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Final Report Reef Monitoring of the Artificial Reef Gen. Hoyt S Vandenberg

Key West, Florida April 30, 2009 to July 19, 2010

Prepared by Lad Akins, REEF Director of Special Projects

Dr Christy Semmens, REEF Director of Science The Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF)

98300 Overseas Hwy, Key Largo, FL, 33037, (305) 852-‐0030 Completed in Fulfillment of FWC Grant # 08266 for

The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Artificial Reef Program

July 15, 2011

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Final Report REEF Monitoring of Gen Hoyt S Vandenberg

Prepared for submission by the Reef Environmental Education Foundation

July 2011 Background The Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg is a 523’ steel hulled missile tracking ship that was intentionally sunk seven miles off Key West, Florida, on May 27, 2009, to serve as a recreational diving and fishing artificial reef. The ship lies in 140’ of water; at its broadest point the deck is 71’ wide, creating habitat from 45’ to the sandy bottom. The Vandenberg is the largest artificial reef in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and the second largest in the world. The City of Key West, the Artificial Reefs of the Keys (ARK), Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) worked closely to obtain, clean, scuttle and sink the vessel, as well as raise funds for the effort. Prior to the sinking, the Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF) was contracted by the FWC to conduct a study with pre-‐ and post-‐deployment monitoring of the fish assemblages associated with the Vandenberg and adjacent reef areas for a period of one year. This document summarizes that effort. REEF REEF is an international non-‐profit marine conservation organization that runs hands-‐on grassroots activities designed to educate and engage local communities in conservation-‐focused activities. REEF is based in Key Largo, Florida, with a Pacific office in Seattle, Washington. The mission of REEF is to conserve marine ecosystems for their recreational, commercial, and intrinsic value by educating, enlisting and enabling SCUBA divers and other marine enthusiasts to become active stewards and citizen scientists. REEF links the diving community with scientists, resource managers and conservationists through marine-‐life data collection and related activities. REEF coordinates the Volunteer Survey Project, which has trained and involved over 12,000 divers and snorkelers in marine life identification and the collection of useful population and distribution data. This citizen science program has generated one of the largest marine life databases in the world, with over 140,000 surveys conducted to date. REEF’s active surveyors achieve one of five ratings of expertise and the most accomplished of these ratings (level 4/5) are considered experts. Active members holding expert surveyor status make up our Advanced Assessment Team and take part in high level assessments for the State of Florida, National Park Service, NOAA and other international organizations. Monitoring objectives The primary objectives of this effort were to descriptively and comparatively quantify the fish assemblages over time at the Vandenberg and nearby reefs to document change as a result of increased habitat provided by the sinking of the Vandenberg. In 2009, REEF implemented a year-‐long monitoring effort to document fish species presence/absence, sighting frequency, and estimated abundance over time at the Vandenberg site and at seven nearby natural and artificial reef sites (Table 1 and Figure 1). Comparing changes in fish assemblage similarity between sites and over time, documenting progression of recruitment on the ship, and addressing differences in community assemblages were key elements of this effort. Additional efforts to document the occurrence of any non-‐native marine fishes, orange cup coral (Tubastraea coccinea) or titan acorn barnacles (Megabalanus coccopoma) were included to facilitate early detection and rapid response removal efforts. These organisms have been known to colonize artificial structures in other areas of Florida (Schofield et al 2009, USGS NAS database 2010) and are of concern due to potential impacts to native systems.

Methods

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The study employed two methods to quantify fish assemblages; Roving Diver Technique surveys (RDT; Schmitt & Sullivan 1996) and stationery visual counts (Bohnsack and Bannerot, 1986). The RDT is a visual survey method specifically designed to generate a comprehensive species list and sighting frequency and relative abundance estimates. During RDT surveys, divers swim freely throughout a dive site and record every observed fish species. During each survey, divers assign each recorded species one of four log10 abundance categories [single (1); few (2-‐10), many (11-‐100), and abundant (>100)]. The RDT survey methodology is employed by the REEF Volunteer Fish Survey Project, and all survey data are archived in the REEF Marine Life Sightings Database. Following each survey dive, the surveyor enters their species data along with survey time, depth (from dive computers), temperature (from dive computers), and other environmental information, including habitat type, current, and visibility (estimated) into the REEF database via on-‐line data entry. During entry and prior to final uploading, data undergo QC/QA checks including automated and human reviews. Once uploaded into the REEF database, summary data are displayed on the Internet at REEF’s homepage (http://www.REEF.org) by geographic location. In addition to a species list, the following metrics can be calculated from survey data for each site: Sighting Frequency (%SF) = number of surveys reporting species / total number of surveys at that site and Density Score (DEN)= [(nSx1)+(nFx2)+(nMx3)+(nAx4)] / (nS + nF + nM + nA) where n is the number of times each abundance category was assigned and s=single, f=few, m=many and a=abundant (the four categories of abundance recorded during RDT surveys). Using these two metrics, a weighted measure of abundance, Abundance Score, can be calculated as Abundance Score= %SF * DEN These Abundance Scores were used in ranking species for similarity analysis. The RDT method does not include size estimates and so documenting changes in size structure is not be possible from this dataset. To document sizes of fish over time, we conducted stationary visual (SV) surveys on the Vandenberg and at one nearby reference site (Joe’s Tug). During SV surveys the diver is stationery in the middle of an imaginary cylinder with a radius of 7.5m, recording all species present in the cylinder for a period of 5 minutes. Following the 5 minute list compilation, an abundance count and the corresponding minimum, maximum and mean sizes are recorded for each species present in the cylinder area. Additional information on time of day, depth, current, and visibility are recorded. During all surveys, the occurrence of non-‐native marine species (including lionfish; Pterois volitans/miles), titan acorn barnacle (Megabalanus coccopoma), and orange cup coral (Tubastraea coccinea), was recorded and the information was passed to FKNMS staff within 48 hours of the sighting. Each sampling event was conducted by a team of REEF Advanced Assessment Team (AAT) members. The AAT is comprised of REEF surveyors who have achieved a Level 4 or 5 REEF experience level (Expert rating) through testing and a requisite number of diving surveys and have considerable experience and expertise in surveying local fish populations. Eight sites were surveyed during each monitoring event. These included the Vandenberg sinking site, six adjacent natural reefs, and one artificial reef (Table 1). Dives were conducted using scuba from a commercial dive vessel (Dive Key West) with between 5-‐8 divers taking part in each dive. Shallow dive times were standardized to 60 minutes for each diver while deeper dives were standardized to 30 minutes. As per the original monitoring agreement, Vandenberg dives did not exceed 100 fsw nor did they penetrate any part of the inside of the ship. Vandenberg surveys were conducted primarily during swims along the main deck and superstructure. Surveying

