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CHAPTER 1Introduction

1.1 DEFINING ASSET MANAGEMENT

“ Asset management is a structured rogram to minimi!e t"e #i$e%c&c#e costs o$ asset o'ners"i

'"i#e maintaining re(uired ser)ice #e)e#s and sustaining t"e in$rastructure

Asset management is mar*ed +& its "ig"#& structured aroac" to identi$&ing assets and getting

to *no' t"em )er& 'e##. Proer#& racticed, it in)o#)es a## arts o$ an organi!ation and entai#s a

#i)ing set o$ asset er$ormance goa#s. -it" a so#id rogram, a #an is esta+#is"ed $or eac" o$

asset $rom t"e )er& +eginning t"e resources used are measured on an asset%+&%asset +asis

and t"e resu#ts ac"ie)ed are measured. T"e outcome/ Managers "a)e t"e asset%seci$ic

*no'#edge re(uired to c"oose e0act#& t"e rig"t assets, to otimi!e maintenance acti)ities, and

to re$ur+is" and re#ace assets at ust t"e rig"t times.

Asset management is a concet t"at "as +een used in +ot" t"e ri)ate and u+#ic sectors 'it" a

)ast num+er o$ interretations. In t"e conte0t o$ an e#ectricit& distri+ution uti#it&, asset

management can +e de$ined as a s&stematic rocess o$, cost%e$$ecti)e#&, oerating, maintaining

and ugrading o$ e#ectrica# assets +& com+ining engineering ractices and economic ana#&sis

'it" sound +usiness ractice. An& gi)en e#ectrica# distri+ution net'or* is made u o$ t"e rimar&

and secondar& #ants "ence t"ese assets too can +e c#assi$ied as eit"er rimar& or secondar&

#ant assets. T"e raid rates o$ tec"no#og& de)e#oments as 'e## as tec"no#og& integration "a)e

continued to ose c"a##enges to asset management in t"e g#o+a# e#ectrica# o'er sector. T"is

aer resents t"e $undamenta# rinci#es o$ maintenance, re$ur+is"ment and strengt"ening as

strategic met"ods $or managing assets in t"e e#ectrica# o'er distri+ution sector, using some

regiona# e#ectricit& distri+utors as case%1 (uestion addressed is "o' t"ese asset management

strategies 2maintenance, re$ur+is"ment and net'or* strengt"ening3 can +e otima##& a#ied, on

+ot" t"e rimar& and secondar& #ants, in order to ac"ie)e ma0imum asset uti#i!ation '"ic"

'ou#d conse(uent#& &ie#d "ig" 4returns on assets4 2R5A3

Asset Management is an aroac" t"at ena+#es comanies to ma0imi!e t"e er$ormance o$

critica# caita# assets t"at "a)e a direct and signi$icant imact on ac"ie)ing cororate o+ecti)es.

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It is a comre"ensi)e aroac" t"at inc#udes a## t&es o$ assets and addresses "o' t"e& are

urc"ased, maintained and otimi!ed t"roug"out t"eir use$u# #i$e. Asset and ser)ice

management is an enterrise%'ide aroac" t"at gi)es cororate e0ecuti)es, $or t"e $irst time,

t"e a+i#it& to )ie' and manage assets $or t"e +ene$it o$ t"e cororation as a '"o#e.

1.1.1 ASSET MANAGEMENT IN6576ES

• Managing "&sica# asset +ase.

• Managing asset8s $inancia# +ase i.e. its )a#uation, regu#ator& ricing.

T"e urose o$ asset management is to turn assets into a re)enue stream.

T"ese de$initions re$#ect di$$erent )ie'oints 9 t"e academic, t"e u+#ic

In$rastructure manager, e#ectricit& industr& ro$essiona#s and t"e economist, :ut t"e& "a)e

certain e#ements in common/• Asset management must a#ign 'it" t"e nature and )a#ues o$ t"e

organi!ation.

• It must suort t"e goa#s o$ t"e organi!ation and its s"are"o#ders.

• It in)o#)es t"e management o$ "&sica# assets o$ t"e organi!ation o)er t"e )arious stages o$

t"eir #i$e %c&c#es.

Management o$ "&sica# assets is t"e rimar& $ocus o$ t"is resent stud&.

Asset management $or "&sica# assets ma& +e categori!ed into t"ree #e)e#s o$

A#ication/

• E(uiment #e)e# asset management

• Process #e)e# asset management and

• Strategic #e)e# asset management.

E(uiment #e)e# asset management inc#udes suc" acti)ities as ana#&sis o$ $ai#ure modes,

de)e#oment o$ condition%monitoring o$ e(uiment and assessment o$ remaining #i$e o$

e(uiment. T"e rocess #e)e# e0ands t"e $ocus to inc#ude t"e '"o#e #i$e%c&c#e o$ #ant. It

encomasses rocesses suc" as Re#ia+i#it& Centered Maintenance, 7i$e C&c#e, and Costing.

Maintenance otimi!ation met"ods, maintenance management S&stems and economic

usti$ication o$ on#ine condition%monitoring and 5timi!ation o$ sares in)entories. T"e strategic

#e)e# o$ asset management

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is c#ose#& a#igned 'it" t"e +usiness $unction o$ t"e organi!ation. In strategic asset management

t"e em"asis is on de)e#oing o#icies and ractices t"at suort t"e s"ort and #ong%term goa#s

o$ t"e organi!ation ta*ing into account a +road range o$ dri)ers.

1.; SC5PE AND METH5D575G<

It is at t"e strategic #e)e# o$ asset management t"at t"is t"esis see*s to ma*e a contri+ution to

*no'#edge. T"ere$ore t"e ana#&ses and mode#s resented ta*e a +road )ie' o$ t"e su+ect.

A#t"oug" t"e stud& $ocuses on t"e management o$ "&sica# assets o$ t"e organi!ation, some

re$erences are made to $inancia# management '"en t"is imacts on management o$ "&sica#

assets. Ho'e)er re#ations"is in $inancia# asects o$ management "a)e not +een e0#ored to

t"e same #e)e# o$ detai# as t"ose $actors re#ating to t"e "&sica# assets. T"e stud& is intended to

+e a#ica+#e to a 'ide range e0isting distri+ution enterrises and net'or*s. An e0#oration o$

di)ersit& in distri+ution o#icies and ractices in di$$erent arts o$ t"e 'or#d is a maor art o$ t"eresearc". T"e temora# setting $or data used in regiona# case studies is circa 1==>, $or reasons

o$ con)enience and data consistenc&. It is intended t"at t"e mode# a#& to distri+ution net'or*s

as t"e& e0ist in t"e resent da&. A#ications set in t"e $uture or ast mig"t need to consider

criteria additiona# to or di$$erent $rom t"ose used to de)e#o t"e current mode#s. T"ere are t"ree

arts to t"e researc". In t"e $irst section t"e $actors a$$ecting distri+ution asset management and

t"eir re#ations"is are considered, and a concetua# mode# is de)e#oed. A )ariant o$ t"is mode#

is t"en im#emented as a $u!!& ru#e %+ased s&stem, and )a#idated against data sets

reresenting comosite regiona# and indi)idua# uti#it& cases. 6ariations +et'een regiona# cases

and otentia# means o$ imro)ing er$ormance in indi)idua# cases are a#so e0#ored.

