fixing streams, step 1: figuring out what to fix
TRANSCRIPT
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Science SeminarNovember 2019Water and Land Resources Division
Fixing Streams, Step 1:
Figuring Out What to Fix
“Stressor Identification and Recommended Actions for Restoring and Protecting Select Puget Lowland Stream Basins”
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Freshwater Impairments | Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity | Water Quality IndexFreshwater Impairments | Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity | Water Quality Index
Puget Sound Partnership Recovery Target
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Limitation: What’s the cause?
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Protect all “Excellent” sitesRestore 30 sites from “Fair” to “Good”
B-IBI Recovery Target
Limitation: What’s the cause?Limitation: What’s the cause?
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Big Question:
How?
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100
100
B-I
BI S
core
0 Percent Urbanization, Basin Wide
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14 basins
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ApproachWhat does “Excellent” look like?
Correlate
Determine Thresholds
Identify
Prioritize
Recommend Actions
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Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
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Stream bed stabilityEmbeddedness of stream substrate
Fine sediment in stream channelFlashiness
Riparian forest healthBasin-wide forest health
Large substrate in stream channelOrganic material in soil
Roads in basinLocal habitat
Low slopeSoil composition in basin
Stream density throughout basinStream temperature
Riparian urban developmentBasin-wide urban development
Septic InfluenceSinuosity
Timber Harvest
147
Cond
itio
ns
47Co
ndit
ions
Contextual Pool
176 King County Stream Basins_______________
85 ECY Stream Basins
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Thresholds to characterize Excellent basins
Two MethodsMeasure of certainty
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
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100
100
B-IB
I Sco
re
0 Environmental Condition
Excellent
Fair
Very Poor
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
Typical excellent
siteCondition degraded compared to typical excellent site
Fabulous!
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1000 Environmental Condition
Point at which sensitive bugs disappear
Point at which tolerant bugs increase
Fabulous!
Baker and King 2010
Condition degraded compared to typical
excellent site
Condition REALLY degraded compared to
typical excellent site
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
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Environmental Condition 1000
Site B
Very certain conditions are
excellent
Very certain conditions are
degraded
Site A
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
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Stream bed stabilityEmbeddedness of stream substrate
Fine sediment in stream channelFlashiness
Riparian forest healthBasin-wide forest health
Large substrate in stream channelRoads in basinLocal habitat
Stream temperatureRiparian urban development
Basin-wide urban developmentOrganic material in soil
Low slopeSoil composition in basin
Stream density throughout basin
Human Influenced
Natural
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
Condition Certainty Correlation
% Urban HIGH HIGH
% Impervious
HIGH HIGH
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Add large substrateStablize stream banksStablize slopesPlant vegetation, extend bufferIncrease stormwater flow controlImprove stormwater treatmentMaintain facilitiesMinimize impact of road runoffMaintain/decomission roadsAllow existing forest to maturePlant vegetationExclude livestockManage wastePrevent soil loss
Mining Areas Enforce mining BMPs
Forested Land
Agricultural Land
In-stream
Riparian Buffer
Stormwater Conveyance Systems
Basin-wide urban development
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
Recommended Actions
If category is degraded:
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Add large substrateStablize stream banksStablize slopesPlant vegetation, extend bufferIncrease stormwater flow controlImprove stormwater treatmentMaintain facilitiesMinimize impact of road runoffMaintain/decomission roadsAllow existing forest to maturePlant vegetationExclude livestockManage wastePrevent soil loss
Mining Areas Enforce mining BMPs
Forested Land
Agricultural Land
In-stream
Riparian Buffer
Stormwater Conveyance Systems
Basin-wide urban development Flashiness
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
Recommended Actions
If category is degraded:
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Add large substrateStablize stream banksStablize slopesPlant vegetation, extend bufferIncrease stormwater flow controlImprove stormwater treatmentMaintain facilitiesMinimize impact of road runoffMaintain/decomission roadsAllow existing forest to maturePlant vegetationExclude livestockManage wastePrevent soil loss
Mining Areas Enforce mining BMPs
Forested Land
Agricultural Land
In-stream
Riparian Buffer
Stormwater Conveyance Systems
Basin-wide urban development Flashiness
Fine sediment
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
Recommended Actions
If category is degraded:
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Target Area or Land Use Management Action Importance
Add large substrate 2.6Stablize stream banks 2.5Stablize slopes 6.6Plant vegetation, extend buffer 7.9Increase stormwater flow control 8.0Improve stormwater treatment 6.5Maintain storage and treatment facilities 8.0Minimize impacts of road runoff 8.0Maintain or decomission forest roads 6.5Allow existing forest to mature 7.1Plant vegetation 7.1Exclude livestock 3.6Manage waste 3.6Prevent soil loss 3.6
Mining Areas Enforce Mining BMPs 2.5
In-stream
Riparian Buffer
Stormwater Conveyance
Systems
Forested Land
Agricultural Land
Correlate Threshold Identify Prioritize Recommend
Manzanita Creek, Bainbridge Island
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14 basins
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Two methods for determining thresholds: similar results! B-IBI works well as integrative measure
Every basin is unique, but face similar stressors
Posters in the back with results from three of the 14 stream basins
Intermediate level of investigation
Conclusions
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AcknowledgementsEcology: Lola Flores Colin Hume Derek Day Chad Larson Glenn Merritt Jill Lemmon Jack Janisch
King County Staff: Liora Llewellyn Dan Lantz Houston Flores Andrew Miller Fred Lott Brendon Grant
Renee Scherdnik, Kitsap County
Christian Berg and Cami Apfelbeck, City of Bainbridge Island
Sara Brooke Benjamin, City of Bellingham
Funding: EPA’s National Estuary Program Stormwater Strategic Initiative
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Thank you.Beth [email protected], 206-263-0168Water and Land Resources DivisionKing County Department of Natural Resources and Parks