First Speaker Plaintiffs and Defendants

A. Davis

Explain Everything • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecKO_9oqtbQ

• Use the link above to help you understand the structure of the first speakers speech.

1. First plaintiff makes an opening statement and provides the allegation

2. First defendant makes an opening statement to disprove the allegation.

3. Second plaintiff acts as an expert

4. Second defendant acts as an expert

5. Third plaintiff acts as an expert and restates the arguments

6. Third defendant acts as an expert and restates the argument

2. First defendant cross examines the first plaintiff

4. Second defendant cross examines the second plaintiff

5. Third plaintiff cross examines the second plaintiff

6. Third defendant cross examines the third plaintiff

3. Second plaintiff cross examines the first defendant

7. Closing argument

8. Closing argument

Link to show the order of proceedings

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtQ9ZJSNOlM

Structure for first speaker

• Introductiono Introduce allegation o State what two points you will be making.

• Body paragraph one o Define allegation o Introduce speakers and what points they

will be making

• Body paragraph twoo First point o Explain o Exampleo Link

• Body paragraph threeo Second pointo Explanation o Example o Link

• Conclusion o Restate why the allegation is true/false

and why your team should win

Opening speech by first speaker

• Three tasks o Defineo Introduce o Substantive points

1. The first speaker needs to define the allegation to show what understanding they have of the case.o This needs to be done in a way that supports their side of the case.

2. The first speaker needs to introduce each speaker and needs to state what points each speaker will be covering.

3. The first speaker makes two points to support their argument. This are called substantive points

Introductions Start your speech in an interesting way.

• Use an excellent example.• Contrast examples from both sides- making

your example sound more important. • Use a compelling statistic • Introduce your teams your teams main

argument• Say why it is important that your side wins.• State what you are going to say in your speech.

1. Define- Plaintiff • This is where you explain/ define how your teams interprets

the allegation.• Rephrase and explain in detail what you understand the

allegation to mean.

• For example:• Allegation: That zoos should be closed down due to cruelty to

animals.• Definition: It becomes illegal to own or operate a place where

people pay money to view animals kept in captivity.• Explanation: Animals in Zoos need to be retrained and

released into programs which prepare them for the wild and people should go to game reserves or watch TV if the want to see animals.

1. Define- Defendant • This is where you explain/ define how your teams interprets

the allegation.• Rephrase and explain in detail what you understand the

allegation to mean.

• For example: • Allegation: That zoos are not responsible for cruelty to animals • Definition: zoos are places that protect animals.• Explanation: That animals remain well cared for in captivity so

that people can come and learn about animals so that the next generation can appreciate and care for animals to ensure their survival.

• You will need to cross examine points that the first Plaintiff has made.

2. Introduce • Introduce each lawyer on your case.• State what points they will be making

• Introduce what two substantive points you will be making.

• State why it is important that your team wins.

3. Substantive points • Point one- • Explain-• Example/ evidence • Link point back to why your team should win the

case

• Point one- • Explain-• Example/ evidence • Link point back to why • your team should win the case.

Example/ Evidence • Whist acting as an expert it is important to supply

evidence to back up your points. Nothing will stand up in court unless you have the correct evidence to back it up.

Types of examples and evidence that you can use are

PicturesQuotesFilmed extracts Props/ objects Sound recordingsNews paper extracts

Make sure you have a variety of types of evidence for your case. You will need to show these during your speech.You might want to use iMovie- Educreations- Pic collage- Key note- Skitch- Noob news- Podcasts- Audacity,- iMotion HD- Imagechef,

Closing speech • This is done by the first defendant and then the second

plaintiff.• All the most important points and arguments are repeated

along with how the other team responded to them. • This is done in chronological order.• This speech is written during the case. • It is the last chance to emphasise why your side of the case

should win.• No new information is introduced.

o Our team stated that…o Your team responded by saying…o Your argument was flawed because… o Our argument was better because…

Tips • Use facts and statistics to back up your points.

o Remember to say where these come from.

• Use a catch phrase or slogan that your side keeps repeating throughout the case. o “Without Zoos animals have no hope.”o “just zoo it.” o “for a small fee you can see real animals before they become extinct.”o “Cruel captivity and conditions ruins animals lives.”

While preparing • Ask why questions..• Why should we be\not doing this? • Why is this bad or good? • What will happen if this changes?• What will happen if this does not change? • How will society be effected if this changes?• How will society be effected if this does not change?• Why is it important that a change does take place?• Why is it important that we maintain the status quo?

Structure • Tell us what your going to say, say it, then tell us

you have said it. • Sign posting – make sure everyone knows what

you are doing.• Signal that you have moved from your

introduction to your cross examination to your first point, second point, third point conclusion.

• Signal which point you are cross examining. • Signal which points you are making.

Cross examination

Pick up on when your opponents do not cross examine one of your arguments.

For example, we said that Zoos are needed to help animals because of the breeding programs they offer. Your team has completely overlooked this argument .

Keep bringing this up. It makes your team seem

stronger and stronger.

• State what point you are cross examining. o You said that…..

• Explain what is wrong with this point.o This is wrong because…..

• Explain what you mean in detail.o What this means is that……

• Link the cross examination back to the allegation. o So what this shows us is…..

How to end your speeches.

• Summarise what you have said.• Summarise at what point your case is at. • Summarise the problems with the other teams

case.• Restate why it is important that you win your

case.

Task • Using a brainstorming app create a brainstorm

organising your ideas. • Make sure you have identified what type of

evidence you will use in your court case. • Write your speech using the hamburger model.• Prepare and create your evidence • Practice combining reading your speech whilst

showing your evidence.

• Brain storming apps o Simple mind plus o iBrianstormo Mindmasho Idea Ketch