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CHAPTER ;

Ro#e o$ Asset Management

;.1 RIS? MANAGEMENT

Ris* management is an a## encomassing aroac" to identi$&ing, assessing and rioriti!ing

ris*. It is $o##o'ed +& coordinated and economica# a#ication o$ resources to minimi!e, monitor

and contro# t"e ro+a+i#it& and imact o$ negati)e e)ents. Asset management is a com#e0 and

continuous tas* it is c#ear t"at acti)e ris* management is a *e& caa+i#it& o$ asset management

s&stem. T"e internationa# ris* management standard IS5 @1 de$ines ris* as “I$ act o$

uncertaint& on o+ecti)esB and t"e management o$ ris* as “coordinated acti)ities to direct andcontro# an organi!ation 'it" regard to ris* “.Ris* management is an a## an encomassing

aroac" to identi$&ing, assessing and rioriti!ing ris*s $o##o'ed +& t"e coordinated and

economica# a#ication o$ resources to minimi!e, monitor and contro# t"e ro+a+i#it& and imact

o$ negati)e e)ents. Considerations o$ ris* management are er)asi)e in man& o$ t"e Strategic

Asset Management issues discussed so $ar. Ris* management entai#s ana#&sing and contro##ing

ris*s to '"ic" an organi!ation is e0osed. -it"in oerations and maintenance areas t"e $ocus

on ris* management "as trans#ated into c"anges in maintenance strategies

Greater use o$ Re#ia+i#it&%Centered Maintenance 2RCM3

Imortance o$ e(uiment on t"e net'or* +eing ta*en into account $or oerations and

maintenance strategies

A trend to'ards t"e use o$ redicti)e maintenance strategies, and a'a& $rom more e0ensi)e

+ut #o' ris* time%+ased re#ace%o)er"au# strategies. T"e e$$icienc& and ris* management

$ocuses "a)e +een dri)ers $or some use$u# roects and de)e#oments inc#uding some dra'ing

on oerations researc" tec"ni(ues. Ris* is a $unction o$ #i*e#i"ood and t"e conse(uence o$ an

incident. For distri+ution comanies se)era# t&es o$ ris* are resent/

• Regu#ator& ris* ma& arise $rom oor regu#ator& go)ernance and regu#ator& ractices 2suc" as

otimi!ation and re)enue resets3.

• Mar*et%re#ated ris* $or transmission main#& re#ates to c"anged oeration o$ assets comared

'it" t"eir origina# intended use, '"et"er t"is +e o)er%uti#i!ation or under%uti#i!ation, inc#uding

t"e ris* o$ asset stranding.

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• Financia# ris* inc#udes currenc&%re#ated ris* 2'"en +orro'ing is in a currenc& ot"er t"an t"e

#oca# one3, and ris* o$ #oss o$ re)enue as a resu#t o$ e0terna# $actors 2suc" as 'eat"er%re#ated

$actors or economic gro't"3.

;.; C5ST 5PTIMIATI5N

It is an a#ternati)e 'it" t"e most cost e$$ecti)e or "ig"est ac"ie)a+#e er$ormance under

t"e gi)en constraints, +& ma0imi!ing undesired ones. In comarison, ma0imi!ation means tr&ing

to attain t"e "ig"est or ma0imum resu#t or outcome 'it"out 'it" regard to cost or e0anse

ractice o$ otimi!ation is restricted +& #ac* o$ in$ormation and #ac* o$ time to e)a#uate '"at

in$ormation is a)ai#a+#e. In comuter simu#ation o$ +usiness otimi!ation is ac"ie)ed usua##& +&

#inear rogramming tec"ni(ues.

;.;.1 C5ST 5PTIMIATI5N 5F P5-ER TRANSF5RMER

T"e strateg& $or t"e asset management consists o$ $ai#ure statistic ana#&sis, assessment on

o'er trans$ormer condition and imortance, and in)entor& management o$ o'er trans$ormer

sare art. To determine t"e critica# comonents and $ai#ure causes, t"e $ai#ure statistics o$

o'er trans$ormer are ana#&!ed. T"e $ai#ure data is used $or estimating #i$etime o$ main o'er

trans$ormer comonents +& -ei+u## distri+ution tec"ni(ue. To manage maintenance tas*s o$

o'er trans$ormer, ris*%+ased maintenance is de)e#oed +& a com+ination o$ condition andimortance assessment o$ eac" trans$ormer. T"e condition assessment is er$ormed +&

ana#&sis o$ e#ectrica# test, insu#ating oi# test and )isua# insection. T"e imortance is e)a#uated

$rom #oad critica#it&, imact on s&stem sta+i#it&, ossi+i#it& o$ $ai#ure, $ai#ure conse(uence,

damage to roert&, as 'e## as socia# imact and en)ironmenta# concern. Su+se(uent#&, ris*%

+ased maintenance in $orm o$ ris* matri0 is de)e#oed $or e)a#uating t"e ris* o$ eac"

trans$ormer. T"e trans$ormer 'it" "ig" ris* 'i## +e $ocused $irst#&. To otimi!e sare arts and

minimi!e in)entor& cost, in)entor& management strategies are a#ied to comonents o$ o'er

trans$ormer +& using Statistica# distri+ution tec"ni(ue and economic order (uantit&. T"ere$ore, asuita+#e time eriod $or reordering and otimum ordering (uantit& are determined. :esides,

comuteri!ed 'e+%a#ication rogram is de)e#oed $or ractica# use. Fina##&, maintenance o$

o'er trans$ormer $#eet can +e e$$ecti)e#& managed. T"e roosed met"od 'i## +e $urt"er

a#ied to ot"er "ig" )o#tage e(uiments.

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;.@ PERF5RMANCE MAIMIATI5N

Per$ormance Ma0imi!ation is o$ great interest to regu#ators, articu#ar#& comarison o$

er$ormance +et'een di$$erent uti#ities. A sur)e& o$ +enc"mar*ing tec"ni(ues and studies 'as

made +& asam+ and Po##it asam+, ;1 ;J. Perusa# o$ t"is suggests t"at )er& $e'

+enc"mar*s "a)e +een er$ormed $or transmission. T"e one case #isted 'as underta*en +&

Po##itt, and u+#is"ed in 1==K. T"e main reason $or t"is is t"at +enc"mar*ing 'or*s +est '"en

circumstances o$ t"e uti#ities are )er& simi#ar. Anot"er issue com#icating comarison o$

transmission er$ormance is a #ac* o$ consistent er$ormance measures +et'een di$$erent

comanies. T"is ro+#em is artia##& addressed +& t"e use o$ t"ird arties $or +enc"mar*ing

studies. Comanies contri+ute data to t"ese studies and in return are gi)en in$ormation on t"eir

ran*ing re#ati)e to ot"er articiants on )arious er$ormance indicators. At t"e rocess #e)e# o$

asset management t"e em"asis is on rocesses and statistica# understanding o$ t"e

e(uiment. Process #e)e# asset management issues tend to "a)e a narro'er scoe/ t"e& tend

to $ocus on one asect o$ asset management suc" as maintenance e$$icienc&, #anning $or

s&stem re#ia+i#it& or e(uiment re#acement strategies. T"e current directions o$ rocess #e)e#

asset management researc" are +eing dri)en +& t"e needs o$ t"e +usiness and t"e issues

identi$ied at t"e strategic #e)e# o$ asset management. In articu#ar

• Maintenance cost dri)ers and ris* management are $ostering researc" to'ards

maintenance otimi!ation.

