fire safety by alicia civile and alexandra fernandez final case study

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Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

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Page 1: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

Fire SafetyBy Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez

FINAL CASE STUDY

Page 2: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

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FIRE SAFETY / TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 COVER PAGE

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

3 DESIGN AND SAFETY OBJECTIVES

4 PROVISIONS AND COMPONENTS

5 -10 SYSTEM OVERVIEW

11 RELATED SYSTEMS

12 SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS

13 -14 HYPOTHESIS

15 STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS

16 REFERENCES

T A

B L

E O

F C

O N

T E

N T

S

Page 3: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / OBJECTIVES

When a building is designed to resist the start and spread of a fire, designers protect the building itself, it’s contents, and more importantly the lives of people who occupy the building. To react safely to a fire emergency, a building occupant needs early warning, the means to extinguish a small fire, and at least two ways out of the building.

The design of a building may help, or may lead to a dead end, trapping its occupants.

In order or importance: •protection of life • protection of property• continuity of operation

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

SAFETY OBJECTIVES

Figure 1: fire safety objectives chart ( Rolf Jensen & Associates, Inc. (RJA), 2010)

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Page 4: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / PROVISIONS & COMPONENTS

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

Should be identifiable and useful to all users in the Chapman building : • alarms• barriers• dampers• fire-rated doors• evacuation plan• extinguishing systems

FIRE SAFETY COMPONENTS

FIRE SAFETY PROVISIONS

• code provisions for evacuation, and escape routes• protecting the structure when a fire occurs• fire barriers/compartments• areas of refuge• horizontal exits• vertical openings• doors and windows• fire dampers and draft stops• occupant load• means of egress• exit access, signs, passageways• smoke barriers, dilution , exhaust systems• standard tests of building construction and materials

“THE FIRE TRIANGLE”

Figure 2-9: fire safety system component.(Jessup Manufacturing Company 2009)

Figure 10: fire triangle chart (East Coast Training Solutions, 2010)

Three things must be present at the same time in order to produce fire:1) enough oxygen to sustain combustion2) enough heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature3) some sort of fuel or combustible materialResult: the chemical reaction that is fire

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Page 5: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / SYSTEM OVERVIEW

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

Figure 11 : fire system overview chart, (Siemens, 2010)

Cerebrus pro fire safety system

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Page 6: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / SYSTEM OVERVIEW

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Page 7: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Figure 20

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Page 8: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / SYSTEM OVERVIEW

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Page 9: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / SYSTEM OVERVIEW

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Page 10: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / SYSTEM OVERVIEW

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Page 11: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / RELATED SYSTEMS

•Fire inhibiting structure•Ceiling height•Fire rated walls•Stairwells: area of refuge•Doors: width, fire rated•Egress

WATER SYSTEM

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

• Sprinkler system, water supply

“THE FIRE TRIANGLE”

Figure 38

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM •Emergency Lights•Audio: alarms

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Figure 34

Figure 36Figure 35

Figure 37

Page 12: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

•Fire inhibiting structure•Ceiling height•Fire rated walls•Stairwells: area of refuge•Doors: width, fire rated•Egress

FUTURE SOLUTIONS

EXISTING SOLUTIONS

• Materials that do not off-gas when ignited•Dry-walls•Paints with low VOC’s•Furniture•Textiles•Flooring materials

•Using alternatives to HALON 1301 •IG-541•HFC-227

Earthwise Fire Safety Solutions

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Figure 39: Fire rated wall section (Mcgraw hill, 2007)Figure 40

Figure 41 Figure 42 Figure 43

Figure 44

("Consumer reports magazine:," 2009)

Page 13: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / HYPOTHESIS

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

USER: ADMINISTRATIVEH: Administrative staff members are not aware of how to escape the Chapman building in case of a fire.

Disproved: Most administrative members are confident in their escape route

H: Administrative members on the 2nd floor of the Commons Hall are satisfied with the amount of exit stairs in case of a fire.

Disproved: They were confident in the amount of exit stairs, just not with the amount time it takes to reach them.

H: Administrative members, on both floors, are worried that in the case of an emergency they only have access to escape on one side of the building.

Proved: Most members agreed there should be access on both sides of the building.

H: Maintenance staff members are concerned that they would be the last to know if there were a fire. They wonder if there are adequate alarm systems and if they will be notified as quickly as everyone else.

Disproved: Maintenance staff is confident that the fire safety systems will work in case of a fire.

USER: MAINTENANCE

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Page 14: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / HYPOTHESIS

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

USER: STUDENTSH: Students feel that the auditoriums should have more exit routes.

Disproved: All students seemed content with the number of exits from the auditorium.

H: Students are troubled about the vestibule that they need to cross in order to escape outside.

Inconclusive: For this question the results varied; the students that agreed with the question, had a concern about the size of the doors, amount of doors which need to be passed, size of the space, and the number of students exiting.

H: Students feel there should be an additional exterior stairwell somewhere near the middle of the arcade.

Disproved. Most students were satisfied with the number of stairwells, but not the stairwell properties. Some said stairwells should be wider and that the slanted stairwell would be a problem in an emergency. Others answered that another one would decrease time taken to go downstairs, which would ultimately help in case of an emergency.

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Page 15: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

STRENGTHS •Availability of buildingAvailability of building drawings•Users present on a daily basis for interviews•Maintenance building tours•Interviews with staff and maintenance•Interviews with students

LIMITATIONS

The study illustrated the process required to make a conclusive case study. All the mandatory steps, preparations and setbacks were noted. The building and it fire safety systems were studied along with their affect on the user. The buildings composition of systems and their relevance to each other were also noted. Fire safety systems were analyzed and their components examined according to their effect on the user. The fire safety components are functioning appropriately, and if not only need minor modifications. It is evident that the designers of the Chapman building had fire safety in mind, and did a satisfactory job.

•Students seemed disinterested in interviews, and did not fully consider interview questions•Interview questions could have been revised •Lack of system specific tours

CONCLUSIONS

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Figure 45

Page 16: Fire Safety By Alicia Civile and Alexandra Fernandez FINAL CASE STUDY

FIRE SAFETY / REFERENCES

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

Figure 1: Fire middle east. Retrieved from http://www.firemiddleeastmagazine.com/pages/issue_4_feature1.aspxRolf Jensen & Associates, Inc. (RJA), Initials. (2010). Retrieved

Figure 2-9: Jessup Manufacturing Company, (2009). Jessup globrite. Retrieved from http://www.globritesystem.com/safety.php

Figure 10:East Coast Training Solutions, . (2010). Fire safety awareness course. Retrieved from http://www.ec-ts.ie/courses/fire_safety_awarness.html

Figure 11: Siemens, . (2010). Cerberus pro fire safety system – enjoy protecting . Retrieved from http://www.buildingtechnologies.siemens.com/bt/global/en/firesafety/fire-detection/cerberus-pro-fire-safety-system/syste,-overview/Pages/system-overview.aspx

Figure 12-38, 40: Alexandra Fernandez, Alicia Civile. 2010. Chapman Building

Figure 39: Mcgraw hill, . (2007). mcgraw hill construction continuing education. Retrieved from http://continuingeducation.construction.com/article_print.php?L=18&C=219

Figure 41-43 : Consumer reports magazine: march 2009. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine-archive/march-2009/home-garden/interior-paints/green-certification-labels/interior-paints-green-labels.htm

Figure 44: Earthwise fire safety. (2010). Retrieved from http://earthwisefiresafety.com/

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