough the EAM to the Error Log Alarm on the LCD control panel.




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Communications Ports

You will find positions for four (4) DB9 ports on the rear of theFlexArray-12 enclosure labeled SER 1, SER 2, SER 3 and SER 4respectively.

• SER 1 is blank on the FlexArray-12 .

• SER 2 provides an RS 232 link for configuration and event

notification via the RAIDmanLITE software (and the EAMConfiguration using Serial Tool utility software).

• SER 3 and SER 4 use RS 485 multi-drop cables for multi-enclosurecommunication.

NOTE: In instances where the FlexArray-12 expansion enclosures do not have LCD panels you can use SER 2 to connect to the EAM Configuration using Serial Tool software to configure your enclosure IDs. (See Chapter 5. EAM Configuration using Serial Tool.)

SCSI Connectors

You will find positions for four (4) 68pin SCSI connectors on the rear ofthe FlexArray-12 enclosure labeled SCSI 1, SCSI 2, SCSI 3 and SCSI 4respectively. Refer to Chapter 3. Hardware Installation for detailedinformation on cable connections specific to your FlexArray-12 .

Event Notification

The front panel LCD display and indicators are the primary interface forevent notification. Depending on the event, the EAM will operate thefollowing alerts:

• Sound an audible alarm.

• Flash the appropriate LED indicator.• Display the Error Log Alarm icon on the LCD control panel.

• Communicate an alert message via SER 2 to the RAIDmanLITE administration software.




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3. HARDWARE INSTALLATION

Use the information in this chapter to do the following:

• Use the Quick Install Checklist (optional).

• Check and unpack the FlexArray-12 .

• Check hardware and software installation requirements.

• View enclosure diagrams.

• Install or replace a disk drive.

• Unlock/lock and remove power supplies.

• Connect cables for single and multiple enclosure configurations.

Quick Install Checklist

These are the basic steps for getting your FlexArray-12 installed,configured, and running. Consult the specified sections of this manualfor instructions on each step.

Step Chapter1. Unpack and inspect enclosure

components.

Chapter 3. Hardware Installation;

Safety Precautions & Unpacking Procedures.

2. Verify your host system has aLVD Ultra2* SCSI host adapterinstalled.

Chapter 3. Hardware Installation; Hardware & Software Installation Requirements.

3. Install disk drives if necessaryin the FlexArray-12 .

Chapter 3. Hardware Installation; To Install or Replace a Disk Drive.

4. Connect FlexArray-12 enclosure componentstogether via SCSI and serialcables.

Chapter 3. Hardware Installation; Cable Connections Configurations for Single and Multiple Enclosure Configurations.

5. Configure FlexArray-12 . Chapter 4. Enclosure Configuration

6. Install software on your hostsystem.

Chapter 5. EAM Configuration via Serial Tool and Chapter 6.RAIDmanLITE Software.

An Ultra2 SCSI host adapter is preferable, but is not necessary. The minimumrequirement is for a Wide SCSI host adapter.




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Safety Precautions & Unpacking Procedures

Place your FlexArray-12 disk enclosure component box(es) near thelocation(s) where they will be permanently installed. During theunpacking and installation process, please observe the followingprecautions.

• Open all boxes carefully to prevent any damage to the contents.

• Observe proper electrostatic protective measures, including useof a ground strap, when handling Electro Static Discharge (ESD)sensitive devices such as, disk drives.

• Check components and accessories shipped against packinglists. If the contents do not match the packing lists, contact yourSupplier or Raidtec sales representative immediately for assistance.

• Perform a visual check on your FlexArray-12 enclosure(s) and allaccessories and optional equipment for any physical damage thatmay have occurred during shipment.

NOTE: Interstate commerce rules require immediate reporting of goods

damaged in shipment (usually within 24 hours) in order to receive compensation for damage or losses from the shipper.

• Save all boxes and packing materials received in the originalshipment of your FlexArray-12 components and accessories in caseyou need to further transport or ship your FlexArray-12 .

NOTE: To maintain adequate air flow and maximum cooling in the FlexArray-12 enclosure(s), it is important to remove all packing material.

• Complete and return your warranty registration card.

• Retain your invoice. All warranty repairs require proof ofpurchase. Further, the product must be returned in the originalpackaging.




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Hardware & Software Installation Requirements

To successfully install your FlexArray-12 , you will need thefollowing hardware and software:

• One (1) FlexArray-12 with disk drives installed.

• One (1) third-party SCSI host adapter installed in the host system.(You will need a dual channel SCSI host adapter if you are using a

two channel FlexArray-12 enclosure.)

• One (1) SCSI cable for use between the FlexArray-12 and the SCSIhost adapter. (You will need a second SCSI cable to connect to theSCSI host adapter if you are using a two channel FlexArray-12 enclosure.)

To use the RAIDmanLITE GUI for configuration, management andmonitoring, you will require the following:

• One (1) PC running Windows 95, 98 or Windows NT to function asa host system for the RAIDmanLITE software. (You can use thehost system connected to the FlexArray-12 to run the

RAIDmanLITE software if the host system is running Windows 95,98 or Windows NT.)

Additional Installation Requirements

A basic understanding of the following topics will assure a successfulFlexArray-12 installation:

• SCSI hard disk technology.

• RAID concepts.




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FlexArray-12 Front View

The following diagrams illustrate the general position of theFlexArray-12 enclosures’ external connectors and other visible features.

LCD Panel

Drive Shuttle CantileverHandle

Fan LEDS

PSU LED

Drive LEDs:

Failure: RedActivity: Yellow

Power: Green

Reset/Configuration Button

FlexArray-12 Disk Enclosure

Front View




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FlexArray-12 Rear View

SCSI 2

PSUKeyhole

SCSI 3

SCSI 1

PSU Lock

SER 3SER 4RS 485 SerialPorts

Fused AC Input

On /Off PowerSwitch

PSU Handle

Power Supply LightsAC: current supplyDC: current supply

Power Supply Fan

Positionfor 5.25 “

device

SER 1

SCSI 4

SER 2




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FlexArray-12 Side Views

Terminatorson SCSI 1 andSCSI 2

DriveShuttles

Backplane

Backplane

10

7

1

4

Driveshuttles

Fused ACIn uts

FlexArray-12Left Side View

FlexArray-12

Right Side View

12

9

6

3

SCSI 1 and

SCSI 2connectors

T

T




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FlexArray-12 Rack Mount Version

PSUKeyhole

FanLEDs

PSU LED

Reset/ConfigurationButton

Drive LEDsFailure: RedActivity: YellowPower: Green

Drive shuttleCantilever Handle

LCD ControlPanel

PSULock

SER 3 andSER 4 RS485 SerialPorts

SCSI 2

SCSI 1

SCSI 4 Fused ACInput

PSUHandle

PowersupplyLEDs

SCSI 3

RS 232Serial portSER 1SER 2




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Drive Order FlexArray-12 Rack and Tower Versions

The drive IDs are in the following order for both rack and tower versionsof the FlexArray-12 disk enclosure.

NOTE 1: On the Rack enclosure the order of the drive IDs runs from top to bottom, starting at the top left hand corner of the Rack Enclosure and ending at the bottom right hand corner of the enclosure.

FlexArray-12RACK Version

1 4 7 10

2 5 8 11

3 6 9 12

NOTE 2: On the Tower enclosure the order of the drive IDs runs from left to right,starting at the bottom left hand corner, and ending at the top right hand corner of the enclosure.

FlexArray-12Tower Version

1

4

7

10 11 12

8 9

5 6

2 3




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SCSI ID Settings

NOTE: The order of the SCSI IDs is set at the time of manufacture and it is not possible to alter the SCSI ID settings.

The diagrams on the following pages show the how SCSI IDs map tothe correct drives depending on the type of FlexArray-12 enclosure(s)you are using; (One channel or Two channel, Tower or Rack mounted,Single or Multiple enclosure configurations).