• Cost and re#ia+i#it& dri)ers are dri)ing increased use o$ RCM and a trend to'ard t"e use o$

condition%+ased maintenance.

• Ris* management, ris*s associated 'it" t"e regu#ator& s&stem and #o' return on caita# are

encouraging in)estigations into re#acement o#icies, and encourage strategies t"at ta*e into

account t"e critica#it& and condition o$ e(uiment '"en considering maintenance or

re#acement.

• 7i$e c&c#e costing is +eing used to usti$& t"e e0enditure o$ e0tra caita# in order to reduce

oeration and maintenance costs. T"e $ocus on reducing maintenance is in #ine 'it" regu#ator&

dri)ers.

• Re#ia+i#it& dri)ers "a)e $ostered researc" into ro+a+i#istic re#ia+i#it& mode#ing, and

in)estigations into t"e e$$ects o$ di$$erent con$igurations o$ e(uiment on re#ia+i#it&.

• Mar*et dri)ers and in some cases regu#ator& dri)ers are #acing ressure on uti#ities to

de)e#o strategies to increase a)ai#a+i#it&, #eading to c"anges in maintenance strategies.

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CHAPTER @

Comonents o$ Asset Management

Lti#it& comanies are increasing#& adoting asset management as a $oundation $or stream#ining

oerations and ensuring ser)ice re#ia+i#it& $or consumers. T"e $i)e *e& (uestions critica# $or a

$unctiona# asset management $rame'or*. Here8s an out#ine o$ t"e *e& comonents o$ an asset

management $rame'or* out#ined . Focus on creating sustaina+#e in$rastructure $or e#ectric uti#it&

comanies, t"ese core comonents ro)ide an e0ce##ent $rame'or* $or asset management $or

an& uti#it& coman&.

@.1 THE CLRRENT STATE 5F THE S<STEM8S ASSETS

:e$ore im#ementing an asset management s&stem, uti#ities must "a)e a c#ear understanding o$

t"e current state o$ a## e0isting assets. T"is ro)ides a +ase#ine $or ongoing measurement,

ana#&sis, maintenance #anning, and resource a##ocation. Prearing an asset in)entor& and

s&stem ma, de)e#oing a condition assessment and rating s&stem, assessing remaining use$u#

#i$e, and determining asset )a#ues and re#acement costs are +est ractices in determining t"e

current state o$ &our s&stem8s assets.

@.; RELIRED SLSTAINA:7E 7E6E7 5F SER6ICE

T"ere are se)era# e#ements t"at #a& a ro#e in de$ining #e)e# o$ ser)ice and associated s"ort%term and #ong%term s&stem er$ormance goa#s, inc#uding (ua#it&, (uantit&, re#ia+i#it&, and

en)ironmenta# standards. Customer demand, data $rom uti#it& commissions or +oards, and

in$ormation $rom *e& sta*e"o#ders can a#so +e used to de)e#o accurate #e)e# o$ ser)ice

re(uirements. Regu#ator& re(uirements are a *e& consideration in t"e re(uired sustaina+#e #e)e#

o$ ser)ice. <ou s"ou#d a#so #an to communicate t"e s&stem8s er$ormance targets to

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consumers and incororate #e)e# o$ ser)ice standards as a +enc"mar* to measure t"e s&stem8s

er$ormance o)er time.

@.@ ASSETS CRITICA7 T5 SLSTAINED PERF5RMANCE

It8s ine)ita+#e t"at assets 'i## $ai# $rom time to time. :ut '"at rea##& matters is "o' &ou "and#e

and resond to t"ese $ai#ures. Not e)er& asset +ears t"e same #e)e# o$ ris* o$ $ai#ure #i*e'ise,

not e)er& asset +rings oerations or ser)ices to a "a#t '"en $ai#ure occurs. T"e most critica#

assets are t"ose at "ig" ris* o$ $ai#ure, '"ic" a#so ose maor conse(uences '"en t"e& do $ai#,

suc" as maor e0enses, s&stem $ai#ure, serious sa$et& concerns, and ot"er c"a##enges.

Determine '"ic" assets are most critica# and ran* t"em according#&.

@. MINIMLM 7IFE C<C7E C5STS

A+out >K ercent o$ a t&ica# uti#it& s&stem8s e0enses consist o$ oerations and maintenance

25OM3 ersonne# and t"e caita# +udget. Asset management s&stems are )a#ua+#e $or

determining t"e #o'est cost otions $or ro)iding t"e "ig"est or desired #e)e# o$ ser)ice o)er a

eriod o$ time. Asset management $aci#itates in$ormed decision%ma*ing ena+#es uti#ities to

otimi!e t"e 'or* oerations and management cre's are underta*ing and c"oose t"e rig"t

roects at t"e rig"t times $or t"e rig"t reasons.

@.K THE :EST 75NG%TERM FLNDING STRATEG<

A #ong%term $unding strateg& and smart $inancia# decisions are critica# in im#ementing an

e$$ecti)e asset management rogram. T"e uti#it&8s $u## economic costs and re)enues is essentia#

*no'#edge $or accurate $inancia# $orecasting. T"e $inancia# $orecast is t"en used to determine

$uture #anning and decisions t"at 'i## otimi!e oerations and ena+#e uti#ities to meet goa#s $or

maintaining or increasing re)enues '"i#e minimi!ing e0enses. For instance, it8s critica# to *no''"et"er t"ere is ade(uate $unding to maintain assets $or t"e re(uired #e)e# o$ ser)ice o)er time.

I$ not, adustments must +e made to t"e #ong%term $unding strateg&, and oerations e0amined to

determine areas '"ere reductions in oerating e0enses are ac"ie)a+#e.

An asset management $rame'or* ro)ides consistenc& and c#arit& to uti#it& s&stems, ena+#ing

t"e co##ection o$ )a#ua+#e data to dri)e decision%ma*ing and emo'er uti#ities to maintain

8



consistent, ade(uate ser)ice #e)e#s to meet consumer demand. -it" an asset management

$rame'or* in #ace, uti#ities are a+#e to redict and #an $or t"e costs and ser)ice interrutions

t&ica##& created +& ma#$unctioning e(uiment, resu#ting in more redicta+#e re)enues o)er time.

CHAPTER Asset Management Standards

.1 PASKK Assessment Met"odo#og& 2PAM3

:SI PAS KK/;> is t"e internationa# re$erence standard $or t"e otima# management o$ "&sica#

assets, ro)iding t"e de$inition o$ good ractice in t"e '"o#e #i$e management o$ assets. It is

a#ica+#e to an& organi!ation '"ere "&sica# assets are a *e& or a critica# $actor in ac"ie)ing

+usiness goa#s.

:eing a+#e to demonstrate t"at t"e re(uirements seci$ied in :SI PAS KK/;> are met

ro)ides tangi+#e e)idence o$ a s&stematic, cross%disci#inar& and otimi!ed aroac" to asset

management t"at correct#& +#ends resonses to s"ort term re(uirements 'it" sustaina+#e

de#i)er& o$ #ong term goa#s. T"is ro)ides assurance to customers, o'ners, em#o&ees,

regu#ators and ot"er sta*e"o#ders t"at t"e +usiness is in good "ands. Man& organi!ations "a)e

$ound t"at carr&ing out a ga ana#&sis8 against t"e re(uirements set out in PASKK "as ena+#ed

t"em to identi$& imro)ement oortunities and +ui#d t"ese into a rioriti!ed imro)ement #an.

