Cover page - ARM project Synopsis/Report.doc.docx

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B.M.S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Bull Temple Road, Basavanagudi, Bangalore - 560 019, Karnataka, India PROJECT WORK I SYNOPSIS ON PATIENT HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON WSN Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for completion of PROJECT WORK - I [11EC7DCPW1] Submitted by ABHISHEK M PATIL 1BM11EC007GIRISH B V 1BM11EC038SAI CHARAN P 1BM11EC097SHARATH CHANDRA B M 1BM11EC112

PATIENT HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON WSN Health monitoring system is one of most important and practical applications of wireless sensor network (WSN). Even though various health monitoring devices based on WSN are used, they are still quite limited in the sense of mobility and accuracy. In this project a new wearable health monitoring system is proposed, which consists of vital sensor node. Here the accuracy of the measurement of electrocardiogram signal is enhanced, and the sensor node is optimized for the use in WSN. The wearable health monitoring system provides the communication between the wearable sensor nodes and relay nodes in the proximity even during the movement of the user, allowing for real-time monitoring of biometric signals. The overall system is depicted in block diagram and it consists of three components: the wearable vital sensor node, a relay node, and host computer monitoring the user. The wearable vital sensor node measures and processes the ECG signal, removing the noise and transmitting the processed signal. The relay nodes are used to increase the limited communication range of the wearable vital node, and they are installed on the ceiling of the room. Finally, the host PC uses a terminal implemented as a .net application to monitor the measured biometric signal. In our project we are using ZigBee modem for the transmission of data from remote location to personal computer. ZigBee is one of the most popular wireless network technologies in the world. ZigBee wireless network is a new close range, simple, low power, low data rate and low cost technology. It is based on IEEES02.1S.4 standard. Thousands of tiny sensors coordinate with each other to achieve communication. The sensor requires very little energy to relay the data from one sensor to others using radio waves, so such communication is efficient. Currently, ZigBee technologies are widely used in traffic management, control, military technology, urban construction, fire control and rescue, environmental science, heritage protection, food storage, vegetables, biological research, disaster monitoring and other fields.

INTRODUCTION: Health monitoring systems integrated into a telemedicine system are novel information technology that will be able to support early detection of abnormal conditions and prevention of its serious consequences. Many patients can benefit from continuous ambulatory monitoring as a part of a diagnostic procedure, optimal maintenance of a chronic condition or during supervised recovery froman acute event or surgical procedure. Even there are situation that the patients should be monitored continuously for certain parameters. Electrocardiograph is a transthoracic interpretation of the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time, as detected by electrodes attached to the surface of the skin and recorded by a device external to the body. The recording produced by this noninvasive procedure is termed an electrocardiogram (also ECG or EKG). An ECG is used to measure the rate and regularity of heartbeats, as well as the size and position of the chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart, and the effects of drugs or devices used to regulate the heart, such as a pacemaker. Most ECGs are performed for diagnostic or research purposes on human hearts, but may also be performed on animals, usually for diagnosis of heartabnormalities or research. An ECG is a way to measure and diagnose abnormal rhythms of the heart, and helps to diagnose properly particularly abnormal rhythms caused by damage to the conductive tissue that carries electrical signals, or abnormal rhythms caused by electrolyte imbalances. In a myocardial infarction (MI), the ECG can identify if the heart muscle has been damaged in specific areas, though not all areas of the heart are covered. The ECG cannot reliably measure the pumping ability of the heart, for which ultrasound-based (echocardiography) or nuclear medicine tests are used. It is possible for a human or other animal to be in cardiac arrest, but still have a normal ECG signal (a condition known as pulseless electrical activity). The ECG device detects and amplifies the tiny electrical changes on the skin that are caused when the heart muscle depolarizes during each heartbeat. Since these ECG sensors are not portable and too high in cost here we have developed a heartbeat sensor, which is portable and low cost. Using this sensor we can get the number of heart beat and we can also generate ECG.

WORKING PRINCIPLE: Wearable health monitoring systems integrated into a telemedicine system are novel information technology that will be able to support early detection of abnormal conditions and prevention of its serious consequences. Many patients can benefit from continuous ambulatory monitoring as a part of a diagnostic procedure, optimal maintenance of a chronic condition or during supervised recovery from an acute event or surgical procedure. The system consists of the various smart sensors and advance technologies. In this system the wearable device wore by the patient have various smart sensors such as temperature sensor, heart rate sensor etc. that measures the health condition and simultaneously reports the microcontroller. Important limitations for wider acceptance of the existing systems for continuous monitoring are: Unwieldy wires between sensors and a processing unit, Lack of system integration of individual sensors, Interference on a wireless communication channel shared by multiple devices, and Nonexistent support for massive data collection and knowledge discovery. The values extracted by the wearable device is been collected by the microcontroller and these values will be transmitted to the remote PC using ZigBee module. At the remote location (PC) a graph will be made and monitored. HARDWARE REQUIREMENT: MICROCONTROLLER : AT89S52 POWER SUPPLY : 5V-12V SENSORS: TEMPREATURE SENSOR (LM35), HEART RATE SENSOR, etc. ZigBee Device. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT: Embedded C KEIL IDE ADVANTAGES: Reduces the need of Caretakers. Cuts the cost of extra Health Care Services. Integrates a lot of sensors. Reduces the number of data transfer protocol. No wired connections required. Time saving, Continuous and efficient monitoring. DISADVANTAGES: Battery consumption is more due to simultaneous data transfer. APPLICATIONS: Can be used for monitoring an elderly or a disabled person. Architecture can be used to monitor allot of vital signs like pulse rate, temperature etc at a time and all together using same data transfer protocol. Architecture can be expanded to monitor other vital signs like Oxygen saturation or any other interested parameter.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

ZigBee ModuleUSB to Serial