One Channel Tower Enclosure: Single Enclosure Configuration

One Channel Rack Enclosure: Single Enclosure Configuration

Channel 1

Channel 1

SCSIID 11

SCSIID 12

SCSIID 13

SCSIID 8

SCSIID 0

SCSIID 3

SCSIID 9

SCSIID 10

SCSIID 4

SCSIID 5

SCSIID 1

SCSIID 2

SCSI ID11

SCSI ID12

SCSI ID13

SCSI ID8

SCSI ID0

SCSI ID3

SCSI ID9

SCSI ID10

SCSI ID4

SCSI ID5

SCSI ID1

SCSI ID2




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Two Channel Tower Enclosure: Single Enclosure Configuration

Channel 2

Channel 1

Two Channel Rack Enclosure: Single Enclosure Configuration

SCSIID 3

SCSIID 4

SCSIID 5

SCSIID 0

SCSIID 0

SCSIID 3

SCSIID 1

SCSIID 2

SCSIID 4

SCSIID 5

SCSIID 1

SCSIID 2

Channel 1 Channel 2

SCS ID 3

SCSI ID 4

SCSI ID 5

SCSI ID 0

SCSI ID 0 SCSI ID 3

SCSI ID 1

SCSI ID 2

SCSI ID 4

SCSI ID 5

SCSI ID 1

SCSI ID 2




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Two Channel Tower Enclosure: Multiple Enclosure Configuration

Two Channel RACK Enclosure: Multiple Enclosure Configuration

Enclosure 0

Enclosure 1

Channel 1

Enclosure 0 Enclosure 1

Channel 2

SCSIID 11

SCSIID 12

SCSIID 13

SCSIID 8

SCSIID 8

SCSIID 11

SCSIID 9

SCSIID 10

SCSIID 12

SCSIID 13

SCSIID 9

SCSIID 10

SCSIID 3

SCSIID 4

SCSIID 5

SCSI

ID 0

SCSIID 0

SCSIID 3

SCSI

ID 1

SCSI

ID 2

SCSIID 4

SCSIID 5

SCSIID 1

SCSIID 2

SCSIID 11

SCSI

ID 12

SCSIID 13

SCSIID 8

SCSIID 8

SCSIID 11

SCSI ID

9

SCSIID 10

SCSI

ID 12

SCSIID 13

SCSI

ID 9

SCSIID 10

SCSIID 5

SCSIID 2

SCSIID 2

SCSIID 5

SCSI

ID 3

SCSI

ID 0

SCSI

ID 0

SCSI

ID 3

SCSCIID 4

SCSIID 1

SCSIID 1

SCSIID 4

Channel 1 Channel 2




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To Install or Replace a Disk Drive

The FlexArray-12 disk drive shuttles are designed to take SCA 3.5” diskdrives. The removable shuttles provide mounting holes to securelyinstall disk drives. Once installed in the shuttle, the disk drive’s 40 pin,SCA connector, mates correctly with the backplane. (Raidtec-suppliedSCA drives come pre-configured in shuttles ready for insertion into theFlexArray-12 enclosure.)

Use the following instructions to:

• Install a third-party drive.

• Replace a third-party drive.

1. Insert the key in the lock, and turn the key to the right.

2. While holding the key in this position, pull the shuttle handleforward. This action disconnects the drive’s SCA interface andremoves power from the disk drive.

3. Release the key. If a drive is already installed in the shuttle, allowthe drive to spin down completely before fully extracting the shuttle

from the bay assembly.

NOTE: Please observe proper Electro Static Discharge (ESD)protective measures when handling disk drives.

4. Place the shuttle on its side with the four sink hole slots facingtowards you (see Figure 1.) Insert the drive in the disk shuttle.

Figure 1. Drive Shuttle Side View.

DriveShuttle




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5. Position the disk drive so the rear 40 pin SCA drive connector is atthe upper side of the shuttle and that the rear of the drive is flushwith the rear of the shuttle. (See Figure 2.)

Figure 2. Drive Shuttle Rear Side View.

6. Secure the drive in the shuttle with the four screws provided. It is very important that the drive is securely fastened. The driveshuttle screws must be flush with the edge of the shuttle to ensurethe shuttle fits smoothly into the enclosure. The proper fastening ofthe drive in the shuttle enables the shuttle to act as a highlyeffective heat sink. Return the shuttle to the upright position.

The rear of the drive should now look like Figure 3.

Figure 3. Drive Shuttle in Upright Rear View.

7. Insert the drive shuttle between the guide rails. Push the driveshuttle firmly to secure, the drive locks automatically upon insertion.Repeat steps 1 through 7 until you have installed all the drives.

Disk

Drive

SCA driveconnector

Shuttle

Drive in shuttleRear ViewShuttle

Disk

SCA driveconnectorat upper side of theshuttle

Bottom

Top




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Power Supply Unit Lock

On each Power Supply Unit (PSU) on your FlexArray-12 enclosurethere is a Power Supply Unit (PSU) Lock to secure the PSU into placeon the FlexArray-12 .

To Unlock a Power Supply Unit

1. Press the power supply switch on the rear of the power supply unitto the OFF position.

Power supply unit switched off.

PSU LOCK in locked position.

Power Supply Unit in locked position.

PSU Keyhole

PSU Keyhole

Power supply On/Off switch

PSU Lock in locked position.




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2. Disconnect the power supply cable from its socket and remove thepower supply cable from the rear of the power supply unit. Youcannot unlock the power supply unit without first removing thepower supply cable from the power supply unit.

Disconnected power supply cable.

3. Insert the PSU Allen key into the PSU lock and gently turn theAllen key approximately 45°to the right.

Disconnectedpower supplycable

Power supply cable

Power supply cableconnector

PSU Keyhole

PSU Lock in locked position.

PSU 4mm Allen key

Turn PSU key to 45°tothe right

PSU Keyhole




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4. Turn the PSU lock 90°to the right. The PSU is now in theunlocked position. You cannot connect the PSU to a power supplycable while the power supply unit is in the unlocked position.

PSU lock turned 90° to the right in unlocked position.

5. You can remove the power supply unit from the FlexArray-12 whenthe PSU lock is in the unlocked position.

6. To remove the power supply unit, hold the power supply unit (PSU)handle and gently pull the power supply unit towards you. Thepower supply unit should slide out towards you from the guide rails.

7. To re-insert a power supply into the FlexArray-12 , check that thePSU lock is in the unlocked position and gently guide the PSUalong the guide rails and back into the FlexArray-12 . Once the PSUis re-inserted into the FlexArray-12, you can lock the PSU into placeby turning the PSU Lock back to the locked position. (See thefollowing page, To Lock a Power Supply Unit .)

PSU handle

PSU Keyhole

PSU lock turned 90°to the right in unlockedposition.




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To Lock a Power Supply Unit

1. To lock the power supply unit, turn the power supply 90° to the leftto return to the locked position. If you want to unlock the PSUagain, you will need to use the PSU Allen key.

PSU Keyhole

PSU lock in the locked position.




32

Cable Connections for One Channel Single EnclosureConfiguration

1. Connect an RS-232 Serial Cable from the SER 2 serial port on therear of the FlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) to a serial port on your hostsystem. This cable runs RAIDmanLITE (and/or the EAMConfiguration using Serial Tool utility software).

2. Connect an LVD SCSI Cable from the SCSI 2 connector at the rear

of the FlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) to the SCSI Adapter Connector on your host system.

3. Connect the ends of the power supply cables to the fused ACInput connectors at the rear of the FlexArray-12 enclosure.

4. Connect an external terminator to the SCSI 4 connector at therear of the enclosure. Check the terminator is in place beforepowering up the enclosure.

Cable Connections

SCSI HD68Connector

SCSI HD68Connector

LVD SCSICable

DB9-F

RS-232

Power Supply Cable




33


Terminator onSCSI 4

One Channel Single Enclosure Configuration

The following diagram shows the cable connections for a one channel,single enclosure configuration, FlexArray-12 .

RS 232 to SER 2 to runRAIDmanLITE/EAMConfiguration using SerialTool

SCSI AdapterConnector

Host SerialPorts

Host System

FlexArray-12 Enclosure 0

Power Supply cables connectingto power supply units

RS 485 SER 3 and SER 4 Serial Portsfor multi-drop cable.

3

1

SCSI 2connecting tohost

4

2

SCSI 1

SCSI 3




34

Cable Connections for Two Channel Single EnclosureConfiguration

1. Connect an RS-232 Serial Cable from the SER 2 serial port on therear of the FlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) to a serial port on your hostsystem. This cable runs RAIDmanLITE (and/or the EAMConfiguration using Serial Tool).

2. Connect an LVD SCSI Cable from the SCSI 2 connector on the

rear of the FlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) to the SCSI AdapterConnector on your host system.

3. Connect a second LVD SCSI Cable from the SCSI 1 connector atthe rear of the FlexArray-12 (enclosure 0 to the SCSI AdapterConnector on your host system.

4. Connect the ends of the power supply cables to the fused ACInput connectors at the rear of the enclosure.

5. Connect the two external terminators to the SCSI 4 and SCSI 3 connectors at the rear of the enclosure. Check that theseterminators are in place before powering up the enclosure.

Cable Connections

SCSI HD68Connector

SCSI HD68Connector

LVD SCSICable

DB9-F

RS-232

Power Supply Cable




35


Terminatorconnectors onSCSI 1 andSCSI 2

Two Channel Single Enclosure Configuration

The following diagram shows the cable connections for a Two ChannelSingle Enclosure, FlexArray-12 .

RS 232 to SER 2 to runRAIDmanLITE/EAMConfiguration using Serial

Tool

Dual ChannelSCSI AdapterConnector

Host SerialPorts

Host System

FlexArray-12 Enclosure 0

Power Supply cables connectingto power supply units

2

RS 485 SER 3 and SER 4 Serial Portsfor multi-drop cable.