T"is #eads to rea# imro)ement in t"e +ottom #ine and can o$ten ena+#e +usiness de#i)era+#es to

+e ac"ie)ed more e$$icient#& and e$$ecti)e#& 'it" $e'er resources.

.1.1 GAP ANA7<SIS

Q Ena+#es &ou to identi$& oortunities to imro)e t"e e$$icient and e$$ecti)e de#i)er& o$

+usiness goa#s.

Q Pro)ides t"e $rame'or* $or a #ong%term asset management caa+i#it& imro)ement #an

Q Demonstrates cometent and sustaina+#e asset ste'ards"i to sta*e"o#ders

Q Is a#ica+#e across a## industr& sectors managing "&sica# assets

Q Suorts rearation $or certi$ication to :SI PAS KK/;>,

Q -ou#d ena+#e &ou to trac* imro)ements in &our organi!ation8s asset management caa+i#it&

9



Q -ou#d ena+#e &ou to comare &our asset management caa+i#it& 'it" ot"er organi!ations

.

.; :ENEFITS 5F IMP7EMENTING PAS

PAS KK ro)ides t"e $o##o'ing +ene$its/

• A standard and consistent aroac" '"ic" a#so de#i)ers a #e)e# o$ continuit& to asset

management ser)ice de#i)er& o)er t"e #i$e c&c#e o$ t"e roect

• 7ess susceti+#e to +e a$$ected +& s&stem administration ersonne# c"anges during t"e

term o$ t"e roect due to t"e ro+ust $rame'or*

• A c#ear de$inition o$ asset management '"ic" can +e understood at a## #e)e#s and +& a##

sta$$ disci#ines

• A ro+ust PDCA $rame'or* '"ic" romotes a continuous imro)ement +usiness cu#ture

• -ide#& acceted as a 'or#d%'ide seci$ication $or organi!ations see*ing to demonstrate

a "ig" #e)e# o$ ro$essiona#ism in managing t"eir "&sica# assets

• Hig" e0ectation o$ rogressing to an iso internationa# standard

• T"e asset management #an is +ased on a reuta+#e and sustaina+#e re$erence source

'"ic" can +e used as a +ase re$erence to maintain asset management s&stem continuit&

and sustaina+i#it& can #ead to accreditation

• T"e asset management $rame'or* can com#iment and +e integrated 'it" e0isting

organi!ation strategic #ans and suort management s&stems, e.g. Sa$et&, (ua#it&,

en)ironmenta#

• F#e0i+#e to c"anging strategic #ans o)er and +e&ond t"e term o$ t"e contract

.;.1 Histor& o$ PASKK Assessment Met"odo#og&

10



T"e Assessment Met"odo#og& 'as de)e#oed in conunction 'it" a grou o$ ;= L? and

o)erseas sonsors $rom across a range o$ industr& sectors. T"e sonsors inc#uded #eading

in$rastructure asset managers, asset management consu#tancies and ser)ice ro)iders.

T"e PAM 'as initia##& a)ai#a+#e $or use on#& +& t"is grou o$ sonsoring organi!ations. T"e

met"odo#og& "as recent#& +een imro)ed +& t"e IAM, using $eed+ac* $rom t"is grou o$

organi!ations and incororating c"anges in t"e ne' :SI PAS KK/;>. Fo##o'ing “user testingB

in its origina# $ormat, t"e IAM "as no' made t"is udated )ersion o$ t"e Assessment

Met"odo#og& $ree#& a)ai#a+#e.

.@ -"at does t"e Assessment Met"odo#og& do

T"e PAM contains a series o$ (uestion to e0#ore t"e maturit& o$ an organi!ation8s asset

management caa+i#it& across a## t"e e#ements o$ :SI PAS KK/;>.T"e maturit& #e)e#s are

a#igned 'it" t"e rinci#es o$ t"e Internationa# In$rastructure Management Manua#.

Maturity 1 Maturity2 Maturity3

Maturity 4

Maturit& Maturit& K

11

Beyond PAS55 Optimizationintegration m!edding App"ying #earning

$%e organization %a& a

!a&i' under&tanding o(

t%e re)uirement& o(

PAS55* +t i& in t%e

pro'e&& o( de'iding %o,

t%e e"ement& o( PAS55

,i"" !e app"ied and %a&

$%e organization %a& a

good under&tanding o(

PAS55* +t %a& de'ided

%o, t%e e"ement& o(

PAS55 ,i"" !e app"ied

and ,or- i& progre&&ing

on imp"ementation*

$%e e"ement& re)uired

!y PAS55 are not in

p"a'e* $%e organization

i& in t%e pro'e&& o(

de.e"oping an

under&tanding o(

PAS55

/&ing pro'e&&e& and

approa'%e& t%at

go !eyond t%e

re)uirement& o( PAS55*

Pu&%ing t%e !oundarie&

o( A&&et Management

de."opment to de.e"op

A"" e"ement& o( PAS55

are in p"a'e and are

!eing app"ied and are

integrated* On"y minor

in'on&i&ten'ie&

may ei&t



12



. PAS KK FRAME-5R? A7IGNMENTS -ITH 5THERSTANDARDS

T"e PAS KK $rame'or* can demonstrate a simi#ar and corresonding s&stem e#ement

$rame'or* aroac" 'it" ot"er *e& management s&stems. To demonstrate t"is $rame'or*

comati+i#it&, PAS KK "as #isted comarisons 'it" t"e ot"er *e& management s&stems,

seci$ica##&/

Q Hea#t" and Sa$et& % 5HSAS 1>1/;

Q En)ironmenta# % IS5 11/;

Q ua#it& % IS5 =1/;>

5t"er comara+#e nationa# and internationa# standards re#ated to sa$et&, en)ironmenta# and

(ua#it& can a#so +e (uoted as a#ica+#e to t"e user organi!ation to demonstrate a#ignment 'it"

t"e PAS KK $rame'or* e#ements.

.K Future developments

At a meeting "osted +& Standards Austra#ia on 1 No)em+er ;=, articiants $rom #eading

Austra#ian sta*e"o#ders in asset management )oted to articiate in t"e de)e#oment o$

internationa# standards +ased on PAS KK/;>. T"e roosa# recommends t"e de)e#oment o$

a $ami#& o$ standards in Asset Management. T"e standards 'i## +e +ased on t"e :SI8s Pu+#ic#&

A)ai#a+#e Seci$ication $or Asset Management, PAS KK%1 and PAS KK%;. T"e :SI "as ad)ised

t"at t"e& are #anning to "ost t"e inaugura# meeting o$ t"e IS5 Committee in #ate Ari# ;1 in

7ondon. Conse(uent#& $rom ;1 on'ards % t"e de)e#oment o$ a grou o$ Internationa#

Standards $or asset management 'i## commence under IS5 and Standards Austra#ia rotoco#s

'it" e0ected com#etion and ro##%out in ;1@. T"e su+se(uent +ene$its o$ t"e de)e#oment o$

t"ese internationa# asset management standards 'i## ensure t"at t"e& are su+ected to regu#ar

re)ie's and continuous imro)ement % in"erent#&, a#so t"e core rinci#es o$ t"e PAS KK PDCA

asset management mode#. T"e $uture im#ications o$ an acceted internationa# standard $or

asset management 'ou#d seem o+)ious. I +e#ie)e t"at it is on#& a matter o$ time unti# a standard

accreditation $or asset management is a#so a#ied to Faci#it& Management $or on%going asset

management com#iance and otentia##& as a rere(uisite $or tender a#ication.

