FIRE SAFETY MANUAL

Prepared by Shri Ashish Jain, SO/C, E & ISS

Reviewed by Shri S. Kandasamy, SO/E, E &ISS

Approved by Dr. K. K. Satpathy, Head, E &ISS

CONTENT

1. About IGCAR

2. List of IGCAR building

i. Buildings and groups

3. Organization structure

i. E&ISS Department

ii. List of ISCC members

iii. List of FIRE coordinators

iv. List of Key people while Emergency situation.

4. Risk Scenario at IGCAR

5. Overview Potential hazardous activities and hazardous occupancy classifications

i. Key Hazards associated with various buildings at IGCAR

ii. Key Classifications

1. National building code

2. Tariff advisory committee

6. IGCAR Layout

7. Anticipated emergency scenarios

i. Hazards

ii. Incidents

iii. Impacts

8. Fire safety in IGCAR buildings

9. Fire Prevention

10. Fire Science

i. Fire Classifications

1. Classes and Fire Nature

2. (Smoldering Fire, BLEVE, Electrical Arc Fire, Fire Ball, Jet Fire,

Other Fire Sources, Metal fire, Pool Fire, Smoldering Fire, Sodium

Fire)

11. Fire Chemistry

i. Fire Chain Reaction

ii. Heat (Flash Point, Fire Point, Auto Ignition Temperature, Fire Point)

iii. Fuel and Oxygen ( LEL/ UEL)

12. Fire Extinguishment Methods

13. Statutory Guidelines

14. TAC Requirement

i. Hand Appliance requirement

ii. No. of Fire Extingusher

15. DAE / AERB requirement

16. Fire Extinguishers (First-AID fire Fighting appliances)

Extinguisher Locations Guidelines

17. Types of Fire Extinguishes and Operation mechanism

a. Learn How to operate fire Extinguisher

18. Be aware of Risks in Area.

a. Fire Extinguisher Maintenance

19. IGCAR Fire Protection Facilities

20. Water based Fire Protection

i. Water Storage facility for IGCAR

ii. Fire Hydrant system

iii. IGCAR Fire Water Pumping facility and philosophy

21. Fire Alarm System

i. Buildings and Plants.

22. Emergency AID at IGCAR

i. SCBA set

ii. Fire Station and rescue Unit

iii. Mutual AID

iv. Medical and Transport Facilities.

23. Handling an Emergency Fire Situation

24. Building Fire

i. Fire and Explosion in Labs

ii. Relevant FIRE Specification and codes

25. Fire and Rescue Emergency Reponses

26. Objective

27. Anticipating Level of emergency

28. Emergency Actions

CHAPTER – 1 :

ABOUT IGCAR

IGCAR was established in the year 1971, under the Department of Atomic Energy,

Government of India.

The centre is engaged in broad based multidisciplinary programe of scientific research and

advanced engineering directed towards the development of Fast Breeder Reactor technology.

Fast Breeder Test Reactor based on unique mixed Plutonium Uranium Carbide fuel, First

of its kind in the world and KAMINI Reactor, the only operating Reactor in the World using U233

fuel are successfully operated.

The design of 500 Mwe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor is completed and the construction

is in progress.

The centre has staff strength of 2480 including 1034 Engineers and Scientists.

LIST OF IGCAR BUILDING

BUILDINGS AND GROUPS

[IGCAR Groups]

Fast Reactor Technology Group

Reactor Engineering Group

Reactor Operation & Maintenance Group

Metallurgy and Materials Group

Materials Science Group

Safety Group

Electronics & Instrumentation Group

Chemistry Group

Reprocessing Group

Engineering Services Group

[IGCAR Buildings]

FBTR REACTOR

TURBINE BUILDING SERVICE BUILDING

CONTROL BUILDING

ACTIVE BUILDING

COOLING TOWER FBTR

RADIO METALLURGY LAB.

STACK FBTR /RML

DELAY TANK RML

MAINTENANCE BUILDING

RAW WATER STORAGE TANK

DELAY TANK

RML - EXTENSION

SWITCH YARD

CENTRAL WATER CHILLING PLANT

COOLING TOWER CWCP

SUMP AND OVER HEAD TANK

ADDITIONAL COOLING TOWER

FILTER HOUSE RCL

RADIO CHEMISTRY LAB.