4

5

SCSI 3SCSI 4

3

1

SCSI 2 SCSI 1




36

Cable Connections for Two Channel Multiple EnclosureConfiguration

1. Connect an RS 232 cable from SER 2 on the rear of theFlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) to a serial port on your host system.This cable runs RAIDmanLITE (and/or EAM Configuration usingSerial Tool utility software).

2. Connect an LVD SCSI Cable from the SCSI 2 connector on the

rear of the FlexArray-12 enclosure to the SCSI Adapterconnector on your host system.

3. Connect a second LVD SCSI Cable from the SCSI 1 connector onthe rear of the FlexArray-12 enclosure to the SCSI Adapterconnector on your host system.

4. Connect an LVD SCSI cable from the SCSI 4 connector on yourFlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) on to the SCSI 2 connector on yourFlexArray-12 expansion enclosure (enclosure 1).

5. Connect a second LVD SCSI cable from the SCSI 3 connector onthe FlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) to the SCSI 1 connector on your

FlexArray-12 expansion enclosure (enclosure 1).

6. Connect an RS 485 multi-drop cable from SER 4 on theFlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) to SER 2 on your expansion enclosureFlexArray-12 (enclosure 1).

7. Connect the two external terminators to the SCSI 4 and SCSI 3connectors at the rear of the FlexArray-12 (enclosure 1). Place aserial port terminator on SER 4 on the last enclosure in theconfiguration. Check that all terminators are in place beforepowering up the enclosure.

8. Connect the ends of the power supply cables to the fused ACInput connectors at the rear of the FlexArray-12 enclosures. Plugin the power supply cables.




37


Two Channel Multiple Enclosure Configuration

The following diagram shows the cable connections for Two ChannelMultiple Enclosures.

SCSI 1

SCSI 4

Terminator on SER 4on the last enclosurein the configuration.

SER 2

SCSI adapterconnector

Host Serial Port

Host System

SCSI 4

RS 485 Multi drop cableconnection SER 4 onFlexArray-12 (enclosure 0)to SER 3 FlexArray-12(enclosure 1).

FlexArray-12Enclosure 0

6

7

Power supplycablesconnecting topower supply

8

SCSI 3

4

5

Terminator

connectors onSCSI 3 and SCSI 4

1

SCSI 3

SCSI 22

7

SCSI 1

3

FlexArray-12Enclosure 1

SCSI 2




38

4. ENCLOSURE CONFIGURATION

This chapter describes how to configure your FlexArray-12 usingthe LCD Control Panel on the front of the enclosure.

NOTE: If your enclosures do not have LCD panels you can configure your enclosure IDs via EAM Configuration using Serial Tool.You can also use this option to enable temperature probes and

to set temperature thresholds. For more information on this option, refer to Chapter 5. EAM Configuration using Serial Tool.

Use the following instructions to:

• Configure the FlexArray-12 (enclosure 0) ID.

• Enable Temperature setting.

• Change Buzzer Settings (optional).

• Configure the expansion enclosure’s ID and Enable Temperaturesetting.

Once you use either the LCD panel or EAM Configuration via Serial

Tool, to configure enclosure IDs, enable temperature sensors and settemperature thresholds, you can then use the RAIDmanLITE softwareto monitor any changes in the enclosures in your configuration.

NOTE: 1 The LCD control panel is a factory fitted option with the FlexArray-12 enclosure. In instances where your enclosures do not have LCD Panels you will need to configure enclosure IDs via EAM Configuration using Serial Tool (see Chapter 5 of this manual), before you can use the RAIDmanLITE software to monitor your enclosure configuration.




39


Quick Configuration Checklist

The following checklist outlines the basic steps involved in getting yourFlexArray-12 enclosure(s) up and running. Consult the specificconfiguration sections of this manual for instructions on how to performeach step.

ü Verify all enclosure hardware and software components areinstalled on your host system connected to the FlexArray-12 disk

enclosure.

ü Verify that all external terminators are attached to the SCSI 1 (andSCSI 2 if you have a two channel subsystem) in both single andmultiple enclosure configurations. In a multiple enclosureconfiguration, check that there is an RS 485 serial terminator onSER 4 on the last enclosure in the configuration.

ü Configure all the FlexArray-12 enclosure IDs via the LCD controlpanel on the front of each enclosure.

NOTE 1: The Master Unit FlexArray-12 enclosure is set at Enclosure ID 0 to enable serial port communication with the

host system to use the RAIDmanLITE software.

NOTE:2 The Master Enclosure Unit in a multiple enclosure configuration does not control the expansion enclosures’ settings via the LCD Panel. You will need to configure each individual enclosure’s ID via each enclosure’s LCD panel. If the enclosures do not have LCD panels you will need to configure each enclosure ID via the EAM Configuration using Serial Tool. (See Chapter 5. of this manual for more information).

ü Configure Enclosures Temperature settings via the LCD controlpanel or via RAIDmanLITE (optional).




40

LCD Control Panel Diagram

NOTE: The LCD Control Panel is a factory fitted option.

The following diagram illustrates the button locations and other visiblefeatures of a FlexArray-12 LCD control panel. Your LCD panel lookssimilar to the following example.

Use the tables on the following page to as a guide to using the buttonson the LCD panel.


LVD Array 12 :4. 3

Enclosure :00

Push Buttons




41


LCD Panel Tables

Refer to these tables as a guide to the uses and functions of theFlexArray-12 LCD Panel. The LCD panel has two sets of menu iconsthat represent the functions of the LCD buttons under the display.

• Main Menu Icons. Provide access to the various menus.

• Sub Menu Icons. Allow users to select options.

Main Menu Icon Table

The Main menu icons and their functions are as follows:

Button Label MainMenuIcon

Function

ALARM RESET(ERROR LOG)

Displays only when the Error Log Alarm sounds.Press to halt the alarm and enter the Error StatusMenu.

Displays the Error Log.

RECREATE DRIVE(View/Rebuild RAIDset) Not available in JBODS.

SELECTThis icon rotates when you perform an action on theRAIDmanLITE software and each timeRAIDmanLITE sends a command to the EAM (everyfour or five 5 seconds). The button clears the LCDdisplay.

ENTER(CONFIGURATION) Displays Configuration Menu.

Sub Menu Icon Table

The sub menu icons allow users to select and enter the options theywant to use in the LCD panel sub menu.

Button Sub MenuIcon

Function

UP Scrolls up utility menu choices.

DOWN Scrolls down utility menu choices.

ENTER ENTER button, accepts choices.




42

Alarm Reset/ Error Log

If the FlexArray-12 alarm sounds, the Error Log icon changes to theError log Alarm icon (exclamation mark icon). To quietthe alarm, you need to acknowledge the new errormessage on the Error Log. Use the instructions on thefollowing page to quiet the alarm and acknowledge the

alarm error details.

This option appears as a book icon during normal operation. If you clickon the Error Log button (directly under the Error Log icon) during normal

operation it displays all previous error messages recordedon the FlexArray-12 enclosures in your configuration, upto the maximum of nine error messages.

Select (RAIDMan Activity)

This icon rotates when you perform an action on theRAIDmanLITE software and each time RAIDmanLITE sends a command to the EAM (every four or fiveseconds). The button directly under this icon allows you

to clear the LCD display.

Enter (Configuration)

When you press the Configuration button directly under theconfiguration icon on the main menu, you enter theConfiguration Menu from which you can configure yourFlexArray-12 enclosure. You will find detailedinstructions for these options on the following pages of

this chapter.




43


To Quiet the Error Log Alarm

Once the alarm sounds the Error Log icon changes to theAlarm Reset/Error Log Alarm (exclamation mark) icon.

1. Press the Alarm Reset /Error Log Alarm button directlyunderneath the Alarm Reset/Error Log Alarm (exclamation mark)icon to view details of the alarm. The alarm stops sounding while

you are viewing the Error State screen. Here is an example of apower supply error.

NOTE: For a detailed explanation of the error messages refer to the LCD Error Number Table in Chapter 7. Troubleshooting of this manual .

2. Press the ENTER < ┘ button to acknowledge Error. (If you do not

press the ENTER < ┘ button, the alarm will continue to sound when

you return to the initial LCD panel display.)

3. If you want to delete the Error Log press the ENTER < ┘ button

again.

NOTE: The Error Log can display a maximum of nine error messages.When the Error Log is full, a message appears on the main menu. If a new error is created, the Error Log automatically deletes the oldest recorded error and records the new error in

the Error Log.

4. To exit the Error Log, use the UP/DOWN buttons to position the

selection arrow next to the Exit option. Then press the ENTER < ┘

button to return to the initial LCD panel display.

En Error State

00 PsuEr DC:1 *Act*Exit




44

To Initiate the LCD Configuration Menu

You can access the Configuration Menu from the LCD control panel onthe front of a FlexArray-12 Disk Enclosure. The FlexArray-12 enclosureconnected to the host system is known as the Master Unit. All otherenclosures are expansion enclosures. Remember to set the Masterenclosure’s ID at 0.