13



CHAPTER K

So$t'are Descrition and Per$ormance Ana#&sis

K.1 5PERATI5N DESCRIPTI5N

T"e so$t'are de)e#oed is intended to er$orm t"e )arious oerations re#ated to t"e automation

o$ t"e )arious e#ectric uti#ities at t"e distri+ution end o$ t"e transmission s&stem.

T"e )arious e(uiments can +e insta##ed at t"e distri+ution end.

E(uiments t"at are co)ered under t"is so$t'are code are/

• Trans$ormer

• Meter

• Ca+#e

• Circuit +rea*er

• Re#a&

5t"er uti#ities can a#so ac(uired +& t"e so$t'are as t"e time rogresses and t"e& can a#so +e

automated as er re(uirements.

5ur main e(uiment o$ concern in t"is so$t'are code is trans$ormer. 6arious arameters are

co)ered in t"is case. -e "a)e tried to co)er t"e most o$ arameters t"at are re#ated to

trans$ormer. A#t"oug" t"ere can +e ot"er asects t"at are #e$t in t"is stud&.

K.; S5FT-ARE AND HARD-ARE DESCRIPTI5N

K.;.1 S5FT-ARE DESCRIPTI5N

• -indo's => or "ig"er )ersion

• C comi#er

K.;.; HARD-ARE DESCRIPTI5N

• .1;>%+&te minimum RAM

• Pentium I rocessor

14



• M: "ard dis*

K.@ TRANSF5RMER PARAMETERS C5NSIDERED

A## t"e arameters co)ered under t"is so$t'are consideration are as $o##o's/

• Trans$ormer num+er

• Trans$ormer uni(ue identit&

• Trans$ormer ma*e

• Trans$ormer manu$acturing date

• Trans$ormer insta##ation date

• Trans$ormer rating

• Rating M6A?6A

• Trans$ormer "ig" )o#tage

• Trans$ormer #o' )o#tage

• Trans$ormer current rating

• No. o$ "ases in trans$ormer

K. 5PERATI5NS PERF5RMED IN THE S5FT-ARE C5DE

• Entering ne' data

• 6ie'ing stored data

• Searc"ing stored as 'e## as entered data

15



K.K C5DING

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

U ASSET MANAGEMENT F5R THE E7ECTIC LTI7IT< AT THE DISTRI:LTI5N END.

U

U Lnder t"e guidance o$ U

U Pro$. D.?. AIN U

U CHAIRMAIN EED U

U AA< H55DA 111;1 U

U AA< ?HARA: 111;; U

U DEEPA? DHAN5RI 111;1 U

U NA6NEET NAIN 111;@; U

U MAN5 ?LMAR 1;1;=; U

U :.TECH FINA7 <EAR STLDENT U

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU S5FT-ARE UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

inc#udeVstdio."W

inc#udeVconio."W

inc#udeVmat"."W

inc#udeVstd#i+."W

inc#udeVstring."W

UUUUU Function dec#aration $or t"e )arious oerations UUUUUU

)oid create23

)oid dis#a&2struct node U3

)oid s"o'Xentr&23

)oid searc"23

UUUUUU G75:A7 6aria+#e dec#aration and creation o$ structure $or storage. UUUstruct node

int tXno,tXid,tX$re(,tX"ase Trans$ormer arameters.

$#oat tXrate,tX"),tX#),tXam Trans$ormer arameters.

c"ar tXma*eY;Z,tX)aY@Z c"aracter )a#ues dec#aration.

16



int m$gXd,m$gXm,m$gX& Manu$acture ca#endar )aria+#e.

int instXd,instXm,instX& Insta##ation ca#endar )aria+#e.

struct node Une0t

J

struct node Ustart[NL77,Ucurrent[NL77

int num+er[1

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Creation o$ a ne' entr& UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

)oid create23

c"ar c"

struct node Une'Xnode

struct node Ucne'Xnode[NL77

do

ne'Xnode[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

rint$24\n <5L ARE A:5LT T5 ENTER THE DETAI7S 5F

TRANSF5RMER/43

rint$24\n\tUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU43

num+er]]

ne'Xnode%WtXno[num+er

rint$24\n T"e num+er o$ t"is Trans$ormer data+ase is/\t^d4,ne'Xnode%

WtXno3

rint$24\n Enter t"e ID num+er o$ trans$ormer/\t43

scan$24^d4,One'Xnode%WtXid3

rint$24\n Enter Ma*e o$ trans$ormer/\t43

scan$24^s4,One'Xnode%WtXma*e3

rint$24\n Enter t"e date o$ manu$acture2dd%mm%&&&&3/\t43

scan$24^dÛc^dÛc^d4,One'Xnode%Wm$gXd,One'Xnode%

Wm$gXm,One'Xnode%Wm$gX&3

rint$24\n Enter t"e date o$ Insta##ation/\t43

scan$24^dÛc^dÛc^d4,One'Xnode%WinstXd,One'Xnode%

WinstXm,One'Xnode%WinstX&3

rint$24\n Enter t"e $re(uenc& o$ Trans$ormer2H!3/43

17



scan$24^d4,One'Xnode%WtX$re(3

'"i#e22ne'Xnode%WtX$re(_[K3OO2ne'Xnode%WtX$re(_[33

rint$24\n Enter t"e $re(uenc& o$ Trans$ormer2H!3/43

scan$24^d4,One'Xnode%WtX$re(3

J

rint$24\n Enter t"e rating o$ trans$omer2M6A?6A3/\t43

scan$24^$4,One'Xnode%WtXrate3

rint$24\nRating in M6A or ?6A\t43

scan$24^s4,One'Xnode%WtX)a3

rint$24\n Enter t"e H6 rating o$ Trans$ormer2)o#ts3/\t43

scan$24^$4,One'Xnode%WtX")3

rint$24\n Enter t"e 76 rating o$ Trans$ormer2)o#ts3/\t43

scan$24^$4,One'Xnode%WtX#)3

rint$24\n Enter t"e current rating o$ trans$ormer2Ameres3/\t43

scan$24^$4,One'Xnode%WtXam3

rint$24\n Enter t"e "ases o$ Trans$ormer2@ or 13/\t43

scan$24^d4,One'Xnode%WtX"ase3

'"i#e22ne'Xnode%WtX"ase_[@3OO2ne'Xnode%WtX"ase_[133

rint$24\n Enter t"e "ases o$ Trans$ormer2@ or 13/\t43

scan$24^d4,One'Xnode%WtX"ase3

+rea*

J

ne'Xnode%Wne0t[NL77

i$2cne'Xnode[[NL773

cne'Xnode[ne'Xnode

J

current%Wne0t[ne'Xnode

current[ne'Xnode

rint$24\nDo &ou 'ant to enter t"e detai#s o$ anot"er TRANSF5RMER/43

rint$24\n\tUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU43

rint$24\nEnter < $or anot"er entr&43

rint$24\nEnter N to e0it43

18



rint$24\nUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU43

rint$24\nEnter &our c"oice/\t43

c"[getc"e23

J

'"i#e2c"_[`N`3

dis#a&2cne'Xnode3

J

UUUUU Dis#a& t"e entered data o$ t"e TRANSF5RMER UUUU

)oid dis#a&2struct node Ucne'Xnode3

c"ar c"