UNDERGROUND WASTE VAULT FRDL

FILTER HOUSE FRDL

FILTER REPROCESSING DEVELOPMENT LAB.

DELAY TANK FRDL

UNDER GROUND WATER STORAGE TANK

COOLING TOWER FRDL

SERVICE BUILDING FRDL

STACK FRDL / RCL

OIL STORAGE FRDL

ENGINEERING LAB

OFFICE CENTRAL WORKSHOP

COVERED SHED

SECURITY CENTRAL STORE

UNDER GROUND SUMP

OVER HEAD WATER TANK

CENTRAL STORES

COMPUTER STORAGE

OFFICE CENTRAL STORE

COMPUTER CENTRE

GENERAL SERVICE BUILDING

LIBRARY SEMINAR HALL ETC GS BUILDING

CENTRAL CAFETERIA

CENTRAL DESIGN OFFICE

ESG MAINTENANCE BUILDING

REACTOR ENGINEERING BUILDING

HIRAM LABORATORY

INSTRUMENTATION LAB.

ADDITIONAL LAB. PHASE -II

PARTICLE IRRADIATION FACILITY

ENGINEERING HALL - II

SUBSTATION

MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT LABORATORY

MATERIAL SCIENCE LAB.

SEWAGE LIFT STATION

WATER AND STEAM CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

HEALTH AND SAFETY LAB.

SAFETY RESEARCH LAB.

INFLAMMABLE STORES

SECURITY OFFICE FBTR

MATERIAL PREPARATION FACILITIES MSL

CWMF

MSL PHASE - II

FIRE STATION

ENGINEERING HALL III

M D L PHASE – II (INSOT)

SWITCH GEAR BUILDING

PFBR STORES BUILDING

STORE AND RECORD BUILDING

D G SET FOR GS BUILDING

CHLORINATION PLANT FOR FBTR

GUARD HOUSE FOR FRDL

WEIGH BRIEDGE

CAR PARKING NEAR CDO

CIVIL MAINTENANCE BUILDING

OFFICE BUILDING FOR STEEL YARD

THORIUM STORAGE STORE BUILDING

SM LAB

ISOBEN

CMPL

VIBRATION LAB

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE BUILDING

SGTG

SOUTH CAFETERIA

RDL - PH- II

FBTR - ANNEXE

QUEST

M A F

AERB - SRI

CWCP EXT.

RGAS

MASL - EXT.

BANK AND PARKING

ADMIN - ACCOUNTS BUILDING

COMP DVN - EXTN BUILDING

SML EXTN

BARC (F) EA KARP. CJS CANTEEN

CDO EXTENSIONS EAST & WEST SIDE

HASL EXT.

SRL EXT.

MTD

RCL EXT

INTERIUM STORAGE BUILDING

CNC ROOM NR. CENTRAL WORK SHOP

QUEST BUILDING EXT.

BLOWER ROOM

ADDTNL, PUMP HOUSE.