The enclosure configuration menu contains options that allow youto:

• Set an enclosure’s ID.

• Configure ambient temperature sensor with appropriatethresholds (optional).

• Change Buzzer settings (optional).

The FlexArray-12 LCD Configuration initial display looks similar to thefollowing example:


LVD Array 12 :4.0

Enclosure :00




45


Use the following instructions to initiate the Configuration UtilityMenu.

1. Power on the power switches at the rear of the FlexArray-12 enclosure. Power on both switches one immediately after the otherto avoid setting off the power supply alarm.

2. Press the Configuration button directly under the configuration iconto display the Enclosure Configuration Menu.

Configuration icon.

Enclosure Configuration->Enclosure ID

Sensor settings

Buzzer Settings

Hard AddressingExit

4. Press the UP/DOWN buttons to position the selection arrow next to

a menu option.

5. Press the ENTER < ┘ button to enter the menu option.

The EXIT option is the last option on the Enclosure Configuration Menu.

When you select EXIT, the Enclosure Configuration session ends andthe normal operating mode status displays.




46

To Set an Enclosure ID

You can use the enclosure ID setting option to give a number value IDto a particular FlexArray-12 enclosure in a multiple enclosureconfiguration.

NOTE 1: The LCD Control Panel only configures the individual enclosure it is attached to.

NOTE 2: The Master Unit FlexArray-12 enclosure must be set to Enclosure ID 0. This enables serial port (SER 2)communication with the host system to run the RAIDmanLITE software.

Enclosure IDs must be unique. Do not assign the same ID to more than one enclosure.

Use the following instructions to set an enclosure ID.

1. Press the Configuration button to display the Enclosure

Configuration Menu, use the UP/DOWN buttons to position theselection arrow next to the Enclosure ID setting option.

Enclosure Configuration->Enclosure ID

Sensor settings

Buzzer SettingsHard Addressing

Exit




47


2. Press the ENTER < ┘button to display the Enclosure ID Menu.

Enclosure ID MenuSelect Encl. ID

-> 0ENTER to proceed

3. Use the UP/DOWN buttons to scroll through the number options. Inthe case of the Master Unit enter the enclosure ID as 0.

4. Press the ENTER < ┘button to return to the Enclosure Configuration

Menu.




48

To Enable Temperature Sensor Settings

The FlexArray-12 Environment Array Manager (EAM) contains sensorswhich measure enclosure temperature.

This option allows you to:

• Enable the temperature sensor.

• Set the ambient temperature threshold for enabled sensor.

NOTE: The temperature sensor is enabled by default in each FlexArray-12 enclosure.

1. From the Enclosure Configuration Menu use the UP/DOWN buttonsto position the arrow next to the Sensor Settings option.

Enclosure Config. Menu

Enclosure ID->Sensor Settings

Buzzer Settings

Hard Addressing

Exit

2. Press the ENTER < ┘ button to display the Sensor Setup Menu.

The default sensor setting is enabled on the FlexArray-12 .

Sensor 1 Setup

->EnabledCelsius

054




49


To change the temperature sensor settings:

1. Use the UP/DOWN buttons to position the selection arrow next to

the temperature option, then press the ENTER < ┘ button to adjust

the temperature settings as in the following example.

Sensor 1 SetupEnabled

Celsius

->038

Depending upon the scale you select, temperature values between 24°& 54° Celsius and 74° & 129° Fahrenheit will automatically display.

2. Use the UP/DOWN down buttons to position the selection arrow

next to Celsius then press the ENTER < ┘ button to display the

temperature in Fahrenheit as in the following example.

Sensor 1 Setup

Enabled

->Celsius038

Sensor 1 Setup

Enabled->Fahrenheit

097




50

Use the following information to disable the temperature sensorsettings.

1. Use the UP/DOWN buttons to position the arrow next to theEnabled option.

2. Press the ENTER < ┘button to toggle to the Disabled option and

the following menu displays.

Sensor #1 Setup->Disabled

N/A N/A Exit

You have now disabled the Temperature Sensor settings. (If you want

to return to the Enabled option press the ENTER < ┘button again.)

To exit the Disabled option, use the UP/DOWN buttons to position the

selection arrow next to the exit option, then press the ENTER < ┘buttonto return to the Enclosure Configuration Menu.




51


To Change Buzzer Settings

You can use the Buzzer Settings option to Enable or Disable the ErrorLog Alarm. The default setting for the Error Log Alarm is Enabled.When the Error Log Alarm is disabled, the alarm will no longer soundonly the Error Log Alarm icon displays on the LCD panel.

NOTE: Raidtec Corporation recommends maintaining the Error Log Alarm default settings on your FlexArray-12 enclosure.

1. From the Enclosure Configuration Menu, use the UP/DOWN buttons to position the selection arrow next the Buzzer Settings option.

Enclosure Config. MenuEnclosure IDSensor settings

->Buzzer settingsHard Addressing

Exit

2. Press the ENTER < ┘ button to display the following menu.

Buzzer Menu->Enable

Disable

3. On the Buzzer Menu, use the UP/DOWN arrows to position the

selection arrow next to the option you want to use. (The defaultsetting is Enable.)

Error Log Alarm Icon




52

4. Then, press the ENTER <<<< ┘ ┘┘ ┘button to return to the Enclosure

Configuration Menu.

NOTE: If you select Disable , the Error Log Alarm will no longer sound when an error log is recorded, only the Error Log Alarm icon will display on the LCD panel.

Hard Addresses

Hard addressing identifies the drives in a FlexArray-12 by using a fixedaddressing scheme based on the slot address. Hard addressing is thedefault setting for all FlexArray-12 enclosures.

NOTE: You cannot disable Hard Addressing via the LCD panel.

Config. MenuEnclosure IDSensr settings

Buzzer settings->Hrd Addressing

Exit

To Configure Expansion Enclosures

NOTE: Repeat these steps if you have additional enclosures with LCD display panels. If your enclosures do not have LCD displays,you will need to configure the enclosures using the EAM Configuration using Serial Tool . Please refer to Chapter 5.EAM Configuration using Serial Tool for more information.

One you have configured your FlexArray-12 (and expansionenclosures) you can use the RAIDmanLITE software to monitor yourenclosure(s).




53


5. EAM CONFIGURATION USING SERIAL TOOL

This chapter provides information on the following functions usingthe EAM Configuration via Serial Tool software:

• How to configure your FlexArray-12 in instances whereFlexArray-12 enclosures do not have LCD panels.

• How to update the flash with a new version of the EAM firmwarecode in consultation with Raidtec Technical Support.

If you do not need to complete either of these functions, proceedto Chapter 6. RAIDmanLITE Software .

NOTE 1: In instances where your FlexArray-12 enclosures do not have LCD panels you need to configure enclosure IDs using the EAM Configuration Serial Tool.

NOTE 2: The Serial Tool is located on a 3.5” floppy diskette.

NOTE:3 When you configure enclosures via EAM Configuration using Serial Tool, take great care to configure enclosures IDs correctly. Raidtec recommends that you configure all enclosures in numerical order, beginning with enclosure (0),then enclosure (1), up to the maximum number of enclosures in a your enclosure configuration. It is also advisable that once you configure an enclosure ID, you also label each enclosure accordingly to avoid configuration errors.

Cable Connections

1. Connect the RS 232 cable from SER 2 on the FlexArray-12 to eitherCOM1 or COM 2 on your host system. Power on your host system.




54

To Install Serial Tool onWindows 95/98 and Windows NT

1. Make a backup copy of the Serial Tool diskette. Use this backupcopy as your working diskette and retain the original in a safe place.

2. Start up Windows NT or Windows 95/98 on your host system.

3. Insert the EAM Configuration Serial Tool diskette into your 3.5”

disk drive.

4. Double click My Computer.

5. Double click on 3.5” floppy (A:).

6. Double click on SETUP.EXE to start the Serial Tool installation.

7. Click Next.

8. The screen displays a destination folder for Serial Tool. Click Next.

9. Select the components you want to install (SerialTool). Click Next.

10. SerialTool displays in the program section. Click Next, to installSerialTool.

11. A dialog box appears displaying the SerialTool icon. Click Finish on the main window.

Your installation of SerialTool is now complete.




55


To Run EAM Configuration Serial Tool

1. On your host system click Startàààà Programsàààà SerialTool.

2. Click on the Serial Tool icon to display the following screen.

3. From the initial screen display, select the COM Port you haveconnected your host system to, COM 1 or COM 2.

4. Select the Baud Rate at 9600.

5. Click on File àààà New Connection (Continued on the followingpage).




56

6. Power up the FlexArray-12 enclosure by simultaneously pressingon the two power switches at the rear of the enclosure andholding in Reset/Configuration button on the front of theFlexArray-12 enclosure until text appears on the host system’sSerial Tool main menu. To configure the enclosure, refer to thefollowing page for more information.

