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Fish Digestion and Feeding

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Page 1: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

Fish Digestion and Feeding

Page 2: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed

• HS‐LS2‐6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the complex interactions in eco systems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, but changing conditions may result in a new ecosystem.

• HS‐LS4‐5. Evaluate the evidence supporting claims that changes in environmental conditions may result in: (1) increases in the number of individuals of some species, (2) the emergence of new species over time, and (3) the extinction of other species. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on determining cause and effect relationships for how changes to the environment such as deforestation, fishing, application of fertilizers, drought, flood, and the rate of change of the environment affect distribution or disappearance of traits in species.

Page 3: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

Bell Work / Objectives

• Describe the fish digestive system.

• Describe the common methods of feeding fish.

• Explain how to interpret a feed label.

Page 4: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

Terms

• Anus• Auger feeding system• Automated feeding

systems• Blowers• Branchiospines• Carnivores

• Demand feeders• Esophagus• Hand feeding• Intestines• Mouth• Prepared feed• Stomach

Page 5: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

Identifying Fish Digestion and Feeding

• Make a list of what you have eaten in the last 24 hours.

• Where did you eat those foods at?

• How was the food served?

• How is the body able to digest and utilize the food you consumed?

Page 6: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are the parts of the fish digestive system?

• The fish digestive system is somewhat similar to other animals.

• Size and shape of each component of the system will vary with the type of fish and its diet.

• Carnivores– Fish that eats meat.– Have a large stomach and short intestines.

Page 7: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are the parts of the fish digestive system?

• Parts include:– Mouth

• Teeth• Tongue• Branchiospines

– Esophagus– Stomach– Intestines– Anus

Page 8: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are the parts of the fish digestive system?

• Mouth– Entry point of system.

• Carnivores mouth– Have many teeth that point

inwards.– Not used for chewing.– Used to capture and hold prey.

• Other fish– Few or no teeth.

Page 9: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are the parts of the fish digestive system?

• Tongue– Helps move food around in the mouth.

• Branchiospines– Act as filters to capture small food from water

as the fish swims.– Part of the gill structure that helps fish swim.

• Esophagus– Short tube that connects mouth to stomach.

Page 10: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are the parts of the fish digestive system?

• Stomach– Organ where digestion begins.– Some stomachs will expand greatly.

• Allows them to eat large quantities of food.– Other stomachs are small that will

accommodate only small amounts of food.– Some fish have almost no stomach.

• Esophagus connects directly to intestines.

Page 11: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are the parts of the fish digestive system?

• Intestines– Site of food digestion

and nutrient absorption.

• Anus– Exterior opening of

system.– Unused food and

wasted material is exited.

Page 12: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are some common methods of feeding fish?

• Feeding fish is very important.– Provide the appropriate nutrition.– Observe fish for any abnormal signs.

• Feeding systems differ based on size of the operation.– Small operations– Large operations

Page 13: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are some common methods of feeding fish?

• Small Operations– Hand feeding

• Feed is distributed by hand, shovels, or other non-automated means.

• Most common method.• Used for feeds not suited for automated

systems.• Meat scraps are hand fed.

Page 14: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are some common methods of feeding fish?

• Large Operations– Automated feeding systems

• Utilize machinery to distribute the feed.

• From relatively simple to very complicated, computer-controlled.

• Blowers• Demand feeders• Auger feeding systems

Page 15: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are some common methods of feeding fish?

• Blowers– Drive along the

side of the pond and blow feed out into the pond.

– Attached to trucks or tractors.

– Common in levee pond and watershed pond operations.

Page 16: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are some common methods of feeding fish?

• Demand feeders– Allow fish to bump

a rod and release feed when they are hungry.

– Used in raceways.– Fish must be

trained how to use them.

Page 17: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What are some common methods of feeding fish?

• Auger feeding – Similar to systems

used by swine and poultry farmers.

– Feed stored in large tanks

– Moved by augers that drop feed in pond

– Common in tanks and raceways

Page 18: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What does a feed label tells us?

• Fish farming utilizes prepared feeds.– A feed that is

produced by a feed mill and then sold in bags or bulk.

– Required to have a label approved by the state department of agriculture.

Page 19: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What does a feed label tells us?

• Net weight• Product name• Brand name• Guaranteed analysis• Drug additives

Page 20: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What must the guaranteed analysis section contain?

• Minimum % of crude protein

• Maximum & minimum % of protein from non-protein nitrogen

• Minimum % of crude fat

• Maximum % of crude fiber

• Minimum and maximum % of salt and calcium

• Minimum % of phosphorus

• Other minerals• Vitamin content

Page 21: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

What must be included on label if feed has drugs in it?

• The word “medicated”• Purpose of

medication must be stated.

• Directions and precautions for medication.

• Listing of all active drug ingredients.

Page 22: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

Review / Summary

• What are the parts of the fish digestive system?

• What are some common methods of feeding fish?

• What does a fish label tell us?

Page 23: Fish Digestion and Feeding. Next Generation Science / Common Core Standards Addressed HS ‐ LS2 ‐ 6.Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the

The End!