LIST OF ISCC MEMBERS

1. DR K. K. SATPATHY HEAD, E&ISS/SG

2. SHRI M. L. JAYALAL EIG / CD

3. DR S. RAJENDRAN PILLAI CSTD / MCG 22090,

4. DR S. MURUGESAN PMD/ MGC 22137 , 22635

5. SHRI B. ANANDAPADMANABAN / SWAMINATHAN P R / R NARASIMHAN/

SADASHIVAM QAIS / ROMG 26316/26205/26320

6. SHRI S. KUMERASAN PIRD / ITG

7. SHRI RAJSEKHAR QAD / ESG 23399,

8. SHRI I. B. NOUSHAD SGTF/ FRTG 2112,

9. SHRI V. C. VARGHEESE BP&PM / ESG 22049/22359

10. SHRI R. J. PAUL SURENDRANATH ESG / CED 22960,

11. SHRI GEORGE JOSEPH RSD 23314

12. SHRI K. I. AYYAPPAN DPS / STORES 22434,

13. SHRI K. V. S. PILLAI DPS / STORES

14. SHRI P. SIVARAMAN CWD / ESG 22117/ 22396,

15. DR SITARAM DASH MMG / MSD 22538/22514,

16. SHRI K. GNANASEKAR MMG / MSD

17. SHRI D. RAJAGOPALAN ADMN & ACCT 22180,

18. DR V. CHANDRAMOULI FCHD / CG 24145,

19. SMT T. SUGUNA/ ML JAYALAL EID / EIG 22566,

20. SHRI E. THANIGAIVEL GSO / AUTO, 22807

21. SHRI P. K. CHOURASIA MMG / IDEAS, 23374/23376

22. SHRI R. E. M. JEBARAJ MMG / FRFCF 22822/22877

23. SHRI C. RAGHAVENDRAN NEG / SML 22612,

24. SHRI E. BALU FRPD / RPG

25. SHRI B. K. SHARMA CST / FRTG 2268/22553,

26. SHRI S. KANDASAMY E&ISS / SG

27. SHRI S. BHASKAR E&ISS / SG

31 SUGUNA T EID/ EIG 22657,

Please refer Annexure for ‘List of FIRE coordinators’ and ‘List of Key

people while Emergency situation’.

CHAPTER – 2:

RISK SCENARIO AT IGCAR

IGCAR complex has buildings having various occupancies for Nuclear Reactors,

engineering operations, laboratories (Engineering, Chemical and Physics), Material

handling and storage, research, academic and administrative activates.

Major Accident Hazard Facilities:

Operational facilities, which have the potential to cause a major accident

due to stored volumes of hazardous or toxic materials or activities carried out on

the site, are classed as major Accident Facilities. This will include high-pressure

transmission pipelines, conveying hazardous materials, Nuclear Reactors.

Overview Potential hazardous activities and hazardous occupancy classifications

Key Hazards associated with various buildings at IGCAR

Potentially hazardous work activities / operations are

� Hot work in process area

� Sodium Handling

� Chemical Handling in laboratories.

� Hydro testing and Pneumatic testing

� Working at height

� Material handling

� Using lifting equipments

� Hot tapping

� Loading/Unloading of active materials.

� Transportation of active materials.

� Land blasting.

� Excavation

� Radiography

� Commissioning activities.

� Working near electrical installation

� Working near object that may move/slide

� Confined space entry / Boiler cleaning / Repair Jobs

� Gas charging and Handling Flammable gases.

� N2 purging

SOME ANTICIPATED EMERGENCY SCENARIOS

Some of the anticipated Fire emergency scenarios are

1) Fire in reactor building / Fire in Turbine building and other miscellaneous buildings-

a. Due to oil vapour leakage

b. Due to electrical equipment overheating / sparking etc.

c. Due to other causes like welding spark etc.

d. Due to H2 leakage from generator seal (Explosion).

2) Metal and Metal dust fire (Na, Al, Ti, Zr, Mg and it’s alloy)

a. Due to presence of suitable source of ignition.

3) Fire in Buildings / labs.

a. Fire in solvent

b. Electrical fire/ A/C fire / Computer fire

c. Fire in Oven / Heaters.

d. Paper fire.

4) Fire in HOT cell / Glove Boxes.

5) Fire in radioactive areas.

6) Fire in Non-radiation areas

7) Fire in Scrap materials / Dumping ground / dry vegetation areas.

8) Fire In ammonia storage area/ LPG storage at canteens and other labs.

9) Explosion due to leakage of synthesis gas.

10) Fire in substation

a. Circuit breaker / Bus breaker cubical fire

b. Transformers (oil based)

c. Generators

d. Cables

e. Switch gear and distribution equipments

11) Boiler room Fire

Etc……

Any of these hazards is mentioned as an *Incident* in the subsequent write-up.

� Fire

� Explosion

� Building collapse

� Spills of flammable liquids

� Release of toxic substances

� Exposure to ionizing radiation

� Loss of electrical power

� Loss of water supply

� Loss of communications

� Natural hazards such as Flood or Severe storm.