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was conducted once prior to deployment in April 2009. Post-‐deployment monitoring began 34 days following deployment and continued quarterly for the following three quarters for a total of five monitoring events. Between five and eight RDT surveys were conducted at each site during each monitoring period (Forty surveys were conducted during the March 2010 event, as opposed to the planned 48, due to diver equalization problems leaving the team one diver short. Eastern Dry Rocks sites also had two other events with only five surveys due to diver health issues and one set of point count data was lost from Joe’s Tug when a diver was boarding the vessel during the November 2009 event.) (Table 2). Table 1

REEF SITE NAME REEF Code DEPTH TYPE LOCATION Western Sambos Deep 34080094 60’-‐100’ Natural 24º 28.66’ N/ -‐81º 42.93’ W Western Sambos Shallow 34080001 15’-‐30’ Natural 24º 28.75’ N/ -‐81º 42.98’ W Joe’s Tug 34080010 40’-‐65’ Artificial 24º 27.83’ N/ -‐81º 44.24’ W Marker 32 Deep 34080095 60’-‐100’ Natural 24º 28.25’ N/ -‐81º 44.72’ W Marker 32 Shallow 34080023 15’-‐30’ Natural 24º 28.34’ N/ -‐81º 44.73’ W Eastern Dry Rocks Deep 34080096 60’-‐100’ Natural 24º 27.45’ N/ -‐81º 50.44’ W Eastern Dry Rocks Shallow 34080008 15’-‐30’ Natural 24º 27.52’ N/ -‐81º 50.67 W Gen. Hoyt S Vandenberg 34080097 40’-‐100’ Artificial 24º 27.60’ N/ -‐81º 44.25’ W

Table 2. RDT and Point Count (PC) survey effort during monitoring events 1-‐5.

4/30-‐5/3,2009 Event1

6/30-‐7/4,2009 Event 2

11/13-‐11/14,2009 Event 3

3/27-‐3/28,2010 Event 4

7/14-‐7/19,2010 Event 5

Vandenberg 6 6+2pc 6+2pc 5+2pc 7+2pc

Joe’s Tug 6+2pc 6+2pc 6+1pc 5+2pc 8+2pc

Western Sambos Deep

6 6 6 5 6

Western Sambos Shallow

7 6 6 5 6

Marker 32 Deep

6 6 6 5 6

Marker 32 Shallow

6 6 6 5 6

Eastern Dry Rocks Deep

6 6 5 5 5

Eastern Dry Rocks Shallow

6 6 5 5 5

Total RDT 49 48 46 40 49

Total PC 2 4 3 4 4

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Site Descriptions The Vandenberg is located on a level sand bottom at a depth of approximately 140’. The seven reference sites were selected in consultation with FWC staff and represent a range of nearby natural and artificial structure (Figure 1 and Table 1)). The closest structure to the Vandenberg is a small patch of hard coral substrate and remnant sunken vessel rubble (Joe’s Tug) located approximately 0.25 miles from the sinking location in a depth of approximately 70’. The nearest substantial reef structures are the natural reef edges at Marker 32 deep and Marker 32 (Topino Buoy), approximately 0.80 miles shoreward of the sinking site. These reefs include a sloping drop-‐off featuring a sediment covered low profile hardbottom with sparse coverings of small hard corals, soft corals such as gorgonians, and sponges and a shallow spur and groove reef featuring high profile coral ridges and Montasrea coral heads separated by narrow sand channels. Located approximately 1.8 miles east of the sinking site are Western Sambos Deep and Western Sambos Shallow (Haystacks buoy). These two sites are similar in depth and structure to the Marker 32 deeper and shallower sites, but differ from all other sites in that they are located inside a no-‐take Ecological Reserve zone of the FKNMS. The furthest study sites from the Vandenberg (6.5 miles West) are Eastern Dry Rocks Deep and Shallow, again featuring a deeper sloping reef similar in depth and structure to the Deep Sambos and Marker 32 site, and a shallow spur and groove site at the West end of Eastern Dry Rocks. Figure 1. Aerial image of survey sites Results and Discussion RDT surveys A total of 218 fish species were identified from all sites within the study area between April 2009 and July 2010. Of these, 59 species were found at all sites and 34 species were sighted at a single site (Appendix 1). Fish species rapidly colonized the Vandenberg following deployment with thirty species documented on the wreck less than a month after it was deployed (Figure 2). During the November 2009 survey, the team documented 52 species and within six months of sinking, 100 different fish species had been documented on REEF surveys at the Vandenberg. Total number of species reported from the ship increased to 123 species by the end of the survey period. When comparing species richness among sites, the shallow sites consistently showed the highest richness during each monitoring event (Fig 2). Cumulatively, the Eastern Dry Rocks Shallow and Western Sambos Shallow sites had the most species reported during the monitoring period with 182 and 157 species, respectively, and the Marker 32 Deep was the lowest with 116 species reported (Appendix 1). A comprehensive list of fish species recorded on the Vandenberg during REEF surveys (both during the coordinated monitoring events and during individual REEF volunteer efforts) is given in Appendix 2A and 2B, respectively.

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Figure 2 Number of fish species reported at each site during each monitoring event

RDT Analysis The software package Primer (by Marti Anderson) was used in calculating statistics and generating MDS ordination plots. The persistence in species present at the Vandenberg (e.g. the similarity of which species were seen during each monitoring event) as measured by the Jaccard Coefficient (J’), gradually increased through time (Figure 3). The Jaccard Coefficient measures similarity between sample sets, and is defined as the size of the intersection divided by the size of the union of the sample sets. In this instance we are measuring the percent similarity in species present between two sites or between two time points at a given site. A J' of 0.7 indicates a 70% overlap in species present between the two samples. Relatively low J’ values between the first few monitoring events reflect the early colonization of the artificial reef. Over time we would expect to see the similarity in species present from one monitoring event to the next increase as the fish community on the ship became more stable. Indeed, the difference between the March 2010 and final July 2010 events show an overlap of close to 0.60 (indicating overlap of 60% in species present from one time period to the next, which approaches the similarity at natural reference sites). To evaluate the persistence in species composition (incorporating both species presence and abundance), Spearman Similarity Coefficient values were calculated based on the rank abundance scores of species with a sighting frequency of at least 10% at each site (Table 4). The similarity in species composition was generally lowest for the three shallow sites and highest at the deeper reference sites. This is likely due to the fact that shallow sites are not only more diverse, but also the habitat more variable than at the deeper sites. Lower similarities exhibited during the June 2009 and March 2010 events (Figure 4) may be due to poor visibility effects on both observers and on fish behaviours (Table 3).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

April 09 July 09 Nov 09 Mar 10 July 10

Vandenberg

Marker 32 deep

Marker 32 Shallow

W Sambo Deep

W Sambo Shallow

EDR Deep

EDR Shallow

Joe's Tug

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Table 3. Estimated visibility across sites and survey periods March 09 June 09 November 09 March 10 July 10 Vandenberg 60 30 45 20 80 Joe’s Tug 40 20 30 15 60 Eastern Dry Rocks 25 15 35 25 25 Eastern Dry Rocks Deep 20 8 35 10 30 Marker 32 20 10 35 10 25 Marker 32 Deep 20 12 30 8 18 Western Sambos 20 10 35 15 15 Western Sambos Deep 20 10 40 8 15 Average Visibility (ft) 28.15 14.37 35.62 13.87 33.5

Figure 3. Change in fish species composition at the Vandenberg through time, as measured by the Jaccard Coefficient of each monitoring event compared with species recorded during the previous monitoring event.

