find your seats and take out your notebook. agenda for tuesday march 22 nd 1.matter and mixtures...
DESCRIPTION
Composition of Matter Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space Element – substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances Atom – smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that elementTRANSCRIPT
Find your seats and take out your notebook.
Agenda for Tuesday March 22nd 1.Matter and Mixtures Notes
Composition of Matter• Matter – anything that has mass and takes up
space
• Element – substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances
• Atom – smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
Compounds
• Compound – substance with 2 or more different atoms (elements)
• Molecules – smallest unit of a compound that still maintains the properties of the compound
• Chemical Formulas
Mixtures
• Pure substances – only 1 element or compound
• Mixture – combination of 2 or more substances– Homogenous – contains substances blended evenly
throughout– Heterogeneous – a mixture of different substances
that can easily be distinguished from each other
Homogenous Mixtures
• Solution– homogenous mixtures– small particles, cannot be seen with a microscope– Particles do not settle to the bottom
• Examples– Salt water– Sugar water
Heterogeneous Mixtures
• Suspensions - visible particles will settle – Muddy water
Heterogeneous Mixtures• Colloid = suspension where particles will not
settle out of the mixture on their own– Milk, fog, smoke, gelatin desserts
– Tyndall effect – scattering of light by larger particles
• Emulsion – two immiscible (unblendable) liquids mix together– mayonnaise
Predicting Types of Mixtures
1 substance2 Substances
Pure Substance Mixture
Separates easily/ on its own
Suspension
No visible particles, Looks uniform throughoutWon’t separate by physical means
Solution
Visible particles/cloudy
Colloid
Won’t separate on its own/cloudy
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous Mixture
Homework
• Questions 1 – 8 page 44
• Questions 1-3, 7 on page 231
Define homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
Agenda for Wednesday March 23rd 1.Mixture lab
What is the difference between a compound and an element?
Agenda for Thursday March 24th 1.Solubility Notes2.Solubility Lab
Key Terms• Solute – stuff we want to dissolve
• Solvent – substance in which we dissolve something
• Solubility – maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent– Different for different substances– Depends on pressure & temp
Concentration
• Concentration – amount of a solute dissolved in a given volume of solution– A lot of solute is called concentrated– Little solute is called dilute
Saturation
• Saturated – a solution that can dissolve no more solute– Excess solute visible
• Unsaturated – can dissolve more solute
• Supersaturated – holds more solute than it normally can
Kool – Aid Lab
Define Solvent and Solute
Agenda for Friday March 25th 1.Quiz2.Solubility of Salt lab3.Concept Review
List 2 factors that affect solubility.
Agenda for Monday March 28th 1.Salt Lab2.Physical/Chemical Properties
1. Demos
What is the common name for sodium chloride?
Agenda for Tuesday March 29th 1.Finish Lab2.Physical/Chemical Changes
Properties of Matter
• Physical – characteristic of a material you can manipulate without changing the identity of a substance– shape, size, density, melting point, boiling point, color
• Physical Change - a change in size, shape or state of matter– dissolving
Properties of Matter
• Chemical - characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change– New substances produced– Reactivity, flammability (ability to burn)
• Chemical Change - change of one substance to another– accompanied by heat, light, color, and sound
States of Matter
• Kinetic Theory– All matter is made of atoms and molecules– These particles are always in motion. Higher temp =
faster movement– At same temp., heavier molecules move slower
• 3 different states of matter– Solid, liquid, gas