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JROTCDL.com – CADET 106 – First Aid - 2


Name: ____________________________________ Date:____________

STUDY GUIDE: FIRST AID

Lesson 1: The Need for First Aid

Lesson 1

Screen 2 of 27

First aid is ___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 2 of 27

Six (6) things that must be done before giving first aid:

1. Survey the scene.

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. Be prepared.

Lesson 1

Screen 6 of 27

Seven (7) universal precautions whenever administering first aid:

1. Wash hands before and after each medical procedure.

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

7. Dispose all contaminated personal protective equipment in an appropriate container.


Lesson 1

Screen 7 of 27

Eight (8) tips for attending to elderly casualties:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 7 of 27

Eight (8) tips for attending to child casualties:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 8 of 27

Good Samaritan laws are intended to protect ________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________


Lesson 1

Screen 9 of 27

Six (6) tips Good Samaritans use to stay out of court:

1. Take a CPR and first aid class.

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 12 of 27

Triage is _____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 13 of 27

Three (3) steps to survey a patient:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 14 of 27

Usual method for opening an airway for the purpose of performing rescue breathing:

____________________________________________________________________________

Usual position to place an unconscious victim in case he or she vomits:

____________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 15 of 27

If you ask a bystander to call an ambulance, make sure they ____________________________

back to you once released by the emergency operator to confirm the call has been made.


Lesson 1

Screen 18 of 27

Three (3) stages to performing a secondary survey of a casualty:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 19 of 27

Questions to ask while interview a casualty:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 20 of 27

Four (4) things to check for when checking vital signs:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 1

Screen 21 of 27

The main causes of shock are severe _____________________________,

_____________________________ problems, and _____________________________ system

injuries. Other types of injuries may also cause shock such as dehydration, serious infection,

severe burns, and allergic reaction.

Lesson 1

Screen 22 of 27

Five (5) steps to treating shock:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 1

Screen 24 of 27

Three (3) steps to performing a head-to-toe examination on an adult:

1. Look for medical alert bracelets or medallions.

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2: CPR and Choking

Lesson 2

Screen 5 of 27

A stroke is ___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Cardiac arrest is _______________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________


Abdominal thrusts are __________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Rescue breathing is ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

CPR is ______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

An AED is ___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2

Screen 6 of 27

Five (5) indications other than the universal sign for choking that someone may be choking:

1. _______________________________________

2. _______________________________________

3. _______________________________________

4. _______________________________________

5. _______________________________________


Lesson 2

Screen 7 of 27

The American Red Cross recommends a five and five approach to deliver first aid to choking

victims. This approach includes delivering five back blows and five abdominal thrusts.

Five (5) steps to treating a choking victim:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Give up to five (5) abdominal thrusts. Place a clenched fist between the naval and the

bottom of the breast bone and pull inwards and upwards. Check the mouth quickly

after each thrust. If the obstruction does not clear after three cycles of back blows and

abdominal thrusts, dial your local emergency services for an ambulance.

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2

Screen 8 of 27

Three (3) steps to performing abdominal thrusts on yourself:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 2

Screen 8 of 27

Three (3) steps to clearing the airway of an unconscious person

1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2

Screen 8 of 27

Three (3) steps to performing abdominal thrusts on someone else:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2

Screen 8 of 27

Three (3) steps to performing abdominal thrusts on a pregnant woman or obese person:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2

Screen 11 of 27

Three (3) steps to performing rescue breathing:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 2

Screen 11 of 27

Four (4) steps to performing chest compressions:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 2

Screen 17 of 27

Four (4) steps to performing CPR on an adult:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. Check for normal breathing, take no more than five (5) or ten (10) seconds: look for

chest motion, listen for breath sounds, and feel for the person’s breath on your cheek

and ear. Gasping is not considered normal breathing. If the person isn’t breathing

normally and you are trained in CPR, begin mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing and

proceed directly to chest compressions to restore circulation.


