Figure 1*

                                                                                                               *  James Fisher Submersible Rescue Vehicle (LR5).  

Figure 2†

                                                                                                               †  Submersible rescue vehicle (LR5) connected to the TUP compartment and portable, one-man RCC. James Fisher Defence refers to its TUP compartment as the Universal Deck Reception Chamber.  

Figure 3‡

                                                                                                               ‡  PDCS (%, y-axis) in rescue personnel for single dives with bottom times from 60–280 minutes (x-axis) at 253 kPa estimated using the NMRI-98 model. At each bottom time the cluster of bars gives the PDCS for decompression according to each table that has a schedule for that bottom time. The order in the bar cluster is always the same — DCIEM 2 (blue); XVALSS_DISSUB 7 (green); VVAL-18M (orange); Royal Navy 14 (Modified) (red) — but not all bars may appear. For instance, the VVAL-18M table does not have an entry for 75-minutes bottom time and consequently there is no orange bar in the cluster at this value of the x-axis.  

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

60 75 80 90 100 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280

PRO

BA

BIL

ITY

OF

DC

S %

DIVE PROFILE (MINUTES)

PDCS FOR SINGLE DIVES 60 - 280 MINUNTES @ 253 kPa (NMRI-98 MODELLING)

DCIEM 2

XVALSS_DISSUB 7

VVAL-18M

ROYAL NAVY 14 (MODIFIED)

Figure 4§

                                                                                                               §  PDCS (%, y-axis)  in rescue personnel for single dives with bottom times from 290–460 minutes (x-axis) at 253 kPa estimated using the NMRI-98 model. These profiles exceed the 280-minute limit at 253 kPa for DCIEM tables.  

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460

PRO

BA

BIL

ITY

OF

DC

S %

DIVE PROFILE (MINUTES)

PDCS FOR SINGLE DIVES 290 - 460 MINUTES @ 253 kPa (NMRI-98 MODELLING) DCIEM 2 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 VVAL-18M ROYAL NAVY 14 (MODIFIED)

Figure 5**

                                                                                                               **  PDCS (%, y-axis)  in rescue personnel for single dives with bottom times from 60–280 minutes (x-axis) at 253 kPa estimated using the BVM(3) model.  

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

60 75 80 90 100 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280

PRO

BA

BIL

ITY

OF

DC

S %

DIVE PROFILE (MINUTES)

PDCS FOR SINGLE DIVES 60 - 280 MINUTES @ 253 kPa (BVM(3) MODELLING)

DCIEM 2 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 VVAL-18M ROYAL NAVY 14 (MODIFIED)

Figure 6††

                                                                                                               ††  PDCS (%, y-axis)  in rescue personnel for single dives with bottom times from 290–460 minutes (x-axis) at 253 kPa estimated using the BVM(3) model. These profiles exceed the 280-minute limit at 253 kPa for DCIEM tables.    

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460

PRO

BA

BIL

ITY

OF

DC

S %

DIVE PROFILE (MINUTES)

PDCS FOR SINGLE DIVES 290 - 460 MINUTES @ 253 kPa (BVM(3) MODELLING)

DCIEM 2 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 VVAL-18M ROYAL NAVY 14 (MODIFIED)

Figure 7‡‡

                                                                                                               ‡‡  Total Decompression Time. Minutes (y-axis) in rescue personnel for single dives with bottom times from 75–460 minutes (x-axis) at 253 kPa. At each bottom time the cluster of bars gives the TDT for decompression according to each table that has a schedule for that bottom time. The order in the bar cluster is always the same — DCIEM 2 (blue); XVAL SS_DISSUB 7 (green); VVAL-18M (orange); Royal Navy 14 (Modified) (red) — but not all bars may appear. For instance, the VVAL-18M table does not have an entry for 75-minutes bottom time and consequently there is no orange bar in the cluster at this value of the x-axis.  

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

75 85 90 95 100 110 120 125 130 135 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460

MIN

UT

ES

BOTTOM TIME (MINUTES)

TOTAL DECOMPRESSION TIME (253 kPa) DCIEM 2

XVALSS_DISSUB 7

VVAL-18M

ROYAL NAVY 14 (MODIFIED)

Figure 8§§

 

                                                                                                               §§  Total oxygen consumption. Litres (y-axis) in rescue personnel for single dives with bottom times from 50–460 minutes (x-axis) at 253 kPa. Respiratory minute ventilation rate based on 15 litres per minute. At each bottom time the cluster of bars gives the total oxygen usage for decompression according to each table that has a schedule for that bottom time. The order in the bar cluster is always the same — DCIEM 2 (blue); XVAL SS_DISSUB 7 (green); VVAL-18M (orange); Royal Navy 14 (Modified) (red) — but not all bars may appear. For instance, the VVAL-18M table does not have an entry for 75-minutes bottom time and consequently there is no orange bar in the cluster at this value of the x-axis.  