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

July09 Nov09 Mar10 July10

Jaccard Co

efficien

t

Change in Species Composi_on at the Vandenberg Since Deployment

Similarity to Previous Event

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Figure 4. Comparison of fish community similarity between Vandenberg and reference sites.

Table 4. Similarity in species present among monitoring events for each site, measured by percent overlap in species present. Values given are mean Jaccard Coefficient (J') values for all events.

Site J' Eastern Dry Rocks 0.492 Eastern Dry Rocks Deep 0.609 Joe's Tug 0.633 Marker 32 0.640 Marker 32 Deep 0.288 Vandenberg 0.399 Western Sambos 0.553 Western Sambos Deep 0.665

*Value given for the Vandenberg does not include the similarity between monitoring time 1 and 2 (which is 0, due to no species sighted). If that is included, the value would be 0.299.

Ordination plots In order to determine the degree of similarity between the fish species assemblage at the Vandenberg site over time and in comparison to other reference sites, we developed Multi-‐Dimensional Scaling (MDS) ordination plots based on the Gower similarity index using presence/absence and abundance. In Figure 4, Pearson’s correlations show that the earlier Vandenberg surveys were characterized by sand dwelling and pelagic species such as chalk bass, juvenile grunts, blackfin snapper, and amberjack. Subsequently, in later surveys, correlations were driven by angelfishes, parrotfishes, surgeonfishes, and many other reef-‐dwelling species. This figure also shows that individual surveys tend to group together based on survey date, showing a higher degree of similarity between divers during the same event compared to differences between events. This similarity provides support for diver consistency and accuracy in observations. When comparing the Vandenberg to reference sites, the fish communities at the ship were most similar to those at the deep reference sites and the Vandenberg becomes more similar to these sites over time (Figure 5). Figure 5 also shows vectors representing similarity between sites driven by butterflyfish, parrotfish, blennies, and other reef-‐dwelling species.

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

July09 Nov09 Mar10 July10

Spearm

an Correla_on

Coe

ffcien

t Vandenberg Species Assemblage Similarity

Eastern Dry Rocks

Eastern Dry Rocks Deep

Joe's Tug

Marker 32

Marker 32 Deep

Western Sambo

Western Sambos Deep

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Figure 4. Ordination plot of Vandenberg fish assemblage over time. Numbers/symbols represent monitoring events 2-‐5.

Figure 5 Ordination plot of fish assemblages at study sites over time

Stationary Visual Point Count Data During each survey event at the Vandenberg and Joe’s Tug, point count (PC) survey data were gathered by two divers during the beginning of each dive. Following point count surveys divers completed RDT surveys for the remainder of their dives and included PC sightings in their RDT survey data. Surveys were conducted at approximately 80’ on the upper decks of the Vandenberg and at 70’ within 100’ of the mooring at Joe’s Tug. Abundance and size of each fish species was recorded and data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet (attached Appendix 3). Differences between surveys were very high and with only 2-‐3 surveys per event, statistical analysis on this low sample size is unable to determine variation or establish error. For these reasons, these data are included as reference only. Of note in the point count results are the large numbers of individual fish on the Vandenberg during the March and July 2010 surveys (see Table 4) dominated primarily by round scad observed feeding on plankton in the water column above the ship. The larger number of individual fish documented on Joe’s Tug consisted primarily of french and bluestriped grunts and masked gobies.

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Table 5. Point count data representing number of species and number of fish seen in each survey.

04/09 species

04/09 # fish

07/09 species

07/09 # fish

11/09 species

11/09 # fish

03/10 species

03/10 # fish

07/10 species

07/10 # fish

Vandenberg Diver 1 Diver 2 Diver 3

0 0 0

0 0 0

4 6 -‐

70 49 -‐

9 12 7

43 87 93

11 12 -‐

4561 125 -‐

20 14 -‐

699 226 -‐

Joe Tug Diver 1 Diver 2 Diver 3

23 18 23

113 209 315

25 -‐ -‐

228 -‐ -‐

15 30 20

112 99 464

14 16 -‐

213 266 -‐

18 30 -‐

157 423 -‐

Exotic Species Lionfish (Pterois volitans) were the only non-‐native species observed during the project monitoring events. Team members reported lionfish from Joe’s Tug and from Eastern Dry Rocks during events in March and July 2010. These reports were forwarded immediately to the FKNMS. Lionfish were not reported from project surveys at the Vandenberg site. However, both lionfish reports and removals by recreational divers have taken place on the ship since its sinking. Most lionfish reports from the site have come from deeper areas near the bottom of the ship, at depths beyond those included in this monitoring effort, and removals by volunteers have been ongoing in efforts to keep populations down. Conclusion REEF monitored the fish assemblages of the Vandenberg and seven nearby natural and artificial reefs in Key West, Florida, from April 2009, prior to the ship’s sinking, through July 2010. In the 12 months following deployment, fishes began to take residence on the Vandenberg. The total number of species present increased over time, from 30 species documented on the wreck approximately one month after it was sunk to a total of 123 species documented during the entire report period. Notable species such as little tunny, school bass, mackerel scad, king mackerel, almaco jack, and bank butterflyfish were sighted only on the Vandenberg. The overall persistence in species presence on the wreck was relatively low between early monitoring events just following deployment, however, by the end of year one, persistence in species composition increased to levels closer to those of the surrounding natural reefs. Currently, the species composition of the Vandenberg just one year after deployment appears more similar to that of the deeper, natural reefs and least similar to that of the shallow reference sites.

Recommendations for Future Assessments After completing the first year of the Vandenberg assessment, REEF offers two recommendations for continuation of this monitoring program: 1) Increase survey effort on the artificial reef structure itself. Due to the large size of the Vandenberg (500+’) and the depth (~100-‐110’ survey area), it is often impossible to survey the entire deck structure with a six-‐person team on a single dive. Sea conditions, currents, mooring buoy availability, and visibility also conspire to make a single assessment dive that covers the entire wreck untenable. It is recommended that survey effort be doubled on the Vandenberg, covering half the ship on each dive. 2) Increase effort of Stationary Visual surveys. Data resulting from only two point count surveys is not statistically capable of providing any measure of variation. In addition, the area (~350 sq meters) assessed during two point count surveys represents such a small portion of the overall ship structure that placement of the point count

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surveys could widely influence results. It is recommended that at least 6 point counts be conducted on the site at set stations on the wreck to address biomass and size distribution questions.