ne'Xnode[cne'Xnode

do

rint$24\n\n\n\n<our entered detai#s o$ TRANSF5RMER are as s"o'n

+e#o'\n43

rint$24\tUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU43

rint$24\nTrans$ormer Num+er is/\t^d4,ne'Xnode%WtXno3

rint$24\nTrans$ormer Identit& is/\t^d4,ne'Xnode%WtXid3

rint$24\nTrans$ormer Ma*e is/\t^s4,ne'Xnode%WtXma*e3

rint$24\nManu$acturing date o$ Trans$ormer is2dd%mm%&&&&3/ ^d%^d%

^d4,ne'Xnode%Wm$gXd,ne'Xnode%Wm$gXm,ne'Xnode%Wm$gX&3

rint$24\nInsta##ation date o$ Trans$ormer is2dd%mm%&&&&3/ ^d%^d%

^d4,ne'Xnode%WinstXd,ne'Xnode%WinstXm,ne'Xnode%WinstX&3

rint$24\nTrans$ormer $re(uenc& is/\t^d H!4,ne'Xnode%WtX$re(3

rint$24\nTrans$ormet rating is/\t^$ ^s4,ne'Xnode%WtXrate,ne'Xnode%

WtX)a3

rint$24\nTrans$ormer Hig" )o#tage rating is/\t^$4,ne'Xnode%WtX")3

rint$24\nTrans$ormer 7o' )o#tage rating is/\t^$4,ne'Xnode%WtX#)3

rint$24\nCurrent rating o$ trans$ormer is/\t^$4,ne'Xnode%WtXam3

rint$24\nNum+er o$ "ases in Trans$ormer is/\t^d4,ne'Xnode%

WtX"ase3

19



ne'Xnode[ne'Xnode%Wne0t

i$2ne'Xnode_[NL773

rint$24\n\nDo &ou 'ant to get t"e detai#s o$ anot"er TRANSF5RMER/43


rint$24\nEnter < $or getting t"e detai#s entered43




J

e#se

rint$24\n\nNo more Records to dis#a&\n43

rint$24\n\nPress a *e& to continue\n43

J

c"[getc"e23

J

'"i#e2c"[[`<`3

J

UUUUUU Searc"ing t"e detai#s o$ a articu#ar asset UUUUUUUU

)oid searc"23


int id

rint$24\n\n\nUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU\n43

rint$24Enter t"e Trans$ormer ID\n43

scan$24^d4,Oid3

ne'Xnode[start

'"i#e2ne'Xnode_[NL773

i$2ne'Xnode%WtXid[[id3


20












WtX)a3





WtX"ase3

+rea*

J

e#se


J

i$2ne'Xnode[[NL773

rint$24\n\n No record e0ists $or t"is id.\n\n43


getc"23

J

UUUUU Dis#a&ing a## t"e records o$ t"e TRANSF5RMER UUUUUU

)oid s"o'Xentr&23

c"ar c"


ne'Xnode[start

do

rint$24\n\n\n\nDetai#s o$ TRANSF5RMER are as s"o'n +e#o'\n43

21













WtX)a3





WtX"ase3


i$2ne'Xnode_[NL773

rint$24\n\nDo &ou 'ant to get t"e detai#s o$ anot"er TRANSF5RMER/43


rint$24\nEnter < $or getting t"e detai#s entered43




J

e#se

rint$24\n\nNo more Records to dis#a&\n43


J

c"[getc"e23

J

'"i#e2c"[[`<`3

22



J

U Main rogram $or ca##ing a## t"e $unctions and acti)ites associated U

int main23

struct node UtXne'1,UtXne';,UtXne'@,UtXne',UtXne'K construction o$ 1 ne' enteries

struct node UtXne',UtXne',UtXne'>,UtXne'=,UtXne'1 $or trans$ormer

Dec#aration o$ )ari+a#es art.

c"ar in $or starting oeration.

int asset $or t"e ne' asset se#ection.

$#oat tXid Trans$omer uni(ue identit&.

c#rscr23 starting oint o$ t"e rogram.

Sace creation $or t"e entr& o$ Trans$ormer in data+ase.

tXne'1[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

tXne';[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

tXne'@[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

tXne'[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

tXne'K[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33



tXne'>[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

tXne'=[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

tXne'1[2struct node U3ma##oc2si!eo$2struct node33

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Trans$ormer 1 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'1%WtXno[1

tXne'1%WtXid[1;

strc&2tXne'1%WtXma*e,4:HE743

tXne'1%Wm$gXd[1=

23



tXne'1%Wm$gXm[1

tXne'1%Wm$gX&[1===

tXne'1%WinstXd[;

tXne'1%WinstXm[1

tXne'1%WinstX&[;

tXne'1%WtX$re([K

tXne'1%WtXrate[K

strc&2tXne'1%WtX)a,4M6A43

tXne'1%WtX")[

tXne'1%WtX#)[;@

tXne'1%WtXam[>@@.@

tXne'1%WtX"ase[@

tXne'1%Wne0t[tXne';

start[tXne'1

UUUUUUUUUUUU Ne' Trans$ormer ; UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne';%WtXno[;

tXne';%WtXid[;

strc&2tXne';%WtXma*e,4A::43

tXne';%Wm$gXd[1K

tXne';%Wm$gXm[1;

tXne';%Wm$gX&[;1

tXne';%WinstXd[1

tXne';%WinstXm[

tXne';%WinstX&[;;

tXne';%WtX$re([K

tXne';%WtXrate[;

strc&2tXne';%WtX)a,4?6A43

tXne';%WtX")[

tXne';%WtX#)[@

tXne';%WtXam[>@@.

tXne';%WtX"ase[1

tXne';%Wne0t[tXne'@

24



UUUUUUUUUUUUU Ne' Trans$ormer @ UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'@%WtXno[@

tXne'@%WtXid[@

strc&2tXne'@%WtXma*e,4:HE743

tXne'@%Wm$gXd[1

tXne'@%Wm$gXm[1;

tXne'@%Wm$gX&[;1

tXne'@%WinstXd[@

tXne'@%WinstXm[@

tXne'@%WinstX&[;;

tXne'@%WtX$re([K

tXne'@%WtXrate[K

strc&2tXne';%WtX)a,4?6A43

tXne'@%WtX")[

tXne'@%WtX#)[;

tXne'@%WtXam[>=K.

tXne'@%WtX"ase[@

tXne'@%Wne0t[tXne'

