finding a geni in a cccastle

FINDing a GENI in a CCCastleReinventing the Internet (and More) – January 2007Ellen W. Zegura

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My role in GENI

1. Member of GENI Research Coordination Working Group

2. Member of CRA GENI Community Advisory Board (interim body)

3. Member of CCC Interim Council (interim body)

• Thanks to Dave Clark, Peter Freeman, Guru Parulkar, many others for raw material


Outline

• A short story• What is GENI?

– A research program (see FIND)– A “facility” for experimenting at scale

• CCC and other acronyms• Opportunities


Once upon a time…

• There was a research projectARPANET Logical Map, March 1977

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Arpnet-map-march-1977.png


That grew up to be the Internet.

http://www.caida.org/analysis/topology/as_core_network/pics/ascoreApr2005.png


Times changed, and it kept up…

IP

Kazaa VoIP Mail News Video Audio IM U Tube

Applications

TCP SIP UDP RTP

Transport protocols

Ethernet 802.11 SatelliteOpticalPower lines BluetoothATMIP oneverything

HTTP

Everythingon WEB

Modified John Doyle Slide


And everyone (and thing) relied on it.

User

Home Computer

PDA

Telephone

Entertainment Systems

Car

Surveillance and Security(at home, work, or in public)

Building Automation

Banking and

Commerce

Photography

Home Appliances

Games

Inventory/Salestracking

Health/Medical

CommunicationsUser

User

User


Then one day,

• People realized it wasn’t working so well– Lots of spam– Phishing attacks to steal identity and more– Too hard to set up my home network– Can’t tell why it isn’t working– Would you have tele-surgery over the

Internet?– (Why) is Google building their own network?

• And there were things it couldn’t do– “Can you print my dream?” (4 year old

Bethany)


Scientists were heroic (and stymied)• What is the Internet structure?• How does it change and why?• How robust is the Internet?• What happens during a failure event?• What are the properties of Internet

paths?• How do attacks propagate?• What are users doing?


Even experts had to admit:

• “… in the thirty-odd years since its invention, new uses and abuses, …, are pushing the Internet into realms that its original design neither anticipated nor easily accommodates.”

• “Freezing forevermore the current architecture would be bad enough, but in fact the situation is deteriorating. These architectural barnacles—unsightly outcroppings that have affixed themselves to an unmoving architecture— may serve a valuable short-term purpose, but significantly impair the long-term flexibility, reliability, security, and manageability of the Internet.”

Overcoming Barriers to Disruptive Innovation in Networking, NSF Workshop Report, 2005.


Along came the idea of a Future Internet

Kazaa VoIP Mail News Video Audio IM U Tube

Applications

Ethernet 802.11 SatelliteOpticalPower lines BluetoothATM

Future Internet (FI)E2E Networking and Distributed Systems

Modified John Doyle Slide

Link Technologies


Outline


– A research program (see FIND)– A facility/testbed for experimenting at

scale



What is GENI?

• Global Environment for Networking Innovations

• Two parts:– The GENI Research Program, which will

develop and evaluate ideas for the Future Internet

– The GENI Facility, which will provide the instrument for at-scale experimentation


GENI research program

• FIND: U.S. National Science Foundation program to fund research on Future Internet Design (focus on architecture)

• Key areas of concern:– Security and robustness – Mobility of hosts and networks – Control and management – Addressing, naming and (inter-domain)

routing – End-to-end principle vs in-network

processing


Security trends

• Increasing vulnerabilities, viruses, attacks, worms …– 20 new vulnerabilities reported every day– 120,000 known viruses and worms -- 50 new

ones per day– Large scale attacks doubling every year

• Increasing economic cost – Viruses alone => $60B– Worldwide => $105B+

• Some ISPs have more than 90% traffic that is spam

• Identity thefts has emerged as a significant and serious threat

• And more … Source: Spafford Talk


In the Future Internet

• Information disclosure control and integrity– Important and well understood

• High availability -- suitable for even mission critical scenarios

• Balance of privacy and accountability• Usable security for a range of users• Context aware

