Presentation on File System

Way computers store file on disk

Submitted to:Ms. ShivaniMr. AchintC.S.E Department

Submitted by:Prachi MathpalR.No: 120240101037C.S.E 2nd year

Overview

What is a file? what is a file system and its needs? Evolution of file system. Commonly used file system. Comparision between the latest file system. Limitations.

File

File is a collection of related information that is recorded on secondary storage.

A file is a container for storing information. Every file has a title called “filename”. For example : mp3 files, html files, doc files

etc.

File system

File system is used to control how data is stored and retrieved.

File system is a logical collection of files on a partition or a disk.

Interface between applications and the mass storage/devices.

Provide abstraction for the mass storage and IO devices.

Evolution of file system

MULTICS introduced the first file system in 1965.

Earlier, each computer was built to run a single application.

With advent of file system, applications do not deal with storage medium.

They write blocks of data to the disk.

Commonly used file system

FAT 16 FAT 32 NTFS ReFS

FAT(file allocation table)

Developed by Microsoft in 1977. There are 3 versions of it till date. Maximum file size: 4 GB. Maximum number of files : FAT12 - 4,068 for 8kb clusters.

FAT16 - 65,460 for 32kb clusters.

FAT32 - 268,173,300 for 32kb clusters. Maximum volume size: 32 MB for FAT12

2 GB for FAT16

2 TB for FAT32

Maximum volume:

FAT File Structure.

NTFS

It is a new technology file system Introduced in July 1993(Windows NT 3.1) by

Microsoft. Maximum file size : 16 TB-64 KB(windows 7)

256 TB–64 KB (Windows 8) Maximum number of files: 4,294,967,295 . Maximum volume size: 256tb-

64kb(implementation). There are 5 versions of NTFS till date.

Architecture of NTFS

ReFS(RESILIENCE FILE SYSTEM) Originally started out as Monolithic NTFS and

ended up as ReFS. It is codenamed as “Protogon”, introduced with

windows server 2012. It improves on NTFS while it also removes

number of features. Features: Improved reliability for on-disk structures. Compatibility with existing APIs and

technologies.

ReFS File Structure

Comparision between different file systems FAT16 FAT32 NTFS

Introduced with ms-dos in 1981.

Originally introduced in windows 95.

Introduced for windows NT.

It’s possible to make a fat16 partition upto 4GB in size.

It can be used to create much larger partitions.

NTFS partition can be made upto 16 TB.

Advantage : It is compatible across a wide variety of operating systems

Advantage:It has native support for long filenames.

Advantage:It provides for greatly increased security

Weak error recovery and no built in file security.

No security for data. Much secure and robust.

Limitations of file system

Migrating to a different file system. In place conversion. Long file paths and long file names. Converting the type of the file system.

Any questions?Any questions?

THANK YOU….