Reset /Configuration

Button

FlexArray-12 DiskEnclosure

Reset/Configurationbutton diagram.




57


Enclosure Configuration

NOTE: Depending on how you configure your enclosure IDs; you can either accept or change the existing configuration settings. In most instances, you will need to change the enclosure configuration settings.

When you simultaneously press the power switches on the rear ofthe enclosure and hold in the Reset/Configuration button on the front

of the FlexArray-12 , text similar to the following appears on the SerialTool main menu. The main screen displays the currentenclosure/default configuration, similar to the following example.

Current/DefaultEnclosureConfigurationDisplay




58

To Configure an Enclosure

To configure an enclosure you need to do the following:

1. Answer the, “Do you wish to change? (y/n)” section of the menu, bytyping y. The following prompt displays.

2. To configure an enclosure ID, type the number of the enclosurefrom numbers (0-7). The following prompt displays.

3. To enable temperature probe1, type y from (y/n). The followingprompt displays.

4. To enter the temperature threshold in degrees Celsius, type thetemperature threshold you want to use. You can selecttemperature values between 24° & 54° Celsius.

Example ofCurrent/DefaultEnclosureConfigurationDisplay




59


5. You have now configured your enclosure. You are asked if youwant to upgrade the flash. Type n.

NOTE: You only use the Upgrade Flash option if you want to update the flash with a new version of the firmware code. If you want to upgrade the flash, refer to the upgrade flash section on the following page and contact Raidtec Technical Support for more information.

6. When you have completed all the configuration requests the word”Finished ”.

7. From the main menu select Fileàààà Exit to exit the application.

8. For enclosure (0) remove the RS 232 cable from the SER 2 serialport on the FlexArray-12 enclosure and connect it to the SER 2serial port on the next expansion enclosure (enclosure 1) in theconfiguration.

9. When you have configured all the enclosures in the configuration,disconnect the RS 232 cable from SER 2 on the last expansionenclosure (enclosure 1 ) in your configuration and reconnect theRS 232 cable to SER 2 on enclosure 0 to run the RAIDmanLITE

software.

10. Check that there is an RS 485 terminator to SER 4 on the lastenclosure in your configuration.




60

To Upgrade the Flash

NOTE: Use this option when you need to Upgrade the FlashONLY!

NOTE: Consult Raidtec Technical Support for more information on Upgrading Flash.

If you want to update the flash with a new version of the EAM firmwarecode, you will need to upgrade the Flash.

1. On the main menu screen, you are asked, “Do you want to Upgradethe Flash?” If you need to update the Flash type, “Y”.

2. Once you type “Y”, downloading begins and a progress bar displayson the screen. The progress bar disappears once the download iscomplete and a “transfer complete” message appears on the

screen.

3. Press Enter to continue.




61


4. You then have the following option, “Change boot options? (y/n)”

5. To change boot options type “Y”, this allows you to upgrade theEAM firmware code to the Flash Prom.

The next option to display is boot (0/1).

• 0 denotes the factory fitted prom.

• 1 denotes the upgrade prom.

6. Type in 1 to upgrade the prom with the new version of the EAMfirmware code.

7. From the Main menu select Fileàààà Exit to exit the application.

8. For enclosure (0) remove the RS 232 cable from the SER 2 serialport on the FlexArray-12 enclosure and connect it to the SER 2serial port on the next expansion enclosure (enclosure 1 ) in yourconfiguration.

9. When you have configured all the enclosures in the configuration,

disconnect the RS 232 cable from SER 2 on the last expansionenclosure in your configuration and reconnect the RS 232 cable toSER 2 on enclosure 0 (FlexArray-12 ) to run RAIDmanLITE software.




63


When you accept the existing enclosure configuration. The EAMcontinues with normal operations.

4. From the main menu, select File àààà Exit to exit the application.

5. For enclosure (0) remove the RS 232 cable from the SER 2 serialport on the FlexArray-12 enclosure and connect it to theSER 2 serial port on the next expansion enclosure, (enclosure 1) inyour configuration.

6. When you have configured all the enclosures in your configuration,disconnect the RS 232 cable from SER 2 on the last expansionenclosure (FlexArray-12) in your configuration and reconnect theRS 232 cable to SER 2 on enclosure 0 (FlexArray-12 ) to runRAIDmanLITE software.

7. In a multiple enclosure configuration, check that there is an RS 485terminator on SER 4 on the last FlexArray-12 enclosure in yourconfiguration.




64

6. RAIDMANLITE SOFTWARE

This chapter provides information on how to:

• Install and run the FlexArray-12 .

• Use RAIDmanLITE to monitor the FlexArray-12 .

The RAIDmanLITE administration software provides a 32-bit, Windows

compatible GUI for FlexArray-12 enclosure configuration,administration, and alert notification. This utility is available foroperation in both Windows 95/98 and Windows NT environments.

You can use RAIDmanLITE to monitor the following:

• Disk drive presence.

• Enclosure temperature readings.

• Power supply and fan status.

• Alarm history log.

You can use RAIDmanLITE to complete the following functions:

• Enable temperature sensor.• Set temperature threshold alerts.

RAIDmanLITE System Requirements

To run RAIDmanLITE you will need the following:

System Component Specifications

Computer PC with minimum processor, clock speed, andRAM as required by operating system.

Operating System Windows 95

Windows NT 3.51 & 4.xCable Null modem




65


To Connect Cables

1. Connect an RS 232 cable from SER 2 on the FlexArray-12 diskenclosure 0 (Master Unit) to a serial port on the host system where RAIDmanLITE will be running.

2. Check that all remaining cables are intact that terminators are inplace on the SCSI 3 and SCSI 4 if you are using a two channelsubsystem) and that an RS 485 terminator is in place on SER 4 on

the last enclosure in a multiple enclosure configuration.

To Install RAIDmanLITE on Windows95/98 andWindows NT

RAIDmanLITE is provided on a 3.5” diskette, that contains theprograms necessary for installation in Windows and Windows NTenvironments.

1. Make a backup copy of the RAIDmanLITE diskette. Use thisbackup copy as your working diskette and retain the original in asafe place.

2. Start up Windows NT or Windows 95/98 on your host computer.

3. Insert the RAIDmanLITE diskette into your 3.5” disk drive now.

4. Double click My Computer.

5. Double click on 3.5” floppy (A:).

6. Double click on SETUP.EXE to start the RAIDmanLITE installation.Click Next.

7. A RAIDman icon displays in a destination folder. Click Next.

8. Select the components you want to install. Click Next.

9. RAIDman appears in the Programs folder. Click Next.




66

10. A RAIDman icon appears on the screen. Click Finish.

Your installation of RAIDmanLITE is now complete.

To Run RAIDmanLITE

• Power up the FlexArray-12 enclosure. Wait for self-test tocomplete.

• Click Startàààà Programsàààà RAIDmanLITE .

Main Control Panel

The RAIDmanLITE Main Control Panel provides all the information onthe current status of the FlexArray-12 enclosure(s).

The Main Control Panel screen includes the following information:

• Disk drive presence.

• Enclosure temperature readings.

• Power Supply and Fan status.

•

Alarm history log.




67


Enclosures Display

Enclosure Temperature Display

The Enclosure TemperatureDisplay shows thetemperature monitored onenabled sensor port on theselected enclosure. The

threshold setting for thesensor displays in yellow.One sensor port is enabled asstandard for each enclosure.

To display the temperaturestatus for an enclosure, clickon the enclosure number inthe Enclosures display.

The Enclosures display onthe left-hand side of the MainControl Panel highlights theavailable drives in eachFlexArray -12 enclosure. Inthe display, a green driveicon indicates a good drive.

A red drive icon indicatesdrive error or an initialisingdrive.




68

Alarm Status and Log Displays

To view details on any of the alarms, point and click on the STATUS button below the alarm icon.

The Alarm Status and associated Alarm Log on the bottom of the MainControl Panel provide global alarm information for all the FlexArray-12 enclosure(s). The Alarm Status icons flash when an alarm condition isdetected for the following conditions:

Icon Function

Alarm on Temperature sensor probe.

Power supply failure.

Fan Failure.

The alarm log displays historical detail on each category of alarmsencountered.




69


Action Buttons

The Action Buttons on the right-hand side of the Main Control Panelprovide access to the RAIDmanLITE configuration and managementoptions.

Enclosure Configuration Functions

The configuration action button on the right-hand side of theRAIDmanLITE control panel accesses options that allow you to:

• Enable temperature probe.

• Set temperature thresholds.

• Set or modify the RAIDmanLITE system password.

NOTE: When you initially install your FlexArray-12 enclosure, you need to configure enclosure IDs via each enclosures LCD panel, or, if your enclosure do not have LCD panels you need to configure your enclosures via EAM Configuration using Serial

Tool before you can use RAIDmanLITE.