– Different parts of the world have different requirements

• Appropriate for emerging devices and networks– Mobile wireless and sensor networks, sensors, PDAs, …

Need coherent and comprehensive design


Mobile wireless trends

• 2B+ cell phones • 400M+ cell phones with Internet capability --

rising rapidly• New data devices (blackberry, PDA, iPod) and

services• 240M vehicles on the road -- will soon get

network connectivity with mobility

• Mobile computing and embedded devices to dominate future computing and communication

• Closed vertically integrated networks and services


In the Future Internet

• Seamless integration of networks – Cellular WAN, wireless PAN, LAN and MANs, ad hoc mesh

• Build on current and new radio technologies– 4G, WiMax, .11n, MIMO, cognitive radios, and more to

come

• New protocol capabilities– Cross-layer support, spectrum coordination, discovery,

QoS, multi-hop

• Autonomic, self-*• Secured and privacy protecting

– Over otherwise shared wireless medium

• Accelerate new services and ability to deploy them – location-aware, multimedia, dynamic communities


Snapshot of research challenges

Security andRobustness

Capability:InformationAccess withHighAvailability& Trust

PervasiveComputing wMobility

Capability:Seamless informationaccess anywhere and anytime

BridgingPhysical andCyber space

Capability:Accessinformationabout physical world in real time

RealizePotential ofOpto-Electronics

Capability:Access to Bandwidth-on- Demand with low latency &guarantees

GENI


Outline





GENI facility: motivation

Time

Mat

urity

FoundationsResearch

ResearchPrototypes

Small ScaleTestbeds

Funded by current programs

SharedDeployed

InfrastructureNeed for Large experimental facility/infrastructure

This chasm represents a majorbarrier to impact real world


Link between research and facility

• Goal: Seamless conception-to-deployment process

Analysis Simulation / Emulation Experiment At Scale(Facility)

Deployment

(models) (code)

(results)

(measurements)


Facility goals

• Enable exploration of new network architectures, mechanisms, and distributed system capabilities

• A shared facility that allows: – Concurrent exploration of a broad range of

experimental networks and distributed services– Interconnection among experimental networks &

the commodity Internet– Users and applications able to “opt-in” – Observation, measurement, and recording of

outcomes

• Help develop stronger scientific base


Facility design: key concepts

Slicing, Virtualization, Programmability

Mobile Wireless Network

Edge Site

Sensor Network

Federated Facilities


ScopeApplications ApplicationsApplications Applications

GENI Facility Substrate: Sharable Physical Infrastructure

Backbones

Edge Networks Edge NetworksNumerous Wired, Mobile Wireless, and Sensor Networks

Combination of All optical transport andPacket service networks

Campus/Access Backbone

Campus/AccessBackbone

E2E Architectures and Components

Arc

h A

Arc

h B

Arc

h C

Arch CompY

Arch CompX

Arch CompZ

Ser

vice

A

Ser

vice

B

Ser

vice

C

Dist Sys YDist Sys X Dist Sys Z

Distributed Systems and Services


Details of the Facility

Internet

backbone wavelength

backbone switch

Sensor Network

Edge Site

Wireless Subnet

Customizable Router


Outline





What is the CCC?

• Computing Community Consortium– Solicited by US NSF, “calling for the computing research

community to unite in the establishment of a Computing Community Consortium”

– Serve as “a community proxy responsible for facilitating the conceptualization and design of promising infrastructure-intensive projects identified by the computing research community to address compelling scientific ‘grand challenges’ in computing.”

– Initial responsibility would be “guiding the design of the Global Environment for Network Innovations (GENI) … on behalf of the research community, ensuring broad community participation in the GENI design process and identifying necessary pre-construction development activities.”