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Literature Cited Schofield, P.J., J.A. Morris, Jr., L. Akins. 2009b. Field guide to the nonindigenous marine fishes of Florida. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 92, 119pp. U.S. Geological Survey. 2004. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL. http://nas.er.usgs.gov, 5/1/2011.

Bohnsack, J. A., and S. P. Bannerot. 1986. A stationary visual census technique for quantitatively assessing community structure of coral reef fishes. NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 41: National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration, Southeast Science Fisheries Center, Miami, FL. 15 p. Schmitt, E.F. and K.M. Sullivan, 1996. Analysis of a volunteer method for collecting fish presence and abundance in the Florida Keys. Bulletin of Marine Science. 59(2):404-‐416

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Appendix 1. Species sightings across monitoring sites, Green represents sightings at all sites, Yellow represents sightings at only a single site.

Species

Vandenberg Marker 32 Deep

Marker 32 Shallow

Western Sambos Deep

Western Sambos Shallow

EDR Deep

EDR Shallow

Joe's Tug

Almaco Jack x

Atlantic Spadefish x x x Balloonfish x x x Ballyhoo x Banded Butterflyfish x x x x x x x Banded Jawfish x Bandtail Puffer x x x x x Bank Butterflyfish x Bar Jack x x x x x x x x Barred Blenny x Barred Cardinalfish x x x x Barred Hamlet x x x Beaugregory x x x x x x x x Bermuda Chub/Yellow Chub x x x x x x x x Bicolor Damselfish x x x x x x x x Bigeye x Black Grouper x x x x x x x x Blackfin Snapper x x Black Margate x x x x x x x Blackbar Soldierfish x x Blackear Wrasse x x Blue Angelfish x x x x x x x x Blue Chromis x x x x x x x x Blue Dartfish (Blue Goby) x x x x x Blue Hamlet x x x x x x Blue Parrotfish x x x x x x x Blue Runner x x x x x x x Blue Tang x x x x x x x x Bluehead x x x x x x x x Bluelip Parrotfish x x x x x x x Bluestriped Grunt x x x x x x x x Boga x x Bridled burrfish x Bridled Goby x x x x x x x x Brown Chromis x x x x x x x x Bucktooth Parrotfish x x Butter Hamlet x x x x x x x x Caesar Grunt x x x x x x x Cero x x x x x x x x Chalk Bass x x x x x x Cherubfish x x x x Clown Wrasse x x x x x x x

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Cocoa Damselfish x x x x x x x x Colon Goby x x x x x x x Coney x x x x x x Cottonwick x x x x x x Creole Wrasse x x x x x x x x Creole-fish x x x Crevalle Jack x x x Cubera Snapper x x Cubbyu x Dash Goby x x Darkheaded Blenny x x Doctorfish x x x x x x x x Dog Snapper x x x x x Dusky Cardinalfish x Dusky Damselfish x x x x x x x Dusky Jawfish x x x Dusky Squirrelfish x x Emerald Parrotfish x x Flamefish x x x Foureye Butterflyfish x x x x x x x x French Angelfish x x x x x x x x French Grunt x x x x x x x Gag x x x x x Glasseye Snapper x Glassy Sweeper x x x Goldentail Moray x x x x Goldspot Goby x x x x x x x x Goliath Grouper (Jewfish) x x x x x x Gray Angelfish x x x x x x x x Gray Snapper x x x x x x x x Gray Triggerfish x x Graysby x x x x x x x x Great Barracuda x x x x x x x x Greater Amberjack x x x x Greater Soapfish x x x Green Moray x x x x x x Green Razorfish x x x x Greenblotch Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Hamlet - Juvenile x x x x x x Harlequin Bass x x x x x x x x Highhat x x x x x x Hogfish x x x x x x x x Honeycomb Cowfish x x x Horse-Eye Jack x x x Hovering Dartfish (Hovering Goby) x x x Jolthead Porgy x x x x x Juvenile Grunt x x x x x x x x King Mackerel x Knobbed Porgy x x x x x x

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Lancer Dragonet x Lane Snapper x x x x x x x Lantern Bass x x x x Leopard Goby x Little Tunny x Longfin Damselfish x x x x x x x x Longjaw Squirrelfish x x Longsnout Butterflyfish x x Longspine Squirrelfish x x x x x x x Mackerel Scad x Mahogany Snapper x x x x x x x Marbled Blenny x Masked Goby/Glass Goby x x x x x x x x Midnight Parrotfish x x x x x x x Mirrorwing Flyingfish x Mutton Snapper x x x x x x x Nassau Grouper x x x x Neon Goby x x x x x x x Nurse Shark x x x x x x Ocean Surgeonfish x x x x x x x x Ocean Triggerfish x x x x x Orangespotted Filefish x x x Pallid Goby x x x x x x x Papillose Blenny x Permit x x Porcupinefish x x x x Porkfish x x x x x x x x Princess Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Puddingwife x x x x x Pugjaw Wormfish x Purple Reeffish x x x x x x x x Purplemouth Moray x Pygmy Filefish x Queen Angelfish x x x x x x x x Queen Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Queen Triggerfish x Rainbow Parrotfish x x x x x x x Rainbow Runner x x Rainbow Wrasse x Red Grouper x x x Red Hind x x x x x x Red Lionfish (exotic) x x x Redband Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Redeye Triplefin x

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Redlip Blenny x x x Redspotted Hawkfish x x x x Redtail Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Reef Butterflyfish x x x x x x x x Reef Croaker x x x Reef Shark x Reef Squirrelfish x x Rock Beauty x x x x x x x x Rock Hind x x x x x x x Rosy Blenny x x x x Rosy Razorfish x x x Roughhead Blenny x x x x x x x Round Scad x x Rusty Goby x x x Saddled Blenny x x x x x x x x Sand Diver x x Sailfin Blenny x x x Sailors Choice x x x x x x Sand Diver x x x x Sand Tilefish x x Saucereye Porgy x x x x x x x Scamp x x x x School Bass x Schoolmaster x x x x x x x x Scrawled Cowfish x x x x x x x Scrawled Filefish x x x x x x Seaweed Blenny x x x x x x Sergeant Major x x x x x x x Sharksucker x x x x x x x x Sharpnose Puffer x x x x x x x x Shy Hamlet x Silver Porgy x Silversides, Herrings, Anchovies x x Slender Filefish x x x x x x Slippery Dick x x x x x x x x Smallmouth Grunt x x x x x x Smooth Trunkfish x x x x x Southern Stingray x x x Spanish Grunt x x x x x x x x Spanish Hogfish x x x x x x x x Spotfin Butterflyfish x x x x x x x x Spotfin Hogfish x x x x x x Spottail Pinfish x x x Spotted Drum x x x x x Spotted Eagle Ray x Spotted Goatfish x x x x x x x x Spotted Moray x x x x Spotted Scorpionfish x x x x x x Spotted Trunkfish x x x x x x Squirrelfish x x x x x x x

