flash cards vocab for exam 1. jarvis ch 1-3, 8, 9, 12, 13http___p.quizlet.com__settitle=health...
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Jarvis Health Assessment Vocabulary ch 1,2,3,9,12,13TRANSCRIPT
Ad hoc interpreter
using a pt.'s family member,friend or child as interpreter
for a limited Englishproficiency (LEP) patient.
Alopecia (baldness) hair loss
Amplitude(or intensity) how loud
or soft a sound is
Animism
imagining thatinanimate objects comealive and have human
characteristics.
Annularcircular shape to skin
lesion
Assessmentthe collection of dataabout an individual's
health state.
Auscultatory gap
a brief time period whenKorotkoff sounds disappearduring auscultation of blood
pressure; common withhypertension
Avoidance languagethe use of euphemisms
to avoid reality or tohide feelings.
Biomedical model
the Western European/N.American tradition that
views health as theabsence of disease.
Bradycardiaheart rate of less than50 beats per minute in
the adult.
Bruit
blowing, swooshingsound heard through thestethoscope over an areaof abnormal blood flow.
Bulla
elevated cavitycontaining free fluid
larger than 1 cmdiameter
Clarification
examiner's responseused when the pt.'s wordchoice is ambiguous or
confusing.
Closed Questions
questions that ask for specificinformation; elicit a short,
one-word response, a yes/no;or a forced choice.
Complete Databasea complete health
history and full physicalexam.
Confluent xskin lesions that run
together
Confrontation
response in which examinergives honest feedback aboutwhat he/she has seen or feltafter observing a certain pt.action, feeling or statement.
Critical Thinking
simultaneouslyproblem-solving whileself-improving one'sown thinking ability.
Crust
thick, dried-out exudateleft on the skin when
vesicles/pustules burstor dry up
Cultural and linguisticcompetence
a set of congruent behaviors,attitudes, and policies that cometogether in a system amongprofessionals that enables work incross-cultural situations
Cultural Care Nursing
professional health carethat is culturally
sensitive, appropriate,and competent.
Culture
the non-physical attributes of aperson - the thoughts,communications, actions, beliefs,values, and institutions of racial,ethnic, religious, or social groups.
Culture-boundSyndrome
a condition that isculturally defined
Cyanosis
dusky blue color to skin ormucous membranes due to
increased amount ofunoxygenated hemoglobin
Diagnostic Reasoning
a method of collecting and analyzingclinical information with thefollowing components: initial cues;diagnosis hypothesis; gathering data;evaluating hypothesis w/ data;arriving at a final diagnosis.
Distancing
the use of impersonalspeech to put spacebetween self and a
threat
Durationthe length of time a note
lingers
Dysphagia difficulty in swallowing
Elderspeak
infantilizing and demeaninglanguage used by a health
professional when speaking toan older adult.
Electronic healthrecording
direct computer entryof the pt. health record
while in the pt.'spresence
Emergency database
rapid collection of thedatabase, often compiled
concurrently withlifesaving measures.
Empathy
viewing the world from theother person's point of view;recognizing and accepting theother's feelings withoutcriticism.
Environment
the total of all the conditionsand elements that make up
the surroundings andinfluence the development of
a person.
Erosionscooped out, shallow
depression in skin
Erythema
intense redness of the skindue to excess blood in dilated
superficial capillaries, as infever or inflammation
Ethnicity
a social group within the socialsystem that claims to possessvariable traits such as acommon geographic origin,migratory status, and religion.
Ethnocentrism
the tendency to view your own wayof life as the most desirable,acceptable, or best and to act in asuperior manner to anotherculture's life ways.
Ethnocentrism
tendency to view your ownway of life as the mostdesirable, acceptable, or bestand to act superior to anotherculture's lifeways
Evidence-basedpractice
a systematic approach emphasizingthe best research evidence, theclinician's experience, patientpreferences and values, physicalexamination and assessment.
Excoriation xself-inflicted abrasion
on skin due toscratching
Explanation
examiner's statements thatinform the pt.; examiner
shares factual andobjective information.
Facilitation
examiner's responsethat encourages the pt.
to say more, to continuewith the story.
Fissurelinear crack in skin
extending into dermis
Focused Database
one used for a limited or short-term problem; concerns
mainly one problem, one cuecomplex, or one body system.
Folk Healer
lay healer in the person'sculture apart from thebio-medical/scientific
health care system
Follow-up Database
used in all settings tomonitor progress on
short-term or chronichealth problems.
Furuncle
(boil) suppurativeinflammatory skin
lesion due to infectedhair follicle
Geographic privacyprivate room or space
with only the examinerand pt. present
Goiter
increase in size ofthyroid gland that
occurs withhyperthyroidism
Health/illness
the balance/imbalance of theperson, both within one's being(physical, mental, and or spiritual)and in the outside world (natural,communal, and/or metaphysical)
Hemangioma
skin lesion due tobenign proliferation of
blood vessels in thedermis
Heritage consistency
the degree to which a person'slifestyle reflects his/her traditionalheritage, whether it is AmericanIndian, European, Asian, African, orHispanic
Holistic Health
the view that the mind, body,and spirit are interdependent
and function as a whole withinthe environment.