Lesson 2

Screen 20 of 27

The illustrated emergency device is called an _______________________________________.

Lesson 2

Screen 21 of 27

Eight (8) steps to using an AED:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

7. ____________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2

Screen 22 of 27

Some of the precautions to follow when using an AED:

____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 2

Screen 23 of 27

If a patient has a pacemaker that is noticeable under his or her skin, where do you place the

pads of an AED?

____________________________________________________________________________

How old must a child be before using an adult type AED on his or her? ________________

If a person is wearing a medication patch, what do you do the patch and area where the patch is

attached before using an AED?

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3: Bleeding

Lesson 3

Screen 5 of 40

Three (3) types of bleeding:

____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 6 of 40

Six (6) steps to controlling external bleeding:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

REMEMBER: Serious injuries do not always bleed heavily and some relatively minor injuries bleed quite a lot.


5. _____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 7 of 40

The pressure point to press and hold for a victim with a

wound to his or her lower leg (circle it):

The pressure point to press and hold for a victim with a

wound to his or her temple or scalp (circle it):


Lesson 3

Screen 11 of 40

The type of wound shown is:

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 14 of 40

Nine (9) steps to controlling bleeding from a major wound:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

9. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 15 of 40

Nine (9) steps to treating an open abdominal wound:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

9. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 16 of 40

Seven (7) steps to treating a minor open wound:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 17 of 40

Seven (7) steps to treating a puncture wound:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 21 of 40

Five (5) steps to treating an impaled object wound without any signs of a sucking chest wound.

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 21 of 40

Five (5) steps to treating an impaled object wound with signs of a sucking chest wound.

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 22 of 40

Eleven (11) steps to treating an amputation wound.

1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________

9. _____________________________________________________________________

10. _____________________________________________________________________

11. _____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 23 of 40

Six (6) steps to treating a head injury without any signs of a skull fracture:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 23 of 40

Seven (7) steps to treating a head injury with signs of a skull fracture:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 3

Screen 27 of 40

Four (4) steps to treating bleeding from the external ear:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 28 of 40

Seven (7) steps to treating an injury with bleeding from the nose:


1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 29 of 40

Five (5) steps to treating an injury with bleeding from the mouth:


1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 30 of 40

Five (5) steps to treating a victim whose tooth has been knocked out:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 34 of 40

Four (4) steps to treating a victim with a simple closed wound (bruising):

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 35 of 40

Six (6) steps to treating a victim with internal abdominal bleeding:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3

Screen 36 of 40

Five (5) steps to treating a victim with a pelvic injury:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 4: Fractures, Sprains, and Strains

Lesson 4

Screen 5 of 22

Open and closed fractures:

With an ____________________ fracture there is an open wound at the fracture site,

and bone may protrude through the wound. Bleeding can be severe with fractures of

large bones, and organs may be injured. With a ____________________ fracture, the

skin is not broken.

Lesson 4

Screen 6 of 22

Nine (9) signs and symptoms of fractures:

1.

Snapping

4. 7.

2. 5.

Grating

8.

3. 6. 9.

Pain


Lesson 4

Screen 7 of 22

Attending to a victim with a fracture:

1. ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

2. DO NOT attempt to move the victim if you suspect head, back, or neck injury; if

there’s a visible deformity of bone; or if the victim cannot be splinted or transported

without causing more pain.

3. Suspect back or neck injury if the victim is unconscious or has head injury, neck pain,

or tingling in arms or legs. If neck or back injury suspected, DO NOT move the victim

unless necessary to save victim’s life such as a threat of fire.

4. Immobilize and support affected bone in position found. DO NOT try to push

protruding bone back into body or let victim move or use affected area.

5. Control any bleeding through direct pressure or by using pressure points, but DO NOT

elevate the affected area.

6. ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

7. Immobilize injured area, and, if no open wound present, apply ice pack wrapped in

clean cloth.

8. ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 4

Screen 8 of 22

Examples of items that can be used to create a splint:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 4

Screen 12 of 22

Five (5) steps to treating a sprain:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 4

Screen 13 of 22

Five (5) steps to treating a dislocation:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 4

Screen 16 of 22

Five (5) steps to treating a strained muscle:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Lesson 4

Screen 18 of 22

Three (3) steps to treating muscle cramps:

1. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 5: Burns

Lesson 5

Screen 5 of 24

Four (4) types of burns:

_____________________________________________

____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________


Lesson 5

Screen 6 of 24

Three (3) degrees of burns:

_________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

Lesson 5

Screen 9 of 24

Four (4) causes of first-degree burns:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 5

Screen 10 of 24

Five (5) steps to treating a first-degree burn:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 5

Screen 13 of 24

Five (5) causes of second-degree burns:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 5

Screen 14 of 24

Four (4) steps to treating a second-degree burn:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 5

Screen 17 of 24

Four (4) causes of third-degree burns:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 5

Screen 18 of 24

Seven (7) steps to treating a third-degree burn:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________

6. ______________________________________________________________________

7. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 5

Screen 55 of 24

Six (6) steps to treating a second-degree chemical burn:


1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________

6. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 5

Screen 20 of 24

Seven (7) steps to treating a third-degree electrical burn:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________

6. ______________________________________________________________________

7. ______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 5

Screen 18 of 24

Thirteen (13) steps to treating a third-degree burn:

1. Call ____________.

2. If a person’s clothes are burning, do not let them run. Running can fan the flames so they

rise to the person’s face. Smother the flames with a blanket, rugs, or jacket while rolling

him or her on the ____________.

3. Remove any clothing or ____________ from area to prevent constricting as area swells.

4. Do not remove clothing that ____________ to the burned area.

5. Do not apply ice water, lotions, ointments, sprays, or home ____________.

6. Immerse the burned area in cold water or apply cold compresses ____________ to bring

body temperature back to normal. Leaving the burned area in cold water too long can lead

to cooling down the body too much.

7. In extensive burns, check for signs of ____________.

8. If the person is in ____________, be cure you have called for medical help. Do not move

the person unless you have to. The victim should be lying down. Unless the victim has

breathing difficulties or pain, raise his or her feet. Cover the victim with a blanket to

conserve body heat. Keep them as calm as possible.


9. Loosely wrap the person in a clean sheet if the burned area is extensive. Otherwise, apply

dry, loose ____________.

10. Raise a burned arm or leg higher than the person’s heart. However, keep the head and

shoulders raised slightly if the person is burned on the neck or face or is having trouble

____________.

11. If the person is conscious and not ____________ and medical help is more than two hours

away, give him or her small sips of water or clear juice.

12. If the victim is in shock, however, and asks for water, moisten their lips but do not allow

them to drink. Do not give the person ____________.

13. Monitor ____________.

Lesson 6: Poisons

Lesson 6

Screen 5 of 27

Five (5) signs of poisoning:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 6

Screen 10 of 27

Four (4) ways poison can enter a body:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 6

Screen 5 of 27

Phone number to Poison Control Center in the United States:

______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 6

Screen 11 of 27

Four (4) steps to treating a victim who is conscious and who has swallowed poison:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. Give as much information as possible about the swallowed poison.

Lesson 6

Screen 11 of 27

Three (3)steps to treating a victim who is unconscious and who has swallowed poison:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. Be prepared to give chest compression and to perform recue breathing if necessary.