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Starksia Blenny (unidentified) x Stoplight Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Striped Grunt x x Striped Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Sunshinefish x x x x x x x Tan Hamlet x x Tarpon x x x x Threespot Damselfish x x x x x x x x Tiger Grouper x Tobaccofish x x x x x x x Tomtate x x x x x x x x Townsend Angelfish x x x x x Triplefin species x x x x x Trumpetfish x x x x x x x x Twospot Cardinalfish x White Grunt x x x x x x x x White Margate x x x x x Whitespotted Filefish x x x Wrasse Blenny x x x x x Yellow Goatfish x x x x x x x x Yellow Jack x x x x x x Yellow Stingray x Yellowcheek Wrasse x x x Yellowface Pikeblenny x Yellowfin Grouper x x x Yellowfin Mojarra x x Yellowhead Jawfish x x x x x x Yellowhead Wrasse x x x x x x x x Yellowmouth Grouper x x x Yellowtail (Redfin) Parrotfish x x x x x x x x Yellowtail Damselfish x x x x x x x Yellowtail Reeffish x x x x x x Yellowtail Snapper x x x x x x x x

Appendix 2 – Summary of Vandenberg sightings from REEF database, between 4/1/2009 and 7/31/2010; report can also be accessed with this URL-‐ http://www.reef.org/db/reports/geo/TWA/34080097/2009-‐04-‐01/2010-‐07-‐31 Appendix 3 -‐ Spreadsheet of Stationery Visual data

Region:Tropical Western Atlantic

Geographic Zone:Vandenberg (Hoyt Vandenberg Artificial Reef) (34080097)

Start Date:Apr 1 2009

End Date:Jul 31 2010

Species Display:Chart (New)

Show:Common names

Published on Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF) (http://www.reef.org)

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Expert NoviceCode Site SA SO SA SO (H:M)

TWA [3]

3 [4] FLORIDA (East Coast and Keys) 36 0 12 3 23:54

34 [5] KEYS (Key Largo to Key West, including Fla. Bay) 36 0 12 3 23:54

3408 [6] Key West 36 0 12 3 23:54

34080097 [7] Vandenberg (Hoyt Vandenberg Artificial Reef) 36 0 12 3 23:54

TOTALS 36 0 12 3 23:54

Species%SF = Sighting Frequency; DEN = Density Score? [2]

Wrasse Blenny SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Barred Blenny SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Twospot Cardinalfish SF: 2% | DEN: 2

King Mackerel SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Loggerhead Sea Turtle SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Little Tunny SF: 2% | DEN: 3

Bank Butterflyfish SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Longsnout Butterflyfish SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Barred Cardinalfish SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Bermuda Chub/YellowChub

SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Blue Angelfish SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Gray Triggerfish SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Crevalle Jack SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Mahogany Snapper SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Bandtail Puffer SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Ocean Triggerfish SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Colon Goby SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Threespot Damselfish SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Nurse Shark SF: 2% | DEN: 1

Slippery Dick SF: 2% | DEN: 3

Yellow Goatfish SF: 2% | DEN: 2

Clown Wrasse SF: 2% | DEN: 3

Tarpon SF: 2% | DEN: 2

© REEF 2007 | Terms of use | Site design by Ben Weintraub. REEF, PO Box 246, Key Largo, FL33037 | 305-852-0030

Source URL: http://www.reef.org/db/reports/geo/TWA/34080097/2009-04-01/2010-07-31

Links:[1] http://www.reef.org/db/reports/geo[2] http://www.reef.org/programs/volunteersurvey/interpreting[3] http://www.reef.org/db/mydata/TWA[4] http://www.reef.org/db/reports/geo/TWA/3[5] http://www.reef.org/db/reports/geo/TWA/34[6] http://www.reef.org/db/reports/geo/TWA/3408[7] http://www.reef.org/db/reports/geo/TWA/34080097

Joe's Tug May 09 LC

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean235 Atlantic Spadefish30 Banded Butterflyfish 2 12 12 12

133 Bar Jack 1 30 30 3047 Beaugregory

221Bermuda Chub/Yellow Chub 1 30 30 30

48 Bicolor Damselfish 50 6 10 691 Black Grouper

109 Black Margate1 Blue Angelfish 3 30 40 35

42 Blue Chromis 2 10 10 1078 Blue Dartfish (Blue Goby)

120 Blue Hamlet144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 25 3 15 12145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis 2 8 10 9

121 Butter Hamlet 1 10 10 10106 Caesar Grunt142 Cero179 Chalk Bass

2 Cherubfish214 Clown Wrasse49 Cocoa Damselfish80 Colon Goby93 Coney

107 Cottonwick215 Creole Wrasse 1 20 20 20180 Creole-fish55 Cubbyu

205 Doctorfish50 Dusky Damselfish31 Foureye Butterflyfish3 French Angelfish

108 French Grunt94 Gag62 Goldentail Moray81 Goldspot Goby96 Goliath Grouper (Jewfish)4 Gray Angelfish

192 Gray Snapper95 Graysby

Joe's Tug May 09 LC

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean7 Great Barracuda

136 Greater Amberjack234 Greater Soapfish63 Green Moray

147 Greenblotch Parrotfish843 Hamlet - Juvenile181 Harlequin Bass56 Highhat

130 Hogfish25 Honeycomb Cowfish

792 Juvenile Grunt193 Lane Snapper51 Longfin Damselfish

201 Longspine Squirrelfish83 Masked Goby/Glass Goby

148 Midnight Parrotfish195 Mutton Snapper84 Neon Goby

206 Ocean Surgeonfish209 Ocean Triggerfish86 Pallid Goby

166 Porcupinefish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish 1 30 30 30216 Puddingwife44 Purple Reeffish5 Queen Angelfish 1 30 30 30

150 Queen Parrotfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish 5 20 20 20154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish 2 12 12 1258 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty 1 15 15 15

100 Rock Hind336 Roughhead Blenny461 Round Scad19 Saddled Blenny

230 Sand Diver160 Saucereye Porgy196 Schoolmaster26 Scrawled Cowfish70 Scrawled Filefish 1 50 50 5021 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major

Joe's Tug May 09 LC

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean231 Sharksucker167 Sharpnose Puffer71 Slender Filefish

218 Slippery Dick27 Smooth Trunkfish

114 Spanish Grunt131 Spanish Hogfish 1 8 10 934 Spotfin Butterflyfish 2 12 12 12

132 Spotfin Hogfish76 Spotted Goatfish 1 25 25 2528 Spotted Trunkfish

203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish156 Striped Parrotfish 1 25 25 2545 Sunshinefish53 Threespot Damselfish

185 Tobaccofish116 Tomtate592 Townsend Angelfish622 Triplefin species239 Trumpetfish117 White Grunt 1 25 25 2577 Yellow Goatfish