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

50 75 85 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460

LIT

RE

S

BOTTOM TIME (MINUTES)

TOTAL OXYGEN USE (253 kPa)

DCIEM 2 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 VVAL-18M ROYAL NAVY 14 MODIFIED

Figure 9***

                                                                                                               ***  Cumulative Unit Pulmonary Toxicity Dose. Units (y-axis) in rescue personnel for single dives with bottom times from 75–460 minutes (x-axis) at 253 kPa. At each bottom time the cluster of bars gives the CUPTD for decompression according to each table that has a schedule for that bottom time. The order in the bar cluster is always the same — DCIEM 2 (blue); XVAL SS_DISSUB 7 (green); VVAL-18M (orange); Royal Navy 14 (Modified) (red) — but not all bars may appear. For instance, the VVAL-18M table does not have an entry for 75minutes bottom time and consequently there is no orange bar in the cluster at this value of the x-axis.  

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

75 80 85 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460

UN

ITS

BOTTOM TIME (MINUTES)

CUMULATIVE PULMONARY TOXICITY DOSE UNITS (253 kPa)

DCIEM 2

XVALSS_DISSUB 7

VVAL-18M

ROYAL NAVY 14 (MODIFIED)

Figure 10†††

                                                                                                               †††  PDCS (%, y-axis) in rescue personnel performing 60-minute repetitive dives at 253 kPa with surface interval times of 6, 12.5 and 18-hours (x-axis). Decompression as per DCIEM 2 (blue); XVAL SS_DISSUB 7 (green); VVAL-18M (orange) tables. Royal Navy 14 (Modified) Tables were not tested due to inability to calculate residual nitrogen time. Estimated using NMRI-98 modelling.  

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

60 MINS @ 253 kPa SIT 6 HOURS 60 MINS @ 253 kPa AB SIT 12.5 HOURS 60 MINS @ 253 kPa AB SIT 18 HOURS

PRO

BA

BIL

ITY

OF

DC

S %

DIVE PROFILE (MINUTES/ATM ABS)

REPETTIIVE DIVING 60 MINUTES @ 253 kPa (NMRI-98 MODELLING) DCIEM 2 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 VVAL-18M

Figure 11‡‡‡

                                                                                                               ‡‡‡  PDCS (%, y-axis) in rescue personnel performing 60-minute repetitive dives at 253 kPa with surface interval times of 6, 12.5 and 18-hours (x-axis). Decompression as per DCIEM 2 (blue); XVAL SS_DISSUB 7 (green); VVAL-18M (orange) tables. Royal Navy 14 (Modified) Tables were not tested due to inability to calculate residual nitrogen time. Estimated using BVM(3) modelling.  

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

60 MINS @ 253 kPa SIT 6 HOURS 60 MINS @ 253 kPa SIT 12.5 HOURS 60 MINS @ 253 kPa SIT 18 HOURS

PRO

BA

BIL

ITY

OF

DC

S %

DIVE PROFILE (MINUTES/ATM ABS)

REPETITIVE DIVING 60 MINUTES @ 253 kPa (BVM(3) MODELLING) DCIEM 2 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 VVAL-18M

Table 12§§§ DIVE PROFILE MODEL TABLE SIT (HOURS) PDCS %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa NMRI-98 DCIEM 2 12.5 *

150 minutes @ 253 kPa BVM3 DCIEM 2 12.5 *

150 minutes @ 253 kPa NMRI-98 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 12.5 *

150 minutes @ 253 kPa BVM3 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 12.5 *

150 minutes @ 253 kPa NMRI-98 VVAL-18M 12.5 6.087 %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa BVM3 VVAL-18M 12.5 5.601 %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa NMRI-98 DCIEM 2 18.0 6.088 %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa BVM3 DCIEM 2 18.0 3.888 %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa NMRI-98 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 18.0 0.735 %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa BVM3 XVALSS_DISSUB 7 18.0 0.534 %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa NMRI-98 VVAL-18M 18.0 6.142 %

150 minutes @ 253 kPa BVM3 VVAL-18M 18.0 5.544 %

                                                                                                               §§§  PDCS (%) in rescue personnel performing 150-minute repetitive dives at 253 kPa with surface interval times of 12.5-hours. Estimated using NMRI-98 and BVM(3) modelling. * Decompression not possible using printed table protocols.  

Figure 13****

                                                                                                               ****  Current rescue system schematic and personnel requirements. LR5 schematic - http://www.navy.gov.au/fleet/ships-boats-craft/submarines/submarine-rescue-vehicles