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FISH

Note the size of the heartNote the intestinal tractNote the respiratory system

Shark: FISH

Note the size of the heartNote the uterus and embryo

(anomaly)Note the digestive tractNote the respiratory system

FROG1. Heart

(ventricle)

2. Lung  3. Spleen  4. Liver  5.

Stomach 

6. Small intestine 

7. Large intestine 

8. Kidney  9. Urinary

bladder10.Oviduct11. Fat

bodies

Note the size of the heartNote the intestinal tract

TURTLE: ReptileNote the size of the heartNote the intestinal tract

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Pigeon: BIRDNote the size of the heartNote the crop and gizzardNote the intestinal tract

Pig: MAMMAL1) Lungs for efficient air exchange--oxygen fuel for endothermy.

2) Heart (strong and large) for efficient oxygen and nutrient transmission--important for endothermy

3) Small intenstines long and folded for efficient nutrient absorption--important for endothermy

4) Kidneys concentrate liquid wastes--important for water conservation on land

5) Reproductive organs allow for internal fertilization--important for land survival

6) Fat and fur for heat insulation --important for endothermy

7) High muscle mass. 4 limbs--more rapid movement (possible due to endothermy)

8) Ribs protect thoracic cavity (all vertebrates, but especially strong in land vertebrates)

9) Stomach fairly large (under liver), allows for large food intake--important for endothermy

1

7

6

5

43

28

9

Liver

Node: Specific trait.

Organisms branching to right HAVE this trait.

Organisms branching to left DO NOT have this trait.

Family tree that branches systematically at points (nodes) representing specific traits possessed by some groups, but not others.

Branches: Organisms