The Impacts of these incidents could be:

� Escalation of events

(For example, chemical spill escalate to fire or, fire after an explosion)

� Evacuation

� Casualties

� Damage to ware house building

� Loss of vital records/documents

� Damage to equipment

� Disruption of work

KEY RISK CLASSIFICATIONS

For detailed risk Classification and fire control guidelines please refer National

building code (Chapter – 04) and Tariff advisory committee (Fire Protection

Manual). Also DAE Guidelines (Fire Protection for Nuclear power plant)

In brief, as per ‘National building code’,

All the buildings may be classified on based-on following occupancy:

All buildings whether existing or hereafter erected shall classify according to the

use of the character of the occupancy; in one of the following groups:

GROUP A Residential

GROUP B Educational

GROUP C Institutional

GROUP D Assembly

GROUP E Business

GROUP F Mercantile

GROUP G Industrial

GROUP H Storage

GROUP I Hazardous

Also as per ‘Tariff advisory committee’, based on risk occupancy minimum fire

protection facilities may be calculated.

For example apart from various other classifications, IGCAR research building comes

under Medium Hazardous building categories:

“Dwellings, Places of worships, Libraries, Museums, Schools, Colleges, Hospitals

including X-ray and other Diagnostic clinics, Office premises, Meeting Rooms,

Auditoriums, Planetarium, Mess Houses, Clubs, Marriage Halls, Showrooms and display

centres where goods are kept for display and no sales are carried out, Educational and

Research Institutes imparting training in various crafts, Lodging/Boarding Houses,

Cycle Shed and Dish Antenna, Indoor stadiums.”

IGCAR Layout

For getting a brief risk overview of IGCAR complex with colored zoning, Please refer

Annexure for IGCAR Layout.

CHAPTER – 3

FIRE SAFETY IN IGCAR BUILDINGS

FIRE PREVENTION

FIRE SCIENCE

Fire Classifications

As per TAC classification:

Class A

Combustibles: Fires in Ordinary combustibles (Wood, Vegetable fibres, rubber, plastics, Paper

and the likes).

Class B

Combustibles: Fires in flammable liquids, paints, grease, solvents and the likes.

Class C

Combustibles: Fires in Gaseous substances under pressure and liquefied gases.

Class D

Combustibles: Fires in reactive chemicals, Active metals and the likes.

N.B - *WHERE THE ENERGISED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS ARE INVOLVED IN A FIRE, THE NON-

CONDUCTIVITY OF THE EXTINGUISING MEDIA IS OF UTMOST IMPORTANCE AND ONLY EXTINGUISHERS

EXPELLING DRY POWDER OR CARBON-DI-OXIDE (WITHOUT METAL HORN) SHOULD BE USED. ONCE THE

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IS DE-ENERGISED EXTINGUISHERS SUITABLE FOR CLASS A, B AND C, MAY BE

USED SAFELY.*

NATURE OF FIRE

• Solid Flammables :

Properties:

• Heating or calorific value (GCV),

• Moisture content

• Volatile matter

• Ash

Nature of Fire :

[Smoldering Fire]

[Other Fire Sources]

Flammable Liquids

Density (Approx. g/cc at 150C)

Flash Point (0C)

Pour Point (0C)

G.C.V. (Kcal/kg)

Sediment, % Wt. Max.

Sulphur Total, % Wt. Max.

Water Content, % Vol. Max.

Ash % Wt. Max.

[Pool fire - low pressure liquids]

[BLEVE]

[Other Fire Sources]

Gaseous Fire

Fuel Gas Relative Density Higher Heating Value kCal/Nm3 Air/Fuel ratio

m3/m3 Flame Temp oC Flame speed m/s

[Jet fire -gas at high pressure]

[Fire Ball]

Metal Fire

[Sodium Fire]

[Other metal fire]

FIRE CHEMISTRY

Combustion: rapid oxidation of a fuel

Complete combustion: total oxidation of fuel (adequate supply of oxygen needed)

Air: 20.9% oxygen, 79% nitrogen and other

Nitrogen: (a) reduces the combustion efficiency (b) forms NOx at high temperatures

Carbon forms (a) CO2 (b) CO resulting in less heat production

• Control the 3 Ts to optimize combustion:

1T) Temperature

2T) Turbulence

3T) Time

OXYGEN IS THE KEY TO COMBUSTION

Fire: Fire is self propagatory voluntary chain reaction.

