film theory - gbv
TRANSCRIPT
FILM THEORY AND
CRITICISM Introductory Readings
F O U R T H E D I T I O N
GERALD MAST
MARSHALL COHEN
LEO BRAUDY
New York Oxford O X F O R D U N I V E R S I T Y PRESS
1992
CONTENTS
I • Film and Reality 3
SIEGFRIED KRACAUER From Theory of Film Basic Concepts, 9
SIEGFRIED KRACAUER From From Caligari to Hitler The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, 21
ANDRE BAZIN From What Is Cinema? The Myth of Total Cinema, 34
ANDRE BAZIN From What Is Cinema? De Sica: Metteur-en-scene, 38
RUDOLF ARNHEIM From Film as Art The Complete Film, 48
V. F. PERKINS From Film as Film
Form and Discipline, 52
MAYA DEREN Cinematography: The Creative Use of Reality, 59
STAN BRA KH AGE From Metaphors on Vision, 71
xiv CONTENTS
COLIN MACCABE Theory and Film: Principles of Realism and Pleasure, 79
CHRISTINE GLEDHILL Recent Developments in Feminist Criticism, 93
II • Film Language 115
VSEVOLOD PUDOVKIN From Film Technique [On Editing], 121
SERGEI EISENSTEIN From Film Form The Cinematographic Principle and the Ideogram, 127 A Dialectic Approach to Film Form, 138
ANDRE BAZIN From What Is Cinema? The Evolution of the Language of Cinema, 155
CHRISTIAN METZ From Film Language
Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 168
DANIEL DAYAN The Tutor-Code of Classical Cinema, 179
WILLIAM ROTHM AN Against "The System of the Suture," 192
KAJA SILVERMAN From The Subject of Semiotics [On Suture], 199
NICK BROWNE The Spectator-in-the-Text: The Rhetoric of Stagecoach, 210
III • The Film Medium: Image and Sound 227
ERWIN PANOFSKY Style and Medium in the Motion Pictures, 233
SIEGFRIED KRACAUER From Theory of Film The Establishment of Physical Existence, 249
BELA BALÄZS From Theory of the Film The Close-up, 260 The Face of Man, 262
CONTENTS
RUDOLF ARNHEIM From Film as Art Film and Reality, 268 The Making of a Film, 272
NOEL CARROLL From Philosophical Problems of Classical Film Theory
The Specificity Thesis, 278
GERALD MAST From Film/Cinema/Movie Projection, 286
STANLEY CAVELL From The World Viewed Photograph and Screen, 291 Audience, Actor, and Star, 292 Types; Cycles as Genres, 294 Ideas of Origin, 299
JEAN-LOUIS BAUDR Y Ideological Effects of the Basic Cinematographic Apparatus, 302
CHRISTIAN METZ Aural Objects, 313
S. M. EISENSTEIN, V. I. PUDOVKIN, AND G. V. ALEXANDROV A Statement [On Sound], 317
JEAN-MARIE STRAUB and DANIELE HUILLET Direct Sound: An Interview, 320
JOHN BELTON Technology and Aesthetics of Film Sound, 323
CHARLES AFFRON From Cinema and Sentiment Voice and Space, 332
JOHN ELLIS From Visible Fictions Broadcast TV as Sound and Image, 341
IV • Film, Theater, and Literature 351
HUGO MÜNSTERBERG From The Film: A Psychological Study The Means of the Photoplay, 355
SUSAN SONTAG Film and Theatre, 362
XVI CONTENTS
ANDRE BAZIN From What Is Cinema? Theater and Cinema, 375
LEO BRAUDY From The World in a Frame Acting: Stage vs. Screen, 387
SERGEI EISENSTEIN From Film Form Dickens, Griffith, and the Film Today, 395
SEYMOUR CHATMAN What Novels Can Do That Films Can't (and Vice Versa), 403
DUDLEY ANDREW From Concepts in Film Theory Adaptation, 420
V • Film Genres 429
LEO BRAUDY From The World in a Frame Genre: The Conventions of Connection, 435
ROBERT WARSHOW Movie Chronicle: The Westerner, 45 3
JEAN-LOUP BOURGET Social Implications in the Hollywood Genres, 467
ROBIN WOOD Ideology, Genre, Auteur, 475
JANE FEUER The Self-Reflexive Musical and the Myth of Entertainment, 486
JOHN G. CAWELTl Chinatown and Generic Transformation in Recent American Films, 498
THOMAS ELSAESSER Tales of Sound and Fury: Observations on the Family Melodrama, 512
TANIA MODLESK1 Time and Desire in the Woman's Film, 536
BRUCE K.AWIN The Mummy's Pool, 549
LINDA WILLIAMS When the Woman Looks, 561
CONTENTS xvii
VI • The Film Artist 579
ANDREW SARRIS Notes on the Auteur Theory in 1962, 585
PETER WOLLEN From Signs and Meaning in the Cinema
The Auteur Theory, 589
RICHARD CORLISS The Hollywood Screenwriter, 606
JOHN ELLIS From Visible Fictions
Stars as a Cinematic Phenomenon, 614
RICHARD DYER From Stars, 622
ROLAND BARTHES The Face of Garbo, 628
MOLLY HASKELL From From Reverence to Rape Female Stars of the 1940s, 632
JOAN MELLEN From Women and Their Sexuality in the New Film The Mae West Nobody Knows, 646
THOMAS SCHATZ From The Genius of the System "The Whole Equation of Pictures," 654
VII • Film: Psychology, Society, and Ideology 659
WALTER BENJAMIN The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction, 665
JEAN-LUC COMOLLI and JEAN NARBONI Cinema/ Ideology/Criticism, 682
JEAN-LOUIS BAUDRY The Apparatus: Metapsychological Approaches to the Impression of Reality in Cinema, 690
NOEL CARROLL From Mystifying Movies Jean-Louis Baudry and "The Apparatus," 708
xviii CONTENTS
PARKER TYLER From Magic and Myth of the Movies Preface, 725
CHRISTIAN METZ From The Imaginary Signifier Identification, Mirror, 730 The Passion for Perceiving, 741
LAURA MULVEY Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema, 746
MARY ANN DOANE Film and the Masquerade: Theorising the Female Spectator, 758
GAYLYN STUDLAR Masochism and the Perverse Pleasures of the Cinema, 773
Bibliography, 791