3. ______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 6

Screen 13 of 27

Four (4) steps to treating a victim who has inhaled poison:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 6

Screen 14 of 27

Four (4) steps to treating a victim who has absorbed poison:


1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 6

Screen 19 of 27

Types of poisonous plants:

__________________

____________________

____________________

Lesson 6

Screen 19 of 27

The irritating substance that is an oily resin in poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac is

________________________________.

Lesson 6

Screen 21 of 27

Four (4) ways to become affected by poison ivy:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 6

Screen 22 of 27

Four (4) ways to avoid or limit the irritating effects of touching or brushing against poisonous

plants:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 6

Screen 23 of 27

When to seek medical attention after being affected by a toxic plant:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 7: Heat Injuries

Lesson 7

Screen 6 of 17

Four (4) things you can do to reduce risk of heat injury:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 7

Screen 9 of 17

Heat stroke is _________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Heat exhaustion is _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Heat cramps are _______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Sunburn is ___________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 7

Screen 9 of 17

The treatment for heat stroke is to _________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________


The treatment for heat exhaustion is to _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

The treatment for heat cramps is to ________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

The treatment for sunburn is to ___________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 7

Screen 10 of 17

Four (4) steps to treating heat cramps:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 7

Screen 11 of 17

Three (3) steps to treating heat exhaustion:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 7

Screen 13 of 17

Six (6) steps to treating heat stroke:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________

6. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 8: Cold Weather Injuries

Lesson 8

Screen 6 of 16

Five (5) factors that can contribute to cold-weather injuries:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 8

Screen 10 of 16

Snow blindness is ______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Hypothermia is ________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Dehydration is ________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Immersion foot (trench foot) is ___________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Chilblain is ___________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Frostbite is ___________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________


Lesson 8

Screen 11 of 16

Six (6) steps to treating frostbite:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. If possible, submerge the effected area in water. Fill a shallow container with enough

water to cover the frostbitten body part. Make sure the water is at room temperature.

The water does not have to be cool, but it cannot be too warm. The warmer the water,

the worse the pain.

6. Immerse the injured area. Ensure that the skin does not come in contact with anything!

Repeat these steps by refreshing the water as it cools until the skin is back to a normal

color and texture. This may take several hours depending on the severity of the injury.


Lesson 8

Screen 12 of 16

Six (6) steps to treating hypothermia:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. Use heat packs to warm the patient or other means such as using body heat by laying

next to the victim. Do not allow the packs to touch naked skin.

6. Victims who are alert may drink warm liquids, however, do not give any drinks

containing alcohol, caffeine, or give a drink that is too hot.


Lesson 9: Bites, Stings, and Poisonous Hazards

Lesson 9

Screen 5 of 30

Signs and symptoms of an insect bite result from the injection of venom

or other substances into your skin. The venom triggers an allergic

reaction. The severity of your reaction depends on your sensitivity to the

insect venom or substance.

Four (4) sings and symptoms of a severe reaction:

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Screen 6 of 30

Five (5) steps to treating mild reactions to bites, stings, and poisonous hazards:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

4. Apply hydrocortisone cream (0.5 percent or 1 percent), calamine lotions or a baking

soda paste – with a ration of three (3) teaspoons baking soda to 1 teaspoon water – to

the bite or sting several times a day until symptoms subside.

5. Take an antihistamine containing diphenhydramine (Benadryl, Tylenol Severe Allergy)

or chlorpheniramine maleate (Chlor-Trimeton, Actifed).

Lesson 9

Screen 8 of 30

Six (6) steps to treating severe reactions to bites, stings, and poisonous hazards:


1. Check for special medications that the person might be carrying, such as an auto-

injector of epinephrine (for example, EpiPen). Use as directed – usually by pressing the

auto-injector against the person’s thigh and holding it in place for several seconds.

Massage the injection site for 10 seconds to enhance absorption.

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________

6. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Screen 12 of 30

The venom of a ___________________ is neurotoxin and may produce symptoms such

as stomach and muscle cramps, breathing difficulties, nausea, sweating, vomiting, and

convulsions. In some cases, venom can affect the heart and may digest tissue producing

a severe local wound.

The venom of a ___________________ can produce severe tissue damage around the

bite (possibly leading to gangrene.