Define Alerts:Set up of remote FlexArray–12 alarmnotifications like message systems and

pagers. Password required.

Configuration:Set up of enclosure information includingEnclosure ID and Temperature SensorThresholds. Password required.

Delete Log Entry:Option allows users to delete of log entries.Click on a log entry and click the deletebutton.




70

To Configure an Enclosures Sensors

3. Enter the RAIDmanLITE system password.

NOTE: There is no default system password .

4. Enter the correct system password, then click OK to display theConfiguration for Enclosure screen.

1. Click on the enclosurenumber on theEnclosures display.

2. Click on theConfiguration actionbutton.




71


To Enable Temperature Sensor

1. From the Sensor options menu, select Enable. Click OK.

2. You can use the Trigger scrollbars to select an appropriatetemperature threshold for each enabled sensor. Depending on theTemperature scale you select, temperature values between24˚-54˚ Celsius and 74˚-129˚ Fahrenheit display.

NOTE: Sensor #1 is installed by default in each FlexArray-12 enclosure.

To Set or Modify the System Password

You can set or modify the system password from the password actionbutton on the Configuration for Enclosure screen.

NOTE: There is no default system password. Due to the sensitive nature of some of the RAIDmanLITE-12 features, Raidtec highly recommends you set a system password.

To Set or Modify the System Password

1. From the Configuration for enclosure menu, click on the passwordbutton to display the following screen.

2. Enter the password you want to use, enter it again for verification.Click OK. You have now set a new system password.

When you set or modify a system password, remember to make anote of it and keep it secure!




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Define Alerts

The Define Alerts action button on the right-hand side of theRAIDmanLITE Main Control Panel accesses options that allow you toidentify certain remote recipients of FlexArray-12 enclosure alarms.

1. From the Main Control Panel, click the Define Alerts action button.

2. Enter the system password to display the following dialog box.

For detailed information on these messaging systems refer to thefollowing pages.




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MS Mail

MS-Mail requires a MAPI-compatible mail transport agent be installed.If a fax machine is configured on the MAPI mail system, MAPI may beused to send a FAX message alert.

NOTE: For details on MS-Mail implementation, consult your MS-Mail documentation.

MS-Mail Fields and Descriptions

Mailbox:Name Name of mailbox that sends the message.

Password Password of source mailbox.

Alert Enabled Click box to enable MAPI alert.

Message:Recipient MAPI target to receive the message.

Subject Subject text.Text Complete text of alert message.




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MHS

MHS is supplied with Novell NetWare. MHS implements a simplemessaging system that allows messages to be sent to any user or anyserver that has MHS installed.

NOTE: If a FAX machine is installed as part of the MHS system, it is possible to send a FAX alert using this option. Consult your MHS documentation for details.

MHS Fields and Descriptions

Alert Enabled Click box to enable MHS alert.Recipient Details for MHS recipient.

Subject Subject text.Text Complete text of alert message.




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NetWare Broadcast

NetWare Broadcast allows for a specific text message to be sent to anamed user and server upon receipt of an alarm condition. Therecipient must have Broadcast enabled in order to receive the message.

NetWare Broadcast Fields and Descriptions

Alert Enabled Click box to enable Broadcast alert. Recipient Account name to receive the message.On Server NetWare server on which the recipient’s

account is maintained.Text Complete text of alert message.




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Pager

Pager allows a numeric message to be sent to a remote paging device.

NOTE: The Modem Parameters fields of the Pager Alert screen must correspond with the modem attached to the host system.

Pager Fields and Descriptions

Message:Alert Enabled Click box to enable Pager alert.

Pager Number Pager number to be dialled by the modem.Message Delays Number of seconds required for delays by

the local paging system being used.Numeric Message Digits to be transmitted to the pager.

Modem Params:Port COM port of modem.

Baud Rate Port speed.Parity Port parity setting.

Stop Bits Port stop bits.




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UNIX Broadcast

UNIX Broadcast allows a configurable string to be sent to auser-defined serial port.

UNIX Broadcast Fields and Descriptions

Message:

Alert Enabled Click box to enable Broadcast alert. Broadcast String Information to be transmitted to the serial

port.

Serial Port Params:Port COM port on host system attached to

UNIX host.Baud Rate Port speed.

Parity Port parity setting.Stop Bits Port stop bits.




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NOTE:This option can be used when the RAIDmanLITE host system is connected via serial protocol to a UNIX serial port that is accepting input. The broadcast string defines a command that is to be executed on the UNIX host.

A sample string might be:“Please check the FlexArray-12 in Accounts Receivable Department for status change.”

The broadcast string will be read by a daemon configured to monitor the serial port and redirect the incoming message to an administrator or support mailbox.




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7. TROUBLESHOOTING

This chapter provides troubleshooting information for the FlexArray-12 under the following headings:

• Setup issues action list.

• Enclosure ID problems.

• Power-up problems.

• Setup problems.• Enclosure or Drive Errors.

FlexArray-12 enclosure provides error reporting and event notificationinformation via a number of sources including:

• RAIDmanLITE GUI event notification.

• FlexArray-12 enclosure audible alarms.

• FlexArray-12 enclosure LED indicators and LCD messages onthe front control panel.

• Error Alarm Log on the LCD panel.

NOTE: If above diagnostic sources do not operate, the problem is likely

at the AC input level. Check power connections and fuses accordingly and verify the power supply units in the enclosure(s) are properly seated.




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Setup Issues Action List

The following action list contains ideas for resolving problemsassociated with drives not being found. These problems can ariseduring the initial setup of your FlexArray-12 Disk Enclosure.

ü Verify all drives are installed and power is applied by checking theFlexArray-12 disk drive indicator LEDs. Green LEDs should beconstantly lit when a drive is installed in the FlexArray-12 enclosure.

NOTE: The LCD panel should be in the initial menu display in order to verify LEDs correctly.

ü Verify the FlexArray-12 enclosures are configured correctly.

NOTE: The enclosure connected to the host system via SER 2 (Master Unit) must be Enclosure ID=0 and each subsequent enclosure must have a unique, sequential ID.

ü Verify the FlexArray-12 enclosures are cabled correctly.

ü Verify that there are terminators on SCSI 4(and on SCSI 3 and

SCSI 4 for two channel enclosures). Verify that there is aterminator on SER 4 on the last enclosure in a multiple enclosureconfiguration.

ü If there are no obvious drive or cabling problems, consult yourRaidtec supplier.




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Enclosure ID Problems

This problem may arise if your FlexArray-12 enclosures do not haveLCD panels and you configure enclosures IDs via EAM configurationusing Serial Tool.

Problem Possible Fault Suggested Action

LEDs on two or

more enclosuresnot functioningnormally. SomeLEDs on anenclosure areflashing, otherLEDs are notfunctioning at all.LCD Panels goblank.

Two enclosures

issued the sameenclosure ID number.

Reconnect the EAM

Configuration SerialTool and check theenclosure IDsdisplaying on thecurrent enclosuredisplay section of thescreen.If enclosure IDs are thesame on twoenclosures, you willneed to reconfigure theincorrect enclosure ID.

You will also need to check the remaining enclosure IDs in thesubsystem to ensure all enclosure IDs are unique and are in sequence.Refer to Chapter 5. EAM Configuration using Serial Tool for detailed information on this procedure.




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Refer to the following sections to troubleshoot system problemsassociated with:

• Power-up Problems.

• Setup Problems with Enclosure(s).

• Enclosure or Drive Errors.

• Power Supply Failures.

Power-up Problems

Power-up problems are typically associated with the loss of AC powerat the power point or accidental power disconnection due to enclosuremovement. The fault tolerance and redundancy in the FlexArray-12 enclosure design will allow for most other error conditions.

If your FlexArray-12 enclosure is experiencing power-up problems, usethe following section to assist your troubleshooting efforts.

Problem Suggested ActionsNo lights or display on FlexArray-12 control panel.

1. Check AC input source, power-onswitch.

2. Check that the power supplies are

seated correctly.No sound from enclosure on power up .

1. Check that the back panel fans areconnected and operational.

PSU LED on the front of the enclosure flashing. The alarm buzzer is activated.

1. Verify appropriate power supply unitis seated correctly. Press the AlarmReset/Error Log Alarm button (thebutton under the exclamation markicon) to reset the alarm on the LCDcontrol panel.

Failure to find drive(s). 1. Verify all drives are installed withpower applied (individual bay GreenLED lit continuously and Yellowactivity LED lit initially). If there areno obvious drive or cabling problems,please consult your supplier.




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Set-up Problems

FlexArray-12 LCD Error Reporting

The front panel LCD screen on a FlexArray-12 enclosure displays themodel number, firmware revision, enclosure ID. The bottom line of LCDscreen reports status messages from the enclosure’s EnvironmentArray Manager (EAM). In case of an EAM detected error, the alarmsounds and the Error Log Alarm icon (the exclamation mark icon)

displays on the LCD panel.