141 Yellow Jack219 Yellowcheek Wrasse228 Yellowhead Jawfish220 Yellowhead Wrasse 2 4 15 9

153Yellowtail (Redfin) Parrotfish

54 Yellowtail Damselfish46 Yellowtail Reeffish

197 Yellowtail Snapper 6 20 30 25

23113

Joe's Tug May 09 PZ

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean235 Atlantic Spadefish30 Banded Butterflyfish

133 Bar Jack47 Beaugregory

221Bermuda Chub/Yellow Chub


109 Black Margate1 Blue Angelfish

42 Blue Chromis78 Blue Dartfish (Blue Goby)

120 Blue Hamlet 1 10 10 10144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 36 6 15 8145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis




205 Doctorfish50 Dusky Damselfish31 Foureye Butterflyfish 1 10 10 103 French Angelfish


192 Gray Snapper95 Graysby 2 20 20 20

Joe's Tug May 09 PZ



147 Greenblotch Parrotfish843 Hamlet - Juvenile181 Harlequin Bass 1 8 8 856 Highhat



201 Longspine Squirrelfish83 Masked Goby/Glass Goby 1 3 3 3


206 Ocean Surgeonfish 2 14 14 14209 Ocean Triggerfish86 Pallid Goby

166 Porcupinefish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish 1 30 30 30216 Puddingwife44 Purple Reeffish5 Queen Angelfish

150 Queen Parrotfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish 6 10 20 10154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish58 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty


230 Sand Diver160 Saucereye Porgy196 Schoolmaster26 Scrawled Cowfish70 Scrawled Filefish 1 50 50 5021 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major

Joe's Tug May 09 PZ

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean231 Sharksucker167 Sharpnose Puffer 3 4 6 471 Slender Filefish


114 Spanish Grunt131 Spanish Hogfish34 Spotfin Butterflyfish


203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish156 Striped Parrotfish 2 10 20 1545 Sunshinefish53 Threespot Damselfish

185 Tobaccofish116 Tomtate592 Townsend Angelfish622 Triplefin species239 Trumpetfish117 White Grunt77 Yellow Goatfish

141 Yellow Jack219 Yellowcheek Wrasse228 Yellowhead Jawfish 20 6 10 8220 Yellowhead Wrasse




# Species 18# Fish 209

Joe's Tug May 09 LA


133 Bar Jack47 Beaugregory 1 6 6 6





120 Blue Hamlet144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 25 3 7 5145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 3 22 24 2223 Boga79 Bridled Goby 2 6 6 643 Brown Chromis 60 8 10 8

121 Butter Hamlet106 Caesar Grunt142 Cero179 Chalk Bass




108 French Grunt 140 15 20 2094 Gag62 Goldentail Moray81 Goldspot Goby96 Goliath Grouper (Jewfish)4 Gray Angelfish


Joe's Tug May 09 LA

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean7 Great Barracuda 1 80 80 80


147 Greenblotch Parrotfish843 Hamlet - Juvenile181 Harlequin Bass 1 1056 Highhat






166 Porcupinefish111 Porkfish 2 24 26 25149 Princess Parrotfish216 Puddingwife44 Purple Reeffish5 Queen Angelfish



230 Sand Diver160 Saucereye Porgy196 Schoolmaster 1 29 29 2926 Scrawled Cowfish70 Scrawled Filefish21 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major 7 14 16 15

Joe's Tug May 09 LA


218 Slippery Dick27 Smooth Trunkfish 1 20 20 20

114 Spanish Grunt131 Spanish Hogfish 1 3 3 334 Spotfin Butterflyfish 2 14 14 14

132 Spotfin Hogfish76 Spotted Goatfish28 Spotted Trunkfish

203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish156 Striped Parrotfish45 Sunshinefish53 Threespot Damselfish




54 Yellowtail Damselfish 1 14 14 1446 Yellowtail Reeffish

197 Yellowtail Snapper


Joe's Tug July 09 LA





109 Black Margate1 Blue Angelfish 1 22 22 22


120 Blue Hamlet144 Blue Parrotfish 1 40 40 40134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 21 5 10 7145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 14 20 25 2223 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis 1 7 7 7


2 Cherubfish214 Clown Wrasse49 Cocoa Damselfish 1 5 5 580 Colon Goby93 Coney




192 Gray Snapper 3 30 30 3095 Graysby










166 Porcupinefish111 Porkfish 1 25 25 25149 Princess Parrotfish 1 18 18 18216 Puddingwife44 Purple Reeffish5 Queen Angelfish

150 Queen Parrotfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish 1 18 18 18154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish 1 10 10 1058 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty

100 Rock Hind 1 30 30 30336 Roughhead Blenny461 Round Scad19 Saddled Blenny







203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish 1 25 25 25156 Striped Parrotfish45 Sunshinefish53 Threespot Damselfish







Vandenberg July 09 PZ

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean449 Almaco Jack30 Banded Butterflyfish

164 Bandtail Puffer594 Bank Butterflyfish133 Bar Jack311 Barred Blenny35 Barred Cardinalfish

118 Barred Hamlet47 Beaugregory

221 Bermuda Chub/Yellow Chub48 Bicolor Damselfish 2 2 3 291 Black Grouper

189 Blackfin Snapper1 Blue Angelfish

42 Blue Chromis 5 1 3 2144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis


2 Cherubfish214 Clown Wrasse49 Cocoa Damselfish80 Colon Goby

107 Cottonwick215 Creole Wrasse180 Creole-fish135 Crevalle Jack190 Cubera Snapper205 Doctorfish50 Dusky Damselfish31 Foureye Butterflyfish3 French Angelfish

108 French Grunt81 Goldspot Goby96 Goliath Grouper (Jewfish)4 Gray Angelfish

192 Gray Snapper208 Gray Triggerfish


Sp # Name # Min Max Mean95 Graysby7 Great Barracuda 1 110 110 110

136 Greater Amberjack147 Greenblotch Parrotfish181 Harlequin Bass130 Hogfish137 Horse-Eye Jack792 Juvenile Grunt473 King Mackerel599 Little Tunny657 Loggerhead Sea Turtle51 Longfin Damselfish32 Longsnout Butterflyfish

457 Mackerel Scad194 Mahogany Snapper83 Masked Goby/Glass Goby

148 Midnight Parrotfish187 Nurse Shark206 Ocean Surgeonfish209 Ocean Triggerfish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish44 Purple Reeffish

394 Pygmy Filefish5 Queen Angelfish

150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish 1 2 2 26 Rock Beauty

461 Round Scad19 Saddled Blenny

112 Sailors Choice101 Scamp539 School Bass196 Schoolmaster70 Scrawled Filefish21 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major

231 Sharksucker167 Sharpnose Puffer232 Silversides, Herrings, Anchovies


Sp # Name # Min Max Mean71 Slender Filefish

218 Slippery Dick113 Smallmouth Grunt114 Spanish Grunt131 Spanish Hogfish34 Spotfin Butterflyfish

132 Spotfin Hogfish59 Spotted Drum76 Spotted Goatfish

178 Spotted Scorpionfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish115 Striped Grunt 60 6 8 7156 Striped Parrotfish45 Sunshinefish