Fire Chain Reaction:-

(Heat (Flash Point, Fire Point, Auto Ignition Temperature, Fire Point) + Fuel + Oxygen (LEL/ UEL) = FIRE)

Flammability :-

If liquid is below flash point (Tempt) it will not be possible to ignite the mixture of

vapour and air above it, the flash point gives the best measures of flammability.

Note :- In series of organic compounds, the flash point increases as the number of carbon

atoms in the formula increases.

There are concentrations of vapour in air between which the mixture can be ignited.

100% Vapour

Upper explosive limit too rich

Combustion possible

Lower explosive limit

0% Vapour too lean

Some specific examples are shown.

Flammable limits in Air of some materials

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---

Substances Lower Limit Upper Limit

Vol/Vol% Vo1/Vo1%

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---

Pentane 1.5 7.8

Hexane 1.2 7.5

Heptane 1.2 6.7

Acrylonitrile 3.1 17.0

Toluene 1.27 7.0

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---

Factors affecting the flammable range :-

(1) Increase in temperature increase the flammable range.

(2) Increase in pressure above one atmosphere may or may not affect the flammable range

but substantial decreases in pressure almost always narrow it.

(3) The amount of available oxygen can considerably after the range, increasing oxygen

content and dening the range.

Fire Hazards of Metals

Sodium Metal:

DANGER! FLAMMABLE SOLID. CORROSIVE. WATER REACTIVE. CATCHES

FIRE IF EXPOSED TO AIR. HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED. HARMFUL IF

INHALED OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CONTACT MAY CAUSE BURNS TO ALL

BODY TISSUE.

Fire:

Autoignition temperature: > 115C (> 239F)

Flammable solid, water reactive. Can react vigorously with water, steam, acids to release

flammable/explosive hydrogen. Dangerous in presence of oxidants. May ignite spontaneously in

moist air or oxygen. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished.

( Autoigintion temperature given in dry air.)

Explosion:

Reactions with water forms sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas which may explode. Burns

violently accompanied by explosions which cause spattering of the molten material.

Fire Extinguishing Media:

Use dry soda ash, dry salt, sand, graphite powder or metal-fire-extinguishing dry powder such as

Met-L-X®. Do not use water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or chlorinated fire

extinguishers.

Special Information:

In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing

apparatus with full facepiece operated in the pressure demand or other positive pressure mode.

Characteristics of Sodium Fire

Sodium Fire:

Sodium reacts exothermically with water: small pea-sized pieces will bounce across the

surface of the water until they are consumed by it, whereas large pieces will explode. While

sodium reacts with water at room temperature, the sodium piece melts with the heat of the

reaction to form a sphere, if the reacting sodium piece is large enough. The reaction with water

produces very caustic sodium hydroxide (lye) and highly flammable hydrogen gas. These are

extreme hazards (see Precautions section below). When burned in air, sodium forms sodium

peroxide Na2O2, or with limited oxygen, the oxide Na2O (unlike lithium, the nitride is not

formed). If burned in oxygen under pressure, sodium superoxide NaO2 will be produced.

In the event of sodium leakage in the air filled enclosures of FBRs, the liquid sodium can undergo

combustion in the form of column, spray, drop and pools depending of the leakage conditions. Sodium fire is a

complex manifestation of exothermically runaway oxidation of sodium metal by oxidizing components of air such

as oxygen, moisture and carbon-di-oxide. The sodium combustion is always accompanied with production of heat,

light, smoke and flame. The severity of consequences of sodium fire depends on the degree of dispersion, sodium-

to-air ratio, the heat transport properties of container and its contents. The spray fires are more severe than pool

fires. Sodium flame height is an order of magnitude lower than that of liquid organic fuel (LOF) allowing close

approach for active fire fighting. Ignition, combustion and self-extinction behaviour of liquid sodium differs

drastically from those of the conventional LOF. Liquid sodium pool cannot be ignited with the help of the electric

spark. Hence it does not have flash point like LOF. The ignition temperature of sodium pool is sensitive to moisture

content of air and hence varies from 1800C to 350 �C unlike the LOF. Heat release rate of liquid sodium pool is 15

times lower than that of LOF. But smoke production rate from sodium is extremely high due to which visibility is

reduced in closed room. Experimental and theoritical studies are planned to be carried out in the large scale facility

under construction.