The following table describes the status line errors.

LCD Error Number Table

ENCLOSURESENSORMODULE

ERRORNO. DESCRIPTION

Enclosure # PSU PsuErAC:1 AC fault on power supply 1.

PsuErAC:2 AC fault on power supply 2.

PsuErDC:1 DC fault on power supply 1.

PsuErDC:2 DC fault on power supply 2.

PsuFail:1 AC and DC fault on power supply 1.

PsuFail:2 AC and DC fault on power supply 2.

Fan Fan Lo:1 Fan 1 not drawing enough current.Fan Lo:2 Fan 2 not drawing enough current.

Fan Lo:3 Fan 3 not drawing enough current.




Fan Hi:1 Fan 1 drawing too much current.






Drive DrvErr:01 Drive 01 removed.

DrvErr:02 Drive 02 removed.


DrvErr:04 Drive 04 removed.DrvErr:05 Drive 05 removed.








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Temp TmpErr:01 Sensor 1 Temperature limitexceeded.

TmpErr:02 Sensor 1 Temperature limitexceeded.



The following example indicates a fault with a power supply unit. Suchan error would also sound an audible alarm, display the Error Alarm Logicon on the LCD Panel and display an error message on theRAIDmanLITE software.

The following is an example on a PSU error displaying on the LCDpanel Error Alarm Log Error State Menu.

En Error State00 PsuEr DC:1 *Act*Exit

To halt the alarm you need to press the Alarm Reset / Error Log Alarmbutton the button under the Alarm Reset/Error Log Alarm (exclamationmark) icon on the LCD panel. For instructions on how to quiet thealarm, via the LCD panel, please refer to Chapter 5. Subsystem Configuration; To Quiet the Error Log Alarm.




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Enclosure or Drive Errors

If your FlexArray-12 enclosure is displaying failure messages or alarmconditions, use the following section to assist your troubleshootingefforts.

Drive Failure

NOTE: The FlexArray-12 enclosure can be set up to operate in fault tolerant modes. However, Raidtec strongly recommends you make valid system backups regularly to keep your system failure safe.

Disk failure is indicated in the RAIDmanLITE software by theappropriate alert notification and a Red drive indication.

There are several things that could cause a drive failure:

1. Physically removing a drive from the FlexArray-12 enclosure.2. A non-recoverable read/write error on a hard disk.3. A non-recoverable hardware error.

NOTE: DO NOT remove a disk drive from a FlexArray-12 enclosure while the enclosure is operating. In a real environment, this could result in data loss.

What to do if a Drive Fails

1. Select the Mute Beeper option in the RAIDmanLITE software (orhalt the alarm using the Alarm Reset/Error Log Alarm button on theLCD panel) to quiet the beeper, if required.

2. Always replace a failing drive with a new or thoroughly tested one.DO NOT troubleshoot a failing drive in the RAIDmanLITE software .

REMEMBER! Always use a new spare drive to replace the failed drive. Use another PC system to troubleshoot a failed drive or return it to the manufacturer to have it checked out, fixed or replaced.




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Raidtec Technical Support

If you have any questions, problems, or suggestions, you can reachRaidtec Technical Support in any of the following ways:

Raidtec Corporation (USA) Raidtec Corporation (Europe)

By email. [email protected] [email protected] By telephone. (770) 664-6066 +353-21-353440

By FAX. (770) 664-6166 +353-21-353799

http://[email protected]/

mailto:[email protected]




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GLOSSARY

ANSI: American National Standards Institute. A standardsdevelopment organization, not associated with the federal government,which develops standards for voluntary use in the USA. Standardsproduced by national organizations are accepted by vendors in thatcountry.

ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION: A type of data transmission inwhich each byte of information is synchronized individually through theuse of interlocking the REQ and ACK signals.

BIT: Binary digit. The smallest unit of data a computer can process. Abit has a value of either 0 or 1. Bits are arranged into groups of eightcalled bytes. A byte is the equivalent of one character.

BLOCK: An amount of data moved or addressed as a single unit; thesmallest amount of data that can be read or written at a time. Blocksare separated by physical gaps or identified by their track/sectoraddress.

BRIDGE CONTROLLER: A SCSI device which appears as a single IDon the SCSI bus, but which bridges to multiple devices. Each of thesedevices is assigned a Logical Unit Number or LUN. Bridge controllersare typically used to control remote RAID subsystems.

BYTE: The common unit of computer storage. In 8-bit (octet)construction, eight bits equal one byte, which is the equivalent of onecharacter.

CACHE: (Pronounced cash ) A small portion of high speed memoryused for temporary storage of frequently used data. Use of cachememory reduces the time it takes to access frequently used databecause it no longer has to be retrieved from the physical medium.

CHANNEL: A general term for a path on which electronic signalstravel; an electrical path for the transfer of data and control informationbetween a disk and a disk controller.




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CHECK DISK: The drive dedicated to storing information used tocheck and/or correct the data found on the other disks in an array. Alsoreferred to as the parity disk .

COAXIAL CABLE: A cable made from a single copper wire clad withinsulation and a shield through which data is transmitted as electricalpulses. Used for high-speed transmission over short distances.

CPU: Central Processing Unit . The part of a computer that performsall the operations needed to carry out a particular task. The CPU isusually contained on a single computer chip called the microprocessor.

DASD: Direct Access Storage Device . A data storage device on whichinformation can be accessed directly, as with a hard disk or CD-ROM,as opposed to sequentially, as with a tape device.

DAT: Digital Audio Tape. A technology that records noise-free digitaldata on magnetic tape. Generally used for audio, a DAT cassette canhold up to 2 gigabytes when adapted for data storage.

DIFFERENTIAL: An electrical signal protocol that transmits informationvia a current loop rather than by changes in voltage. This reduces datasusceptibility to electrical interference. Differential SCSI uses RS-485

transceivers to transfer 10MHz data at distances up to 25 meters (82feet).

DISK ARRAYS: A tightly coupled collection of physically small diskdrives across which user data is automatically distributed.

DISK MIRRORING: The process of writing data simultaneously to twodisks, thereby improving the reliability of a disk subsystem. Both disksare attached to a single host adapter that handles the data two times.Should one of the disks fail, the other one can be used to recover thedata.

DISK SECTOR: A sub-set of magnetic disk capacity that contains a

predetermined amount of data, such as 512 bytes. Disks are typicallydivided into tracks, each of which contains a number of sectors.




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DISK SPANNING: Allows multiple disks to function as one, large diskdrive. Data is stored across this virtual disk and users do not have tobe concerned about which disk contains the data. Disk spanning is nota RAID level and does not improve performance of the array.

DISK STRIPING: A data handling methodology which employs disk spanning . Data is written sequentially across multiple disks in systemsegments (or data blocks). Segment 1 is written to drive 0, segment 2is written to drive 1, and so forth until a segment has been written to thelast drive in the array. The process repeats and continues until thewrite operation is satisfied.

DMA: Direct Memory Access . Allows peripherals access to acomputer's random access memory (RAM) without intervention from theCPU. DMA improves system performance because the CPU is free forother tasks.

DUPLEXING: The duplication of a complete disk subsystem includingdisks, cables, and host controllers. Should one of the controllers fail,the other is still available to provide disk I/O. In addition, depending onhow the controller software is written, both controllers may worktogether to read and write data simultaneously to different drives.

ECC: Error Correction Code . Additional information added to a bitstream of data to correct any errors when the data is being read.

EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory.

EXCLUSIVE OR: XOR . An arithmetic function used to calculate theparity code (or check list) necessary to reconstruct data in a failed drivein a disk array system.

FAST SCSI: Synchronous transmission rate defined in SCSI-2 to beused between 5 MHz and 10 MHz. Fast SCSI is used in data-in/outphases only.

FAULT TOLERANT: Ability of a device or system to withstand afailure. RAID 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 subsystems, for example, are faulttolerant because they can provide disk I/O even if one of the disk drivesin the subsystem fails.




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FULL DUPLEX: Communication protocol that permits simultaneoustransmission in both directions, usually with flow control.

GIGA: A billion or a thousand million. Used as a prefix for units, as ingigabaud or gigabyte.

GIGABAUD: An encoded bit transmission rate of 1,000,000,000 bitsper second.

GIGABYTE: A value normally associated with data storage capacity,meaning a thousand million or a billion bytes. In standard usage, 1000bytes (a kilobyte) is actually decimal 1024. Therefore, one megabyte(1000 X 1000 X 1000) is actually 1024 X 1024 X 1024, or1,073,741,824 bytes.

HALF DUPLEX: Communication protocol that permits transmission inboth directions, but only one direction at a time.

HIPPI: High Performance Parallel Interface. An ANSI standard forhigh-speed transfer of data in a dual-simplex manner over a shortparallel bus.

HIT: A data access in which the requested data is found in the cache.

