fingerprint presentation
DESCRIPTION
Complete description about fingerprint concept. It will be useful to you.TRANSCRIPT
FINGERPRINT:FINGER BIOMETRICS
by
Rajasekaran.T
INTRODUCTION
Fingerprinting was first created by Dr. Henry Fault, a British surgeon in 1882.
It based on “KEY”.
Fingerprint Patterns
Arch- The ridges enter from one side of the finger, rise in the centre forming an arc, and then exit the other side of the finger. Loop-The ridges enter from one side of a finger, form a curve, and then exit on that same side. Whorl-Ridges form circularly around a central point on the finger.
Arch Loop Whorl
Sales
LoopwhorlArch
The human population has fingerprints in the following percentages:
Loop – 65% Whorl -- 30% Arch -- 5%
population
LoopWhorlArch
Whorl1.Double Loop
Whorl.
2.Plan whorl.
3.Central.
pocket Loop whorl.
4.Accidental whorl.
Loop1.Uinar Loop.
2.Radial Loop.
Arch1.Plain Arch.
2.Tented Arch.
Different Identification on Fingerprint
Crossover: two ridges cross each otherCore: centreBifurcation: ridge separatesRidge ending: end pointIsland: small ridge b/w two spacesDelta: space between ridgesPore: human pore
Bifurcation Bridge Dot Double bifurcation
Opposed bifurcation
Island (short ridge)
Hook (spur) Lake (enclosure)
Ridge crossing Ridge ending TrifurcationOpposed bifurcation/ridge ending)
Fingerprint matching techniques
There are two categories of fingerprint matching techniques:
1. minutiae-based .2. correlation based.
Minutiae-based techniques first find minutiae points and then map their relative placement on the finger.
The correlation-based method is able to overcome some of the difficulties of the minutiae-based approach.
Two main technologies used to capture image of the fingerprint
Optical sensor – use light refracted through a prism. An optical sensor based reader uses light to read and acquire fingerprint images. Optical sensors can be affected by a number of real life factors such as stray light, surface contamination or even prior fingerprint impressions present on the sensor surface. Hence it is essential to clean the fingerprint reader glass on a regular basis for optimal performance.
Capacitive sensor – detect voltage changes in skin between ridges and valleys. Capacitive sensors use electric current to sense a fingerprint and capture the image. As sensors apply a small voltage to the finger, a real fingerprint is required rather than a visual impression of it. This technique makes the fingerprint reader more reliable as it becomes harder to fake enrolment.
Image Processing
Capture the fingerprint images and process them through a series of image processing algorithms to obtain a clear unambiguous skeletal image of the original gray tone impression, clarifying smudged areas, removing extraneous artifacts and healing most scars, cuts and breaks.
Bio-Link SDK
Advantage of Fingerprint:
a. Very high accuracy.b. Is the most economical biometric PC user authentication technique.c. Easy to use.d. Small storage space required for the biometric template, reducing the size of the database memory requirede. It is standardized.
Disadvantage of Fingerprint:
a. For some people it is very intrusive, because is still related to criminal identification.
b. It can make mistakes with the dryness or dirty of the finger’s skin, as well as with the age (is not appropriate with children, because the size of their fingerprint changes quickly).
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