237 Tarpon53 Threespot Damselfish

185 Tobaccofish116 Tomtate239 Trumpetfish40 Twospot Cardinalfish

117 White Grunt110 White Margate339 Wrasse Blenny77 Yellow Goatfish

141 Yellow Jack103 Yellowfin Grouper220 Yellowhead Wrasse104 Yellowmouth Grouper153 Yellowtail (Redfin) Parrotfish46 Yellowtail Reeffish



Vandenberg July 09 LC






42 Blue Chromis144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis







Sp # Name # Min Max Mean95 Graysby7 Great Barracuda





150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish6 Rock Beauty


112 Sailors Choice101 Scamp539 School Bass 20 1 5 3196 Schoolmaster70 Scrawled Filefish21 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major






178 Spotted Scorpionfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish115 Striped Grunt156 Striped Parrotfish45 Sunshinefish


185 Tobaccofish 1 2 2 2116 Tomtate239 Trumpetfish40 Twospot Cardinalfish





Joe's Tug Nov 09 PZ







120 Blue Hamlet 1 7 7 7144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 1 10 10 10213 Bluehead 15 5 8 8145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis



107 Cottonwick215 Creole Wrasse180 Creole-fish55 Cubbyu

205 Doctorfish 1 10 10 1050 Dusky Damselfish31 Foureye Butterflyfish3 French Angelfish 1 15 15 15



Joe's Tug Nov 09 PZ


136 Greater Amberjack 1 30 30 30234 Greater Soapfish63 Green Moray


130 Hogfish 1 20 20 2025 Honeycomb Cowfish





166 Porcupinefish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish216 Puddingwife44 Purple Reeffish5 Queen Angelfish

150 Queen Parrotfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish 1 20 20 20154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish 1 10 10 1058 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty 1 10 10 10


230 Sand Diver160 Saucereye Porgy196 Schoolmaster26 Scrawled Cowfish70 Scrawled Filefish21 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major

Joe's Tug Nov 09 PZ







141 Yellow Jack219 Yellowcheek Wrasse 4 5 10 5228 Yellowhead Jawfish220 Yellowhead Wrasse





Joe's Tug Nov 09 SG

Sp # Name # Min Max Mean235 Atlantic Spadefish30 Banded Butterflyfish 2 16 16 16



48 Bicolor Damselfish 1 10 10 1091 Black Grouper 1 62 62 62

109 Black Margate 2 50 75 621 Blue Angelfish


120 Blue Hamlet144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 30 30 40 4023 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis

121 Butter Hamlet106 Caesar Grunt142 Cero 1 65 65 65179 Chalk Bass


107 Cottonwick215 Creole Wrasse180 Creole-fish55 Cubbyu

205 Doctorfish 1 45 45 4550 Dusky Damselfish31 Foureye Butterflyfish3 French Angelfish



Joe's Tug Nov 09 SG










150 Queen Parrotfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner 1 53 53 53683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish58 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty


230 Sand Diver160 Saucereye Porgy196 Schoolmaster 1 45 45 4526 Scrawled Cowfish70 Scrawled Filefish21 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major

Joe's Tug Nov 09 SG







141 Yellow Jack219 Yellowcheek Wrasse228 Yellowhead Jawfish220 Yellowhead Wrasse





Joe's tug Nov 09 LA





109 Black Margate 1 45 45 451 Blue Angelfish


120 Blue Hamlet 1 12 12 12144 Blue Parrotfish 1 70 70 70134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 6 4 9 6145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 26 22 30 2623 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis 25 10 14 12




205 Doctorfish50 Dusky Damselfish31 Foureye Butterflyfish 1 9 9 93 French Angelfish 1 35 35 35

108 French Grunt 220 16 22 2094 Gag62 Goldentail Moray81 Goldspot Goby 1 7 7 796 Goliath Grouper (Jewfish)4 Gray Angelfish 1 30 30 30

192 Gray Snapper 1 40 40 4095 Graysby 1 16 16 16

Joe's tug Nov 09 LA



147 Greenblotch Parrotfish843 Hamlet - Juvenile181 Harlequin Bass56 Highhat 1 12 12 12




148 Midnight Parrotfish 1 90 90 90195 Mutton Snapper84 Neon Goby



150 Queen Parrotfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish58 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty



Joe's tug Nov 09 LA



114 Spanish Grunt131 Spanish Hogfish34 Spotfin Butterflyfish 3 12 12 12









Vandenberg Nov 09 LA






42 Blue Chromis144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 2 18 18 18213 Bluehead 27 2 10 8145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis




108 French Grunt81 Goldspot Goby96 Goliath Grouper (Jewfish)4 Gray Angelfish 1 33 33 33

192 Gray Snapper 1 26 26 26208 Gray Triggerfish







150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish6 Rock Beauty



231 Sharksucker167 Sharpnose Puffer 2 5 7 6232 Silversides, Herrings, Anchovies







185 Tobaccofish116 Tomtate 1 10 10 10239 Trumpetfish40 Twospot Cardinalfish





Vandenberg Nov 09 SG






42 Blue Chromis 3 8 11 10144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 3 12 30 25213 Bluehead 60 4 10 7145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis 1 7 7 7








136 Greater Amberjack147 Greenblotch Parrotfish181 Harlequin Bass 2 9 9 9130 Hogfish137 Horse-Eye Jack792 Juvenile Grunt473 King Mackerel599 Little Tunny657 Loggerhead Sea Turtle51 Longfin Damselfish32 Longsnout Butterflyfish




150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish 1 55 55 55140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish 1 10 10 106 Rock Beauty




Vandenberg Nov 09 LC






42 Blue Chromis144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 40 4 12 8145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis








136 Greater Amberjack147 Greenblotch Parrotfish181 Harlequin Bass 1 10 10 10130 Hogfish137 Horse-Eye Jack792 Juvenile Grunt473 King Mackerel599 Little Tunny657 Loggerhead Sea Turtle51 Longfin Damselfish32 Longsnout Butterflyfish




150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish 1 75 75 75140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish6 Rock Beauty




Joe's Tug March 10 AA







120 Blue Hamlet144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 9 5 11 8145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 2 28 32 3023 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis

















150 Queen Parrotfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish58 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty

100 Rock Hind336 Roughhead Blenny461 Round Scad 100 10 25 1719 Saddled Blenny







203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish156 Striped Parrotfish45 Sunshinefish53 Threespot Damselfish







Joe's Tug Mar 10 LA




48 Bicolor Damselfish91 Black Grouper

109 Black Margate1 Blue Angelfish 1 35


120 Blue Hamlet144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 1 14213 Bluehead 2 3145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 17 22 26 2423 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis



107 Cottonwick215 Creole Wrasse 3 12180 Creole-fish55 Cubbyu




Joe's Tug Mar 10 LA


136 Greater Amberjack 1 100234 Greater Soapfish63 Green Moray




201 Longspine Squirrelfish83 Masked Goby/Glass Goby 1 4


206 Ocean Surgeonfish 2 18209 Ocean Triggerfish86 Pallid Goby

166 Porcupinefish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish 1 30216 Puddingwife44 Purple Reeffish5 Queen Angelfish

150 Queen Parrotfish 1 30151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish58 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty



Joe's Tug Mar 10 LA





203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish 1 45156 Striped Parrotfish45 Sunshinefish53 Threespot Damselfish

185 Tobaccofish116 Tomtate592 Townsend Angelfish622 Triplefin species239 Trumpetfish117 White Grunt 2 2277 Yellow Goatfish



54 Yellowtail Damselfish 1 1446 Yellowtail Reeffish



Vandenberg Mar 10 LA




221 Bermuda Chub/Yellow Chub48 Bicolor Damselfish 2 991 Black Grouper 1 38


42 Blue Chromis144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 1 21213 Bluehead 28 10 15 12145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis



107 Cottonwick215 Creole Wrasse 14 16180 Creole-fish135 Crevalle Jack190 Cubera Snapper205 Doctorfish50 Dusky Damselfish31 Foureye Butterflyfish3 French Angelfish









150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish 1 126 Rock Beauty 1 16

461 Round Scad 4500 1519 Saddled Blenny

112 Sailors Choice101 Scamp539 School Bass196 Schoolmaster70 Scrawled Filefish21 Seaweed Blenny52 Sergeant Major 1 15


Vandenberg March 10 AA






42 Blue Chromis144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 2 10 28 19213 Bluehead 6 5 12 9145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis


2 Cherubfish214 Clown Wrasse49 Cocoa Damselfish 1 10 10 1080 Colon Goby





Sp # Name # Min Max Mean95 Graysby7 Great Barracuda

136 Greater Amberjack 6 74 110 86147 Greenblotch Parrotfish181 Harlequin Bass130 Hogfish137 Horse-Eye Jack792 Juvenile Grunt473 King Mackerel599 Little Tunny657 Loggerhead Sea Turtle51 Longfin Damselfish32 Longsnout Butterflyfish


148 Midnight Parrotfish187 Nurse Shark206 Ocean Surgeonfish 1 12 12 12209 Ocean Triggerfish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish44 Purple Reeffish


150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish6 Rock Beauty 1 10 10 10

461 Round Scad 100 9 25 1519 Saddled Blenny






132 Spotfin Hogfish 1 21 21 2159 Spotted Drum76 Spotted Goatfish








Joe's Tug July 10 OT







120 Blue Hamlet144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 8 1 6 2145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 25 17 25 2023 Boga79 Bridled Goby 1 2 2 243 Brown Chromis





108 French Grunt 13 14 18 1694 Gag62 Goldentail Moray81 Goldspot Goby 1 2 2 296 Goliath Grouper (Jewfish)4 Gray Angelfish







203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish 1 31 31 31156 Striped Parrotfish 1 14 14 1445 Sunshinefish53 Threespot Damselfish














120 Blue Hamlet 1 12 12 12144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 1 12 12 12213 Bluehead 14 3 9 6145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 20 20 26 2423 Boga79 Bridled Goby 1 6 6 643 Brown Chromis










147 Greenblotch Parrotfish 2 10 8 9843 Hamlet - Juvenile181 Harlequin Bass 1 8 8 856 Highhat






166 Porcupinefish111 Porkfish 14 24 24 24149 Princess Parrotfish 1 22 22 22216 Puddingwife44 Purple Reeffish 1 4 4 45 Queen Angelfish

150 Queen Parrotfish 1 22 22 22151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic) 1 16 16 16152 Redband Parrotfish 2 16 28 22154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish58 Reef Croaker6 Rock Beauty






114 Spanish Grunt131 Spanish Hogfish 1 15 15 1534 Spotfin Butterflyfish


203 Squirrelfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish156 Striped Parrotfish 2 6 6 645 Sunshinefish 16 2 3 353 Threespot Damselfish







Vandenberg July 10 LA


164 Bandtail Puffer594 Bank Butterflyfish133 Bar Jack 6 30 50 45311 Barred Blenny35 Barred Cardinalfish


221 Bermuda Chub/Yellow Chub48 Bicolor Damselfish91 Black Grouper


42 Blue Chromis144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang 1 4 4 4213 Bluehead145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt 1 20 20 2023 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis







Sp # Name # Min Max Mean95 Graysby 1 25 25 257 Great Barracuda 1 60 60 60



148 Midnight Parrotfish187 Nurse Shark206 Ocean Surgeonfish209 Ocean Triggerfish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish44 Purple Reeffish 6 2 4 3

394 Pygmy Filefish5 Queen Angelfish 1 15 15 15

150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish 1 25 25 25226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish 1 25 25 2533 Reef Butterflyfish 2 7 7 76 Rock Beauty


112 Sailors Choice101 Scamp 1 25 25 25539 School Bass196 Schoolmaster70 Scrawled Filefish21 Seaweed Blenny 1 6 6 652 Sergeant Major






178 Spotted Scorpionfish155 Stoplight Parrotfish115 Striped Grunt156 Striped Parrotfish 2 20 20 2045 Sunshinefish




141 Yellow Jack103 Yellowfin Grouper220 Yellowhead Wrasse104 Yellowmouth Grouper153 Yellowtail (Redfin) Parrotfish46 Yellowtail Reeffish 2 4 7 5



Vandenberg July 10 OT


164 Bandtail Puffer594 Bank Butterflyfish133 Bar Jack 10 26 35 28311 Barred Blenny35 Barred Cardinalfish




42 Blue Chromis144 Blue Parrotfish134 Blue Runner204 Blue Tang213 Bluehead 7 1 5 3145 Bluelip Parrotfish105 Bluestriped Grunt23 Boga79 Bridled Goby43 Brown Chromis










148 Midnight Parrotfish187 Nurse Shark206 Ocean Surgeonfish 1 17 17 17209 Ocean Triggerfish111 Porkfish149 Princess Parrotfish44 Purple Reeffish


150 Queen Parrotfish210 Queen Triggerfish151 Rainbow Parrotfish140 Rainbow Runner683 Red Lionfish (exotic)152 Redband Parrotfish 1 16 16 16226 Redspotted Hawkfish154 Redtail Parrotfish33 Reef Butterflyfish 2 8 11 106 Rock Beauty








178 Spotted Scorpionfish 1 23 23 23155 Stoplight Parrotfish115 Striped Grunt156 Striped Parrotfish 1 15 15 1545 Sunshinefish







final&report& reef&monitoring&oftheartificialreefgen ... · 5" "...

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