HIT RATIO: Ratio of cache hits to total disk accesses. A hit ratio of100% means that all disk accesses can be serviced from the cache.

HOST: A processor, usually a CPU and memory. Typically, a hostcommunicates with peripheral devices over some interface to carry outI/O operations.

HOST ADAPTER: Controller (such as a SCSI or ESDI controller) thatroutes data to and/or from the central processing unit.

HOT FIX; HOT SWAP; HOT REPLACEMENT: Capability to unplugand physically replace a failed drive or power supply without loss of

data while the subsystem continues to operate.

HOT PATCH: Refers to a system in which hot spares are available toreplace a failed drive.




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HOT STANDBY SPARE: A disk drive that is electrically connected to aCPU system and can take over the operation of a failed disk in thesubsystem. The major advantage of a hot standby spare is reducedMMTR (mean time to repair).

INITIATOR: SCSI device (usually a host system) that requests anoperation to be performed by another SCSI device (target).

INTERFACE: A set of protocols used between components such ascables, connectors, and signal levels.

I/O: Input/Output . The movement of data from the CPU to and fromattached peripheral devices.

I/O OPERATION: A logical entity dealing with the work accomplishedbetween two devices in a computer system.

I/O PROCESS: One initial connection and zero or more reconnections,all pertaining to a single command or a group of l inked commands.

I/O TRANSACTION: The full execution of one SCSI command. An I/Otransaction involves any SCSI command. In a disk array, the execution

includes the following cycle: the operating system issues a command tothe host adapter; the host adapter sends it to the disk drive; the diskdrive sends a response back to the host adapter; and the host adaptercompletes the cycle back to the operating system.

IPI: Intelligent Peripheral Interface. An ANSI standard for controllingperipheral devices by host computer.

LAN: Local Area Network. A local collection of personal computersand other devices connected by cabling to a common transmissionmedium that allows users to share files and other system resources.LAN’s are usually configured within single or adjacent physicallocations.

LOGICAL: A feature not physically present, but applied by software.Sectors on a hard disk are physically arranged contiguously; logically,sectors may be placed anywhere on a hard disk, requiring a softwareprogram to arrange them in the correct order.




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LOGICAL DISK: A set of contiguous chunks on a physical disk.Logical disks are used in some array implementations as constituents oflogical volumes or partitions. Logical disks are normally transparent tothe host environment, except when the array containing them is beingconfigured.

LOGICAL UNIT: A physical or virtual device addressable through atarget. A physical device can have more than one logical unit.

LUN: Logical Unit Number . Numbers 0-7 assigned to SCSI LogicalUnits or sub-devices. Each SCSI device may contain up to eightLogical Units. Typically, SCSI devices such as disk or tape drivescontain only LUN 0.

MEGABYTE: A value normally associated with data storage capacity,meaning a million bytes. In standard usage, 1000 bytes (a kilobyte) isactually decimal 1024. Therefore, one megabyte (1000 X 1000) isactually 1024 X 1024, or 1,048,576 bytes.

MIRRORING: The process of writing data simultaneously to two disks,thereby improving the reliability of a disk subsystem. Both disks areattached to a single host adapter that handles the data two times.

Should one of the disks fail, the other one can be used to recover thedata.

MODEM: Modulator-Demodulator . A device that allows digital signalsto be transmitted and received over analog telephone lines.

MTBDL: Mean Time Between Data Loss . The average time betweenevents that cause data to be lost.

MTBF: Mean Time Before Failure . The average amount of time that adevice will run before failing.

MTDA: Mean Time of Data Availability . The average amount of time

that data is available for the use it was intended.

MTTF: Mean Time to Failure . An estimate of the likelihood of a failurein a given time frame. MTTF is calculated by taking the number of




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operating hours divided by the number of failures in the designatedtime. For example, if we have fifty computers operating for eight hoursa day for 30 days, with two failures occurring, the MTTF is as follows:

50 x 8 x 302 = 6,000 hours MTTF

MTTR: Mean Time to Repair . An estimate of the average time it takesto repair a device. MTTR is calculated by adding all of the field timetaken to repair failed devices divided by the number of repairs done.

OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: The environment in which a disk arrayoperates. The operating environment includes the host computer(s) towhich the array is attached, any I/O buses and adapters, the hostoperating system, and any additional software required to operate thearray. For host-based arrays, the operating environment includes I/Odriver software for the member disks, but does not include ArrayManagement Software, which is regarded as part of the array itself.

PARALLELISM: A concept that describes a number of devices orprocesses performing the same function through simultaneous actions.For example, two disk drives reading data at the same time can doublethe effective peak transfer rate.

PARITY CODE: An error detection mechanism that uses check datacalculated by adding the number of bits set to 1 in a data stream. If thesum of the bits is an even number, the parity bit is set to 0 and is calledeven parity. If the sum of the bits equals an odd number, the parity bitis set to 1 for odd parity. Parity code is usually calculated using anarithmetic function called exclusive OR (XOR).

PARTITION: An array virtual disk made up of logical disks rather thanphysical ones. Also called a logical volume .

PERIPHERAL DEVICE: A component of a computer system, usually astorage or communication device. Examples are disk drives, tape

drives, monitors, printers, etc.

POINT-TO-POINT: A topology where exactly two ports communicate.




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RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks . An array of two or moredisk drives in a fault tolerant subsystem. The drives in a RAID areconfigured to provide secure, fault tolerant, data redundancy so if onedrive fails in the array, all data is still available without any userrecovery action being taken. Briefly, the levels include:

RAID Level 0 Disk striping without fault tolerance or redundancy.RAID Level 1 Disk mirroring where all data is duplicated.RAID Level 2 Data bit interleaved across multiple disks, check or

parity, information uses hamming code for errorprotection.

RAID Level 3 Data byte interleaved across multiple drives with paritywritten to one dedicated drive.

RAID Level 4 Data is striped across multiple drives at the block orsector level with parity written to dedicated drive.

RAID Level 5 Data and parity information are block striped across alldisks.

RECONSTRUCTION: The process that occurs after a drive failure torebuild the drive from the data and parity information on the remaininggood drives.

RECOVERY PERIOD: The amount of time spent reconstructing the

data for a failed disk. This may be concurrent with normal operations.

SCSI: Small Computer System Interface (pronounced "skuzzy"). Anindustry standard for connecting peripheral devices and their controllersto a microprocessor. The SCSI protocol defines both hardware andsoftware standards for communication between a host computer and aperipheral. Computers and peripheral devices designed to meet SCSIspecifications should work together. It can be either SCSI-1, SCSI-2, orSCSI-3.

SCSI ADDRESS: An octal representation of the unique addressassigned to a SCSI device. Also called the SCSI ID .

SERVER: A computer or specialized device that provides andmanages access to shared network resources such as hard disk drivesand printers.




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SHADOWING: Mirroring.

SINGLE-ENDED INTERFACE: An electrical signal configuration usinga single line for each signal, referenced to a ground path common to theother signal lines. The advantage of single-ended configuration(compared to differential) is half the number of pins, clips, and PCBoard area is used. The disadvantages of single-ended interface areits higher vulnerability to common mode noise and limited (up to 6meters) cable distance.

SLED: Single Large Expensive Drive.

STRIPING: See DISK STRIPING.

SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION: A type of data transmission inwhich the sending and receiving devices operate continuously at thesame frequency and are held in a desired phase relationship bycorrection device. For buses, synchronous transmission is a timingprotocol that uses a master clock and, has a clock period and allowableoffset.

TERMINATOR: An electrical connection at each end of the SCSI buscomposed of a set of resistors (or possibly other components). A

terminator provides a pull-up for open collector drivers on the bus andan impedance match to prevent signal reflections at the ends of thecable. Depending on internal circuitry, a terminator can use simpleresistors ('passive termination'), or a combination of a voltage regulatorand resistors ('active terminator'). Terminators for single-ended and differential interfaces are different and are not interchangeable.

THROUGHPUT: The number of I/O requests satisfied per unit time.Expressed in requests/second, where a request is an applicationrequest to a storage subsystem to perform a read or write operation.

TRANSFER RATE: The rate of speed data can be transferred to andfrom a disk drive under varying conditions.

ULTRA SCSI: A SCSI-3 transfer mode that doubles the bus clockspeed to 20 megahertz. The faster bus supports 8-bit narrow transfersat 20 MB/sec and 16-bit wide transfers at 40 MB/sec. Also known asFast-20.




VIRTUAL DISK: A conceptual drive rather than a physical drive, as ina disk array. Although the virtual drive normally spans multiple drives,from the user's perspective, there is only one drive.

WAN: Wide Area Network . A large, geographically dispersed network.

WIDE SCSI: A SCSI protocol and signal definition which provides agreater than 8-bit wide data path. Wide SCSI devices may supporteither 8 and 16-bit, or 8, 16, and 32-bit data transfers.

flex array 12 version 1.1

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