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Ne' Trans$ormer UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'%WtXno[

tXne'%WtXid[K

strc&2tXne'%WtXma*e,4:HE743

tXne'%Wm$gXd[1;

tXne'%Wm$gXm[1;

tXne'%Wm$gX&[;@

tXne'%WinstXd[1

tXne'%WinstXm[@

tXne'%WinstX&[;

tXne'%WtX$re([K

tXne'%WtXrate[K

strc&2tXne'%WtX)a,4M6A43

tXne'%WtX")[

25



tXne'%WtX#)[@@

tXne'%WtXam[1;

tXne'%WtX"ase[@

tXne'%Wne0t[tXne'K

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Ne' Trans$ormer K UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'K%WtXno[K

tXne'K%WtXid[

strc&2tXne'K%WtXma*e,4A::43

tXne'K%Wm$gXd[1

tXne'K%Wm$gXm[K

tXne'K%Wm$gX&[1==K

tXne'K%WinstXd[;K

tXne'K%WinstXm[1;

tXne'K%WinstX&[1==K

tXne'K%WtX$re([K

tXne'K%WtXrate[@

strc&2tXne'K%WtX)a,4?6A43

tXne'K%WtX")[@

tXne'K%WtX#)[

tXne'K%WtXam[

tXne'K%WtX"ase[@

tXne'K%Wne0t[tXne'

UUUUUUUUUUU%%%% Ne' Trans$ormer %%%%%%UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'%WtXno[

tXne'%WtXid[@

strc&2tXne'%WtXma*e,4TE7?5N43

tXne'%Wm$gXd[@

tXne'%Wm$gXm[K

tXne'%Wm$gX&[1==

tXne'%WinstXd[K

tXne'%WinstXm[K

26



tXne'%WinstX&[1==

tXne'%WtX$re([K

tXne'%WtXrate[1@


tXne'%WtX")[K

tXne'%WtX#)[=

tXne'%WtXam[@

tXne'%WtX"ase[@

tXne'%Wne0t[tXne'

UUUUUUUUUUUUUU%%%%%%%%% Ne' Trans$ormer %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%UUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'%WtXno[

tXne'%WtXid[1@;=

strc&2tXne'%WtXma*e,4TE7?5N43

tXne'%Wm$gXd[;K

tXne'%Wm$gXm[1

tXne'%Wm$gX&[1==@

tXne'%WinstXd[1;

tXne'%WinstXm[

tXne'%WinstX&[1==

tXne'%WtX$re([K

tXne'%WtXrate[1;


tXne'%WtX")[@

tXne'%WtX#)[1

tXne'%WtXam[@

tXne'%WtX"ase[@

tXne'%Wne0t[tXne'>

UUUUUUUUUUU%%%%%%% Ne' Trans$ormer > %%%%%%%%%%%%UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'>%WtXno[>

tXne'>%WtXid[1;@

strc&2tXne'>%WtXma*e,4:HE743

27



tXne'>%Wm$gXd[@1

tXne'>%Wm$gXm[@

tXne'>%Wm$gX&[;K

tXne'>%WinstXd[1K

tXne'>%WinstXm[K

tXne'>%WinstX&[;K

tXne'>%WtX$re([K

tXne'>%WtXrate[K

strc&2tXne'>%WtX)a,4?6A43

tXne'>%WtX")[@

tXne'>%WtX#)[1K

tXne'>%WtXam[1;

tXne'>%WtX"ase[1

tXne'>%Wne0t[tXne'=

UUUUUUUUUUUU%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ne' Trans$ormer = %%%%%%%%%%%UUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'=%WtXno[=

tXne'=%WtXid[@;1

strc&2tXne'=%WtXma*e,4TE7?5N43

tXne'=%Wm$gXd[;@

tXne'=%Wm$gXm[11

tXne'=%Wm$gX&[1==

tXne'=%WinstXd[@

tXne'=%WinstXm[@

tXne'=%WinstX&[1==>

tXne'=%WtX$re([K

tXne'=%WtXrate[K

strc&2tXne'=%WtX)a,4?6A43

tXne'=%WtX")[>

tXne'=%WtX#)[

tXne'=%WtXam[@

tXne'=%WtX"ase[@

tXne'=%Wne0t[tXne'1

28



UUUUUUUUUUUUUU%%%%%%%%% Ne' Trans$ormer 1 %%%%%%UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

tXne'1%WtXno[1

tXne'1%WtXid[@

strc&2tXne'1%WtXma*e,4:HE743

tXne'1%Wm$gXd[;@

tXne'1%Wm$gXm[1

tXne'1%Wm$gX&[1==;

tXne'1%WinstXd[

tXne'1%WinstXm[1

tXne'1%WinstX&[1==@

tXne'1%WtX$re([K

tXne'1%WtXrate[@

strc&2tXne'1%WtX)a,4M6A43

tXne'1%WtX")[1

tXne'1%WtX#)[K

tXne'1%WtXam[@

tXne'1%WtX"ase[@

tXne'1%Wne0t[NL77

current[tXne'1

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU%% 5eartion c#asses ca## $or oerations %%UUUUUUUUUUUUUU

do

c#rscr23

rint$24\n\n\t\t\tASSET MANAGEMENT F5R THE E7ECTRIC LTI7ITIES\n43

rint$24\t\tUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU\n43

rint$ 24\t\tUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU\n\n43

rint$24Enter t"e oeration to +e er$ormed/%\n43

rint$24Enter N $or Adding Ne' Entr&\n43

rint$24Enter 6 $or 6ie'ing Data\n43

rint$24Enter S $or Searc"ing an asset\n43

rint$24Enter E $or e0it\n43

rint$24Enter &our c"oice/\t43

29



scan$24^c4,Oin3

U%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% NE- ENRT< :5 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%U

i$2in[[`N`3

rint$24\n\n<5L HA6E 5PTED F5R NE- ENTR< 5F THE ASSET\n43

rint$24Enter 1 $or TRANSF5RMER\n43

rint$24Enter ; $or METER\n43

rint$24Enter @ $or CA:7E\n43

rint$24Enter $or CIRCLIT :REA?ER\n43

rint$24Enter K $or RE7A<\n43


scan$24^d4,Oasset3

s'itc"2asset3

case 1/

create23

+rea*

case ;/

rint$245n#& Trans$ormer is a)ai#a+#e $or t"e oeration\n43

+rea*

de$au#t/

rint$24P#ease Enter a correct num+er as s"o'n...\n43

+rea*

J

J

U%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 6IE- :5 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%U

e#se i$2in[[`6`3

rint$24\n\n<5L HA6E 5PTED F5R 6IE-ING ENTRIES 5F THE ASSET\n43






30




scan$24^d4,Oasset3

s'itc"2asset3

case 1/

s"o'Xentr&23

+rea*

case ;/

rint$245n#& Trans$ormer is a)ai#a+#e $or t"e oeration\n43

+rea*

de$au#t/


+rea*

J

J

U%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% SEARCH :5 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%U