• Award made to Computing Research Association (CRA)


And eventually there will be

• CCC Council– Interim group appointed November 2006– Nominations for members due late Jan 2007

• GENI Science Council (GSC)– Interim group appointed October 2006– Nominations for members in November 2006– Initial permanent group to be named soon

• GENI Project Office (GPO)– Solicitation in fall 2007– Award due in spring 2007


Opportunities

• Researchers– Contribute to research vision and agenda– Engage in peer-to-peer collaborations

and conversations about experiments

• Researchers+Government• Industry


International Partnerships Important• Help define facility scope • Build national partner facilities to

complement US GENI facilities and capabilities

• Share facilities with researchers in all partner countries

• Encourage collaborative international research projects and experiments


Industry Partnerships Important

• Help to refine R&D objectives• Become a member in the GENI consortium• Provide leading-edge technology for use in

GENI• Contract (or subcontract) to build the facility• Conduct collaborative research with

universities• Benefits to partnering

– Accelerate the transfer of academic research results to commercial products

– Enable a national/international “proving ground” for new technology


Conclusions

• The future of the Internet is too important to be left to chance or random developments.

• True experimentation is needed.• The GENI project intends to provide

the basic architectures, technologies, and policies that will be needed for successful networking in the 2010-2020 time frame.


More Information

• Visit the GENI web site at:• http://www.nsf.gov/cise/geni/• Visit the CISE Web site at: • http://www.nsf.gov/dir/index.jsp?org=

CISE• Visit the CRA CCC web site at:• http://www.cra.org/ccc

http://www.nsf.gov/cise/geni/

http://www.nsf.gov/dir/index.jsp?org=CISE

http://www.nsf.gov/dir/index.jsp?org=CISE

http://www.cra.org/ccc/participants.html#interimccc

http://www.cra.org/ccc/participants.html#interimccc


Acknowledgments

• The GENI Planning Group– Peterson, Anderson, Blumenthal, Casey, Clark,

Estrin, Evans, McKeown, Raychaudhuri, Reiter, Rexford, Shenker, Vahdat, Wroclawski

• The GENI Working Groups– Research Coordination– Facility Architecture– Backbone– Mobile wireless sensor networks– Distributed services

• Planning grant workshops participants • CISE GENI Team• And others


Backup slides


Fitting parts together

CM

Node substrate

CM

Node substrate

Components

CM

Node substrate

Resource Controller Auditing Archive

Slice Manager

RDS CSPS LSMS

Infrastructure services

. . . and others . . .

Core

nodecontrol

sensordata


Another Important Trend: Networking the Physical World

New Machines

New Environments New Applications

New Scale Billion to trillion devices!


Sensor Networking in Future Internet• Sensor networks challenge Internet architecture

– host-to-host communication, addressing, routing, end-to-end principle, …

Sensor networks require• Aggregate communication

– dissemination, data collection, aggregation

• Communication with data/logical services, not just devices– Data centric as opposed to host centric

• Autonomic– Self-configuration, self-management, self-*

• Sensor networks constraints– Limited resources, intermittent connectivity, mobility, in-

network proc


Photonics Integration TrendsSource: Vinod Khosla

Almost Free OEO!!1.6 Tbps on a chip: 40 x 40

Input Signal Blanking EAM

10ps Delay using deep-etched waveguide

SGDBR Tunable Laser

Flared Input Pre-amp SOAs

Dual SGDBR Signal Booster SOAs

1mm MZI SOAs

Label Rewrite EAM

Packet Switching Buffering in Optical Domain

Source: Dan Blumenthal

High capacity “dynamic” optical networks a certainty


Future Internet and Dynamic Optical Networks

All OpticalTransport Core

Circuit and PacketService Layer

How can Future Internet exploit an optical core that can provide “bandwidth on demand” dynamically with low latency and

guarantees?


In-Network Processing Trends

• Middle boxes: NAT, firewall, IDS, etc.. • WEB caching and content distribution

networks• Network based services: computing,

storage

Internet’s end-to-end principle (a defining attribute) challenged and revisited

finding a geni in a cccastle

Documents

internet structure

future internet design

properties of internet

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