The stings of a ___________________ can cause nausea, fever, stomach cramps, and

possible convulsions and shock.

The venom of a ___________________ is neurotoxin and may cause stomach and

muscle cramps, breathing difficulties, nausea, sweating, vomiting, and convulsions.

Lesson 9

Screen 13 of 30

The best method to remove a tick is to use __________________________________________.


Lesson 9

Screen 13 of 30

Four (4) steps to treat a tick bite:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Screen 14 of 30

Three (3) types of snake venom:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Screen 15 of 30

Nine (9) signs of snake bite:

1. Puncture, marks on skin may be visible, but the following may take from 15 minutes

to 2 hours to develop.

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________

8. Tightness in the chest and difficulty breathing.

9. _____________________________________________________________________


Lesson 9

Screen 16 of 30

Three (3) steps to treating a snake bite:

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Screen 20 of 30

Types of poisonous plants:

__________________

____________________

____________________


Lesson 9

Screen 21 of 30

The irritating substance that is an oily resin in poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac is

________________________________.

Lesson 9

Screen 22 of 30

Four (4) ways to become affected by poison ivy:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Screen 23 of 30

Four (4) ways to avoid or limit the irritating effects of touching or brushing against poisonous

plants:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________


Lesson 9

Screen 24 of 30

When to seek medical attention after being affected by a toxic plant:

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Screen 25 of 30

A severe allergic reaction is called _______________________________ and it can cause

shock and life-threatening respiratory distress and circulatory collapse.

If you've had an anaphylactic reaction in the past, make sure you have an

_______________________________ pill in your first aid kit.

You can self-administer epinephrine with an auto-injector, such as the

_______________________________.


Name: ____________________________________ Date:____________

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING: FIRST AID

1. From start to finish, place the five steps to treating shock in order.

__________ If the victim is unresponsive (with no suspected spinal injury), place the victim in the

recovery position.

__________ Check ABCs and care for life-threatening injuries.

__________ Try to maintain the victim’s normal body temperature. If lying on the ground, put a coat or

blanket under the victim. If in doubt, keep the victim warm with a blanket or coat.

__________ Call 9-1-1.

__________ Have the victim lie on his or her back and raise their legs about 8 to 12 inches (unless the

victim may have a spinal injury). Loosen any tight clothing

2. Match each term with its definition.

__________ Stroke

__________ Cardiac arrest

__________ Abdominal thrusts

__________ Rescue breathing

__________ CPR

__________ AED

A. An upward push to the abdomen given to clear the airway of

a person with a complete airway obstruction; procedure used

to expel an object lodged in the airway of a chocking victim.

B. A device used to treat a patient with cardiac arrest whose

heart is beating irregularly.

C. The sudden stoppage of the heart.

D. An emergency method to keep blood and oxygen flowing

through a person whose heart and breathing has stopped.

E. The act of forcing air into and out of the lungs of a person by

another person.

F. A reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain.


3. Are the following true or false?

____________ You should not attempt to move a victim is you suspect head, back, or neck injury.

____________ You should never attempt to move a victim is you suspect head, back, or neck injury.

____________ Ipecac syrup induces vomiting and is used for every type of poisoning.

____________ Activated charcoal is given to absorb certain types of poison after ingestion has occurred.

It is not recommended for home use.

____________ Injected poisons are usually the result of bites or stings from insects, spiders, scorpions,

bees, ticks, snakes, and some marine life.

____________ Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac are examples of toxic plants that may cause a

severe allergic reaction to some people.

4. Match the heat injury to the temperature.

_____________ Extremely Hot

_____________ Very Hot

_____________ Hot

_____________ Very warm

A. Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure

B. Heat cramps/exhaustion likely

C. Heat stroke imminent

D. Heat stroke/cramps/exhaustion possible with prolonged

exposure, exercise


5. Match the heat injury to the treatment.

_____________ Heat stroke

_____________ Heat exhaustion

_____________ Heat cramps

_____________ Sunburn

A. Take shower using soap to remove oils that may block

pores, which can prevent the body from cooling naturally.