Handling and Storage

Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area. Protect against physical

damage. Keep away from water or locations where water may be needed for fire. Avoid high

temperatures. Store under nitrogen or kerosene. Never store under halogenated hydrocarbons. A

detached fire-resistive building is recommended for quantity storage. Isolate from air, acids, and

oxidizing materials. Isolate from incompatible substances. Containers of this material may be

hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (dust, solids); observe all warnings and

precautions listed for the product.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Light, silvery-white metal.

Odor: Odorless.

Solubility: Decomposes violently in water.

Density: 0.968 @ 20C / 4C.

pH: Water solution alkaline (pH > 7).

% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F): 0

Boiling Point: 881.4C (1618F)

Melting Point: 97.8C (208F)

Vapor Density (Air=1): 0.003 @ 900C.

Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): 1.2 @ 400C (752F)

Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1): No information found.

Metal Dust Fire:

Almost all metal dust (Except – Noble metals, Copper, Nickel, impure iron) will explode when

dispersed as a cloud in air if suitable source of ignition is present.

As per flammability of metal powders – Zr, Mg, & it’s allowys aAl, Ti are most hazardous.

Usually this type of fire occurs at Scraps and become source of fire due to fraction

/ spark. Fire may occur due to environmental effect on various pyrophoric metal get reacted with

Oxygen / water / moisture and create an exothermic reaction.

Major fire problems are arises while combustible metals are processed in machine shop

and foundries.

Combustion :- Nearly all metals will burn in air under certain conditions.

(I) Some oxidize rapidly in the presence of air or moisture, generating sufficient heat to

reach their ignition temperatures.

(ii) Others oxidize so slowly that heat generated during oxidation is dissipated before the

metal becomes hot enough to ignite.

(iii) Certain metals e.g. calcium, Hafnium, Lithium, Uranium, Zinc and Gironium are referred

to as combustible metals because of fine particles or molten metal.

Factors while evaluation combustibility :-

(I) Particle size, (ii) Shapes,

(iii) Quantity & (iv) Alloy are important factors.

Metals subjected to be most reactive when in finely divided form and some may require

shipment and storage under inert gas of liquid to reduce fire risk.

STATUTORY GUIDELINES

( MINIMUM FIRE PROTECTION REQUIRMENT )

TAC Requirement

Hand Appliance requirement

Class A

Combustibles: Fires in Ordinary combustibles (Wood, Vegetable fibres,

rubber, plastics, Paper and the likes).

Hand Appliances: Gas expelled Water and Antifreeze type extinguishers

and Water Buckets.

Class B

Combustibles: Fires in flammable liquids, paints, grease, solvents and the

likes.

Hand Appliances: Chemical Extin-guishers of Carbon dioxide type and

Dry Powder type and Sand Buckets.

Class C

Combustibles: Fires in Gaseous substances under pressure and liquefied gases.

Hand Appliances: Chemical Extin-guishers of Carbon di oxide and Dry

Powder type.

Class D

Combustibles: Fires in reactive chemicals, Active metals and the likes.

Hand Appliances: Special type of Dry Powder, Extin-guishers and sand

buckets

No. of Fire Extinguisher calculation method for building as per TAC guideline:

Example - The following example will illustrate the method of determining the

number of fire extinguishers required to give adequate protection for a given

property.

Risk: Light Engineering Workshop (Light Hazard).

Area: 315 m x 112 m. i.e. 35,300 sq. m.

Types of Fires:

i) Class `A' fire due to normal combustibles.

ii) Class `B' fire due to existence of Spray Painting process and storage of

flammable liquids.

Number of appliances:

i) Basic Protection -

353 Buckets and

59 Water type Extinguishers OR

90 Water types Extinguishers, if buckets are dispensed with.

For Class ‘B’ fires 2 Water type Extinguishers are replaced by 2 Dry Powder

Extinguishers.

iii) For electrical equipments 6 Dry Powder Extinguisher are provided. Thus the

final number of Extinguishers is:

Water type 88

Dry Powder type 08

Total 96

IGCAR FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES

AN OVERVIEW

1) Fire Extinguishers (First-AID fire Fighting appliances)

IGCAR buildings are well equipped with adequate type of Fire Extinguishers.

