flash cards. changing number of +protons….. changes the element
TRANSCRIPT
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Flash Cards
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Changing number of +protons…..
Changes the element
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Who did Gold Foil Experiment?
Rutherford
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Plum Pudding Model
Thomson
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Atom is made of mostly of…
Empty space…..Rutherford
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Metals ___________ -e
lose
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Rutherford: nucleus is…
Small & +positive charge
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Discovered -e
Thomson
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Solid ball model
Dalton
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Current accepted atomic model
Electron cloud
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Atomic model has scattered negative charges spread throughout
Thomson
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Non-metals ________ -e
gain
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Change number of neutrons…
Creates isotopes
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What will Ne react with?
None – Noble gas
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Most reactive metal family
Alkali Metals #1
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Period tells you…
Number of energy shells
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Most reactive non-metal Family
Halogens
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Planetary model
Bohr
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Number of electrons on first three shells…
2, 8, 18, 32
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+p: 21n: 23 Atomic Mass?-e: 21
44
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+p: 21n: 23 Atomic Number?-e: 21
21
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Hot to the touch during reaction
exothermic
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H2O → H2 + 02
Type of reaction?
Decomposition
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Most reactive non-metal group
Halogens
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Ca + P → _________
Ca2+ + P3- → Ca3P2
?
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Name of column #2
Alkaline Earth Metals
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Bond that shares valance electrons
Covalent
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Metal + Metal
Metallic Bond
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Charged Particle
Ion
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Number of –e in outer shell
Valance electrons
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Reaction feels cold to the touch
Endothermic
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Heat always flows from ____ to ______.
Hot areas to cold areas
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Most reactive metal element
Fr
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Used CRT(cathode ray tube)
Thomson
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Model which has energy levels
Bohr
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Cl-38+p: ____ n: ____ -e: ____
172117
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Metal + Non-metal
Ionic Bond
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K + N → _________
K1+ + N3- → K3N
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Thomson
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Cu
Average of isotopes
63.55
29
Why?
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pH 8-14
Base
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Acid + Base =
Water & salt
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Dalton – solid sphere
Who’s model?
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pH 0-6
Acid
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Neutral pH
7
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Strong Acid pH
0-1
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Weak Base pH
8-9
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Reactant side of chemical equation
Left _____ → ________
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Strongest base?pH 1 pH 5 pH 8 pH
13
pH 13
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Zn + 2HCl - ZnCl2 + H2
Type of reaction?
Single Replacement
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Why do cows wear bells?
Because their horns don’t work.
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2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
Type of reaction?
Decomposition
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Electrically Neutral…..
Same number + and -
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Non-Metal + Non-metal
Covalent Bond
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Oxidation Charge Number for Fe (IV)
4+
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What makes an atom stable?
Full outside shell
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The amount of energy that is put into a machine never equals the amount out of the machine. Why?
Loss of energy to friction.
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A bird flies 25-m in 4 seconds. What is its velocity?
v = d
t=
25
4= 6.25 m/s
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A car pulls away from a stop sign to a speed of 12 m/s in 3 seconds. What is its acceleration?
a = vf - vi
t=
12-0
3= 4 m/s/s
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How much force is required to accelerate a 9-kg cart at 6-m/s/s ?
F = m a = (9)·(6) = 54 N
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For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force. Which law is this?
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
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What property makes a moving object resist changing its speed?
Inertia
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The amount of matter that is in a given object’s volume is called its______________.
Density
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The water level said 10 mL before the rock was added. After the graduated cylinder read 15 mL. What is the volume of the rock?
15-10= 5 mL
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If the rock has a mass of 35 g, what is the density of the rock?
D = m / VD = 35 / 5D = 7 g/mL
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How many electrons does Nitrogen-15 need in order to be stable?
3
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How many electrons does Hydrogen need in order to be stable?
1
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What type of chemical bond does a water molecule have?
H2O
Covalent
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A dog chases a car running at 8 m/s for 4 seconds. How will the dog travel during this time?
v = d
t
8 = d
4
8 = d 4 ·
d = 32 32 meters
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What type of chemical bond does a table salt have?
NaCl
Ionic
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Kim carried an 11-N box up a flight of stairs 6 meters high. How much work did she do?
W = F ·d
W = 6 11·
W = 66 J
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How much current will flow through a 2-Ω resistor when it is connected to a 24-V battery?
V = I · R
24 = 2 I
I = 24/2 = 12 Amps
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How much power does a 100V motor have if it uses 20 amps?
P = I · V
P = 100 20 ·
P = 2 000 Watts
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What type of circuit is this?
Parallel
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What type of circuit is this?
Series
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What type of circuit is this?
Series
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What type of circuit is this?
Parallel
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What kind of object is the best to use as a frame of reference?
Object attached to the ground.(ex: sign, tree, fence)
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Put the atomic model scientist in historical order.
Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr Schrödinger
Bohr Dalton Rutherford Thomson Schrödinger
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The part of the atom with the smallest mass.
Electron
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The number of protons remain the same, but neutrons are added. This creates…
isotopes
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99% of an atom’s mass exists in this location.
nucleus
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Our Moon is 1/6th the size of the Earth; so an astronaut’s _____ will be less on the Moon.
Weight
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An astronaut traveling through space is weightless, but her ____ is still the same.
Mass
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A ball is dropped from a roof and it will begin to accelerate at _______.
9.8 m/s/s = “g”
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How fast is an object going to be traveling after 2 seconds from being dropped?
2 x g = 2 x 9.8 = 19.6 m/s
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The charge on a proton is…
Positive
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Which direction will the heat travel through these objects?
Highest to lowest:A→B and C→B
A65°C
B23°C
C48°C
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How can you create C-14 from C-12?
Add two neutrons (isotopes)
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The state of matter in which particles are vibrating in place.
Solid
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Where are the largest radius atoms located on the periodic table?
Lower left corner (Fr)
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How many protons does Phosphorous have?
15
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The atomic number for Ni
28
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The atomic mass of Cacium
40
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S has how many neutrons?
35 – 16 = 19
16
35
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A plane travels 400 km in 2 hrs. What is the plane's speed?
v = d t
v = 400 2 = 200 km/hr
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What will be the acceleration of a 20 kg cart after a 140 N force is applied?
F = m · a 140 = 20 · a
140 = 20 · a 20 20
140 = a 20
7 m/s/s = a
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Once an object is in motion it will stay in that motion unless a a net force acts on it.
Newton’s 1st Law of motion
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For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
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Bohr’s model of Boron
Boron has 5 p+ and so 5 e-
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What is the oxidation number of Carbonate?
CO3 is a polyatomic ion and has a (2-) charge.
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What is the valence number of Mg ?
2
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How many electron shells does Chlorine have?
3
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It will take 500J of work to move a tractor. If this is done in 25 seconds, how much power is used?
P = Wt
P = 50025 = 20 Watts
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Oxygen will react more with…Magnesium or Potassium ?
K…because it is closer to F corner.