e#se i$2in[[`S`3

rint$24\n\n<5L HA6E 5PTED F5R SEARCHING THE DETAI7S 5F AN

ASSET\n43







scan$24^d4,Oasset3

s'itc"2asset3

case 1/

searc"23

+rea*

case ;/

rint$24\nNo data $ound $or METER43

31



+rea*

case @/

rint$24\nNo data $ound $or CA:7E43

+rea*

case /

rint$24\n No data $ound $or CIRCLIT :REA?ER43

+rea*

case K/

rint$24\n No data $ound $or Re#a&43

+rea*

de$au#t/


+rea*

J

J

J

'"i#e2in_[`E`3

return

J

32



CHAPTER Resu#t and Discussion

.1 C5DING SCREEN

33



FIGLRE .1/ C5DING SCREEN 5F THE S5FT-ARE

.; 5LTPLT SCREENS

.;.1 STARTING 5F THE PR5ECT 5LTPLT

34



FIGLRE . ;/ FIRST 5LTPLT -IND5-

.;.; NE- ENTR< IN THE DATA:ASE

35



FIGLRE .@/ NE- ENRT< 5F TRANSF5RMER IN DATA:ASE

.;.@ ENTERING THE 6ARI5LS INPLT DATA 5F TRANSF5RMER

36



FIGLRE . /ENTERING DATA 5F TRANSF5RMER

.;. AS?ING F5R THE AN5THER 5PERATI5N 5F ENRT<

37



FIGLRE .K/ AS?ING F5R AN5THER INPLT RELIRED 5R N5T

.;.K SH5-ING ENTERED 5LTPLT IF N5 NE- ENRT< IS A6AI7A:7E

38



FIGLRE ./SH5-ING THE CLRRENT7< ENTERED DATA

.;. SH5-ING THE AN5THER ENTR< AT DISP7A< IF A6AI7A:7E

39



FIGLRE ./SH5-ING THE AN5THER ENTR< AND END 5F 5LTPLT

.;. 6IE-ING 5PEARTI5N 5N ENTERED AS -E77 AS ST5RED DATA

40



FIGLRE .>/ PR56IDING THE INPLTTED DATA

.;.> 6IE-ING THE DATA ENRT< :< ENRT<

41



FIGLRE .=/ 6IE-ING ENTERED DATA

.;.= LERING THE ENTERED DATA

42



FIGRLE .1/ SEARCHING ENTERED DATA

.;.1 SH5-ING THE SEARCHED DATA IF A6AI7A:7E

43



FIGLRE .11/ SH5-ING SEARCHED DATA A6AI7A:7E IN DATA:ASE

.;.11 IF SEARCH DATA N5T A6AI7A:7E

44



FIGLRE .1;/ 5LTPLT SCREEN IF DATA N5T A6AI7A:7E F5R LER<

.;.11 EIT 5PERATI5N

45



FIGLRE .1@/ EIT 5PERATI5N IN C5DE

CHAPTER

46



Conc#usion

.1 C5NC7LSI5N

Fe' decades "a)e induced additiona# cost ressures targeting s&stem oerations, assetmanagement strategies oriented to otimi!e t"e use o$ t"e assets t"roug" di$$erent aroac"es

Inc#uding re#ia+i#it& centered maintenance are cost e$$ecti)e and s"ou#d +e t"oroug"#& e)a#uated

to reac" suc" goa#s '"i#e maintaining or e)en imro)ing re#ia+i#it& #e)e#s and t"e (ua#it& o$

Ser)ice in genera#. A +asic strateg& $or distri+ution net'or*s cou#d +e $o##o'ing met"ods $or t"e

simu#ation o$ e(uiment in)entor& in terms o$ cost, re#ia+i#it& and imortance. T"is roect

s"o'ed a ractica# met"odo#og& to esta+#is" AMS. 5t"er conc#uding remar*s

Inc#ude/

1. T"e discussed met"odo#og& a##o's a (uic* assessment $or t"e condition o$ t"e assets o$

distri+ution net'or*s.

;. T"e resu#ts o$ t"e stud& case ro)ed to +e a#igned 'it" t"e rea# situation o$ t"e uti#ities under

e)a#uation.

@. T"e estimated assets a)erage ser)ice #i$e using t"e resu#ts o$ t"e condition assessment 'as

comara+#e 'it" standard uti#it& ractices.

. T"e sim#i$ied met"odo#og& de)e#oed $or t"e ca#cu#ation o$ t"e imortance inde0 is

acceta+#e $or a s"ort term tec"nica# audit o$ t"e net'or*s.

K. $or de)e#oing o$ andor udating an Asset Management Strateg& a $u## re#ia+i#it&

Assessment o$ t"e net'or* is a#'a&s recommended.

. T"e condition assessment mode# can +e im#emented at sing#e e(uiment #e)e#s and t"en

t"e resu#ts integrated u to t"e net'or* #e)e#s.

. T"e condition assessment resu#ts s"ou#d +e com#emented '"ic" a +enc"mar*ing e)a#uation

o$ *e& er$ormance indicators

.; FLTLRE SC5PE

Present#&, ran*ing $i$t" #argest g#o+a##& in terms o$ generating caacit&, India8s tota# insta##ed

generating caacit& is a #itt#e o)er 1, M-. Desite t"is, t"e countr&8s demand $or e#ectric

o'er outstris su#& +& a+out 1 ercent, and a#most one t"ird o$ t"e countr&8s ou#ation "as

no access to e#ectricit&. Resonding to t"is grim situation, t"e e#ectric o'er industr& is 'or*ing

on strategies to "asten t"e commissioning o$ ne' #ants. In addition to t"e in)estments in

commissioning o$ ne' #ants, t"e industr& is a#so 'itnessing mega in)estments to increase its

47



distri+ution net'or* 'it" t"e im#ementation o$ t"e R%APDRP rogram. T"ese in)estments 'i##

dri)e t"e ro+ust gro't" o$ t"e automation and asset management s&stems8 mar*et during t"e

$orecast eriod. T"is stud& ro)ides in$ormation a+out )arious $actors t"at in$#uence t"e

automation and asset management mar*et in India8s e#ectric o'er industr&. T"e stud& a#so

ro)ides in$ormation re#ating to )arious caita# e0enditure and ro$i#es o$ #eading e#ectric o'er

generation, transmission, and distri+ution comanies.

.@ APP7ICATI5NS

• :an*ing

• Finance

• Lti#ities

• Distri+ution $irms

References

48



• T"e Institute o$ Asset Management 2IAM3 L?

• :SI PAS KK, Parts 1 O ;/;>

• T"e Institute o$ Asset Management 2'''.t"eiam.org3

• Asset Management Counci# 2'''.amcounci#.org.au3

• Asset Management Pro$essiona#s 2'''.maintenance.org3

• P#ant Maintenance Resource Center 2'''.#ant%maintenance.com3

• Center $or Inte##igent Maintenance S&stems 2'''.imscenter.net3

• Re#ia+i#it& -e+ 2'''.re#ia+i#it&'e+.com3

• FM 7in* 2'''.$m#in*.com3

• Internationa# Faci#it& Management Association 2'''.i$ma.org3

• M. Sc"'an, ?. Sc"i##ing, A. Arssu$i de Me#o, ;, “Re#ia+i#it& Centered Asset

Management in Distri+ution Net'or*s% Process and A#ication E0am#esB, 1=t"Internationa# Con$erence on E#ectricit& Distri+ution, CIRED.

• R. Nadira, . 7ede!ma, . Martine!, ;1, “5timi!ed Asset Management 9 An

Integrated Aroac"B, Paer aro)ed $or resentation at CIRED -or*s"o, 7&on,France, une %>, ;1.

• INGENILM and IP-EA. ;. Internationa# In$rastructure Management Manua#.

Internationa# Edition. Ne' ea#and.

http://www.theiam.org/

http://www.amcouncil.com.au/

http://www.maintenance.org/home

http://www.plant-maintenance.com/

http://www.imscenter.net/

http://www.reliabilityweb.com/

http://www.fmlink.com/

http://www.ifma.org/

http://www.amcouncil.com.au/

http://www.maintenance.org/home

http://www.plant-maintenance.com/

http://www.imscenter.net/

http://www.reliabilityweb.com/

http://www.fmlink.com/

http://www.ifma.org/

http://www.theiam.org/

final report asset

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