IGCAR building posses four types of Fire Extinguishers

[Water Type (with CO2 Cartridge actuator) and Water Type (Nitrogen pressured)]

[Dry Chemical Powder type (Sodium Carbonate Type)]

[Chemical Foam type]

[CO2 type]

[Fire Extinguisher maintenance] Guidelines as per IS 2190:

Methods of operation

Extinguishing media

Colour coding

Methods of application

Testing

Note: For Fire Extinguisher detail description and IGCAR Inventory please refer

Annexure.

2) Locations of Fire Extinguisher in IGCAR:

In IGCAR following philosophy has been adopted for fire Extinguishers placement

1) In every building near doors of building, identified as fire point for locating fire

Extinguishers.

2) Every lab has its own suitable fire extinguishers near to door.

3) CO2 and DCP type fire Extinguishers are placed near Electrical Panel room / Air

conditioner Unit of every building.

4) Placing of extinguisher are visible and approachable manner in all the corridors of

buildings.

Types of Fire Extinguishes and Operation mechanism (Please refer annexure for Pictorial

guidelines)

3) In case of Fire:

Raise the Alarm

Choose the correct extinguisher

Test the extinguisher first

Approach from a safe area

Walk . . . don’t run

Keep safe line of retreat

Don’t be over confident

Recharge after use.

4) Be aware of Risks in Area.

Use right extinguisher (See Annexure table), Solid, liquid or Gaseous

Flammables, Metal dust, Electrical Fires.

Fire Extinguisher Maintenance (IS 2190)

Guidelines for ensuring healthiness of Fire Extinguishers.

IGCAR FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES

Water based Fire Protection

Water Storage facility for IGCAR

IGCAR complex has water-storage pond which is managed by

independent unit and usage is shared by other units as like MAIPS, CARP and

WIP etc. .

IGCAR complex has more than ‘4 hours’ fire fighting water storage

capacity for the entire major hazardous units.

Fire Hydrant system

IGCAR has Dry Fire-Hydrant system. In case of Fire it is get charged

with water in coordination of Fire service of IGCAR/ MAIPS.

Plan of Fire Hydrant points and SV’s is given in plan (See

Annexure).

IGCAR Fire Water Pumping facility and philosophy

IGCAR is has pumping facility along with water pond and no jockey

pump is installed for IGCAR (as Dry Hydrant line). (see Annexure for Pump

capacity details)

Fire Alarm System

Some of the critical building and processes are protected with Fire

alarm system as like FBTR control room, FBTR Sodium process units, Homi-

Bhabha Building.

Some of the classifications of detection systems are as:

1. Heat Detectors : a) Spot (Point) types;

b) Line (Continuous) types.

2. Smoke Detectors : a) Light Sensitive types

b) Ionisation types.

3. Radiation Detectors : a) Infrared types

b) Ultraviolet types.

EMERGENCY AID AT IGCAR

Fire Station and rescue Unit

IGCAR consist of various Fire Hazard Prone buildings and facilities, High rise building like

Homi-bhabha Building and buildings upto 3 floor at 15 meter height and GSO residential buildings.

For these building rescue and fire fighting is done by our Fire service department located near

MAIPS and IGCAR boundary.

IGCAR Fire station is equipped with

Manpower for Fire Fighting and rescue: Round the clock (24 Hr) availability of Fire Crew

(05 fire man + 01 operator) and One Leading Fire Man.

Fire tenders – 02 numbers

(Water capacity – 3600 lit each and foam capacity 100 lit each)

Fire / rescue Jeep – 01 nos.

Communication set (Walky-talky): - 06

Foam storage 500 lites

Trailer Pump – 02 Numbers

SCBA – 10 nos.

CO2 extinguishers – 20 nos.

DCP powder – 500 kg.

Rescue tools – Rope / jacks / ladders etc.

HANDLING AN EMERGENCY FIRE SITUATION

Scenario: Building Fire (Fire and Explosion in Labs)

Fire and Rescue Emergency Reponses (Objective)?

Mutual AID?

Medical and Transport Facilities and SCBA sets?

Relevant FIRE order ?

Anticipating Level of emergency?

Emergency Actions plan / Fire Order for buildings?

The End