Interpretation
examiner's statement that is notbased on direct observation, but isbased on examiner's inference orconclusion; it links events, makesassociations, or implies cause.
Interview
meeting betweenexaminer and pt. withthe goal of gathering a
complete health hx.
Iristarget shape of skin
lesion
Jargon
using medicalvocabulary with pt. inan exclusionary and
paternalistic way
Jaundice
yellow color to skin,palate, and sclera due toexcess bilirubin in the
blood
Keloid xhypertrophic scar,
elevated beyond thesites of original injury
Leading Questiona question that impliesone answer would bebetter than another.
Lichenification
tightly packed set ofpapules that thickensskin, from prolonged
intense scratching
Lipoma benign fatty tumor
Lymphadenopathy
enlargement of thelymph nodes due toinfection, allergy, or
neoplasm
Macerationsoftening of tissue by
soaking
Macrocephalic abnormally large head
Maculeflat skin lesion withonly a color change
Medical Diagnosis
used to evaluate the cause andetiology of disease; focus is onthe function or malfunction of
a specific organ system.
Microcephalic abnormally small head
Nevus(mole) circumscribed
skin lesion due toexcess melanocytes
Noduleelevated skin lesiongreater that 1 cm in
diameter
NonverbalCommunication
message conveyed throughbody language- posture,gestures, facial expression, eyecontact, touch, and evenwhere one places the chairs.
Normocephalicround symmetric skull
that is appropriatelyrelated to body size
Nosocomial infectionan infection acquiredduring hospitalization
Nursing Diagnosis
used to evaluate theresponse of the whole
person to actual orpotential health problems
Nursing Process
a method of collecting andanalyzing clinical information withthe following components:assessment; diagnosis; outcomeidentification; planning;implementation; and evaluation.
Objective data
what the health professionalobserves by inspecting,palpating, percussing, andauscultating during thephysical examination.
Open-ended question
asks for longer narrativeinformation; unbiased;
leaves the pt. free toanswer in any way.
Ophthalmoscope
an instrument that illuminatesthe internal eye structures,enabling the examiner to lookthrough the pupil at thefundus.
Otoscope
an instrument that illuminatesthe ear canal, enabling theexaminer to look at the ear
canal and tympanicmembrane.
Pallorexcessively pale,
whitish pink color tolightly pigmented skin
Papule xpalpable skin lesion,
less that 1 cm indiameter
Pitch
(or frequency) thenumber of vibrations(or cycles) per second
of a note
Plaqueskin lesion in whichpapules coalesce or
come together
Prevention
any action directedtoward promoting health
and preventing theoccurrence of disease.
Pruritus itching
Purpura
red-purple skin lesiondue to blood in tissuesfrom breaks in blood
vessels
Pustuleelevated cavity
containing thick, turbidfluid
Quality
(or timbre) a subjectivedifference in a sound dueto the sound's distinctive
overtones.
Reflection
examiner response thatechoes the pt.'s words;
repeats part of what thept. has just said.
Religion
the belief in a divine orsuperhuman power or powers to beobeyed and worshiped as thecreator(s) and ruler(s) of theuniverse; and a system of beliefs,practices, and ethical values.
Scale
compact desiccatedflakes of skin from
shedding of dead skincells
Socialization
the process of being raisedwithin a culture and
acquiring the characteristicsof that group
Sphygmomanometerinstrument for
measuring arterialblood pressure
Stroke Volume
amount of bloodpumped out of the
heart with eachheartbeat
Subjective Data
what the person saysabout himself or herselfduring the history (hx)
taking.
Summary
final review of what examinerunderstands the pt. has said;condenses facts and presents asurvey of how the examinerperceives the health problem orneed.
Tachycardiaheart rate of greater
than 90 beats perminute in the adult.
Telangiectasia
skin lesion due topermanently enlarged
and dilated bloodvessels that are visible
Telegraphic Speech
speech used by age 3 or 4 inwhich three or four word
sentences use contain onlythe essential words
Title VI of the CivilRights Act of 1964
a federal law that mandates thatwhen people with limited Englishproficiency (LEP) seek health carein health care settings... servicescannot be denied to them.
Torticollis
head tilt due toshortening or spasm of
one sternomastoidmuscle
Ulcer
sloughing of necroticinflammatory tissue that
causes a deep depression inskin, extending into dermis
Values
a desirable orundesirable state of
affairs and a universalfeature of all cultures
Verbal Communication
messages sent throughspoken words,
vocalizations, tone ofvoice.
Vertigo
illusory sensation ofeither the room or one'sown body spinning; it is
not the same as dizziness
Vesicleelevated cavity
containing free fluid upto 1 cm diameter
Wellness
a dynamic process andview of health; a move
toward optimalfunctioning.
Wheal xraised red skin lesion
due to interstitial fluid
Zosteriform xlinear shape of skinlesion along a nerve
route