final review passive and active voice and the truncated passive

Final Review

Passive and Active Voice and the Truncated Passive

Active and Passive Voice

State Standard W1.2 Use precise language, action verbs, sensory details, appropriate modifiers, and the active rather than the passive voice.


transitive verb—a verb that requires a direct object



Example:John raised …



Example:John raised the flag.



Example:

subject

John raised the flag.



Example:

transitive verb




Example:

Direct Object



Voice is the form a transitive verb takes to indicate whether the subject of the verb performs or receives the action.



When the subject of a verb performs the action, the verb is in the active voice.



When the subject of a verb performs the action, the verb is in the active voice.

Example:John raised the flag.


When the subject of the verb receives the action, the verb is in the passive voice.


When the subject of the verb receives the action, the verb is in the passive voice.

Example:The flag was raised by John. (passive voice)


The grammatical form of a passive voice verb is be + the past participle. The performer of the action usually appears in a preposition phrase that begins with by.


The grammatical form of a passive voice verb is be + the past participle. The performer of the action usually appears in a preposition phrase that begins with by.

Example:The flag was raised by John.


The recipient of the action is now the subject.

The flag was raised by John.


The passive construction of the verb consists of be + the past participle.



The performer of the action is expressed in a prepositional phrase that begins with by.



Transform the following passive voice sentences into active voice.

1) Every day lunch is prepared by the boys.



1)Every day lunch is prepared by the boys.

Every day the boys prepare lunch.



2) The aluminum cans were crushed by boy scouts.



2) The aluminum cans were crushed by boy scouts.

Boy scouts crushed the aluminum cans.



3) Final grades will be submitted by me next week.



3) Final grades will be submitted by me next week.

I will submit final grades next week.



4) The periodic assessments were administered by the English teachers.



4) The periodic assessments were administered by the English teachers.

The English teachers administered the periodic assessments.



5) The paper is completely consumed by the fire.



5) The paper is completely consumed by the fire.

The fire completely consumes the paper.



6) A gift was given to Mary by her parents.



6) A gift was given to Mary by her parents.

Her parents gave Mary a gift. -or-Mary’s parents gave her a gift.


In the passive voice, the performer of the action can be left out of the sentence.



Here is an active voice sentence:The blazing fire destroyed the outside walls.



Here is its passive voice transformation:The outside walls were destroyed by the

blazing fire.



Here is its passive voice transformation:The outside walls were destroyed by the

blazing fire.Do we need by the blazing fire in the sentence

for it to be grammatical?



Here is its passive voice transformation without the performer of the action:

The outside walls were destroyed.



Here is its passive voice transformation without the performer of the action:

The outside walls were destroyed.This is called truncated passive voice.


Transform the following active voice sentences into truncated passive voice.

1) I walk my dog every day.



1)I walk my dog every day.

Every day my dog is walked by me. (non-truncated)

Every day my dog is walked. (truncated)



2) Frank planted corn last summer.



2) Frank planted corn last summer.

The corn was planted by Frank last summer. (non-truncated)

The corn was planted last summer. (truncated)



3) Tomorrow volunteers will clean the streets.



3) Tomorrow volunteers will clean the streets.

Tomorrow the streets will be cleaned. (truncated)



4) Mrs. Johnson announced the winners.



4) Mrs. Johnson announced the winners.

The winners were announced. (truncated)



5) Students decorated the auditorium for the assembly.



5) Students decorated the auditorium for the assembly.

The auditorium was decorated for the assembly. (truncated)

final review passive and active voice and the truncated passive

Documents

passive voice verb

active voice

passive voicetransform

passive voicevoice

passive voicewhen

passive voiceactive

passive construction

passive voicethe recipient