Apply dry, sterile dressing to any blisters and get medical

attention if sunburn is severe.

B. Get victim to cooler location. Lightly stretch and gently

massage affected muscles to relieve spasms. Give sips of

up to a half glass of water every 15 minutes. (Do not give

liquids with caffeine or alcohol.) Discontinue liquids if

victim is nauseated.

C. Get victim to lie down in a cool place. Loosen or remove

clothing. Apply cool, wet clothes. Fan or move victim to

air conditioned place. Give sips of water if victim is

conscious; half glass of cool water every 15 minutes. Be

sure water is consumed slowly. Discontinue water if

victim is nauseous. Seek immediate medical attention if

vomiting occurs.

D. Call 9-1-1, or get victim to hospital immediately. Move

victim to cooler environment. Remove clothing. Try a

cool bath, sponging, or wet sheet to reduce body

temperature. Watch for breathing problems. Use extreme

caution. Use fans and air conditioner.

6. Match the cause to the type of cold weather injury.

____________ Snow blindness

____________ Hypothermia

____________ Dehydration

____________ Immersion foot

____________ Chilblain

____________ Frostbite

A. Depletion of body fluids.

B. Exposure of unprotected eyes to the UV rays in bright

sunlight reflected from snow or ice.

C. Prolonged exposure of feet to wet conditions at

temperatures between 32OF and 50

OF.

D. Prolonged cold exposure and body heat loss. May occur

well above freezing, especially when a person is

immersed in water.

E. Freezing of tissue, normally due to exposure below 32OF.

F. Repeated exposure of skin to temperatures from 20OF to

50OF (those who are not acclimated to the cold).


7. After surveying the scene, what is next step in administering first aid?

A. Surveying the injured person

B. Stopping the bleeding

C. Applying a neck brace

D. Checking the temperature of the injured person

8. Give chest compressions in CPR to an adult at a rate of _________ compressions per minute.

A. 60

B. 100

C. 120

D. 80

9. Read the following paragraph and decide which of the options is correct. When an abdominal wound

has exposed internal organs, cover the abdomen loosely with clean dressing. Do not force the organs

back into the body cavity. Do not give victims with abdominal wounds any food or water.

A. Delete ''or water.''

B. Replace ''Do not force'' with ''If necessary, force.''

C. Replace ''loosely'' with ''tightly''

D. Do not make any changes. The paragraph is correct.

10. What is an open fracture?

A. A break of a bone joint.

B. One in which the two sides of the break do not touch each other.

C. A break with two or more fractures of the same bone.

D. One in which the sharp edges of the bone cut through the skin.

11. If a victim has swallowed poison and is unconscious but breathing normally:

A. Offer sips of water.

B. Cover the victim's mouth and nose with a wet handkerchief.

C. Place in the lateral position.

D. Place them into the recovery position.

12. Why is excessive intake of salt bad for the body?

A. Salt is not a natural product and is therefore bad for you.

B. Salt causes the body to excrete water, in turn decreasing blood pressure.

C. Salt causes the body to retain unnecessary water, in turn increasing blood pressure.

D. It makes you thirsty.

13. Which of the following is a symptom of anaphylaxis?

A. Loss of consciousness

B. Swelling of tongue; inability to swallow

C. Hives

D. All of the choices


14. In which situation(s) do you have the consent of a victim to give first aid?

A. An unresponsive adult

B. A child whose parents/guardians are not present

C. An adult who nods when you ask if you can help

D. All of the choices

15. Rescue breathing is given to adults at a rate of one breath every _______ seconds.

A. 3

B. 5

C. 10

D. 2

16. What degree of burn is caused by electric shock?

A. Second

B. First

C. All of the choices

D. Third

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